Amaranthus Caudatus) During Plant Growth
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Amaranthus Caudatus L.) T ⁎ Alicia Martinez-Lopeza, Maria C
Journal of Functional Foods 65 (2020) 103735 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Functional Foods journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jff Nutraceutical value of kiwicha (Amaranthus caudatus L.) T ⁎ Alicia Martinez-Lopeza, Maria C. Millan-Linaresb, , Noelia M. Rodriguez-Martina,c, Francisco Millanc, Sergio Montserrat-de la Paza a Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Dr. Fedriani 3, 41071 Seville, Spain b Cell Biology Unit, Instituto de la Grasa, CSIC, Ctra. de Utrera Km. 1, 41013 Seville, Spain c Department of Food & Health, Instituto de la Grasa, CSIC, Ctra. de Utrera Km. 1, 41013 Seville, Spain ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Amaranthus caudatus L. (Amaranthaceae), commonly known as kiwicha, is considered as one of the few multi- Amaranth purpose pseudocereal crops which supply higher nutritional seeds in huge quantities. A. caudatus is rich source Seed of proteins, β-carotene, vitamins, minerals, and dietary fiber. Amaranth starch is of promising use by its high Plant protein solubility and digestibility, compared to wheat, rice, and oat, seeds of amaranths are gluten-free and contain Nutraceutical 30% more protein with complete set of amino acid, offering new possibilities for food processing, pharmacology, Kiwicha and cosmetics. In addition to its nutritional value, several studies have highlighted the importance of this A. caudatus as potential sources of biologically active compounds with anti-diabetic, anti-hyperlipidemic, and anti- hypercholesterolemic effects and antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Therefore, the introduction in the diet of A. caudatus seeds could be associated with health promotion and prevention of diseases. 1. -
Chenopodium Pallidicaule Aellen)
Crimson Publishers Mini Review Wings to the Research Underutilized Andean Crop Kañawa (Chenopodium Pallidicaule Aellen) Juan Pablo Rodriguez1* and Marten Sørensen2 1International Center for Biosaline Agriculture, UAE 2Department of Plant & Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark ISSN: 2637-7802 Abstract Small farmers worldwide are the custodians of agro-biodiversity belonging to both the plant and animal kingdoms. Grains and vegetables are the essentials needed to sustain our food systems. Goosefoots, i.e., Chenopodium species like kañawa (Ch. pallidicaule) and Quinoa (Ch. quinoa), are prominent examples of domestication by small farmers during ancient times that still exist. Chenopodium grains possess high ñawa tolerates salinity, drought and frost and its diversity allows farmers to cultivate the crop even above 4000m a.s.l. It isnutritional a staple food profiles source and as arean ingredient further characterized in a balanced by and being low glycaemicresilient climateindex diet. crops. Ka Introduction Kañawa, also known as cañahua or cañihua (Ch. pallidicaule Aellen), is a close relative of quinoa (Ch. quinoa Willd.) originating in the Peruvian and Bolivian Andean Highlands or Puna. Bolivia and Peru conserve a large collection of cañahua accessions with 801 and 341 entries, respectively [1-3]. While the quinoa is cultivated widespread both commercially *Corresponding author: Juan Pablo Rodriguez, Department of Plant & and experimentally, the kañawa is cultivated on a small-scale by farmers in both countries Environmental Sciences, University of [4]. The grain is an achene fruit like that of the quinoa and small-sized and with a very low Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark saponin content and a high nutritional value that surpasses that of the quinoa. -
Underutilization Versus Nutritional-Nutraceutical Potential of the Amaranthus Food Plant: a Mini-Review
applied sciences Review Underutilization Versus Nutritional-Nutraceutical Potential of the Amaranthus Food Plant: A Mini-Review Olusanya N. Ruth 1,*, Kolanisi Unathi 1,2, Ngobese Nomali 3 and Mayashree Chinsamy 4 1 Disipline of Food Security, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Science University of KwaZulu-Natal, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg 3209, South Africa; [email protected] 2 Department of Consumer Science, University of Zululand, 24 Main Road, KwaDlangezwa, Uthungulu 3886, South Africa 3 Department of Botany and Plant Biotectechnology, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Johannesburg 2092, South Africa; [email protected] 4 DST-NRF-Center, Indiginous Knowledge System, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville 3629, South Africa; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Amaranthus is a C4 plant tolerant to drought, and plant diseases and a suitable option for climate change. This plant could form part of every region’s cultural heritage and can be transferred to the next generation. Moreover, Amaranthus is a multipurpose plant that has been identified as a traditional edible vegetable endowed with nutritional value, besides its fodder, medicinal, nutraceutical, industrial, and ornamental potentials. In recent decade Amaranthus has received increased research interest. Despite its endowment, there is a dearth of awareness of its numerous potential benefits hence, it is being underutilized. Suitable cultivation systems, innovative Citation: Ruth, O.N.; Unathi, K.; processing, and value-adding techniques to promote its utilization are scarce. However, a food-based Nomali, N.; Chinsamy, M. approach has been suggested as a sustainable measure that tackles food-related problem, especially Underutilization Versus in harsh weather. Thus, in this review, a literature search for updated progress and potential Nutritional-Nutraceutical Potential of uses of Amaranthus from online databases of peer-reviewed articles and books was conducted. -
Qualitative Composition of Amaranth Plants Depending on the Altitude Zone of Mountains and Foothills by Bekuzarova S
Global Journal of Science Frontier Research: D Agriculture and Veterinary Volume 20 Issue 2 Version 1.0 Year 2020 Type: Double Blind Peer Reviewed International Research Journal Publisher: Global Journals Online ISSN: 2249-4626 & Print ISSN: 0975-5896 Qualitative Composition of Amaranth Plants Depending on the Altitude Zone of Mountains and Foothills By Bekuzarova S. A., Kuznetsov, I. Yu. & Dzampaeva M. V. Gorsky State Agrarian University Abstract- Amaranth is a multifunctional culture that surpasses many others by the amount of high-grade protein, vitamins, macro- and microelements from a unit of sown area. Amaranth grains (mature seeds) contain 14-18% of protein, up to 8% of oil, about 7% of N-free extractives and up to 4% of ash. It is used as dietary cereal, for the production of baby food, medical products, in the bakery and confectionery industries, as well as in feed production. Amaranth protein in its amino-acid composition approaches the ideal protein. Amaranth protein concentrates are not inferior to soy ones. Leaves of amaranth of vegetable cultivars are used for preparing salads, soups, fried, baked, boiled and dried food products. The green mass of amaranth is a valuable feed for pigs, cattle and other animals rich in proteins and vitamins. Keywords: altitudinal zonation, highlands, foothills, photosynthesis, foliage, quality. GJSFR-D Classification: FOR Code: 070199 QualitativeCompositionofAmaranthPlantsDependingontheAltitudeZoneofMountainsandFoothills Strictly as per the compliance and regulations of: © 2020. Bekuzarova S. A., Kuznetsov, I. Yu. & Dzampaeva M. V. This is a research/review paper, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), permitting all non commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. -
ISTA List of Stabilized Plant Names 7Th Edition
ISTA List of Stabilized Plant Names th 7 Edition ISTA Nomenclature Committee Chair: Dr. M. Schori Published by All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be The Internation Seed Testing Association (ISTA) reproduced, stored in any retrieval system or transmitted Zürichstr. 50, CH-8303 Bassersdorf, Switzerland in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior ©2020 International Seed Testing Association (ISTA) permission in writing from ISTA. ISBN 978-3-906549-77-4 ISTA List of Stabilized Plant Names 1st Edition 1966 ISTA Nomenclature Committee Chair: Prof P. A. Linehan 2nd Edition 1983 ISTA Nomenclature Committee Chair: Dr. H. Pirson 3rd Edition 1988 ISTA Nomenclature Committee Chair: Dr. W. A. Brandenburg 4th Edition 2001 ISTA Nomenclature Committee Chair: Dr. J. H. Wiersema 5th Edition 2007 ISTA Nomenclature Committee Chair: Dr. J. H. Wiersema 6th Edition 2013 ISTA Nomenclature Committee Chair: Dr. J. H. Wiersema 7th Edition 2019 ISTA Nomenclature Committee Chair: Dr. M. Schori 2 7th Edition ISTA List of Stabilized Plant Names Content Preface .......................................................................................................................................................... 4 Acknowledgements ....................................................................................................................................... 6 Symbols and Abbreviations .......................................................................................................................... -
Productive and Qualitative Traits of Amaranthus Cruentus L.: an Unconventional Healthy Ingredient in Animal Feed
animals Article Productive and Qualitative Traits of Amaranthus Cruentus L.: An Unconventional Healthy Ingredient in Animal Feed Fabio Gresta 1, Giorgia Meineri 2, Marianna Oteri 3, Carmelo Santonoceto 4, Vittorio Lo Presti 1, Annalisa Costale 5 and Biagina Chiofalo 1,* 1 Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy; [email protected] (F.G.); [email protected] (V.L.P.) 2 Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy; [email protected] 3 Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy; [email protected] 4 Department AGRARIA, University Mediterranea of Reggio Calabria, 89124 Reggio Calabria, Italy; [email protected] 5 Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, 10125 Torino, Italy; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +39-09-0676-6833 Received: 28 July 2020; Accepted: 12 August 2020; Published: 14 August 2020 Simple Summary: Amaranthus cruentus (red amaranth) can be considered a very interesting crop for its high nutritional and functional value. In this study, agronomic traits, oil content, fatty acid composition, quality indices, antioxidant activity, and total phenolic compounds were studied on eight A. cruentus accessions grown in Southern Italy. Data showed a valuable seed yield (0.27 kg/m2, on average) comparable to the main cereals used for animal feeding, a higher oil content compared to that of conventional cereals such as maize with a fatty acid profile composed approximately for the 60% of unsaturated fatty acids, and a valuable antioxidant potential and phenolic compounds that are far superior to corn and wheat. -
(Amaranthaceae). 4
40 (1): (2016) 61-68 Original Scientific Paper Nomenclatural survey of the genus Amaranthus (Amaranthaceae). 4. Detailed questions arising around the name Amaranthus gracilis Duilio Iamonico Laboratory of Phytogeography and Applied Geobotany, Department PDTA, Section Environment and Landscape, Sapienza University of Rome, Postal Code 00196 Rome, Italy ABSTRACT: The present article represents the fourth contribution of a series whose final aim is to gain an understanding of the complicated nomenclature of the genus Amaranthus. The investigation deals with the need to establish the identity of Amaranthus gracilis and related names. On the basis of extensive analysis of the literature, examination of herbarium specimens and field surveys, light has been thrown on a number of complex nomenclatural questions. Amaranthus gracilis is published as a nomen novum for Chenopodium caudatum. According to a recent paper C. caudatum cannot be considered either a member of Chenopodiaceae or an Amaranthus species and is proposed as a nomen rejectendum. Desfontaines’ misinterpretation has never been discussed in depth, and most authors associated A. gracilis with A. viridis. Analysis of the literature has revealed several misapplications. The combinations Euxolus caudatus and Albersia caudata are pro parte synonyms of A. viridis, as are Moquin’s new Euxolus caudatus var. gracilis (lectotype here designated, specimen deposited at P) and the combination Euxolus caudatus var. maximus. The basionym Amaranthus maximus (lectotype here designated, specimen at BM) is a heterotypic synonym of A. caudatus. On the basis of the results obtained, it can be concluded that Amaranthus gracilis has the same type as Ch. caudatum and, if the proposed rejection of this latter name is accepted, then Desfontaines’ name should be rejected too, according to Art. -
Sommaire Du CHAPITRE 1 L'origine De L'agriculture
Sommaire du CHAPITRE 1 L'origine de l'agriculture Origine de l’agriculture. 2 Quelques concepts et terminologie . 5 Historique des recherches sur l'origine de l'agriculture et l'évolution des plantes cultivées . 6 Centre A1 (Moyen-Orient; croissant fertile) . 12 Le développement agricole en Amérique. 15 Centre C1 centre méso-américain ; Mexique central . 16 Non-centre C2 ou centre sud-américain du plateau andéen . 19 Centre B1 ou Centre Chinois . 24 Le non-centre africain A2 - Centre d'agriculture africaine indigène . 26 Le non-centre du sud-est asiatique (B2) . 27 Centre nord-américain . 29 Quelques exceptions: Trois plantes d'importance alimentaire dont la domestication n'est pas reliée à un centre d'origine précis . 31 HYPOTHESES sur les causes de l’origine du développement agricole: passage de la période du paléolithique au néolithique circa. 10 000 A.P. 31 Références . 35 ANNEXE 1 La Méthode de datation du C1. 37 La microscopie électronique à balayage . 39 Références de l’annexe 1 . 40 - 1 - CHAPITRE 1 L'origine de l'agriculture ’Homme social a commencé sa lente évolution sur la terre il y a déjà plus de 4,5 millions d'années, si l'on Laccepte que les hominidés de l'Afrique de l'Est étaient socialement mieux structurés et plus orga-nisés dans leur quête de nourriture que les singes. Certains anthropologues sont plus restrictifs dans leurs critères et pla- cent l'Homme social à une date plus récente, il y a environ 2,5 millions d'années, quand Homo habilis a dévelop- pé un langage structuré conditionné par des modifications de la structure du larynx. -
Chenopodium Quinoa)
Faculty of Natural Resources and Agricultural Sciences Department of Food Science Development and studies on a gluten free, liquid suspension based on quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) Utveckling och studier på en glutenfri, flytande blandning baserad på quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) Christine Thuresson Agronomy Program - Food Science Independent Project in Food Science• Master Thesis • 30 hec • Advanced A2E Publikation/Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet, Institutionen för livsmedelsvetenskap, no 427 Uppsala, 2015 Development and studies on a gluten free, liquid suspension based on quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) Utveckling och studier på en glutenfri, flytande blandning baserad på quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) Christine Thuresson Supervisor: Olof Böök, Aventure AB Assistant Supervisor: Roger Andersson, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Food Science Examiner: Lena Dimberg, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Food Science Credits: 30 hec Level: Advanced A2E Course title: Independent Project in Food Science – Master Thesis Course code: EX0425 Programme/education: Agronomy in Food Science Place of publication: Uppsala Year of publication: 2015 Cover picture: Photo by Christine Thuresson Title of series: Publikation/Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet, Institutionen för livsmedelsvetenskap Serie no: 427 Online publication: http://stud.epsilon.slu.se Keywords: Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa), cañahua (Chenopodium pallidicaule) plant-based beverage, α-amylase, β-amylase Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Faculty of Natural Resources and Agricultural Sciences Department of Food Science Abstract The aim of this project was to develop and make studies on a liquid suspension based on quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa). Quinoa is an Andean pseudo-cereal from South America that is considered to be gluten free. A screening was set up to standardize the method for making a beverage. -
Chenopodium Quinoa Willd.) and Qañawa (Chenopodium Pallidicaule Aellen) in the Context of Climate Change in the High Andes
Cien. Inv. Agr. 46(2):113-124. 2019 www.rcia.uc.cl ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECOLOGY DOI 10.7764/rcia.v46i2.2146 RESEARCH PAPER Improvement of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) and Qañawa (Chenopodium pallidicaule Aellen) in the context of climate change in the high Andes Alejandro Bonifacio Fundación PROINPA, La Paz, Bolivia. Abstract A. Bonifacio. Improvement of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) and Qañawa (Chenopodium pallidicaule Aellen) in the context of climate change in the high Andes. Cien. Inv. Agr. 46(2): 113-124. Quinoa and qañawa are the only native crops that produce food grain in the high Andes. The improvement of quinoa has been addressed by government institutions, universities and NGOs, obtaining improved varieties. However, qañawa has received little or no attention in the development of varieties, and only native varieties and revalued varieties exist. The native and improved varieties of quinoa have contributed to food production for rural families and for export, generating significant economic income. In recent decades, the production of these grains has been negatively affected by the effects of climate change. In the high Andes, climatic variability, together with climate change, disturbs the regime of climatic factors, with evident changes represented by drought, frost, hail and wind. The objective of this paper is to describe the context of climate change, review the progress in the improvement of quinoa and qañawa and propose adjustments to improve production methods in the high Andes. The genetic methods and materials used in the improvement of quinoa have allowed varieties with prioritized characters to be obtained in the last decades, and these varieties have met and continue to fulfill their roles in food production and income generation for producers. -
Third-Year Review Documentation
Peter J. Maughan Brigham Young University | Department of Plant and Wildlife Sciences 5144 LSB, Provo, Utah, 84602 | Brigham Young University http://lifesciences.byu.edu/~pjm43 http://orphanedcrops.byu.edu/ : [email protected] : (801) 422-8698 Time Allocation: Teaching + Citizenship 60%, Research 40% SHORT BIOGRAPHY Dr. Maughan is a Professor of Molecular Genetics at Brigham Young University (BYU). He received his Ph.D. from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. Prior to coming to BYU, Dr. Maughan was the Director of the North American Genotyping for the Monsanto Company, a worldwide leader in agricultural biotechnology. He has an established research program with funding from numerous sources, including NSF, USDA, World Bank, and the McKnight Foundation. He has published > 75 refereed research articles and book chapters and serves as an International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) missions expert for food, agriculture and biotechnology and as an associate editor for the Botanical Society of America’s Applications in Plant Sciences. He was awarded the Thomas L. Martin Professorship, the Karl G. Maeser Research Research & Creative Arts award, the John A. Widtsoe University Fellowship as well as the College of Life Science’s Excellence in Research Award in recognition of his research that enhances the quality of life and contributes to the solution of pressing world problem. His research is primarily focused on the development of genomic tools for accelerated breeding of orphaned crops (quinoa, amaranth, etc.). These plant species are important for regional food security in several areas of modern Latin America and have recently received substantial attention as alternative food crops, especially in light of their nutritional value and tolerance to drought and salinity stress. -
Grain Amaranths Amaranthus Spp. (Amaranthaceae)
Grain Amaranths Amaranthus spp. (Amaranthaceae) Klaus Ammann and Jonathan Gressel Manuscript 17. October 2007 Introduction Amaranthus could be a valuable alternative crop due to its high nutritional content, the many desirable traits expressed by the grain amaranths – and the unexplored potential of the wild relatives. Unlike the traditional monocot grains, the grain amaranths possess lysine in nutritionally significant levels. In addition, specific varieties of grain amaranths tolerate drought and heat, and, as a result, lessen the demand for costly irrigation. Peruvian varieties of Amaranthus caudatus have are known for their resistance to damping off and to root rot. Based upon phylogenecic studies (Lanoue et al., 1996) a number of wild species closely related to cultivated Amaranths should be explored for breeding purposes: Amaranthus floridanus and A. pumilus for salt tolerance, A. powellii and A. fimbriatus for drought resistance, and A. hybridus , A. quitensis, and A. retroflexus for pest, viral and bacterial resistance. Not only would these wild species be valuable for breeding with the cultivated Amaranths, but they would also be favourable target species to explore useful genes for other crop traits. Origin and use Amaranths have a long tradition in the New World, where they have been grown as pseudo- cereals by pre-Columbian civilizations on thousands of hectares. In Mesoamerica, amaranth developed as an important ritual and cash crop. They were grown as the principal grain crop by the Aztecs 5,000 to 7,000 years ago, until to the disruption of their culture(s) by the Spanish Conquistadors. The reasons of this decline is still unclear, since the Aztecs relied on the amaranths as an important staple.