ANTICANCER RESEARCH International Journal of Cancer Research and Treatment

ISSN: 0250-7005

Volume 32, Number 1, January 2012

Contents

Experimental Studies * Review: Novel Therapeutic Approaches for Targeting Tumor Angiogenesis. A.G. LINKOUS, E.M. YAZLOVITSKAYA (Bethesda, MD; Nashville, TN, USA) ...... 1 Growth Effect of Neutrophil Elastase on Breast Cancer: Favorable Action of Sivelestat and Application to Anti-HER2 Therapy. M. NAWA, S. OSADA, K. MORIMITSU, K. NONAKA, M. FUTAMURA, Y. KAWAGUCHI, K. YOSHIDA (Gifu, Japan) ...... 13 Chemopreventive Potential of Black Cohosh on Breast Cancer in Sprague-Dawley Rats. L.S. EINBOND, M. SOFFRITTI, D.D. ESPOSTI, E. TIBALDI, M. LAURIOLA, L. BUA, K. HE, G. GENOVESE, T. SU, L. HUGGINS, X. WANG, M. ROLLER, H.-A. WU (New York, NY; Hackensack, NJ, USA; Bologna, Italy) ...... 21 The Cyano Fluorescent Protein Nude Mouse as a Host for Multicolor-coded Imaging Models of Primary and Metastatic Tumor Microenvironments. A. SUETSUGU, M.K. HASSANEIN, J. REYNOSO, Y. OSAWA, M. NAGAKI, H. MORIWAKI, S. SAJI, M. BOUVET, R.M. HOFFMAN (San Diego, CA, USA; Gifu, Japan) ...... 31 Color-coded Real-time Subcellular Fluorescence Imaging of the Interaction between Cancer and Host Cells in Live Mice. K. YAMAUCHI, Y. TOME, N. YAMAMOTO, K. HAYASHI, H. KIMURA, H. TSUCHIYA, K. TOMITA, M. BOUVET, R.M. HOFFMAN (San Diego, CA, USA; Fukui; Okinawa; Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan) ...... 39

Effects of Vitamin D-binding Protein-derived Macrophage-activating Factor on Human Breast Cancer Cells. S. PACINI, T. PUNZI, G. MORUCCI, M. GULISANO, M. RUGGIERO (Firenze, Italy) ...... 45 Contents continued on the back cover Contents continued

Combinations of Resveratrol, Cisplatin and Oxaliplatin Applied to Human Ovarian Cancer Cells. M.U. NESSA, P. BEALE, C. CHAN, J.Q. YU, F. HUQ (Lidcombe; Concord, NSW, Australia) ...... 53

Dual-mode Interaction between Quercetin and DNA-damaging Drugs in Cancer Cells. T. SAMUEL, K. FADLALLA, L. MOSLEY, V. KATKOORI, T. TURNER, U. MANNE (Tuskegee; Birmingham, AL, USA) ...... 61

Mutated in Colorectal Cancer Protein Modulates the NF κB Pathway. N.D. SIGGLEKOW, L. PANGON, T. BRUMMER, M. MOLLOY, N.J. HAWKINS, R.L. WARD, E.A. MUSGROVE, M.R.J. KOHONEN- CORISH (Sydney, Australia; Freiburg, Germany) ...... 73 Combination of Glucan, Resveratrol and Vitamin C Demonstrates Strong Anti-tumor Potential. V. VETVICKA, J. VETVICKOVA (Louisville, KY, USA) ...... 81 2+ The Hedgehog Pathway Inhibitor GDC-0449 Alters Intracellular Ca Homeostasis and Inhibits Cell Growth in Cisplatin-resistant Lung Cancer Cells. F. TIAN, K. SCHRÖDL, R. KIEFL, R.M. HUBER, A. BERGNER (Munich, Germany) ...... 89 Anticancer Effects of Synthetic Phosphoethanolamine on Ehrlich Ascites Tumor: An Experimental Study. A.K. FERREIRA, R. MENEGUELO, A. PEREIRA, O.M.R. FILHO, G.O. CHIERICE, D.A. MARIA (Sao Paulo; Sao Carlos; Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil) ...... 95 Trastuzumab Has Opposing Effects on SN-38-induced Double-strand Breaks and Cytotoxicity in HER2- positive Gastric Cancer Cells Depending on Administration Sequence. M. YAMADE, M. SUGIMOTO, M. NISHINO, T. UOTANI, S. SAHARA, M. IWAIZUMI, T. YAMADA, S. OSAWA, K. SUGIMOTO, H. MIYAJIMA, T. FURUTA (Hamamatsu, Japan) ...... 105 Somatostatin Receptor Subtype 2 A (SSTR2A) and HER2 Expression in Gastric Adenocarcinoma. A. ROMITI, R. DI ROCCO, M. MILIONE, L. RUCO, V. ZIPARO, A. ZULLO, E. DURANTI, I. SARCINA, V. BARUCCA, C. D’ANTONIO, P. MARCHETTI (Rome; Milan, Italy) ...... 115 Inhibition of Cyclin D1 by shRNA Is Associated with Enhanced Sensitivity to Conventional Therapies for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. V. KOTHARI, R. MULHERKAR (Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, India) ..... 121 Naringin Inhibits Tumor Growth and Reduces Interleukin-6 and Tumor Necrosis Factor α Levels in Rats with Walker 256 Carcinosarcoma. C.A. CAMARGO, M.C.C. GOMES-MARCONDES, N.C. WUTZKI, H. AOYAMA (Sao Paulo, Brazil) ...... 129 Synthesis of Trans-bis -(2-hydroxypyridine)dichloroplatinum(II) and its Activity in Human Ovarian Tumour Models. N. DEQNAH, J.Q. YU, P. BEALE, K. FISHER, F. HUQ (Sydney, Australia) ...... 135 Circulating Transforming Growth Factor- β and Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor as Related to Virus Infection in Liver Carcinogenesis. R. DIVELLA, A. DANIELE, C. GADALETA, A. TUFARO, M.T. VENNERI, A. PARADISO, M. QUARANTA (Bari, Italy) ...... 141 A High-throughput Cell-based Screening for L858R/T790M Mutant Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitors. W.-H. LIN, J.-S. SONG, T.-W. LIEN, C.-Y. CHANG, S.-H. WU, Y.-W. HUANG, T.-Y. CHANG, M.-Y. FANG, K.-J. YEN, C.-W. CHEN, C.-Y. CHU, H.-P. HSIEH, Y.-R. CHEN, Y.-S. CHAO, J.T.-A. HSU (Miaoli; Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC) ......

Clinical Studies 147

Intense CD44 Expression Is a Negative Prognostic Factor in Tonsillar and Base of Tongue Cancer. D. LINDQUIST, A. ÄHRLUND-RICHTER, M. TARJÁN, T. TOT, T. DALIANIS (Falun; Stockholm, Sweden) .... 153

Clinical Application of MAGE A1-6 RT-Nested PCR for Diagnosis of Lung Cancer Invisible by Bronchoscopy. K.-C. SHIN, E.Y. CHOI, J.H. CHUNG, C. JEON, K.H. LEE (Daegu, South Korea) ...... 163 Contents continued on the preceding page Contents continued

Relationship between Interval from Surgery to Radiotherapy and Local Recurrence Rate in Patients with Endometrioid-type Endometrial Cancer: a Retrospective Mono-institutional Italian Study. M.G. FABRINI, A. GADDUCCI, F. PERRONE, C. LA LISCIA, S. COSIO, S. MODA, M.E. GUERRIERI, A. GRANDINETTI, C. GRECO (Pisa, Italy) ...... 169

Vinorelbine versus Paclitaxel for Patients with Advanced Non–small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) and a Performance Status of 2. P.A. KOSMIDIS, K. SYRIGOS, H.P. KALOFONOS, M.-A. DIMOPOULOS, D. SKARLOS, N. PAVLIDIS, I. BOUKOVINAS, D. BAFALOUKOS, D. PECTASIDES, C. BACOYIANNIS, G. FOUNTZILAS (Athens; Piraeus; Ioannina; Thessaloniki, Greece) ...... 175

The Carcinoembryonic Antigen as a Potential Prognostic Marker for Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Breast. C.-H. SU, H. CHANG, C.-J. CHEN, L.-C. LIU, H.-C. WANG, H.-Y. LANE, D.-T. BAU (Taichung, Taiwan, ROC) ...... 183

A Population-based Study of the Pattern of Terminal Care and Hospital Death in Patients with Non-small Cell Lung Cancer. C. NIEDER, T. TOLLÅLI, J NORUM, A. PAWINSKI, R.M. BREMNES (Bodø; Tromsø, Norway) ...... 189

Efficacy and Feasibility of Induction Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy plus Cetuximab in Head and Neck Cancer. M. RAMPINO, A. BACIGALUPO, E. RUSSI, M. SCHENA, L. LASTRUCCI, C. IOTTI, A. REALI, A. MUSU, V. BALCET, C. PIVA, S. BUSTREO, F. MUNOZ1, R. RAGONA, R CORVÒ, U. RICARDI (Torino; Genova; Cuneo; Arezzo; Reggio Emilia, Italy) ...... 195

Analysis of Failures in Patients with FIGO Stage IIIc 1-IIIc 2 Endometrial Cancer. A. GADDUCCI, S. COSIO, M.G. FABRINI, M.E. GUERRIERI, C. GRECO, A.R. GENAZZANI (Pisa, Italy) ...... 201

Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Vitamin D and Analogs in Cancer Prevention and Therapy, May 20-21, 2011, Homburg/Saar, Germany. Edited by J. Reichrath, M. Friedrich, Th. Vogt 207-396

Preface: Vitamin D and its Analogs in Cancer Prevention and Therapy. J. REICHRATH, M. FRIEDRICH, T. VOGT (Homburg/Saar; Krefeld, Germany) ...... 207 * Review: Vitamin D: Potential in the Prevention and Treatment of Lung Cancer. R. NORTON, M.A. O’CONNELL (Norwich, UK) ...... 211 * Review: Ecological Studies of the UVB.Vitamin D. Cancer Hypothesis. W.B. GRANT (San Francisco, CA, USA) ...... 223 * Review: The Scots’ Paradox: Can Sun Exposure, or Lack of it, Explain Major Paradoxes in Epidemiology? O. GILLIE (London, UK) ...... 237

1Alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 Induces de novo E-cadherin Expression in Triple-negative Breast Cancer Cells by CDH1 -promoter Demethylation. N. LOPES, J. CARVALHO, C. DURÃES, B. SOUSA, M. GOMES, J.L. COSTA, C. OLIVEIRA, J. PAREDES, F. SCHMITT (Porto, Portugal) ...... 249

Determination of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D Concentrations in Human Colon Tissues and Matched Serum Samples. D. WAGNER, A.G. DIAS, K. SCHNABL, T. VAN DER KWAST, R. VIETH (Toronto, ON, Canada) ...... 259

Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels in Patients with Vulvar Cancer. D. SALEHIN, C. HAUGK, M. THILL, T. CORDES, D. HORNUNG, A. ABU-HECHLE, B. HEMMERLEIN, M. FRIEDRICH (Krefeld; Lübeck, Germany) ...... 265 Contents continued on the preceding page Contents continued

* Review: The First Genome-wide View of Vitamin D Receptor Locations and their Mechanistic Implications. C. CARLBERG, S. SEUTER, S. HEIKKINEN (Kuopio, Finland; Luxembourg, Luxembourg) ...... 271

Vitamin D Receptor Expression in Patients with Vulvar Cancer. D. SALEHIN, C. HAUGK, M. THILL, T. CORDES, M. WILLIAM, B. HEMMERLEIN, M. FRIEDRICH (Krefeld; Lübeck, Germany) ...... 283 * Review: The Roles of Cytochrome P450 Enzymes in Prostate Cancer Development and Treatment. T.C. CHEN, T. SAKAKI, K. YAMAMOTO, A. KITTAKA (Boston, MA, USA; Toyama; Tokyo; Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan) ...... 291 * Review: Vitamin D and Cellular Ca2+ Signaling in Breast Cancer. I.N. SERGEEV (Brookings, SD, USA) ..... 299

Process Development for the Practical Production of Eldecalcitol by Linear, Convergent and Biomimetic Syntheses. N. KUBODERA, S. HATAKEYAMA (Shizuoka; Nagasaki, Japan) ...... 303

C15-functionalized 16-Ene- α,25- dihydroxyvitamin D 3 is a New Vitamin D Analog with Unique Biological Properties. G. KUMAGAI, M. TAKANO, K. SHINDO, D. SAWADA, N. SAITO, H. SAITO, S. KAKUDA, K.-I. TAKAGI, M. TAKIMOTO-KAMIMURA, K. TAKENOUCHI, T.C. CHEN, A. KITTAKA (Sagamihara, Kanagawa; Hino, Tokyo, Japan; Boston, MA, USA) ...... 311

The Difference between 14- Epi -previtamin D 3 and 14- Epi -19-norprevitamin D 3: Their Synthesis and Binding Affinity for Human VDR. D. SAWADA, T. KATAYAMA, Y. TSUKUDA, N. SAITO, H. SAITO, S. KAKUDA, M. TAKIMOTO-KAMIMURA, K. TAKENOUCHI, A. KITTAKA (Sagamihara, Kanagawa; Hino, Tokyo, Japan) ...... 319

Association of Genetic Variants of the Vitamin D Receptor (VDR) with Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinomas (SCC) and Basal Cell Carcinomas (BCC): A Pilot Study in a German Population. K. KÖSTNER, N. DENZER, M. KORENG, S. REICHRATH, S. GRABER, R. KLEIN, W. TILGEN, T. VOGT, J. REICHRATH (Homburg; Kaiserslautern, Germany) ...... 327

Crystal Structure of a Vitamin D 3 Analog, ZK203278, Showing Dissociated Profile. N. ROCHEL, D. MORAS (Illkirch, France) ...... 335

Expression and Function of the Vitamin D Receptor in Malignant Germ Cell Tumour of the Testis. F. BREMMER, P. THELEN, T. POTTEK, C.L. BEHNES, H.J. RADZUN, S. SCHWEYER (Göttingen; Hamburg, Germany) ...... 341

Correlation of Prostaglandin Metabolizing Enzymes and Serum PGE 2 Levels with Vitamin D Receptor and Serum 25(OH) 2D3 Levels in Breast and Ovarian Cancer. T. CORDES, F. HOELLEN, C. DITTMER, D. SALEHIN, S. KÜMMEL, M. FRIEDRICH, F. K ÖSTER, S. BECKER, K. DIEDRICH, M. THILL (Lübeck; Krefeld; Essen, Germany) ...... 351

Influence of Calcitriol on Prostaglandin and Vitamin D-metabolising Enzymes in Benign and Malignant Breast Cell Lines. M. THILL, T. CORDES, F. HOELLEN, S. BECKER, C. DITTMER, S. KÜMMEL, D. SALEHIN, M. FRIEDRICH, K. DIEDRICH, F. KÖSTER (Lübeck; Krefeld; Essen, Germany) ...... 359

Expression of Prostaglandin- and Vitamin D-metabolising Enzymes in Benign and Malignant Breast Cells. M. THILL, F. HOELLEN, S. BECKER, C. DITTMER, D. FISCHER, S. KÜMMEL, D. SALEHIN, M. FRIEDRICH, F. KÖSTER, K. DIEDRICH, T. CORDES (Lübeck; Krefeld; Essen, Germany) ...... 367 * Review: Optimal Serum Calcidiol Concentration for Cancer Prevention. P. TUOHIMAA, Y.-R. LOU (Tampere; Helsinki, Finland) ...... 373

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Signature of VDR miRNAs and Epigenetic Modulation of Vitamin D Signaling in Melanoma Cell Lines. S. ESSA, S. REICHRATH, U. MAHLKNECHT, M. MONTENARH, T. VOGT, J. REICHRATH (Homburg/Saar, Germany) ...... 383

Vitamin D Status and Mortality of German Hemodialysis Patients. R. KRAUSE, H.-J. SCHOBER- HALSTENBERG, G. EDENHARTER, K. HAAS, H.J. ROTH, U. FREI (Berlin; Heidelberg, Germany) ...... 391 * Reviews (pages 1, 211, 223, 237, 271, 291, 299, 373)