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Kamal Ben Younis Auther N
Artical Name : Vision from Within Artical Subject : Where is Tunisia Heading? Publish Date: 21/01/2018 Auther Name: Kamal Ben Younis Subject : Tunisian authorities managed to deal with the protests, which erupted in a number of cities and poor neighborhoods in the capital, after ³government announced an increase in value-added tax and social contributions in the budget.´However, the calm situation may be temporary if the authorities do not succeed in finding radical solutions to the problems, which angered youths. Those youth for seven years now have been threatening of a ³new revolution´that topples the new political elite whom they accuse of failing to achieve the main goals of their revolution which developed in January 2011.So where is Tunisia heading seven years after President Zine El Abidine Ben Ali was toppled? Will the parties which triggered these new confrontations with the security forces succeed in launching what they call ³a second revolution´"Or will the opposite happen? Will the current political regime witness any substantial changes especially that it has been internationally supported for several reasons including that many western countries bet on the success of the ³Tunisian exception in transitioning towards democracy?´Separation from YouthsSome of those who oppose the government, mainly the opposition leaders of leftist, nationalist and Baathist groups that are involved in the Popular Front, which is led by Hamma Hammami and Ziad Lakhdhar, think that the increased protests against the governments, which have governed since January 2011, is proof that they cannot achieve the revolution¶s aims regarding jobs, dignity. That is because the government cannot liberate its measures from the International Monetary Fund¶s directions and from the agendas of financial lobbies that are involved in corruption, trafficking and imposing a capitalist policy. -
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44 Germany’s Security Assistance to Tunisia: A Boost to Tunisia’s Long-Term Stability and Democracy? Anna Stahl, Jana Treffler IEMed. European Institute of the Mediterranean Consortium formed by: Board of Trustees - Business Council: Corporate Sponsors Partner Institutions Papers IE Med. Publication : European Institute of the Mediterranean Editorial Coordinator: Aleksandra Chmielewska Proof-reading: Neil Charlton Layout: Núria Esparza Print ISSN: 2565-2419 Digital ISSN: 2565-2427 Legal deposit: B 27451-2019 November 2019 This series of Papers brings together the result of research projects presented at the EuroMeSCo Annual Conference 2018. On the occasion of the EuroMeSCo Annual Conference “Changing Euro-Mediterranean Lenses”, held in Rabat on 12-13 July 2018, distinguished analysts presented indeed their research proposals related to developments in Europe and their impact on how Southern Mediterranean states perceive the EU and engage in Euro-Mediterranean cooperation mechanisms. More precisely, the papers articulated around three main tracks: how strategies and policies of external actors including the European Union impact on Southern Mediterranean countries, how the EU is perceived by the neighbouring states in the light of new European and Euro-Mediterranean dynamics, and what is the state of play of Euro-Mediterranean relations, how to revitalize Euro-Mediterranean relations and overcome spoilers. This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility -
Ennahda's Approach to Tunisia's Constitution
BROOKINGS DOHA CENTER ANALYSIS PAPER Number 10, February 2014 CONVINCE, COERCE, OR COMPROMISE? ENNAHDA’S APPROACH TO TUNISIA’S CONSTITUTION MONICA L. MARKS B ROOKINGS The Brookings Institution is a private non-profit organization. Its mission is to conduct high- quality, independent research and, based on that research, to provide innovative, practical recommendations for policymakers and the public. The conclusions and recommendations of any Brookings publication are solely those of its author(s) and do not reflect the views of the Institution, its management, or its scholars. Copyright © 2014 THE BROOKINGS INSTITUTION 1775 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20036 U.S.A. www.brookings.edu BROOKINGS DOHA CENTER Saha 43, Building 63, West Bay, Doha, Qatar www.brookings.edu/doha TABLE OF C ONN T E T S I. Executive Summary ............................................................................................................1 II. Introduction ......................................................................................................................3 III. Diverging Assessments .................................................................................................4 IV. Ennahda as an “Army?” ..............................................................................................8 V. Ennahda’s Introspection .................................................................................................11 VI. Challenges of Transition ................................................................................................13 -
Tunisia 2019 Human Rights Report
TUNISIA 2019 HUMAN RIGHTS REPORT EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Tunisia is a constitutional republic with a multiparty, unicameral parliamentary system and a president with powers specified in the constitution. During the year the country held parliamentary and presidential elections in the first transition of power since its first democratic elections in 2014. On October 6, the country held open and competitive parliamentary elections that resulted in the Nahda Party winning a plurality of the votes, granting the party the opportunity to form a new government. President Kais Saied, an independent candidate without a political party, came to office on October 23 after winning the country’s second democratic presidential elections. On July 25, President Caid Essebsi died of natural causes and power transferred to Speaker of Parliament Mohamed Ennaceur as acting president for the three months prior to the election of President Saied on October 13. The Ministry of Interior holds legal authority and responsibility for law enforcement. The ministry oversees the National Police, which has primary responsibility for law enforcement in the major cities, and the National Guard (gendarmerie), which oversees border security and patrols smaller towns and rural areas. Civilian authorities maintained effective control over the security forces. Significant human rights issues included reports of unlawful or arbitrary killings, primarily by terrorist groups; allegations of torture by government agents, which reportedly decreased during the year; arbitrary arrests and detentions of suspects under antiterrorism or emergency laws; undue restrictions on freedom of expression and the press, including criminalization of libel; corruption, although the government took steps to combat it; societal violence and threats of violence targeting lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and intersex (LGBTI) persons; and criminalization of consensual same-sex sexual conduct that resulted in arrests and abuse by security forces. -
Policy Notes for the Trump Notes Administration the Washington Institute for Near East Policy ■ 2018 ■ Pn55
TRANSITION 2017 POLICYPOLICY NOTES FOR THE TRUMP NOTES ADMINISTRATION THE WASHINGTON INSTITUTE FOR NEAR EAST POLICY ■ 2018 ■ PN55 TUNISIAN FOREIGN FIGHTERS IN IRAQ AND SYRIA AARON Y. ZELIN Tunisia should really open its embassy in Raqqa, not Damascus. That’s where its people are. —ABU KHALED, AN ISLAMIC STATE SPY1 THE PAST FEW YEARS have seen rising interest in foreign fighting as a general phenomenon and in fighters joining jihadist groups in particular. Tunisians figure disproportionately among the foreign jihadist cohort, yet their ubiquity is somewhat confounding. Why Tunisians? This study aims to bring clarity to this question by examining Tunisia’s foreign fighter networks mobilized to Syria and Iraq since 2011, when insurgencies shook those two countries amid the broader Arab Spring uprisings. ©2018 THE WASHINGTON INSTITUTE FOR NEAR EAST POLICY. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. THE WASHINGTON INSTITUTE FOR NEAR EAST POLICY ■ NO. 30 ■ JANUARY 2017 AARON Y. ZELIN Along with seeking to determine what motivated Evolution of Tunisian Participation these individuals, it endeavors to reconcile estimated in the Iraq Jihad numbers of Tunisians who actually traveled, who were killed in theater, and who returned home. The find- Although the involvement of Tunisians in foreign jihad ings are based on a wide range of sources in multiple campaigns predates the 2003 Iraq war, that conflict languages as well as data sets created by the author inspired a new generation of recruits whose effects since 2011. Another way of framing the discussion will lasted into the aftermath of the Tunisian revolution. center on Tunisians who participated in the jihad fol- These individuals fought in groups such as Abu Musab lowing the 2003 U.S. -
Cdl(2015)026*
Strasbourg, 2 June 2015 CDL(2015)026* Engl. only EUROPEAN COMMISSION FOR DEMOCRACY THROUGH LAW (VENICE COMMISSION) PRESIDENT’S ACTIVITIES from 10 March to 12 May 2015 *This document has been classified restricted on the date of issue. Unless the Venice Commission decides otherwise, it will be declassified a year after its issue according to the rules set up in Resolution CM/Res(2001)6 on access to Council of Europe documents. This document will not be distributed at the meeting. Please bring this copy. www.venice.coe.int CDL(2015)026 - 2 - 10 March 2015 – Tunis - Official visit to Tunisia with the new Authorities formed after the 2014 legislative and presidential elections, to discuss co-operation with the Venice Commission for the implementation of new Tunisian Constitution. - Meetings with Mr Beji Caid Essebsi, President of Tunisia, Mr Mohamed Ennaceur, President of the People Representatives Assembly, Mr Mohamed Salah Ben Aissa, Minister of Justice, Mr Kamel Jendoubi, Minister in charge of the relations with the Constitutional Institutions and the Civil Society, Mr Khaled Ayari, President of the Cassation Court and of the Body in charge of Constitutional Review, Mr Chafik Sarsar, Chairman of the High Independent Authority for the elections. - Subjects for future co-operation: establishment of the High Council of the Judiciary and of the Constitutional Court, electoral law and political parties. 12 March 2015 – Lisbon - Exchange of views with the Board of Management of Eurimages on the Venice Commission’s experience as an Enlarged Agreement and co-operation with non-European States. 16 March 2015 – Paris - Working lunch with Ms Kristyna Zelienkova, Rapporteur to the Political Affairs Committee of the Parliamentary Assembly to the Council of Europe, on the political consequences of the crisis in Ukraine. -
Greening the Agriculture System: Morocco's Political Failure In
Greening the Agriculture System: Morocco’s Political Failure in Building a Sustainable Model for Development By Jihane Benamar Mentored by Dr. Harry Verhoeven A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Award of Honors in International Politics, Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service, Georgetown University, Spring 2018. CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................ 2 • THE MOROCCAN PUZZLE .................................................................................................... 5 • WHY IS AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT IMPORTANT FOR MOROCCO? .............................. 7 • WHY THE PLAN MAROC VERT? .......................................................................................... 8 METHODOLOGY ................................................................................................................... 11 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW ................................................................................................ 13 • A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK FOR “DEVELOPMENT”....................................................... 14 • ROSTOW, STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT PROGRAMS (SAPS) & THE OLD DEVELOPMENT DISCOURSE ......................................................................................................................... 19 • THE ROLE OF AGRICULTURE IN DEVELOPMENT .............................................................. 24 • SUSTAINABILITY AND THE DISCOURSE ON DEVELOPMENT & AGRICULTURE ................ -
World Bank Document
The World Bank Report No: ISR13290 Implementation Status & Results Tunisia TN-Urban Water Supply (P064836) Operation Name: TN-Urban Water Supply (P064836) Project Stage: Implementation Seq.No: 15 Status: ARCHIVED Archive Date: 05-Jan-2014 Country: Tunisia Approval FY: 2006 Public Disclosure Authorized Product Line:IBRD/IDA Region: MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA Lending Instrument: Specific Investment Loan Implementing Agency(ies): Key Dates Board Approval Date 17-Nov-2005 Original Closing Date 30-Jun-2012 Planned Mid Term Review Date 21-Jan-2011 Last Archived ISR Date 02-Jul-2013 Public Disclosure Copy Effectiveness Date 21-Mar-2006 Revised Closing Date 30-Apr-2014 Actual Mid Term Review Date 15-Apr-2011 Project Development Objectives Project Development Objective (from Project Appraisal Document) The Project development objectives are to: - Sustain the reliability and quality of water service in Greater Tunis and selected urban centers, through augmentation, upgrade and renewal of water supply infrastructure. - Enhance the competitiveness and sustainability of SONEDE operations, through modernization of management practices and information systems, for better cost control, enhanced revenue and more responsive customer service. Has the Project Development Objective been changed since Board Approval of the Project? Public Disclosure Authorized Yes No Component(s) Component Name Component Cost 1. Greater Tunis Infrastructure 25.86 2. Urban Centers Infrastructure 9.11 3a. Corporate Plan & Organizational Audit 0.48 3b. Financial Model 0.22 3c. Customer Service Information System 2.64 3d. Human Resources Mgt System 0.53 1. Greater Tunis Infrastructure 25.86 Public Disclosure Authorized 2. Urban Centers Infrastructure 9.11 3a. Corporate Plan & Organizational Audit 0.48 3b. -
The Impact of Domestic Investment in the Industrial Sector on Economic Growth with Partial Openness: Evidence from Tunisia
Munich Personal RePEc Archive The Impact of Domestic Investment in the Industrial Sector on Economic Growth with Partial Openness: Evidence from Tunisia Bakari, Sayef and Mabrouki, Mohamed and elmakki, asma LIEI, Faculty of Economic Sciences and Management of Tunis (FSEGT), University Of Tunis El Manar, Tunisia. August 2017 Online at https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/81039/ MPRA Paper No. 81039, posted 31 Aug 2017 07:53 UTC The Impact of Domestic Investment in the Industrial Sector on Economic Growth with Partial Openness: Evidence from Tunisia Sayef Bakari PhD Student, Department of Economics Science, LIEI, Faculty of Economic Sciences and Management of Tunis (FSEGT), University Of Tunis El Manar, Tunisia. Email: [email protected] Mohamed Mabrouki Associate Professor of Economic, Higher Institute of Companies Administration University of Gafsa, Tunisia, Email: [email protected] Asma Elmakki Department of Economics Science, Higher Institute of Companies Administration University of Gafsa, Tunisia. Email: [email protected] Abstract: This paper investigates the relationship between industrial domestic investment and economic growth in Tunisia. In order to achieve this purpose, annual data for the periods between 1969 and 2015 were tested using the Johansen co-integration analysis of VECM and the Granger- Causality tests. According to the result of the analysis, it was determined that there is a negative relationship between industrial domestic investment and economic growth in the long run term. Otherwise, and on the basis of the results of the Granger causality test, we noted a unidirectional causal relationship from economic growth to industrial domestic investment in the short term. These results provide evidence that domestic investment in industrial sector, thus, are not seen as the source of economic growth in Tunisia during this large period and suffer a lot of problems and poor economic strategy. -
Understanding Social Democracy
1 Understanding Social Democracy By Sheri Berman Associate Professor of Political Science Barnard College Columbia University 3009 Broadway New York, NY 10027-6598 (212) 854-2158 2 For the first half of the twentieth century, Europe was the most turbulent region on earth, convulsed by war, economic crisis, and social and political conflict. For the second half of the century, it was among the most placid, a study in harmony and prosperity. What changed? Two narratives commonly emerge in answer to this question. The first focuses on the struggle between democracy and its alternatives, pitting liberalism against fascism, National Socialism, and Marxist-Leninism. The second focuses on competition between capitalism and its alternatives, pitting liberals against socialists and communists. Democratic capitalism is simply the best, indeed the “natural” form of societal organization, these stories assert, and once Western Europe fully embraced it, all was well. This account obviously contains some truth: the century did witness a struggle between democracy and its enemies and the market and its alternatives. But it is only a partial truth, because it overlooks a crucial point: democracy and capitalism were historically at odds. An indispensable element of their joint victory, therefore, was the discovery of some way for them to coexist. In practice, that turned out to mean a willingness to use political power to protect citizens from the ravages of untrammeled markets. The ideology that triumphed was not liberalism, as the “End of History” folks would have it, it was social democracy. If this sounds surprising or overblown it is because social democracy rarely gets either the respect or in-depth ideological analysis it deserves. -
Tunisian Human Rights League Report on the Freedom Of
Tunisian Human Rights League The Press: A Disaster Victim Report on the Freedom of Information in Tunisia May 2003 PREAMBLE On the occasion of the international day of the press freedom, the Tunisian League for the Human Rights Defence puts at the hand of the public opinion this report about information and press freedom in Tunisia after it issued in 1999 under the title of “Press freedom in Tunisia” a complete study relevant to the press reality in Tunisia. The League insisted in its report, articles and activities on its interest in the press reality In Tunisia because this area knew a serious decline during the last years, which let the Tunisian citizens abandon it and appeal to the foreign press, since the Union is aware that the press is the reflective mirror of any progress that the country is likely to record and since It also realized that the freedom of expression is the way to issue general freedoms. This report focused on clinging to the recorded events and happenings that the last century had known and which show by themselves the decline that this field has known through hamper and pressure on journalists as well as the excessive similitude made between all mass media, which led to a national agreement about requiring the improvement of this field. This report is not limited to the various harms which affected the journalists and newspapers resulting from the authority control, but this report concerns every citizen who tries to put his rights of expression into practice mainly through the internet, but who also faced arrest and trial. -
Attractions) with Respect to What Is Lacking, and What the Tourist Desires
b- Editions Kahia Tunis - Grafica Roma published by national office of tourism and societe tunisienne de banque a study of the existing and pc 4 ltential structure of tourism foreword Tourism in Tunisia is growing and has become both an important source of foreign exchange for the economy and source of employment for many towns and villages. The importance of foreign exchange and the potential of tourism has caused the Tunisian Government to devote a great deal of effort toward attracting an increasing number of visitors. It is believed that this industry, as it presently exists, and with development anticipated in the future, constitutes an excellent investment opportunity for American and foreign businessmen. Before further investments are made to accommodate additional tourists, it is essential that the potential market be examined to determine from what geographical area the tourists ori- ginate, their possible mode of transport, why they visit a particular area, what they spend, how long they stay, when they come, and how many visit the country. Once the pattern of the tourist market is known, interested investors can evaluate in detail, the region's resources (attractions) with respect to what is lacking, and what the tourist desires. When this determination is made, the process of creating new facilities should begin. The tourist resources of Tunisia, as described in this report, consist of the beauty of the landscape, the monuments of historic and cultural interest, and the existence of towns that are both attractive and able to furnish facilities for recreation, shopping, etc., while providing the necessary physical elements, viz., water, communications, power, etc., which are basic requirements essential to support hotels and related facilities.