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Grassroots Governance?: Chiefs in Africa and the Afro-Caribbean University of Calgary PRISM: University of Calgary's Digital Repository University of Calgary Press University of Calgary Press Open Access Books 2003 Grassroots governance?: chiefs in Africa and the Afro-Caribbean University of Calgary Press Grassroots governance?: chiefs in Africa and the Afro-Caribbean. Donald I. Ray, P.S. Reddy, eds. Series: Africa, missing voices series 1, University of Calgary Press, Calgary, Alberta, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1880/48646 book http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives 3.0 Unported Downloaded from PRISM: https://prism.ucalgary.ca University of Calgary Press www.uofcpress.com GRASSROOTS GOVERNANCE? CHIEFS IN AFRICA AND THE AFRO-CARIBBEAN Edited by Donald I. Ray and P.S. Reddy ISBN 978-1-55238-565-4 THIS BOOK IS AN OPEN ACCESS E-BOOK. It is an electronic version of a book that can be purchased in physical form through any bookseller or on-line retailer, or from our distributors. Please support this open access publication by requesting that your university purchase a print copy of this book, or by purchasing a copy yourself. If you have any questions, please contact us at [email protected] Cover Art: The artwork on the cover of this book is not open access and falls under traditional copyright provisions; it cannot be reproduced in any way without written permission of the artists and their agents. The cover can be displayed as a complete cover image for the purposes of publicizing this work, but the artwork cannot be extracted from the context of the cover of this specific work without breaching the artist’s copyright. COPYRIGHT NOTICE: This open-access work is published under a Creative Commons licence. This means that you are free to copy, distribute, display or perform the work as long as you clearly attribute the work to its authors and publisher, that you do not use this work for any commercial gain in any form, and that you in no way alter, transform, or build on the work outside of its use in normal academic scholarship without our express permission. If you want to reuse or distribute the work, you must inform its new audience of the licence terms of this work. For more information, see details of the Creative Commons licence at: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ UNDER THE CREATIVE UNDER THE CREATIVE COMMONS LICENCE YOU COMMONS LICENCE YOU MAY: MAY NOT: • read and store this document • gain financially from the work in any way; free of charge; • sell the work or seek monies in relation to the distribution • distribute it for personal use of the work; free of charge; • use the work in any commercial activity of any kind; • print sections of the work for • profit a third party indirectly via use or distribution of the work; personal use; • distribute in or through a commercial body (with the exception • read or perform parts of the of academic usage within educational institutions such as work in a context where no schools and universities); financial transactions take • reproduce, distribute, or store the cover image outside of its place. function as a cover of this work; • alter or build on the work outside of normal academic scholarship. Acknowledgement: We acknowledge the wording around open access used by Australian publisher, re.press, and thank them for giving us permission to adapt their wording to our policy http://www.re-press.org/content/view/17/33/ Political Science/Cultural Studies/Africa Governance? Grassroo ts Traditional leadership is a factor that has been long overlooked in evaluations of rural local government in much of contemporary Sub-Saharan Africa. Grassroots Governance?, an interdisciplinary and intercontinental collection, addresses this gap in African scholarship and brings new perspectives on the integration, or reconciliation, of traditional leadership with democratic systems of local government. Articles from the fields of political science, Donald i. Ra P.S. Reddy P.S. law, postcolonial studies, anthropology, cultural studies, and policy and administrative Edited Grassroots studies establish a baseline for best practice in Africa and the Afro-Caribbean while taking and into account the importance of traditional leadership to the culture of local governance. Chiefs in Africa and the Afro-Caribbean Case studies are drawn from Ghana, South Africa, Botswana, Lesotho, and Commonwealth by countries in West, East, and Southern Africa, as well as Jamaica. y Governance? Donald I. Ray is a professor in the department of political science at the University of Calgary. He is also the International Co-ordinator of the Traditional Authority Applied Research Network (TAARN). P.S. Reddy is a professor in the School of Governance, University of Durban-Westville, Durban, South Africa. He is currently the project director ofthe Working Group on Local Governance and Development of the International Association of Schools and Institutes of Administration (IASIA), headquartered in Brussels. Edited by Donald i. Ray and P.S. Reddy "A very timely and valuable contribution on chieftancy." Roger Southall, www.uofcpress.com Rhodes University, South Africa ISBN 1-55238-080-7 AFRICA ™xHSLFPCy380802 Missing Voices Grassroots Chiefs in Africa and the Afro-Caribbean Governance? Africa Missing Voices series general editors Donald i. Ray and Peter Shinnie University of Calgary Press has a long history of publishing academic works on Africa. We are again taking up African themes in our new series Africa: Missing Voices, which illuminates issues and topics concerning Africa that have been ignored or are missing from current global debates. This series fills a gap in African scholarship by addressing authentic concerns that have been overlooked in political, social, and historical discussions about this continent. We invite authors to submit book proposals and manuscripts to us for consideration. INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF SCHOOLS AND INSTITUTES OF ADMINISTRATION The International Association of Schools and Institutes of Administration (IASIA) is an association of organizations and individuals whose activities and interests focus on public administration and management. Its main emphasis is on the development and use of human resources. From a concept first articulated in Vienna in 1962, the Association, which is a constituent organ of the International Institute of Administrative Sciences (IIAS), was formally incorporated in Rome during the IIAS Congress of 1971. IASIA now has a worldwide membership of over 170 institutions in sixty-one countries as well as several international organizations. Members are grouped in seven geographical regions. The activities of its members include education and training of administrators and managers and related research, consulting, and publications. Its offices are at the headquarters of the IIAS in Brussels, Belgium. The worldwide membership of IASIA provides individuals/organizations from various parts of the world having the same concerns with the opportunity to consider and advance their interests from a global perspective. This capacity at once makes mutual support and assistance more possible and helps serve the needs arising from the increasingly international nature of the environment in which governments and their public services are called upon to operate. It also facilitates initiatives that may enhance the institutional and operational effectiveness of member organizations and of the public sector internationally. IASIA is a not-for-profit association supported by membership fees, income from services, the voluntary services of its members, and contributions from funding organizations. IASIA Secretariat Rue Defacqz 1, Bte 11 B-1000 Brussels, Belgium Tel.: 32/2-536.08.89 Fax: 32/2-537.97.02 E-mail: [email protected], www.iiasiisa.be Grassroots Chiefs in Africa and the Afro-Caribbean Governance? Edited by Donald I. Ray University of Calgary and International Co-ordinator, Traditional Authority Applied Research Network (TAARN) and P. S. Reddy University of Durban–Westville and Project Director, Working Group on Local Government Management and Development, International Association of Schools and Institutes of Administration (IASIA) International Association of Schools and Institutes of Administration (IASIA) © 2003 D. I. Ray, P. S. Reddy, and the International Association of Schools and Institutes of Administration (IASIA). All rights reserved. University of Calgary Press 2500 University Drive NW Calgary, Alberta Canada T2N 1N4 www.uofcpress.com National Library of Canada Cataloguing in Publication Data Main entry under title: Grassroots governance? : chiefs in Africa and the Afro-Caribbean / Donald I. Ray, P.S. Reddy, eds. (Africa : missing voices, ISSN 1703-1826 ; 1) Copublished by: International Association of Schools and Institutes of Administration. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 1-55238-080-7 Issued also in electronic format: ISBN 978-1-55238-565-4 ISBN 978-1-55238-357-5 1. Local government—Africa, Sub-Saharan. 2. Local government—Caribbean Area. I. Ray, Donald Iain, 1949– II. Reddy, P. S. (Purshottama Sivanarian), 1957– III. International Association of Schools and Institutes of Administration. IV. Series. JS7525.G72 2002 352.14’0967 C2002-911251-6 We acknowledge the financial support of the Government of Canada through the Book Publishing Industry Development Program (BPIDP) for our publishing activities. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior written consent of the publisher or a licence from The Canadian Copyright Licensing Agency (Access Copyright). For an Access Copyright licence, visit www.accesscopyright.ca or call toll free to 1-800-893-5777. Printed and bound in Canada by Transcontinental Printing This book is printed on acid-free paper. Page, cover design, and typesetting by Mieka West. CONTENTS Summary vi Preface by P.S. Reddy 6 vii Local Governance in Lesotho: The Central Role of Chiefs 1 Tim Quinlan and Malcolm Wallis Rural Local Governance and · 145 · Traditional Leadership in Africa and the Afro-Caribbean: Policy and Research Implications from Africa to 7 the Americas and Australasia Traditional Authorities, Local Donald I.
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