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UNIVERSITY OF MADRAS M.A .DEGREE COURSE IN WOMEN'S STUDIES

CHOICE-BASED CREDIT SYSTEM DEPARTMENT OF WOMEN STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF MADRAS REGULATIONS (With effect from the academic year 2016–17)

1. CONDITIONS FOR ADMISSION

Any Bachelor (Under-graduate) Degree holder of the University of Madras or any other University or a qualification accepted by the Syndicate of this University as equivalent thereto.

2. DURATION OF THE COURSE

The course of the Degree of Master of Arts in Women's Studies shall consist of four semesters over two academic years. Each semester will have a minimum of 90 working days and each day will have five working hours. Teaching is organized into a modular pattern of credit courses. Credit is normally related to the number of instructional hours a teacher teaches a particular subject. It is also related to the number of hours a student spends learning a subject or carrying out an activity.

3. EXAMINATION AND EVALUATION 3.1.Continuous Internal Assessment (CIA)

• Sessional Test I will be conducted during the sixth week of each semester for the syllabus covered till then. • Sessional Test II will be conducted during the eleventh week of each semester for the syllabus covered between the seventh and eleventh week of that semester. • Sessional tests (of one to two hours duration) may employ one or more assessment tools such as assignments and seminars suitable to the subject. Students will be informed in advance about the nature of the assessment and shall have to compulsorily attend the two sessional tests, failing which they will not be allowed to appear for the End-semester examination. • Each Sessional test will carry 40% (20%+20%) of total marks for the subject. The marks of the two Sessional tests shall be taken into account for the computation of Grade. 3.2.End-Semester Examination (ESE)

• End-Semester Examinations will be conducted at the end of each of the four semesters for each subject covering the entire syllabus prescribed for the course. • The examinations will be of three hour duration carrying 60% marks. • The first semester examination will be conducted in the middle of the first academic year and the second semester examination at the end of the first academic year. Similarly, the third semester examination will be conducted in the middle of the second academic year and the fourth semester examination at the end of the second academic year respectively. • A candidate who does not pass an examination in any subject(s) in any semester will be permitted to appear for such failed subject(s) along with the papers of the following semesters. • End-semester examination will be in the form of viva-voce for Internship and Dissertation.

3.3.Allocation of Marks • Continuous Internal Assessment = 40 marks • End-Semester Examination = 60 marks

3.4.End-semester Evaluation Pattern for Internship • Report = 40 marks • Attendance = 20 marks • Viva-voce = 40 marks Total = 100 marks

3.5.End-semester Evaluation Pattern for Dissertation

• Internal = 40 marks • External = 60 marks Total = 100 marks

3.6.Passing Minimum • No passing minimum is stipulated for the Continuous Internal Assessments. • For the End-Semester Examinations, the required minimum aggregate of external and internal marks is 50% for each paper, project work and viva-voce , to pass in that subject. A candidate who has not secured a minimum of 50% marks in a subject shall be deemed to have failed in that subject.

4. ELIGIBILITY FOR THE AWARD OF DEGREE A candidate becomes eligible for the award of the degree of M.A. Degree in Women's Studies subject to the fulfillment of the following conditions: • Completes the Post-graduate course of study in Women's Studies offered by the Department of Women Studies over the period of four semesters (that is, two years full-time) and has earned 91 credits. • Passes all the theory examinations, completes the internship and prescribed projects. • Completes four courses on Soft Skills, earning a total of eight credits over the period of two years (that is, one course earning two credits per semester). • Meets all other requirements as prescribed by the Board of Studies in Women's Studies of the University of Madras at the time of admission and the amendments included in the regulations by the Board of Studies in Women's Studies and the Academic Council from time to time.

5. COURSE OF STUDY The course of the study for the four semesters shall be as follows: Syllabus

Course Code Title of the Course C/E/S/I Credits

Semester I

Introduction to Feminist Theories C 4

Evolution of Family, Social Structures and C 4 Institutions

Women in Indian Literature and Culture C 4

Women and Wellness C 4

Elective I – Introduction to Women and Gender E 3 Studies

Elective II E 3

Soft Skill I S 2

Semester II

Gender Sensitisation and Resolving Gender C 4 Conflict

Women in Literature, Media and Arts C 4

Gender Based Violence and Laws C 4

Men in C 4

Elective III –Key Concepts and Issues in Gender E 3 Studies

Course Code Title of the Course C/E/S/I Credits

Elective IV E 3

Soft Skill II S 2

Internship I 2

Semester III

Basics of Research Methodology C 4

Gender in Historical and Religious Thought C 4

Gender, Language and Etiquette C 4

Life Narratives of Women in Science C 4

Elective V – Status of Women in Through E 3 the Ages

Elective VI – Preparatory Course in Women's E 3 Studies for Competitive Exams

Soft Skill III S 2

Semester IV

Education, Employment and Empowerment C 4

Dissertation & Viva Voce C 4+4=8

Elective VII – Evolution of Women’s Writing in E 3 India

Soft Skill IV S 2

Total Credits 91

Semester I Core I – Introduction to Feminist Theories Unit I- Overview of Classical Theories Background to feminism/s - Marxism/ Socialism - Psychoanalytic theory - Postcolonial theory – Post-modernism - Eco-criticism Unit II- Waves and Schools of Feminism First, second and third waves of feminism - - Liberal/ - Marxist / - Psychoanalytic approach to feminism - Care focused approach to feminism - - / , Third world feminism - Eco feminism/ Gender and development Unit III- Women’s/ Gender Terms and Concepts - Gender Roles - - Performing Gender – Intersectionality – Positionality – Perspectives – Stereotyping - Feminism and Feminazism - Feminization of Poverty - Five Sexes - The Other – Agency – Empowerment - Gender Continuum – LGBT Unit IV- Structural and Philosophical Background to Feminist ideologies Moral theory - Normative theory – Vulnerability - Human Rights - Equality and Equity - and Development from Gender Perspective Unit V- Limitations and Scope of the existing body of Feminist theories and ideologies Feminist Ideologies – Mainstream feminism, feminism from the margins, , black feminism, Indian feminism – Importance of interdisciplinary/ multidisciplinary approach to feminism – Limitations and scope for research using perspectives of feminism References: Cixous, Helene. 1981.“The Laugh of the Medusa” in New French , Ed. Elaine Marks & Isabella Courtviron. New York: Schocken Books. DeBeauvoir, Simone. 1961. The Second Sex. New York: Bantam. Friedan, Betty. 1963. The Feminine Mystique. USA: W W Norton & Co. Hughes, Christiana. 2002. Key Concepts in and Research. London: Sage. Millet, Kate. 1970. Sexual Politics. USA: Doubleday & Co. Putnam Tong, Rosemarie. 2013. Feminist Thought: A More Comprehensive Introduction. Westview. Showalter, Elaine. 1979. Towards a Feminist Poetics. Warhol- Down, Robyn & Diane Price-Herndel. 1997. Feminisms: An Anthology of Literary Theory and Criticism. New Jersey: Rutgers University Press.

Core II – Evolution of Family, Social Structures and Institutions Unit I – Roles of Women in Family and Society Archeology of the evolution of women’s role - Gender roles in the domestic sphere - Kitchen space feminism - Gender roles in the social sphere - and Matrilineal societies Unit II – Feminist Schools of Thought Background to Material feminism - Women’s labour and wages within various structures of the society - Gender and class conflicts in society - Urban/ Rural/ Margin conflicts within feminism Unit III – Women/ Gender within the Private and Public Spheres Being the ‘Other’ - Spaces - Personal/ Private and Intimate space/ Domestic space of a woman - Social politics – Class, Caste, Race, Urban/Rural Politics - Institutional politics – Gender roles within private spheres – Social/Civic code and conduct Unit IV – Role Playing and Performativity Gender roles and Normative Theory - ‘Being’ and ‘Doing’ - Self empowerment and Agency - Appropriating the Gender – The Politics and Ethics of it - Culture-Specific Societal, Familial and Institutional norms and conditions Unit V – Anthropological Enquiry of Gender Roles for Development Socio-cultural Practices such as Dowry, Female Infanticide, Foeticide, Abortion, Sex selective abortion, etc - Overcoming Gender Biases and Gender Restrictions - Importance of Women’s roles for Development within the domestic and social spheres - Gender Based Development - Gender Mainstreaming and Inclusive approach towards Development References: Agarwal, Suresh. 2015. Social Problems in India. New Delhi: Rajat Publications. Daly, Mary. Beyond God the Father. Mitchell, J. 1975. Women in a Man Made World. Chicago: Rand McNally & Co. Scott, John (ed). 2006. Sociology: The Key Concepts. New York: Routledge. Shenoy-Packer, Suchitra. 2014. Society, Socialization and Agency: India’s Working Women and Career Discourses . United Kingdom: Lexington Books.

Core III – Women in Indian Literature and Culture Unit I Early Phase of Women’s Movement in India 19 th Century representation of women - Participation of women in social reform movements - Women’s representation in national freedom movement [Gandhi and Bose’s army] - Women representation in Karachi Congress Resolution, 1931 - Participation in left organisations

Unit II Women in Post- Feminism in modern India - women and the question of double marginality - Women’s participation in public sphere - Caste system and challenges to feminism Unit III Socio-economic Conditions Influencing Cultural Representation of Women Women’s liberation pre- and post-independence in society - Privileged women due to caste system and financial status - Micro finance revolution and economic empowerment - Working class women, labour laws and wages - Gender division of labour Unit IV Role of Women in Representation of women in the - Tamil Nadu Women’s Forum (TNWF) - Women’s movement against violence, foeticide and infanticide – National/ State Commissions for Women - Ministry of Women and Child Development – recent trends Unit V Social Reformers who Redefined Women’s Status in India Raja and Easwar Chandra Vidya Sagar; and Durga Bai; B. R. Ambedkar and Pandita Rama Bai; Bharathiyar and Bharathidasan; E.V. Ramasamy References: Ananta Raman, Sita. 2009. Women in India: A Social and Cultural History -Volume 2 . California: ABC Clio LLC. Arora, Neha. 2015. Society, Culture and Social Change. New Delhi: Rajat Publications. Shinde, Shobha P. 2014. The Social Reform Movement and the Nationalist Movement in the Context of Indian Feminism. New Delhi: Cyber Tech Publication. Spivak, Gayatri Chakraborty. “Can the Subaltern Speak?” Tharu, Susie and K. Lalitha (ed). 1991&1993. Women Writing in India , 2 Vols. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.

Core IV – Women and Wellness Unit I– Physical Health Woman’s Physical composition and the Body image - Reproductive health - Hormonal cycle and its Psycho-somatic implications - Sexual Health - Child birth, Child care, lactation and child care Unit II – Psychological Health Examining Factors determining Psychological conditions of women- Anxiety, Stress, Depression, Hysteria, Sub-psychotic Rage and Frustration, etc. - Socio-cultural and Familial conditioning of Women’s minds – Self Image, Objectification of a Woman, etc Unit III – Women in Sports Physical and Psychological effects of Sports on women - Socio-cultural and economic factors that deter Women’s talent in Sports - Against all the odds- Narratives of Women athletes and Sport Stars – Serena Williams, Saina Nehwal, Sania Mirza, Deepika Palikal, Mary Kom - Gender testing, Drug tests and other issues related to sex determination process in sports – Case studies and News Reports- Pinki Pramanik Unit IV – Disability Issues related to Victimization and Vulnerability of Physically/ mentally challenged Women/Men and Children - Mainstreaming Disabled Women and Children - Disabled Women Communities and Self Help Groups - Physically Challenged Women Care - Protective Schemes and Laws and Grass root Realities Unit V – Geriatrics Women and Ageing - Notion of Beauty myth and Ageing - Changes and conditions associated with Ageing - Physical/ Psychological effects of Ageing in Women - From Menarche to Menopause References: Clarke, Laura Hurd. 2011. Facing Age . United Kingdom: Rowman and Littlefield Publishers. Drinkwater, Barabara, Ed. 2000. Women in Sport. Oxford: Blackwell Science. Pal, Manoranjan, Premananda Bharathi et. al (ed) 2011. Gender Discrimination: Health, Nutritional Status and Role of Women in India. New Delhi: Oxford University Press. Rao, Mohan (ed). 2004. The Unheard Screams: Reproductive Health and Women’s Lives in India. New Delhi: Zubaan. Trevathan, Wenda 2010. Ancient Bodies, Modern Lives: How Evolution has shaped Women’s health . USA: Oxford University Press.

Muhlbauer, Varda and Joan C. Krisler et al (ed). 2015. Women and Aging: An International, Intersectional Power Politics . Switzerland: Springer International Publishing House.

Elective I – Introduction to Women and

Unit I – Introduction – Women’s Studies to Gender Studies Women as individuals, in families and in society – Internalisation of norms - Women’s roles, aspirations and familial/social expectations of women - Multi-disciplinary Methodology for Research - Sex and Gender - Sexualities, Third Gender and Queer community Unit II – Contextualising Women’s Movements History of Women’s Movements – National and International - Three Waves of Feminism - Women in the nexus of caste, class and religion - Key Concepts in Feminism – , Gender Parity, Sexual Orientation, Gender Gap, Gender Coding, Patriarchy Unit III – Women in Personal Sphere Women in family – foeticide, female infanticide, sex selective abortion, domestic violence, gender biases, gender violence, maternal mortality rate / infant mortality rate, property rights, reproductive rights - women’s health and nutrition – social issues - cyber crime -misuse of technology and science

Unit IV – Women in Public and Social Spheres Choice of profession - Women in Managerial position – Glass ceiling – Women in Science - Self, family and societal pressure, decision making, leadership roles -Myths and Misconceptions - Roles expected from women – Stereotyping - Representations in social discourse -- Media/politics/ arts and literature/ sports Unit V – Women’s Empowerment Reservation for women in all spheres – potential and challenges - Women friendly policies and their impact on men - Women specific / centered legislations – legal issues - Laws to prevent gender based violence - National / State pro-women schemes - Educational and Employment schemes References: Kadambari, V. 2009. Gender Studies: A Primer. : RJYND.

Putnam Tong, Rosemarie. 2013. Feminist Thought: A More Comprehensive Introduction. USA: Westview. Russell, Bertrand. 1936. Marriage and Morals . London: Bantam. Smith, Bonnie. 2013. Women’s Studies: The Basics . London: Routledge.

Semester II Core V – Gender Sensitisation and Resolving Gender Conflict Unit I –Gender Studies: Important Terms Sex vs/and Gender; Femininity-masculinity; Gender Analysis-discrimination; Gender inequality-social perspectives; Gender identity-gap in understanding the other; Gender roles- matriarchy-patriarchy Unit II – Social and Personal Roles that Define Gender Types of marriage-multiple roles of women; Sex ratio-life expectancy-how it affects family and society; Male Awareness-women empowerment; Literacy rate-professional equality; Mortality rate-equality in personal sphere Unit III – Understanding Discrimination Differential Perceptions of men and women; Differential Treatment of men and women; Nature of violence, victims and causes of violence; Impact of violence-social and psychological; Discrimination – aggression – violence based on gender and other marginal positions

Unit IV – Overcoming Discrimination Identifying the varieties of discrimination – understanding and contesting stereotypes – interrogating cultural constructs – understanding the intersectional nexus of caste, class and gender – Discrimination of LGBTs and sexual minorities Unit V – Resolving Gender Conflict Understanding the marginal positions – breaking the silence of the subaltern – articulating the double/triple marginalisation – awareness raising and advocacy – affirmative policies and legislations – family courts – victim – offender mediation References: Agarwal, Suresh. 2015. Social Problems in India. New Delhi: Rajat Publications. Deshpande, Ashwini. 2011. The Grammar of Caste: Economic Discrimination in Contemporary India. New Delhi: Oxford University Press. Greer, Germaine. 2006. The Female Eunuch. UK: Harper Collins. Khan, M. E., John W. Townsend and Pertti J Delto (ed) 2014. Sexuality, Gender Roles and Domestic Violence in South Asia. New York: Population Council. Rhode, Deborah L. 2014. What Women Want: An Agenda for the Women’s Movement. New York: Oxford University Press. Sedgwick, Eve. 1990. Epistemology of the Closet. Berkeley: U of California Press. Zimmerman, Bonnie Ed. 2000. Encyclopaedia of Lesbian Histories and Culture. New York: Taylor & Francis.

Core VI – Women in Literature, Media and Arts Unit I – Politics of Representation Dichotomy of Centre and Margin - Homogenizing the Heterogeneous- Factors restraining Mainstreaming of Gender - Representing the Mainstream and the Periphery - Voice and Silence – Unit II – Perspectives in Women’s Writing and Literature on Women and Gender Feminine Ecriture - Women’s Writing in English – International, Indian, Regional (in translation) - Women’s Writing – Third World representations - Common themes in writings by/on Women - Gender in Fairy Tales, Fables and Children’s Literature Unit III – Representation of Women and Gender in Performing Arts Women in Theatre - Classical, Pop and Folk; Women performers in Music - Classical, Pop and Folk; Women performers in Dance - Classical, Pop and Folk

Unit IV- Representation of Women and Gender in Visual Media Women in Paintings and Sculptures - and Representations of Women in Films - Representations of Gender in Video games and Graphic designs - Women communities and Folk arts/ Handicrafts Unit V – Representation of Cultural and Historical Ethos through Women/Gender Shifts in Social, Cultural and Historical Perceptions of the ‘Ideal’ and ‘norm’ – Body image, beauty, roles of a woman and gendering - Racial, ethnic and cross cultural influence on Women’s representations - Representations of Women in Literature - Representations of Women in Visual media- paintings, sculpture and film - Changes in representation of Women and Gender along cultural timeline References: Ananta Raman, Sita. 2009. Women in India: A Social and Cultural History -Volume 2 . California: ABC Clio LLC. Moi, Toril. 1985. Sexual/Textual Politics. London: Methuen. Narayan, Uma. 1997. Dislocating Cultures: Identities, Traditions, and Third World Feminism . New York: Routledge Publishing House. 1997. Rich, Adrienne. Of Woman Born: Motherhood as Experience and Institution. Snelik, Anneke. 1998. And the Mirror Cracked: Feminst Cinema and Film Theory. Hampshire: Macmillan. Walker, Alice. 1983. In Search of Our Mother's Garden. USA: Harcourt. Werner, Sarah. 2001. Shakespeare and Feminist Performance: Ideology on Stage . London: Routledge. Woolf, Virginia. 1929. A Room of One's Own. USA: Harcourt Inc.

Core VII – Gender Based Violence and Laws Unit I – Women as Victims of Social Stereotypes Religious customs and conventions - Socio-political perspectives and crime- - Media influencing social environment of women, democracy and justice for women - Prejudices against women administrators and political leaders - homophobia Unit II – Policies Aiding Women Rights Brief on U.N. World Conference on Women - Universal Declaration of Human Rights, part of women’s rights - Convention on the elimination of all forms of discrimination against women (CEDAW) and its breaches - Declaration on the elimination of violence against women and reaction of the opposite sex - Women’s representation in local bodies and change in perception Unit III – Gender Based Crime Caused by Violation of Equality Political, economic and social sphere - Right to livelihood-right to live with dignity-right against exploitation and various ways its violated - Uniform Civil Code-provision for just and humane conditions of work and maternity relief-is it exercised? - Fundamental rights- Fundamental Duties Article 51A [e] - Equal justice and free legal aid Unit IV -- Laws for Protection of Women against Violence Indian Penal Code – 1860; Dowry Prohibition Act – 1961; Indecent Representation of Women [Prohibition] Act – 1986; Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act – 2005; Industrial Laws: i. Equal Remuneration Act – 1976; ii. Maternity Benefit Act – 1961 Unit V – Laws Relating to Women in Personal Sphere Marriage-marital rape-abortion; Divorce-alimony-custody of child; Maintenance of psychological health in turbulent homes; Adoption-lesbian laws; Succession-property laws- performing rituals References: Gangoli, Geetanjali. 2007. Indian Feminsms: Law, Patriarchy and Violence in India. Hampshire: Ashgate Publishing. Khan, M. E., John W. Townsend and Pertti J Delto (ed) 2014. Sexuality, Gender Roles and Domestic Violence in South Asia. New York: Population Council. Sagar, Rajiv. 2014. International Law in Rape and Sexual Abuse of Women. New Delhi: Cyber Tech Publication. Gupta, K. R. Gender Problems and Policies,. 2013. 2nd Edition. New Delhi: Atlantic Publishing Company.

Core VIII – Unit I- Man-Woman Relationship across Cultures, Religions and Societies Male Dependency and Interchangeability of Man- Woman Dichotomy/ Power Structure; Examining Man-Woman Bonds – Mother-Son, Man-Wife, Father-Daughter, Brother- Sister across cultures and socio-religious conditions; Social/Racial/Cultural and Religious Hierarchies and Stereotyping – White Men/ White Women/ Black Man/ Black Women Unit II- Impact of Feminist Movements on Men Reverse Marginalization - Feminization of Manhood -Demonization of Men- Myths and Misconceptions - Michael Kimmel’s classification of American Feminism - Disempowerment and Exclusion of Men - Male Presence/Absence in Feminism Unit III- Role of Men in International Feminist Movements Mainstreaming/ Integrating Gender and Sexualities – Male advocates for Schools of Feminisms; Pro-feminists, Male Feminists and Men in Feminism – Positioning Men within Feminist schools of thought; Pro-feminist Men in three waves of feminisms, Women’s Suffrage movements and other pro-women liberation movements; Social thinkers and Writers – Sir Henry Maine(British Legal Historian), J S Mill (Advocated the Amendment of Reform Bill), Michael Kimmel (Pro-Feminist American Thinker)

Unit IV- Role of Men in Indian Feminist Movements Indian National Movement and Women’s front ; Men foregrounding Women’s empowerment across the many Social and Political movements in India – Self respect movement of Kerala and Tamil Nadu, Bharatiyar and Bharatidasan’s Vision of “An Empowered Woman” (Pudhumai Penn) – EVR Periyar and the Self-Respect Movement; Social Reform Movements- Rajaram Mohan Roy and the Brahmo Samaj against Sati, Dowry and other social evils in India, B R Ambedkar- Jyotibha Phule, Pandit Ramabai and Tarabai; Indian Visionaries and Philosophers - Rabindranath Tagore and Sarojini Naidu and Aurobindo Ghosh- Mother Mira Unit V- UNO Initiative- He for She – Feminism through Men and Women He for She- Background, Opportunity, Strategy, 3As- Awareness, Advocacy and Action, Impact 10x10x10 and other Features of the Model; Global Champions of Men and Women for Gender Equality and Empowerment of Women; Gender Equality Advocates in Organizations/ Schools and University References: Digby, Tom. Ed. 1998. Men Doing Feminism. New York: Routledge. hooks, bell. 2000. Feminism is for Everybody: Passionate Politics. Cambridge: South End Press. Jardine, Alice & Paul Smith, Ed. 2003. Men in Feminism. New York: Routledge. Mill, J. S. The Subjection of Women www.constitution.org/jsm/women.htm Tarrant, Shira. 2009. Men and Feminism. California: Seal Press.

Elective III – Key Concepts and Issues in Gender Studies Unit I- Socio-Cultural Gender Terms Gender and Sex - Gender Roles and Performativity - Stereotyping and Prejudices - Patriarchy/ Phallo Centrism/ Andro Centrism – Gaze – Spaces - Gender Identity - Bodies in Gender Studies - Feminine Ecriture - Sexualities Unit II- Socio-Political Gender Terms Resistance – Agency - Voice/ Silence – Tokenism - Glass Ceiling – Victimization - Re- presentation – Binaries - Positions and Displacement - Feminism and Feminazism - Herstory Unit III- Socio- Economic Gender Terms Feminization of Poverty - Hegemony- Class/ Caste politics in Feminism - Relative Deprivation – Horizontal and Vertical - Equity and Equality – Resource sharing/ accessing - Commoditization of Women - Women and Labour - Women and Development - Gender Budgeting – Wages - Empowerment

Unit IV- Contemporary Issues – Women’s Rights Moral Policing - Honour Killing - Female Genital Mutilation - Sexual abuse and - Domestic - Marital Rape - Perversion - Masochism - Reproductive Rights - Right to Privacy and Identity Disclosure Unit V- Contemporary Issues – Gender Rights Mainstreaming Transgender - Homophobia and LGBT Issues - Sexual Orientations - Trafficking Trade - Pedophiles and Masochists – Pornography - Sex Slaves - Gender Based Violence - Gender based War crimes - Sex Education in Schools References: Evans, Mary& Carolyn H. Williams (ed). 2015. Gender: The Key Concepts. New York: Routledge. Firestone, Shulamith. 1970. The Dialectic of Sex. USA: William Morrow & Co. Gaag, Nikki Van Der. 2004. The No Nonsense Guide to Women’s Rights. Oxford: New Internationalist. Kadambari, V. 2009. Gender Studies: A Primer. Chennai: RJYND.

Semester III Core IX – Basics of Research Methodology Unit I- Identifying Research Problem Literature Review - Relevant Reading for Topic Ideas- Topic Mapping and Brainstorming- Analysing Existing Research materials and Identifying Research Gap- Group Discussions- Idea sharing- Insights and Perspectives Unit II- Research Plan and Research Design Determining Sample Size - Identifying the appropriate research method - Fixing the Boundaries – SMART objectives- Research Tools- Theoretical framework, Sample Study, Empirical analysis, Ethnographic Enquiry- Conducting the Research and Types of Research- Purpose and Relevance Unit III- Overview of Research Methodologies Introduction to Qualitative Research- Introduction to Quantitative Research - Understanding Mixed Methods for Research in Social Science Unit IV- Documenting Research Findings Data Analysis- Data Interpretation - Report Writing and Presentations- Documentation and Citation Styles - Acknowledging Sources and Awareness on Plagiarism

Unit V- Multi disciplinary and Inter Disciplinary Approaches in Research Feminist Perspective in different Disciplines- Intersectional Analysis – Examining the Intersections of Feminism with other disciplines - Testing the validity of theories from various disciplines within the framework of Feminism- Expanding Scope/ Horizons for other disciplines using Feminist Research Methods References: Baker, Therese L. 2014. Doing Social Research (3 rd Edition). New Delhi: Tata McGraw Hill. Gibaldi, Joseph. MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers. 7th Ed. 2009. New Delhi: East West Press. APA Style Sheet www.apastyle.org IEEE www.ieee.org

Core X – Gender in Historical and Religious Thought Unit I – Women in Ancient Mythologies and Civilizations Women in Greek, Roman and Indian Myths; Women in Indus valley, Mesopotamian and Egyptian Civilizations – The Vedic Woman - Women Goddesses, wish granting Fairies and Angels - Matriarchal and Matrilineal Societies Unit II – Historical Accounts and Narratives of Women Queens, Empresses and Women leaders across History and Culture - Interpreting Historical narratives of Indian Queens – Velu Nachiyar, Rani Laxmi Bai, Rudramadevi - Women in Politics – A timeline across Histories and Cultures Unit III – Women/ Gender in Major Religions of the World Women in Christianity, Islam, Judaism, Hinduism, Jainism, Buddhism and Sikhism- Socio- cultural and Historical archeology of Gender views in Major religions of the World Unit IV – Women/ Gender and Spirituality Gender Boundary erasure in Spirituality - Boundaries of Morality and Spirituality - Women and Gender in the Indian Bhakti Movement Unit V – Women in Philosophy Phallocentricism - Women and Knowledge Production - Women Philosophers and their contributions References: Alcoff, Linda Martin and John D. Caputo (ed). 2011. Feminism, Sexuality and the Return of the Religion . USA: Indiana University Press. Bradley, Tasmin. 2006. Challenging the NGOs: Women, Religion and Western Dialogues in India . New York: Taurus Academic Studies. Greenhout, Ruth E. and Marya Bower (ed). 2003. Philosophy, Feminism and Faith . Bloomington: Indiana University Press. Warren Karen J. 2009. An Unconventional History of Western Philosophy: Conversations between Men and Women Philosophers . Maryland: Rowman and Littlefield.

Core XI – Gender, Language and Etiquette Unit I- Gendering of Language and Gender within Lingual components Gender Signifiers and Signification systems – Gynospaces in Language; Patriarchy and Matriarchy through Language; Gendered Syntactic components- Nouns, Verbs, Adjectives; Androcentric and Gynocentric Axial Points in Language Unit II- Translating Gender, Language and Culture - Language and Feminist Power Positions Re-visioning, Re-visiting and Re-writing from Gender Perspective - Gendering through Proverbs and Popular Phrases - Patriarchy and Male Gaze - Sexualities and Profanity illustrated through use of language - Lingual demarcations of Power Structures Unit III- Historical and Cultural Inquiry into Gender Appropriation through Language Derogation and Glorification - Violence through Language - Positions – Offensive/ Defensive/ Neutral - Suggestion- Overt/Covert - Verbal use/abuse, Curses/ Insults and Swearing and Perversions - Chivalry and Honour - Irony and Paradoxes Unit IV- Ethics and Communication Gender and Sensitivity - Politically correct language - Stereotypes and Gender Prejudices in communication - Communicating Gendered Values - Lenses of family, caste, class, ethnicity and race in communicating Gender roles and positions Unit V- Gender Mainstreaming and Gender Inclusive Communication Inclusion/Exclusion – Voice/Silence; Agency/Assertion and Power politics through Language - Assigning Power values to Positions through Language - Mainstreaming the Margin – Gender sensitivity and Gender Inclusive communication References: Eckert, Penelope and Sally Mc Connell Ginet. 2013. Language and Gender . United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press. Hellinger, Marlis and Hadumod BuBmann. 2003 . Gender Across Languages: The Linguistic Representation of Men and Women, Volume 4. Philadelphia: John Benjamin’s Publishing Company. Robinson, Orrin W. 2010. Grimm Language: Grammar, Gender and Genuineness in the Fairy Tales. Philadelphia: John Benjamin’s Publishing Company. Vitanoa, Gregana. 2010. Authoring the Dialogic Self: Gender, Agency and Language Practices. Philadelphia: John Benjamin’s Publishing Company.

Core XII – Life Narratives of Women in Science Unit I – Women’s Role in 16 th and 17 th Century Scientific Revolution Laura Bassi – first woman to earn a university chair in scientific field; Margaret Cavendish – scientific debates; Maria Winkelmann – astronomer; Maria Sybilla Merian – botanist and entomologist; Maria Gaetana Agnesi – first maths professor at a university and first woman to write a handbook Unit II – 18 th Century Scientific Progress Maria Sybilla Merian, founder of modern botany and Dorothea Erxleben arguing women’s right to join university in her tract; Charlotta Frolich – first historian and woman to be published by Royal Swedish Academy of Science, Eva Ekebald – first to be inducted into the Academy; Marie-Anne Pierrette Paulze –chemist; Lady Mary Wortley Montagu – pioneered smallpox inoculation in England; Caroline Herschel and Margaret Cavendish – first two to be awarded honorary memberships in the Royal Astronomical Society Unit III – 19 th Century Scientific Advances by Women Mary Fairfax Somerville – magnetism; Lady Ada Lovelace – the first computer programme; Florence Nightingale – nursing; Elizabeth Garrett Anderson – first woman medical doctor from Britain, 1865. Garret Anderson founded the first UK medical school for women; Annie Scott Dill Maunder – pioneer of sunspots Unit IV – 20 th Century Landmarks in Science by Women Marie Sklodowska-Curie – Nobel Prize, 1903; Lise Meitner – nuclear fission; Emmy Noether – abstract algebra; Inge Lehmann – seismologist, earth’s inner core; Irene Curie – Npbel Prize in Physics; Dorothy Hodgkin – Bio physics Unit V – Indian Women in Science Muthu Lakshmi Reddy; Shakuntala Devi; Kiran Mazumdar Shaw; Kalpana Chawla References: Ogilvie, Marilyn Bailey. 2004. Marie Curie: A Biography . USA: Greenwood Press. Henrion, Claudia. 1997. Women in Mathematics. Indianapolis: Indiana University Press. Neeley, Catherine. 2001. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Spence, Jean and Sarah Jane et al. 2010. Women Education and Agency 1600-2000 . New York: Routledge Publishing House. Tuana, Nancy. 2011. Feminism and Science. Indianapolis: Indiana University Press.

Elective V – Status of Women in India through the Ages Unit I- Classical Age Shakti Movement- Shaktham Marg, Women in Indian Epics, Women in Documents of Indus Valley Civilization, Vedic Women, Women in Tamil Classical Literature Unit II- Middle Ages Islamic invasions, important cultural and historic events and its impact on Indian Women, Bhakti Movement Unit III-Colonial Age – Role of Women in the National Movement, Women’s Liberation movements, Socio-cultural Reformation and its effects on women Unit IV-Post-Colonial Age – Partition, Migration, Education, Institutions, Re-presentation Unit V- Global Age – Lifestyle choices and preferences, Effects of Scientific and Technological advancements on Women’s Health, Women in Contemporary Cinemas and Television soaps References: Ananta Raman, Sita. 2009. Women in India: A Social and Cultural History -Volume 2 . California: ABC Clio LLC. Kumar, Nita. 2007. The Politics of Gender, Community and Modernity in India: Essays on Education in India. New Delhi: Oxford University Press. Ray, Bharathi. 2004. Women in India: Colonial and Postcolonial Periods. New Delhi: PHISPC publications. Pandey, Seema. 2015. Women in Contemporary Indian Society. New Delhi: Rawat Publishers. Tharu, Susie and K. Lalitha (ed). 1991&1993. Women Writing in India, 2 Vols. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.

Elective VI – Preparatory Course in Women's Studies for Competitive Exams Unit I- Timeline of Women’s Movements – National and International Global Trends - American – European (French Feminism)– Asian – Indian - Third World Unit II- Forerunners in Women’s Movements Historians – Writers – Activists - Social Reformers - Philosophers and Thinkers Unit III- Platforms for Women’s/ Gender Rights Awareness raising – Advocacy - Social Activism - Legal Activism – Non Governmental Organisations – Academics - Mass Media - Community Development (Self Help Groups) – Social Media

Unit IV- National/ International Organizations for Women’s/Gender Rights UN for Women – UNICEF – NFIW – AIWC - Bharatiya Mahila Samkhya - Rashtriya Mahila Samkhya – NCW - Dalit Women Organizations – AIDWA – AUW – NOMAS - Ministry of Women and Child Welfare (India) Unit V- Women/ Gender Issues – National/ International Schemes and Policies NPEW – CEDAW - Mexico Plan - Beijing Platform for Action - International Conference on Race - Women’s International Conference - National and State Schemes for Women – He for She – Women's Rights as Human Rights - Gender Audit/ Gender Budget/ Five Year Plan/Reservation References: Kadambari, V. 2009. Gender Studies: A Primer. Chennai: RJYND. Kumar, Radha. 1993. The History of Doing: An Ilklustrated Account of Movements for Women's Rights and Feminism in India. New York: CUP. Putnam Tong, Rosemarie. 2013. Feminist Thought: A More Comprehensive Introduction. Westview. Smith, Bonnie. 2013. Women’s Studies: The Basics. London: Routledge. Warhol- Down, Robyn & Diane Price-Herndel. 1997. Feminisms: An Anthology of Literary Theory and Criticism. New Jersey: Rutgers University Press

Semester IV Core XIII – Education, Employment and Empowerment Unit I – Chronology of Women’s Education in India Vedic period – post-Vedic period; Modern period – enrolment rate of girl children; Higher education for women; Five Year Plans of Government of India– strategies to implement women’s education in rural areas - Women’s reservation in education sector Unit II – Schemes for Women’s Education The Radha Krishnan Commission (1948-49); Mudaliar Commission (1952-53); Kothari Commission (1964-66); National Policy on Education 1986 modified in 1992; Sarva Shiksha Abhyan – right to education Unit III – Empowerment through Education Formal and non-formal ways to education - National Literacy Mission – literacy campaign - National Adult and Continuing Education - Social development – emotional development – language development - Identity in social sphere – mental health with cognitive development - NPEW

Unit IV – Economic Empowerment Legal provisions - Feminism in global economy - Notions of chastity, seclusion and how it affects career - Sexuality in agriculture – unpaid labour - Traditions, maintaining family honour as strategies to curb financial independence – gender gap Unit V – Feminist Voice in Society Environmental justice and women - Education and employment for women – a step towards gender justice - Trends and patterns of women entrepreneurship – self-employment opportunities - Market, managerial, technical and financial feasibility - Identifying business ideas suitable for women – Augmenting the bargaining power of women References: Haque, T. 2015. Empowerment of Rural Women in Developing Countries: Challenges and Pathways . New Delhi: Concept Publishing Company. Sen, Amartya. Development and Freedom. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2000. Shenoy-Packer, Suchitra. 2014. Society, Socialization and Agency: India’s Working Women and Career Discourses . United Kingdom: Lexington Books. 2014. Shiva, Vandhana. 1988. Staying Alive: Women, Ecology and Survival in India. New Delhi: Kali for Women. 1988. Krishna. Swami (ed). 2007. Women’s Livelihood Rights: Recasting, Citizenship for Development. New Delhi: Sage Publishing House. Ramachandran, Vimala and Kameshwari Jandhyala (ed). 2012. Cartographies of Empowerment: The Mahila Samkhya Story. New Delhi: Zubaan.

Elective VII– Evolution of Women’s Writing in India Unit I- Select Indian Women Writers and Their Works Mira, Akka Mahadevi, Sashi Deshpande, Ismat Chughtai, Vandhana Shiva, Savithribai Phule, Sarojini Naidu, Bama, Lalithambika Antherjanam, Arundhathi Roy, Amrita Pritam, Indira Goswami, Kamala Das Unit II- Representations in Indian Women’s Writing Mainstream and Margin- Religious Writings by Women- Indian Women writings in Translation- Oral narratives by women- Autobiographies and Memoirs- Folk and Tribal Women writers- Reformist Writing Unit III- Highlights and Issues Discussed in Indian Women’s Writing Domestic violence- Sexuality- Gender and Development- Spirituality- Voice and Agency- Inclusion- Powerlessness- Social-Cultural-Caste-Class Politics and Personal Position Unit IV- Publication of Women’s Writing in India Women oriented publishers – Kali for Women, Manushi, Rawat, etc. – Politics of publication – too much and too little feminism – Portrayal of men in Women's writing Unit V- Scope and Need for Women’s Writing in India Activism- Research- Gender Mainstreaming- Representation- Agency/ Voice- Legacy- Writing as Therapy- traditional knowledge transfer References: Robinson, Orrin W. 2010. Grimm Language: Grammar, Gender and Genuineness in the Fairy Tales . Philadelphia: John Benjamin’s Publishing Company. Tharu, Susie and K. Lalitha (ed). 1991&1993. Women Writing in India, 2 Vols. New Delhi: Oxford University Press. Viswanathan, Susan (ed). 2011. Structure and Transformatio n. New Delhi: OUP. Select Articles from the archives of MANUSHI journal.