DOCSLIB.ORG

University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan This dissertation has been microfilmed exactly as received 69*22,223 WALSH, Michael Joseph, 1942- ACETALDEHYDE- INDUCED RELEASE AND ALTERS] METABOLISM OF CATECHOLAMINES: ITS ROLE IN ETHANOL ACTIONS AND THE DISULFIRAM- ALCOHOL REACTION. The Ohio State University, Ph.D., 1969 Pharmacology University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan ACETALDEHYDE-INDUCED RELEASE AND ALTERED METABOLISM OF CATECHOLAMINES: ITS ROLE IN ETHANOL ACTIONS AND THE DISULFIRAM - ALCOHOL REACTION DISSER TATION Presented in Partial Fulfil ment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohi d State University By Michael Joseph Walsh, B. S. The Ohio State University 1969 Approved by JS-QjuJBrkAx> Adviser ' Department of Pharmacology ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I want to express my gratitude first and formost, to my wife, Estelle Marilyn Walsh, for her constant encouragement, thought­ fulness, and assistance; and to dedicate this volume to Estelle in acknowledgment of her understanding and moral support, without which this research would not have been possible or purposeful. I certainly am indebted to Professor Edward B. Truitt, Jr., for his excellent advice a id training. He has remained a good friend, advisor, and teac ler throughout my graduate school years, I hope his qualities of unc erstanding and encouragement as well as his constructive critical ability have become permanently impressed on me. I am especially gra eful to Dr. Philip B. Hollander for his willingness to be my teac ler. His friendship and training and col­ laboration on certain experiments has certainly benefited my back­ ground as well as this dis sertation. Professor Bernard H. Marks has been a constant source of enlightment. As Professor,u and head of the Department of Pharmacol­ ogy, he occupies a unique position and interacts in a special capacity with all graduate students. His encouragement and sincere interest in my research and all graduate student problems is greatly appre­ ciated. Ultimately, my gratitude to the Department of Pharmacology and the graduate committee must be expressed. I will always appreciate the readiness of this department to accept me as a student transferring from another University. In retrospect, I sincerely feel that continuing my graduate studies in the Department of Pharmacology of The Ohio State University may have been the most important decision of my life. I am sure that this change has been most beneficial to my training as a pharmacologist, and hope my work has been mutually beneficial to the department. A graduate student is subject to many helping hands, there­ fore, I wish to acknowledge the frequent stimulating discussions, and constructive and helpful criticisms and comradships of the other faculty members: Drs. Daniel Couri, Rose Dagirmanjian, Saradindu Dutta, Robert Gardier, Harold Goldman and John Lindower, and especially of my fellow graduate students. The permission to perform experiments and utilize the facilities of B attelle Memorial Institute was greatly appreciated, For the effort s of Dr. Joseph Boatman, head of the Division of Physiology and Pharmacology, in my behalf, I am grateful. The efforts of Mrs. Joan Rotaru and Miss Joyce Berio for their excellent technical assistance in many phases of this research is appreciatively acknowledged. The helping hand of Daria Cverna, in both preparation of this manuscript and with any problems which arose during my graduate school days, will always be remembered. Also, the frequent sec­ retarial help of Mrs. Carol Jones and Miss Millie Flanagan of The Ohio State University, and Mrs. Nancy Handel and Miss Sharon Wells of Battelle Memorial Institute was greatly appreciated. Finally, I would like to acknowledge and express my thanks to the National Institutes of Health ( NIH) for monetary support in the form of fellow ships during my training in Pharmacology. VITA Michael Joseph Walsh Born: York, Pennsylvania April 18, 1942 Graduate Calvert Hall College High School, Baltimore, Maryland June, I960 B. S. in Pharmacy, University of Maryland, School of Pharmacy June, 1965 Ph. D. The Ohio State University June, 1969 NIH Predoctoral Trainee, Pharmacology Training Grant GM 01417 October, 1966 to June, 1969 PUBLICATIONS AND PRESENTATIONS Walsh, M. J. and Truitt, E. B. , Jr. , : Mechanism of the Effect of Disulfiram on the Sympathomimetic Action of Acetaldehyde, Fed. Proc, 26; 293, ( 1967) Abstract. Walsh, M. J. and Truitt, E. B. , Jr.; Confirmation of the Catechol­ amine Releasing Effects of Acetaldehyde and Ethanol by a .new Technique Utilizing 7-H 3 -Norepinephrine, Presented to the Ohio Valley Section of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, November 17, 1967. Truitt, E. B. , Jr. and Walsh, M. J. : Alcohol, Acetaldehyde and the Sympathetic Nervous System, Presented at a Symposium on Alcoholism - 1968, Battelle Memorial Institute, March 13, 1968. Walsh, M. J. and Truitt, E. B., Jr.; Release of 7-H3-Norepinephrine in Plasma and Urine by Acetaldehyde and Ethanol in Cats and Rabbits, Federation Proceedings, 27; 601 ( 1968) Abstract. Truitt, E, B., Jr. and Walsh, M. J . : The Biochemical Pharmacology of Alcoholism, Battelle Technical Review, 17; 8 , 3-8 August, 1968. Walsh, M. J,, Truitt, E. B., Jr., and Hollander, P. B. : Adrener­ gic Effects of Acetaldehyde on Mechanical and Electrical Properties of Cardiac Muscle, Pharmacologist, 10: 183 ( 1968) Abstract. Walsh, M. J., Truitt, E.B., J r., and Hollander, P. B. : Sympath­ omimetic Effects of Acetaldehyde on Electrical and Mechan­ ical Characteristics of the Isolated Left Atria of Guinea Pigs, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 167; 173-186, 1969. Walsh, M. J., The Biochemical Pharmacology of Alcoholism: I. Acetaldehyde and Ethanol Metabolism and Effects on Lipids and Glycogenolysis, Presented at a Special Seminar at the University of Houston, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Houston, Texas, October 7, 1968. Walsh, M. J .: The Biochemical Pharmacology of Alcoholism: II. Role of Acetaldehyde in the Disulfiram-Alcohol Reaction. Presented at a Spec,ial Seminar at The University of Houston, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Houston, Texas, October 14, 1968, Walsh, M. J . : The Effects of Acetaldehyde on Contractility, Intra­ cellular Potentials and Catecholamine Release. Special Biochemistry Seminar, Department of Biochemistry, Bay­ lor University, Medical School, Houston, Texas, October 21, 1968 . Truitt, E. B ,, Jr. and Walsh, M. J. : The Role of Acetaldehyde in the Actions of Alcohol, The Biology of Alcohol, Volume I, Biochemistry, Chapter 7, to be published in 1969. Walsh, M. J. and Truitt, E. B ., Jr. : Acetaldehyde Mediation in the Mechanism of Ethanol-Induced Changes in Catecholamine Metabolism, Federation Proceedings, 28; 543 ( 1969) Abstract, Walsh, M. J .: Catecholamine Release and Altered Metabolism of Norepinephrine by Acetaldehyde. Presented at a Special Pharmacology Seminar, Battelle Memorial Institute, Col­ umbus, Ohio, May 9, 1969. v FIELDS OF STUDY Major Field; Pharmacology Autonomic Pharmacology B. H. M arks and R. Dagirmanjian Bioelectric Potentials P. B. Hollander Cardiovascular Pharmacol. S. Dutta Neuroendocrine Pharmacol. H. Goldman Drug Metabolism D. Couri, J. Merola and R. Ober Toxicology D. Couri Minor Fields; Neuromuscular Physiology E. Bozler Reproductive Physiology C. Barraclough ( Univ. of Maryland) Neurochemistry J. Allen and R. McCluer Biophysics L. Mullins and R. Sjodin ( Univ. of M aryland) TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ii VITA iv LIST OF TABLES x LIST OF FIGURES xiii INTRODUCTION - - 1 General Concepts 1 Scope and Purpose of the Problem 5 Acetaldehyde Measurement and Levels 7 Interactions of Ethanol and Acetaldehyde with Amine Stores 15 Adrenergic Actions of Ethanol or Acetaldehyde 21 The Disulfiram-Alcohol Reaction 27 Effects of Ethanol on Biogenic Amine Metabolism 33 Interactions of Amines, Central Acting Drugs and Ethanol Hypnosis 38 METHODS 42 Gas Chromatographic Determination of Ethanol and Acetaldehyde 42 A. General Procedures 42 B. Analysis of Biological Fluids 45 C. Excretion in Expired Air 49 D. Tissue Concentrations 50 In Vitro Release of Norepinephrine 53 A. General Procedures for Preparation of Atria 53 B. Experimental Conditions '55 C, Potential and Tension M easurem ents 58 D, Pharmacological Agents 58 vii METHODS (Continued) Page In Vivo Release of H3-Norepinephrine 60 A. General Preparations 60 B. Animal Equilibration 62 C. Injection, Sampling and Assay Procedure 63 D. Verification of Neuronal Uptake and Release 63 Autonomic Function in Whole Animals 64 Cl4-Norepinephrine and Metabolites 67 A. Administration of C14-Norepinephrine __ and Sample Collection 67 B. Analysis Interval 6 8 C. Treatment Schedules 70 D. General Procedures 72 E. Determination of C14-Norepinephrine and Normetanephrine 73 F. Determination of Deaminated C14- NE Metabolites 75 G. Identification of C14-Norepinephrine and Metabolites. 78 Evaluation of Central Nervous System Effects 80 RESULTS 82 Ethanol and Acetaldehyde Levels 82 A. In Vitro Production in Whole Blood 82 B. Human Filtrate Levels 82 C. Blood and Tissue Concentrations in Rats 84 D. Urine and Expired Air 96 Experiments with the Isolated Guinea Pig Left Atria 105 A. Controls 105 B. Effects of Norepinephrine (N E)and Tyramine 105 C. Mechanical Effects of Acetaldehyde 108 D. Electrical Effects of Acetaldehyde 115 E. Effects of Reserpine 115 F. Propranolol Blockade 118 H3-Norepinephrine Release and Blood Pressure Measurements in Whole Animals 121 A. Plasma Tritium in Cats 121 B. Blood
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Aldrich FT-IR Collection Edition I Library
    Aldrich FT-IR Collection Edition I Library Library Listing – 10,505 spectra This library is the original FT-IR spectral collection from Aldrich. It includes a wide variety of pure chemical compounds found in the Aldrich Handbook of Fine Chemicals. The Aldrich Collection of FT-IR Spectra Edition I library contains spectra of 10,505 pure compounds and is a subset of the Aldrich Collection of FT-IR Spectra Edition II library. All spectra were acquired by Sigma-Aldrich Co. and were processed by Thermo Fisher Scientific. Eight smaller Aldrich Material Specific Sub-Libraries are also available. Aldrich FT-IR Collection Edition I Index Compound Name Index Compound Name 3515 ((1R)-(ENDO,ANTI))-(+)-3- 928 (+)-LIMONENE OXIDE, 97%, BROMOCAMPHOR-8- SULFONIC MIXTURE OF CIS AND TRANS ACID, AMMONIUM SALT 209 (+)-LONGIFOLENE, 98+% 1708 ((1R)-ENDO)-(+)-3- 2283 (+)-MURAMIC ACID HYDRATE, BROMOCAMPHOR, 98% 98% 3516 ((1S)-(ENDO,ANTI))-(-)-3- 2966 (+)-N,N'- BROMOCAMPHOR-8- SULFONIC DIALLYLTARTARDIAMIDE, 99+% ACID, AMMONIUM SALT 2976 (+)-N-ACETYLMURAMIC ACID, 644 ((1S)-ENDO)-(-)-BORNEOL, 99% 97% 9587 (+)-11ALPHA-HYDROXY-17ALPHA- 965 (+)-NOE-LACTOL DIMER, 99+% METHYLTESTOSTERONE 5127 (+)-P-BROMOTETRAMISOLE 9590 (+)-11ALPHA- OXALATE, 99% HYDROXYPROGESTERONE, 95% 661 (+)-P-MENTH-1-EN-9-OL, 97%, 9588 (+)-17-METHYLTESTOSTERONE, MIXTURE OF ISOMERS 99% 730 (+)-PERSEITOL 8681 (+)-2'-DEOXYURIDINE, 99+% 7913 (+)-PILOCARPINE 7591 (+)-2,3-O-ISOPROPYLIDENE-2,3- HYDROCHLORIDE, 99% DIHYDROXY- 1,4- 5844 (+)-RUTIN HYDRATE, 95% BIS(DIPHENYLPHOSPHINO)BUT 9571 (+)-STIGMASTANOL
    [Show full text]
  • CPY Document
    3. eHEMieAL eOMPOSITION OF ALeOHOLie BEVERAGES, ADDITIVES AND eONTAMINANTS 3.1 General aspects Ethanol and water are the main components of most alcoholIc beverages, although in some very sweet liqueurs the sugar content can be higher than the ethanol content. Ethanol (CAS Reg. No. 64-17-5) is present in alcoholic beverages as a consequence of the fermentation of carbohydrates with yeast. It can also be manufactured from ethylene obtained from cracked petroleum hydrocarbons. The a1coholic beverage industry has generally agreed not to use synthetic ethanol manufactured from ethylene for the production of alcoholic beverages, due to the presence of impurities. ln order to determine whether synthetic ethanol has been used to fortify products, the low 14C content of synthetic ethanol, as compared to fermentation ethanol produced from carbohydrates, can be used as a marker in control analyses (McWeeny & Bates, 1980). Some physical and chemical characteristics of anhydrous ethanol are as follows (Windholz, 1983): Description: Clear, colourless liquid Boilng-point: 78.5°C M elting-point: -114.1 °C Density: d¡O 0.789 It is widely used in the laboratory and in industry as a solvent for resins, fats and oils. It also finds use in the manufacture of denatured a1cohol, in pharmaceuticals and cosmetics (lotions, perfumes), as a chemica1 intermediate and as a fuel, either alone or in mixtures with gasolIne. Beer, wine and spirits also contain volatile and nonvolatile flavour compounds. Although the term 'volatile compound' is rather diffuse, most of the compounds that occur in alcoholIc beverages can be grouped according to whether they are distiled with a1cohol and steam, or not.
    [Show full text]
  • Enhancing the Yields of Phenolic Compounds During Fermentation Using Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Strain 96581
    Food and Nutrition Sciences, 2014, 5, 2063-2070 Published Online November 2014 in SciRes. http://www.scirp.org/journal/fns http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/fns.2014.521218 Enhancing the Yields of Phenolic Compounds during Fermentation Using Saccharomyces cerevisiae Strain 96581 Adam A. Banach, Beng Guat Ooi* Department of Chemistry, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN, USA Email: *[email protected] Received 2 September 2014; revised 28 September 2014; accepted 15 October 2014 Copyright © 2014 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Abstract Phenylethanol, tyrosol, and tryptophol are phenolic compounds or fusel alcohols formed via the Ehrlich pathway by yeast metabolism. These compounds can yield health benefits as well as con- tribute to the flavors and aromas of fermented food and beverages. This research shows that Sac- charomyces cerevisiae Strain 96581 is capable of producing significantly higher levels of these three compounds when the precursor amino acids were supplemented into either the Chardonnay concentrate for wine-making or the malt concentrate for brewing English Ale. Strain 96581 can produce phenylethanol, tyrosol, and tryptophol as high as 434 mg/kg, 365 mg/kg, and 129 mg/kg, respectively, in the beer fermentation. The performance of Ale yeast WLP002 from White Labs Inc. was also analyzed for comparison. Strain 96581 outperformed WLP002 in the control beer, the amino acids supplemented beer, and the kiwi-beer background. This shows that Strain 96581 is more effective than WLP002 in converting the malt and the kiwi fruit supplements via its endo- genous enzymes.
    [Show full text]
  • Price-List 2012-13
    Sanjay International Price-List 2012-13 Sanjay International Mr. Sanjay Mital +(91)-9810163421 No. 3439/5, Gali Bajrang Bali Chawri Bazar - Delhi, Delhi - 110 006, India http://www.indiamart.com/sanjayinternational/ Sanjay International Terms of Sale PRICES : Prices mentioned in the Price List are ruling at the time of printing of the Price List and subject to change without prior notice. Goods shall be invoice at prices ruling on the date of dispatch. TAXES & DUTIES : Sales Tax, MVAT, Octrio Duty, other Duties & Levies will be charged extra as applicable at the time of supply. For exemption of Sales Tax & Octrio Exemption Certificate should be sent along with order. PAYMENTS : Payments are to be made by Demand draft / cheques drawn on 'Sanjay international.' payable at Delhi. In the event of payment through bank the customer has to retire the documents immediately on presentation of the documents by the bank. The interest @21% will be charged on all the payments received after due dates. BULK REQUIREMENTS : Requirements/Enquiries for bulk packing and large quantities for any items will be considered. INSURANCE : Goods are packed with utmost care and forwarded at Customer's risk. No responsibility is taken for breakages or loss in transit. Goods can be insured at the customer's request at 1% of the invoice value. Charges for insurance will be made in the invoice itself. MINIMUM ORDER : All orders invoiced over Rs.25,000/- net shall be dispatched F.O.R. Delhi by transport, freight extra. Goods can be dispatched by Post, courier/angadia or by Passenger Train on customer's request freight will be born by customer.
    [Show full text]
  • A Catalytic Asymmetric Total Synthesis of (−)-Perophoramidine
    Chemical Science View Article Online EDGE ARTICLE View Journal | View Issue A catalytic asymmetric total synthesis of (À)-perophoramidine† Cite this: Chem. Sci.,2015,6,349 B. M. Trost,* M. Osipov, S. Kruger¨ and Y. Zhang We report a catalytic asymmetric total synthesis of the ascidian natural product perophoramidine. The synthesis employs a molybdenum-catalyzed asymmetric allylic alkylation of an oxindole nucleophile and a monosubstituted allylic electrophile as a key asymmetric step. The enantioenriched oxindole product from this transformation contains vicinal quaternary and tertiary stereocenters, and is obtained in high yield along with high levels of regio-, diastereo-, and enantioselectivity. To install the second quaternary Received 19th June 2014 stereocenter in the target, the route utilizes a novel regio- and diastereoselective allylation of a cyclic Accepted 30th July 2014 imino ether to deliver an allylated imino ether product in near quantitative yield and with complete DOI: 10.1039/c4sc01826e regio- and diastereocontrol. Oxidative cleavage and reductive amination are used as final steps to access www.rsc.org/chemicalscience the natural product. Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported Licence. Introduction while that of the communesins is cis. From a biological perspective, perophoramidine (1) displays cytotoxicity against m In 2002, Ireland and coworkers reported the isolation and the HCT116 colon carcinoma cell line with an IC50 of 60 M. structural elucidation of a novel polycyclic alkaloid, (+)-per- The combination of its complex, densely functionalized struc- ophoramidine (1) from the Philippine ascidian organism Per- ture and cytotoxic properties make perophoramidine (1)an ophora namei (Fig. 1).1 The structure of (+)-perophoramidine (1) attractive target for asymmetric total synthesis.
    [Show full text]
  • Bioactive Metabolites of Bulbine Natalensis (Baker): Isolation, Characterization, and Antioxidant Properties
    Bioactive metabolites of Bulbine natalensis (Baker): Isolation, characterization, and antioxidant properties Olusola Bodede1,2, Nomfundo Mahlangeni2, Roshila Moodley2, Manimbulu Nlooto1, Elizabeth Ojewole1 1Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4000, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, 2School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Private Bag X54001, Durban, 4000, South Africa Abstract Background: Medicinal plants continue to play a key role in disease management and modern drug development. ORIGINAL ARTICLE ORIGINAL Bulbine natalensis is one of several South Africa’s indigenous succulent medicinal species. B. natalensis’ high medicinal profile has made it a commercially-available herb within the South African market and beyond. However, there is a limited scientific report on its bioactive metabolites. Objectives: This study’s objective was to isolate and identify bioactive compounds from B. natalensis leaves and evaluate the compounds and crude extracts for antioxidant activity. Materials and Methods: Fractionation and purification of B. natalensis dichloromethane extract were done using chromatographic techniques. Whole extract profiling was carried out on dichloromethane and methanol extracts using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The isolated compounds and extracts were evaluated for antioxidant activity. Results: The dichloromethane extract yielded two pentacyclic triterpenes (glutinol and taraxerol), one tetracyclic triterpene
    [Show full text]
  • Nicolet Standard Collection of FT-IR Spectra
    Nicolet Standard Collection of FT-IR Spectra Library Listing – 3,119 spectra This collection is suited to the needs of analytical services and investigational laboratories. It provides a wide array of common chemicals in a lower cost package and can be used in combination with the Nicolet Standard Collection of FT-Raman Spectra to provide analysts a higher degree of confidence when identifying unknowns. The Nicolet Standard Collection of FT-IR Spectra includes 3,119 spectra of common chemicals with representatives of major functional groups and combinations of functional groups. It contains the same chemical series available in the Nicolet Standard Collection of FT-Raman Spectra. These matched libraries can be used alone or in combination with Thermo Fisher’s unique OMNIC Linked Search software. Nicolet Standard Collection of FT-IR Spectra Index Compound Name Index Compound Name 1177 (+)-1,4-Androstadiene-3,17-dione 1498 (+/-)-Ketamine .HCl; 2-(2- 140 (+)-11a-Hydroxyprogesterone, 95% Chlorophenyl)-2- 1221 (+)-2'-Deoxyuridine, 99+% (methylamino)cyclohex 2999 (+)-2,3-O-Benzylidene-D-threitol 1104 (+/-)-Octopamine .HCl, 98% 1291 (+)-2-Phenyl-1-propanol, 97% 2541 (+/-)-Pantothenol 933 (+)-3-Nitro-L-tyrosine, 99% 2058 (+/-)- 833 (+)-4-Cholesten-3-one Tetracyclo[6.6.2.0(2,7).0(9,14)]hexadec 739 (+)-6-Aminopenicillanic acid, 96% a-2,4,6,9,11,13-he 2361 (+)-Arabinogalactan 579 (+/-)-a-Benzoin oxime, 99% 2545 (+)-Boldine .HCl; 1,10- 2290 (+/-)-cis-2-Methylcyclohexanol, 97% Dimethoxyaporphine-2,9-diol .HCl 2287 (+/-)-trans-1,2-Dibromocyclohexane,
    [Show full text]
  • Catalytic Enantioselective Approaches to the Oxa-Pictet–Spengler Cyclization and Other 3,6-Dihydropyran-Forming Reactions
    SYNOPEN2509-9396 Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York 2019, 3, 77–90 short review 77 en Syn Open Z. Zhu et al. Short Review Catalytic Enantioselective Approaches to the oxa-Pictet–Spengler Cyclization and Other 3,6-Dihydropyran-Forming Reactions Zhengbo Zhua HO HO Brønsted acid Alafate Adilia OH catalysis O Chenfei Zhaob 0000-0003-3960-3047 up to R Daniel Seidel*a 0000-0001-6725-111X RCHO 99% ee a Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemis- Dual anion-binding OH O try, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA iminium catalysis [email protected] N N H H b Department of Chemistry, University of California–Berkeley; R Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Labo- up to 95% ee ratory; Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute at Berkeley; Berke- ley Global Science Institute, Berkeley, California 94720, USA Received: 24.08.2019 aryl substituent.9 In this Short Review, we provide exam- Accepted after revision: 04.09.2019 ples of asymmetric oxa-Pictet–Spengler cyclizations that Published online: 25.09.2019 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1690686; Art ID: so-2019-d0023-r are under substrate control, discuss all known catalytic en- License terms: antioselective variants of the oxa-Pictet–Spengler cycliza- 10 © 2019. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the tion, and provide an overview of other catalytic enanti- terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial-License, oselective reactions that lead to isochromans and tetrahy- permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes or adapted, remixed, dropyrano[3,4-b]indoles.
    [Show full text]
  • Nicolet Vapor Phase
    Nicolet Vapor Phase Library Listing – 8,654 spectra This library is one the most comprehensive collections of vapor phase FT-IR spectra. It is an invaluable tool for scientist involved in investigations on gas phase materials. The Nicolet Vapor Phase Library contains 8654 FT-IR spectra of compounds measured in gas phase. Most spectra were acquired by the Sigma-Aldrich Co. using product samples. Additional spectra were collected by Hannover University, University of Wurzburg and Thermo Fisher Scientific applications scientists. Spectra were collected using sampling techniques including heated or room temperature gas cell or a heated light-pipe connected to the outlet of a gas chromatograph. Nicolet Vapor Phase Index Compound Name Index Compound Name 8402 ((1- 5457 (-)-8-Phenylmenthol; (-)-(1R,2S,5R)-5- Ethoxycyclopropyl)oxy)trimethylsilane Methyl-2-(2-phenyl-2-propyl)cyc 4408 (+)-1,3-Diphenylbutane 1095 (-)-Carveol, mixture of isomers; p- 4861 (+)-1-Bromo-2,4-diphenylbutane Mentha-6,8-dien-2-ol 2406 (+)-3-(Heptafluorobutyryl)camphor 3628 (-)-Diisopropyl D-tartrate 2405 (+)-3-(Trifluoroacetyl)camphor 1427 (-)-Limonene oxide, cis + trans; (-)-1,2- 281 (+)-3R-Isolimonene, trans-; (1R,4R)- Epoxy-4-isopropenyl-1-methyl (+)-p-Mentha-2,8-diene 1084 (-)-Menthol; [1R-(1a,2b,5a)]-(-)-2- 289 (+)-Camphene; 2,2-Dimethyl-3- Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol methylenebicyclo[2.2.1]heptane 2750 (-)-Menthoxyacetic acid 3627 (+)-Diisopropyl L-tartrate 1096 (-)-Myrtanol, cis-; (1S,2R)-6,6- 2398 (+)-Fenchone; (+)-1,3,3- Dimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]heptane-2-metha
    [Show full text]
  • Exploring and Engineering Yeasts for Industrial Application
    FOCUSED MEETING 2017 33rd International Specialised Symposium on Yeasts Exploring and Engineering Yeasts for Industrial Application 26 – 29 June 2017 University College Cork, Ireland http://microb.io/ISSY33 #ISSY33 POSTER ABSTRACT BOOK Contents: Session Poster number Page number Genomics and Hybrids P1 – P18 2 - 19 Interconnected Metabolic and Stress Networks P19 – P30 20 - 31 Strategies for Engineering Yeast Genomes P31 – P38 32 - 39 Tolerating the Stress of Industrial Processes P39 – P48 40 - 50 Exploiting Evolution to Develop Optimised Strains P49 – P57 51 - 59 Diverse Yeast Exploitation P58 – P92 60 - 94 Engineering Yeast Cell Factories 1 P93 – P103 95 - 105 Engineering Yeast Cell Factories 2 P104 – P113 106 – 115 Yeast biodiversity contributions to fermented beverages P114 – P148 116 - 150 1 | Abstracts are published as received from the authors and are not subject to editing Genomics and Hybrids P1 Saccharomyces Hybrids: Generation and Analysis Alexander Hinks Roberts1, Agnieszka Maslowska1, Thomas Davies1, Samina Naseeb3, Stuart Wilkinson2, Chris Powell2, Daniela Delneri3, Edward Louis1 1University of Leicester, Leicester, UK, 2University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK, 3University of Manchester, Manchester, UK Saccharomyces interspecific hybrids, both artificial and natural, have significant potential in industry. This is because they can inherit and combine beneficial traits from each parental species. Breeding between species allows for mixing of the gene pool and under selective pressure, gives rise to individuals with beneficial gene combinations. However most hybrids are seen as evolutionary dead-ends. This is because they are usually sexually sterile, inhibiting the potential for strain improvement through breeding. The Saccharomyces sensu stricto clade consists of seven closely related species, many of which have been domesticated through use in various processes such as baking, biofuel production, wine making and brewing.
    [Show full text]
  • Generate Metabolic Map Poster
    Authors: J. Michael Cherry Eurie Hong Benjamin Vincent Cynthia Krieger An online version of this diagram is available at BioCyc.org. Biosynthetic pathways are positioned in the left of the cytoplasm, degradative pathways on the right, and reactions not assigned to any pathway are in the far right of the cytoplasm. Transporters and membrane proteins are shown on the membrane. Rama Balakrishnan Ron Caspi Periplasmic (where appropriate) and extracellular reactions and proteins may also be shown. Pathways are colored according to their cellular function. YeastCyc: Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288c Cellular Overview Connections between pathways are omitted for legibility.
    [Show full text]
  • Isolation and Identification of Indole-3-Ethanol (Tryptophol) from Cucumber Seedlings
    Plaint Physiol. (1967) 42, 520-524 Isolation and Identification of Indole.3-Ethanol (Tryptophol) from Cucumber Seedlings1'2 David L. Rayle3 and William K. Purves Department of Biological Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106 Received January 30, 1967. Summinary. Crulde ether extracts of green shoots of Culciumiis sativtus L. promoted the elongation of cucumber hypocotyl segments. Puirification of the extract was accomplished by DEAE cellulose, silicic acid, and magnesium silicate chromatography followed by gel filtration and preparative thin layer chromatography. Idelntification of the growth promoter as indole-3-ethanol was achieved bynmass spectrometry, thin layer and gas chromatography, ain( ultraviolet andl visil)le spectroscopy, as wvell as ly physiological characteristics. The cenitral role of indolic compounIds as plant ctiltnlre meldia containing trvptophan or tryptamine grnowth reguilators is well established. However, (2). Perlex and( Stowe observed lEt production few growth-promoting indolic compotin(ds have been from tryptophan by 1acilli s cerciis and( by Taphrina isolated in puire form from plaint tissute. The most deforimans (15, 16). \Wightman has reported some extenisively sttidied is indole-3-acetic acid (TAA), evideince for the occuirrence of lEt iII toIllato seed- which has been isolate(d in crystalline form from lings after the applicatioii of tryptophaii or indole- sev-eral sources (5, 10, 20). Toines et al. have iso- 3-lactic acid throtigh the cut stenms (23). In this lated pure indoleacetonitrile from immattire cabbage system it wvas postulatedl that iindolelactic acid was heads (8). Indoleacetaldehy-lde has been i(lentified decarboxvlated to lF,t which was theni oxidized to in plant tissue by Larsen (11).
    [Show full text]