Key to Abbreviations

Height Soil Type Height of , in feet1 - varies from state to state, A Average moisture, soil type soil, growing season, other factors a mixture of loam, humis D Dry soil, average type Cl Clay soil H1 Smallest average height M Moist soil, average type H2 Largest average height W Wet soil, average type .08' = 1" Wa Water's edge or in water .16' = 2" Wd Well-drained soil .25' = 3" .33' = 4" Tolerance .5' = 6" DT Drought Tolerant .66' = 8" WT Wet Tolerant .75' = 9" .83' = 10" Color Spread A All colors, see description Diameter of full grown plant, B Blue in feet, (see above) - Br Brown varies from state to state, soil, G Green growing season, other factors O Orange Determines spacing needs. Pn Pink Spr1 Smallest average spread Pr Purple Spr2 Largest average spread R Red Y Yellow Sunlight W White Amount of sunlight preferred by plant. Usually has range of Attraction sunlight requirements. Follow B Attracts birds requirements carefully. Usually H Attracts Partial Sun prefer afternoon Bt Y, attracts butterflies sun, while Partial Shade plants Y1, attracts moths prefer morning sun. GW Y, attracts general wildlife FS Full Sun N, may repel wildlife PS Partial Sun PSh Partial Shade FSh Full Shade

Bloomtime Usual time plant blooms, may vary slightly from state to state Bloomtime listed by Month

Page 1 TABLE 1 Partial Listing of Kentucky Wildflowers by Common Name

See KEY for abbreviation explanation

Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Aloe, American, or False virginica 3' 6' 3' 4' FS PSh Jul Oct A D G W B Alumroot, Coral Bells Heuchera americana .75' 2' 1' 1.5' FS PSh May June Wd M G W Anenome, Canada, Meadow Anemone Anemone canadensis 1' 1.5' 1' FS FSh May Jul M W N Anenome, Rue Anemone thalictroides 2" 6" .5' .75' FSh PSh Apr May Wd W N Arrowhead, Duck Potato Sagittaria latifolia 1' 4' 1' 3' FS Jul Sep W Wa W Aster, Aromatic Aster oblongifolius 1.5' 1' 3' FS PS Sep Oct D Pr B Y Y Y Aster, Arrow-leaved Aster sagittifolius 3' 4' PSh Jul Sep W Wa B W Y Y Y Aster, Calico, Lady in Black Aster laterifolius 3' 4' 2' 3' FS Sep Oct A W Y Y Y Aster, Crooked Stemmed Aster prenanthoides 1' 2' 1' FS PS Sep Oct M We Pr Y Y Y Aster, Golden Chrysopsis mariana 2' 3' 2' 3' FS PS Sep Oct Wd G Y Y Aster, New England Aster novae-angliae 4' 5' 2' 3' FS Sep Oct A Pr Y Y Y Aster, Short's Aster shortii 2' 3' PSh FSh Sep Oct Wd B Y Y Y Aster, Silky Aster sericeus 1.5' 2.5' 1.5' 2' FS Sep Oct D Pn Pr Y Y Y Aster, Sky Blue Aster azureus 2' 4' 1.5 2' FS Sep Oct D Cl B Y Y Aster, Smooth, Blue Aster, Stoke's Aster Aster laevis 2' 4' 1' 2' FS PS Sep Oct D Cl B Y Y Y Aster, Stiff Aster linarifolius, Ionactus linariifolius 1' 2' 2' 3' FS PS Sep Oct D B Pr Aster, Swamp Aster puniceus 2' 6' 2' 3' FS PS Aug Oct M A Pr Y Y Aster, White Wood Aster divaricata, Eurybia divaricata 1' 2.5' 1.5' 2.5' FS PS Aug Sep D Cl W Y Y Aster, Willow Aster praealtus 3' 5' FS Aug Sep M Pr Y Y Y Baneberry, White Actaea pachypoda 2' 3' 1' Fsh PSh May June Wd M W Beardtongue, Foxglove Penstemon digitalis 3' 4' 1.5' 2' FS PS Jun Jun Wd W Y Y Y Beardtongue, Hairy Penstemon hirsutus 2' 3' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Jun Jul Wd B W Y Y N Beardtongue, Purple, Dewflower Penstemon cobaea purputeus 1' 2' 1' 1.5' FS PS May June Wd W R Pr Y Y Beardtongue, Showy Penstemon cobaea 1' 3' 1' 1.5' FS PS May Jun A Pr Y Y Beardtongue, Small's Penstemon smallii 1' 2' .75' FS PS May Jun Wd Pn Pr Y Y Y Bell Flower, American Campanula americana 2' 6' 1.5' 2' PS Jun Sep M B Bellwort, Large-flowered Uvularia grandiflora 1' 1.5' 1' 1.5' Fsh Psh Apr M Y Bergamot, Wild Monarda fistulosa 3' 5' 2' 3' PS Jun Aug A Pr R Y Y1 Bishop's Cap, Miterwort Mitella diphylla .66' 1.5' 1' 2.5' PSh FSh Apr May M W

Page 2 Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Black Cohosh, Snakeroot, Bugbane Cimicifuga racemosa 2' 3' 2' 4' FSh PSh Jun Jul Wd W Y Y N Black-eyed Susan Rudbeckia hirta 2' 3' 1' 2' FS PS Jun Aug Wd Y Y Y Y Blazing Star, Dense, Spiked Liatris spicata 2' 4' .75' 1.5' FS Jun Aug Wd Pr Y Y N Blazing Star, Dwarf, Grayfeather Liatris cylindracea 1.5' 2' .5' 1' FS Jul Sep A D Pn Y Y Y Blazing Star, Prairie Liatris pycnostachya 2' 5' 1' 2' FS Jul Aug A M Pn Pr Y Y Y Blazing Star, Rough Liatris aspera 2' 3' 1' 1.5' FS Aug Oct A D Pn Pr Y Y Y Blazing Star, Southern Liatris squarosa 2' 3' FS Jul Oct D Pn Pr Y Y Y Blazing Star, Tiny-headed, Button Snakeroot Liatris microcephala .5' 2' .75' 1' FS PS Jul Wd Pn Pr Y Y Y Blood Root Sanquinaria canadensis .66' .83' .25' .5' FSh PSh Apr May A W Pn Blue Star, Eastern Amsonia tabernaemontana 3' 4' .75' 1' FS PS May June Wd M B Y N Bluebells, Virginia Mertensia virginiaca 1.5' 2' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May M Wd B Bluets, Canadian Summer Bluet, Houstonia canadensis .5' .66' FS May June D B W Bluets, Purple, Venus' Pride Houstonia purpurea, cerulea .5' .66' FSh PSh May June Wd Pr W Boltonia, False Aster Boltonia asteroides 2' 6' 2' 4' FS Aug Sep A W Pn B Y Y N Boneset, Thoroughwort Euphtorium perfoliatum 3' 5' 3 4' FS PS Aug Sep M W Y Y, Bradbury's Monarda Monarda bradburnia, M. bradburniana 2' 3' 1' 2' FS PSh May A D Pn W Pr Y Y Y1 Bundleflower, Illinois, Prairie B. Desmanthus illinoensis 2' 3' 2' 3' FS Jun Wd W Y Y Cactus, Prickly Pear Opuntia humifusa 2' 2' 3' FS D Y Cardinal Flower Lobelia cardialis 2' 4' 1' 2' FS PSh Jul Sep A M R Y Y Y Clover, Purple Prairie Dalea purpurea 1' 3' 1' 1.5' FS Jun Aug Wd Pr Y Y Clover, Round-headed Bush Lespedeza capitata 2' 4' 1' 2' FS PSh Jul Sep D A W Y Columbine, Wild Aquilegia canadensis 2' 3' 1' 1.5' FS FSh Apr May Wd R Y Y Y Compass Plant Silphium laciniatum 5' 9' 1.5' 3' FS Jul Sep Wd Y Y Y Coneflower, Glade Echinacea simulata 2' 3' 1' 2' FSh PSh Jun Jul A D Pn Y Y Coneflower, Orange Rudbeckia fulgida 2' 3' 2' 2.5' FS Jun Oct Wd Y Y Y Coneflower, Pale Purple Echinacea pallida 3' 4' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Jun Jul Wd D Pn Y Y Y Coneflower, Purple Echinacea purpurea 3' 4' 1.5' 2' FSh PSh Jun Aug Wd Pn Pr Y Y Y N Coneflower, Sweet Rudbeckia subtomentosa 3' 5' 1' 2' FS PSh Jul Oct Wd Y Y Y Coneflower, Yellow Ratibida pinnata 3' 5' 1.5' 2' FS Jun Aug Wd Y Y Y Coreopsis, Eared C., Mouse-eared C. Coreopsis auriculata .5' 1.5' .5' .75' FS PS May Jun Wd Y O Y Y Y N Coreopsis, Lanceleaf C., Tickseed C. Coreopsis lanceolata 1' 2' 1' 1.5' FS May Jul Wd D Y Y Y Y N Coreopsis, Tall Coreopsis tripteris 7' 8' 2' 8' FS Jul Sep Wd D Y Y Y Y N Crossvine Bignonia capreolata 3.5' 50' 6' 9' Sh May Jun A R Y Y Culver's Root Veronicastrum virginicum 4' 6' 2' 4' FS PS May Aug A W W Y Y

Page 3 Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Cup Plant Silphium perfoliatum 4' 8' 1' 3' FS Jul Sep A W Y Y Y Dock, Cut Prairie, Tansy Rosinweed Silphium pinnatifidum 2' 3' FS Jul Sep A Y Dock, Prairie Silphium terebinthinaceum 6' 8' 1' 3' FS Jul Sep A Y Y Y Dutchman's Breeches Dicentra cucullaria .33' 1' .5' 1' FSh PSh Apr May Wd W Early Saxifrage Saxifraga virginiana .66' .83' .5' FSj PSh Mar May M W W Fameflower, or Limestone F. Talinum calcaricum .66' .83' .75' 1' FS Jul Wd Pn Y Fire Pink, Catchfly Silene virginica 1' 1.5' .75' 1.5' FS PSh Apr Jul D Wd R Y Foamflower Tiarella cordifolia .75' 1' 1' 2' FSh PSh Apr May A W Galax Galax aphylla 1' 2.5' 1' PSh May Jul M W R Gaura Gaura biennis 4' 5' FS Jun Oct M D Pn W Y1 Gentian, Bottle, Closed G. Gentiana andrewsii 1' 2' 1' 1.5' PSh Sep Oct M B Gentian, White Gentiana alba 1' 2' FS PS Aug Sep M Wd W Geranium, Wild Geranium maculatum 1.5' 2' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr June Wd Pn Y Y Ginger, Wild Asarum canadense .5' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May Wd R Br Y Ginseng, American Ginseng Panax quinquefolia 1' 2' .75' 1' PSh FSh Jun Jul Wd W Goatsbeard Aruncus dioicus 4' 6' 2' 4' FS PS Apr May Wd W Y Golden Ragwort Senecio aureus .5' 1' .5' 2' PSh Apr M Y Y, Goldenrod, Elm-leaved Solidago ulmifolia 1' 3' PSh Aug Sep A D Y Y1 N Goldenrod, Fragrant, Sweet G. Solidago odora 2' 4' 1' 2' FS PSh Aug Sep A D Y N Goldenrod, Gray Solidago nemoralis .5' 2.5' .75' 2' FS PS Jul Oct Wd D Y Y Y N Goldenrod, Rigid Solidago rigida 3' 5' 1.5' 2.5' FS Aug Sep Wd Y Y N Goldenrod, Rough-leaved Solidago rugosa 2.5' 3' 2.5' 3' FS PS Sep Oct A M Y Y N Goldenrod, Showy Solidago speciosa 2' 3' 2' 3' FS Jul Sep A D Y Y N Goldenrod, Woodland, Bluestem G. Solidago caesia 1.5' 3' 1.5' 3' FS PSh Aug Oct A Y Y Y N Green and Gold, Golden Star Chrysogonum virginianum .33' .5' .75' 1.5' FSh PSh May Oct Wd Y Green Dragon Arisaema dractonium 1' 3' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh May June M G Y Hairy Alumroot Heuchera villosa 1.5' 3' 1.5 2' FS PSh Aug Sep M G Hairy Angelica Angelica venosa 3' 6' FS PS Jul Sep A D W Y Hepatica, Round-lobed Hepatica americana .25' .75' .5' .75' PSh Mar Apr M Pn B W Hepatica, Sharp-lobed, Liverwort Hepatica acutiloba .25' 1' PSh Mar Apr Wd W Pr Horsemint Monarda punctata 1' 3' .75' 1' FS PSh Jun Jul Wd D Y Pr Y Y Hyancinth, Wild Camassia scilloides 3' FSh PSh Apr May Wd B Indian Hemp, Dogbane Apocynum cannabinum 2' 4' 1.5' 2.5' FS PSh Jul Aug A G Y Indian Psychic, American Ipecac Gillenia stipulata 2' 3' FS PS May Jun A M W Pn Y

Page 4 Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Indigo, Cream False, Buffalo Pea Baptisia leucophaea 2' 3' FS PS Jun Jul D W Y Y N Indigo, White False Baptisia lactea 3' 5' 2' 3' FS PSh Jun Jul M W Y Y N Indigo, Wild Blue/False Baptisia australis 3' 5' 3' 4' FS PSh May June A B Y Y Y N Indigo, Wild White Baptisia alba 3' 5' 2 2.5' FS PSh May Jun M W Y Y N Iris, Blue Flag Iris virginica 2' 2.5' 2' 2.5' FS PSh May Jun M W B Y Y Iris, Blue-eyed Grass Sisyrinchium angustifolium .5' 1.5' .5' 1.5' FS May Jun Wd B Pr Iris, Copper Iris fulva 2' 3' 1' 2' FS PSh Jun Jul W M O Y Y Iris, Dwarf Crested Iris cristata .5' .66' .5' 1' FS PSh Apr May Wd B Ironweed Vernonia altissima 4' 6' 3' 6' FS PS Aug Sep A W Pn Pr Y Y Ironweed, Giant Vernonia gigantea 5' 8' 3' 6' FS PS Aug Sep A W Pn Pr Y Y Jack-in-the-Pulpit Arisaema triphyllum 1' 2' 1' 1.5' FSh PSsh Apr May M G Pr Jacob's Ladder, Greek Valerian Polemonium reptans 1' 1.5' 1' 1.5' FS PSh Apr Jun Wd B Jersulem Artichoke, Sunflower A. Helianthus tuberosus 4' 10' FS Aug Sep M Y Joe-Pye Weed Eupatorium purpureum 4' 8' 2' 4' FS PS Jul Sep M Pn Y Y N Lady's Slipper, Kentucky Cypripedium kentuckiensis 1' 2' FSh PSh May Wd Y Lady's Slipper, Large Yellow Cypripedium pubescens 1' 2' PSh May M Pn Leaf Cup, Bearsfoot Polymnia uvedalia 6' 8' FS PS Jul Sep A Cl Y Y Lespedeza, Virginia Lespedeza virginica 2' 4' PS FSh May Sep A Pn Lily, Turkscap Lilium superbum 4' 7' .5' .75' FS PS Jul A W O Y Lizard Tail Saururus cernuus 1' 2' 1' 2' PSh Sep W Wa W Lobelia, Great Blue Lobelia siphilitica 2' 3' 1' 1.5' FS PSh Jul Sep A M B Y Lobelia, Spiked Lobelia spicata 2' 3' FS PSh Jun Aug A Wd B W Y Lobelia, White Lobelia siphilitica, var. alba 2' 3' 1' 1.5' FS PSh Jul Sep A M W Y Marigold, Marsh Caltha palustrus 1' 1.5' 1' 1.5' FS PS Apr June W Wa Y Mayapple Podophyllum peltatum 1' 1.5' .75' 1' FSh PSh Apr Jun Wd W Meadow Rue, Tall Thalictrum polygamum 3' 6' FS PSh Jun Jul W M W Y Meehania, Meehan's Mint Meehania cordata .33' .5' .25' 1.5' FSh PSh May Jun A B Pn Milkvetch Astragalus canadensis 2' 4' 2' 4' FS Jun Aug Wd W Y Y Y Milkweed, Butterfly, Pleurisy Root Asclepias tuberosa 1' 4' 1' 1.5' FS May Sep D Cl O Y Y Y N Milkweed, Common Asclepias syriaca 3' 5' 3' 4' FS PS Jun Aug Wd Pn Pr Y Y Milkweed, Ozark, Green M., Spider M. Asclepias viridis 2' 3' 2' 3' FS PS May Jul D Cl G W Pr Y Y Milkweed, Purple Asclepias purpurea 2' 3' 1' 3' FS PS May Jul M Pr Y Y Milkweed, Swamp, Marsh M. Asclepias incarnata 3' 5' 2' 3' FS PS May Jul M Pn Y Y Milkweed, Whorled Asclepias verticillata 1' 2' FS May Sep W Y Y Y

Page 5 Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Mint, Downy Wood, Ohio Horsemint Blephilia ciliata 1' 1.5' .75' 1.5' FS PS May Jul Wd Pr Y Y Y Mint, Hairy Wood, Hairy Pagoda Blephilia hirsuta 2' 4' .75' 1.5' FSh PSh May Sep A W Pr Y Mint, Short Tooth Mountain Pycnanthemum muticum 3' 4' FS PS Jul Aug A W Pr Y Y Mint, Slender Mountain Pycnanthemum tenuifolium 2' 3' 2' 3' FS PSh Jul Sep Wd W Y Y Mistflower, Blue M. Eupatorium coelestinum 3' FS PS Jul Oct M W B Pr Y Monkeyflower Mimulus alatus 1' 3' PSh FSh Jun Sep M W Pr W Pn Y Y Nodding Wild Onion Allium cernuum 1' 2' .25' .5' FS PS Jul Aug Wd Pn W Y N Obedient Plant Physotegia virginiana 3' 4' 2' 3' FS PS Jun Sep Wd Pn Y Y Partridge Berry Mitchella repens .08' .16" .5' 1' FSh PSh May Jul A W N Passionflower Vine, Maypop Passiflora incarnata 6' 8' 3' 6' FS PSh Jul Sep A W Pr Y Petunia, Wild Ruellia strepens, R. humilis 1' 3' 1' 1.5' PSh May Aug Wd B Pr Y Y Phacelia Phacelia bipinnaifida 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May Wd B Phlox, Carolina Phlox caroliniana 2' 3' FS PS Jul M Pn Pr Y Y Y Phlox, Creeping Moss Phlox subulata 2" 6" .5' 2' FS Apr May Wd Pn Pr W Y Y Y Phlox, Downy Phlox pilosa 1' 1.5' .75' 1' FS May Jul Wd Pn Y Y Y Phlox, Garden Phlox paniculata 1' 1.5' .75' 1' FS PSh Jul Sep Wd Pn R W Y Y Y Y Phlox, Meadow, Wild Sweet William Phlox maculata 1' 2' 1' 1.5' FS PSh Jun Oct A M Pn W Y Y Y Phlox, Smooth Phlox amoena 2' 3' FSh PSh Jun Jul A M R Pn Y Y Y Y Phlox, Wild Blue, Wild Sweet William Phlox divaricata 1' 1.5' .75' 1' FSj PSh Apr May A M B Pr Y Y Y Pickerel Rush, Pickeral Weed Pontederia cordata 2' 4' 1.5' 2' FS PS Jun Oct W Wa B Y Plantain, Water Alisma subcordatum 1' 2' Fsh PSh Jul Sep W Wa W Poppy Mallow Callirhoe papaver .5' FS Jun Aug D Pn Poppy, Celandine Stylophorum diphyllum 1' 1.5' .75' 1' FSh PSh Apr Jun A M Y Prairie Clover, White, Dove White P.C. Dalea candidum 2' 3' .75' 1.5' FS May Jul Wd W Y Y Y Primrose, Large-flowered, Evening Oenothera grandiflora 3' 5' FS PS Jun Aug A Y Y Y N Primrose, Missouri Oenothera missouriense .66' .83' FS Jul Aug A D Y Y Y Y Primrose, Showy, Pink Ladies Oenothera speciosa .75' 2' 1.5' FS May June D Wd W Pn Y Y Quinine, Wild, Feverfew Parthenium integrifolium 3' 4' 1' 2' FS PS May Aug Wd W Rattlesnake Master Eryngium yuccifolium 3' 4' 2' 3' FS PS Jul Aug A W Y Y Y Rose Mallow Hibiscus moscheutos 2' 2.5' 1.5' 2' FS Aug Sep M W W Pn Y Y Y Rosinweed Silphium integrifolium 2' 6' 1' 3' FS Jul Sep A Y Y Y Rosinweed, Whorled Silphium trifoliatum 4' 10' FS Jun Sep A Y G Y Royal Catchfly Silene regia 2.5' 3' FS PS Jul Aug Wd R Pn Y Y Y Rush, Winter Scouring Equisetum hyemale 3' 1' 6' FS PS Jun Jul M Wa G

Page 6 Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Sage, Blue Salvia azurea 3' 4' 2' 3' FS Jul Oct Wd D B Y Y Y Sedum, Stonecrop Sedum ternatum .33' .5' .5' PSh FS Apr May Wd Pn W Y Senna, Wild Cassia marilandica 4' 6' 4' 6' FS PS Jul Sep Wd Y Y Y Y Shooting Star Dodecatheon meadia 1' 1.5' .75' 1' FSh PSh Apr May Wd W Pn Skullcap, Downy Skutellaria incana 2' 3' 1.5' 2' FS PSh Jul Sep A B Sneeze-weed, Autumn Helenium autumnale 3' 5' 2' 3' FS Aug Oct A W Y G Y Y Sneeze-weed, Purple Headed Helenium nudiflorum, H flexuosum 1.5' 3' 1.25' 1.5' FS Jun Oct M Y Y Y Solomon's Seal Polygonatum biflorum 1' 3' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May M D G W Solomon's Seal, False Maianthemum racemosa 1.5' 3' 2' 3' FSh PSh Apr May A W Y Southern Harebell, Appalachia Bellflower Campanula divaricata 1' 3' FS PS Jul Sep Wd B Pr Spiderwort, Ohio Tradescantia ohiensis 2' 3' 1.5' 2' FS PSh May Jul A Wd B Pn Spiderwort, Virginia, V. Spiderlily Tradescantia virginiana 1.5' 3' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh May Jul Wd Pr B Spurge, Flowering Euphorbia corollata 2' 3' FS May Aug Wd D W N Squirrel Corn, Turkey Corn Dicentra canadensis .5' 1' FSh PSh Apr May Wd W Y St. John's Wort, Goatweed Hypericum perferatum 2.5' FS PS Jun Aug Wd Y Y Strawberry, Wild Fragaria virginiana .5' FS PS Apr May A W Y Y Y Y Sundrops Oenothera fruiticosa 1' 1.5' 1' 2' FS May Jun A D Y Y Y Sunflower, Downy, Ashy S. Helianthus mollis 3' 4' FS Jun Oct Wd Y O Y Y Y Sunflower, Giant, Toothleaved S. Helianthus giganteus 3' 10' 1' 3' FS Jul Oct M Y Y N Sunflower, Narrow-leaved S., Swamp S. Helanthus angustifolius 3' 6' FS PS Sep Nov M Y Y Y Y Sunflower, Oxeye, False S. Heliopsis helianthoides 3' 6' 1' 4' FS Jun Aug Wd D Y Y Sunflower, Rough-leaved, Hairy S. Helianthus hirsutus 3' 6' 3' FS PS Jul Aug A D Y Y Y Sunflower, Tickseed Bidens aristosa 1' 5' FS Aug Oct A D Y Y Sunflower, Western Helianthus occidentialis 2' 4' 1.5' 2' FS Aug Sep Wd D Y Y Y Y Susan, Brown-eyed Rudbeckia triloba 2' 3' 1' 1.5' FS PS Jul Oct Wd Y Y Y Sweet Flag Acorus calamus 3' 4' FS May Aug W Wa G Thimbleflower, Thimbleweed Anemone virginiana 1' 2' 1' 1.5' FS PS Apr May D Cl W Y Y N Tickseed, Wood Coreopsis major 2' 3' 1' 2' FS Jun Jul A D Y Y Trillium, Bent Trillium, flexipes .75' 2' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May A W Trillium, Erect Red, Wake Robin Trillium, erectum .75' 1.5' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr Jun A R Trillium, Erect Yellow, Wood Lily Trillium, erectum f. luteum .75' 2' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May A G Y Trillium, Large White Trillium, grandiflorum 1' 1.5' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr Jun A W Pn Trillium, Prairie Trillium, recurvatum 1' 1.5' .75' 1' FSj PSh Apr Jun A R Trillium, Toad Shade, Sweet Betsey Trillium, cuneatum .33' 1' .5' 1' FSh Apr Jun A R Pr

Page 7 Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Trillium, Yellow Trillium, luteum 1' 1.5' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May Wd Y Trumpet Vine, Trumpet Creeper Campsis radicans 25' 40' 5' 10' FS PS Jul Sep M R O Y Y Turtlehead Chelone glabra 2' 3' 1.5' 2.5' FSh PSh Aug Oct A Wd W Pn Y Y Y N Twinleaf Jeffersonia diphylla .75' 1.5' .5' .75' FSh PSh Apr May A W Vase Vine, Bluebill, Yellowflower Clematis virginica 12' 15' 3' 4' FS PS May Jun M A Pn Pr Y Y Y N Verbena, Rose, Vervain Verbena canadensis .5' 1' FS PS Apr Oct Wd Pr Pn Y Y Vervain, Blue Verbena hastata 2' 6' 1' 2.5' FS PS Jul Sep W B Pr Y Y Violet, Birdfoot Viola pedata .25' .5' .25' .5' FS Mar May D Wd Pr Y Violet, Blue, Johnny Jumpup Viola papilionacea .25' .5' .25' .5' FSh FS Mar Jun Wd B Y Violet, Canadian Viola candensis .25' .5' .25' 5' FSh FS Mar Jun Wd W Y Violet, Labrador Viola labradorica .25' .5' .25' .5' FS PSh May A B Pr Y N Wild Pink Silene caroliniana .33' .5' .75' 1' FS PSh Apr May Wd Pn Y Y

Page 8 TABLE 2 Partial Listing of Kentucky Wildflowers by Latin Name

See KEY for abbreviation explanation

Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Sweet Flag Acorus calamus 3' 4' FS May Aug W Wa G Baneberry, White Actaea pachypoda 2' 3' 1' Fsh PSh May June Wd M W Plantain, Water Alisma subcordatum 1' 2' Fsh PSh Jul Sep W Wa W Nodding Wild Onion Allium cernuum 1' 2' .25' .5' FS PS Jul Aug Wd Pn W Y N Blue Star, Eastern Amsonia tabernaemontana 3' 4' .75' 1' FS PS May June Wd M B Y N Anenome, Canada, Meadow Anemone Anemone canadensis 1' 1.5' 1' FS FSh May Jul M W N Anenome, Rue Anemone thalictroides 2" 6" .5' .75' FSh PSh Apr May Wd W N Thimbleflower, Thimbleweed Anemone virginiana 1' 2' 1' 1.5' FS PS Apr May D Cl W Y Y N Hairy Angelica Angelica venosa 3' 6' FS PS Jul Sep A D W Y Indian Hemp, Dogbane Apocynum cannabinum 2' 4' 1.5' 2.5' FS PSh Jul Aug A G Y Columbine, Wild Aquilegia canadensis 2' 3' 1' 1.5' FS FSh Apr May Wd R Y Y Y Green Dragon Arisaema dractonium 1' 3' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh May June M G Y Jack-in-the-Pulpit Arisaema triphyllum 1' 2' 1' 1.5' FSh PSsh Apr May M G Pr Goatsbeard Aruncus dioicus 4' 6' 2' 4' FS PS Apr May Wd W Y Ginger, Wild Asarum canadense .5' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May Wd R Br Y Milkweed, Swamp, Marsh M. Asclepias incarnata 3' 5' 2' 3' FS PS May Jul M Pn Y Y Milkweed, Purple Asclepias purpurea 2' 3' 1' 3' FS PS May Jul M Pr Y Y Milkweed, Common Asclepias syriaca 3' 5' 3' 4' FS PS Jun Aug Wd Pn Pr Y Y Milkweed, Butterfly, Pleurisy Root Asclepias tuberosa 1' 4' 1' 1.5' FS May Sep D Cl O Y Y Y N Milkweed, Whorled Asclepias verticillata 1' 2' FS May Sep W Y Y Y Milkweed, Ozark, Green M., Spider M. Asclepias viridis 2' 3' 2' 3' FS PS May Jul D Cl G W Pr Y Y Aster, Sky Blue Aster azureus 2' 4' 1.5 2' FS Sep Oct D Cl B Y Y Aster, White Wood Aster divaricata, Eurybia divaricata 1' 2.5' 1.5' 2.5' FS PS Aug Sep D Cl W Y Y Aster, Smooth, Blue Aster, Stoke's Aster Aster laevis 2' 4' 1' 2' FS PS Sep Oct D Cl B Y Y Y Aster, Calico, Lady in Black Aster laterifolius 3' 4' 2' 3' FS Sep Oct A W Y Y Y Aster, Stiff Aster linarifolius, Ionactus linariifolius 1' 2' 2' 3' FS PS Sep Oct D B Pr Aster, New England Aster novae-angliae 4' 5' 2' 3' FS Sep Oct A Pr Y Y Y Aster, Aromatic Aster oblongifolius 1.5' 1' 3' FS PS Sep Oct D Pr B Y Y Y

Page 9 Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Aster, Willow Aster praealtus 3' 5' FS Aug Sep M Pr Y Y Y Aster, Crooked Stemmed Aster prenanthoides 1' 2' 1' FS PS Sep Oct M We Pr Y Y Y Aster, Swamp Aster puniceus 2' 6' 2' 3' FS PS Aug Oct M A Pr Y Y Aster, Arrow-leaved Aster sagittifolius 3' 4' PSh Jul Sep W Wa B W Y Y Y Aster, Silky Aster sericeus 1.5' 2.5' 1.5' 2' FS Sep Oct D Pn Pr Y Y Y Aster, Short's Aster shortii 2' 3' PSh FSh Sep Oct Wd B Y Y Y Milkvetch Astragalus canadensis 2' 4' 2' 4' FS Jun Aug Wd W Y Y Y Indigo, Wild White Baptisia alba 3' 5' 2 2.5' FS PSh May Jun M W Y Y N Indigo, Wild Blue/False Baptisia australis 3' 5' 3' 4' FS PSh May June A B Y Y Y N Indigo, White False Baptisia lactea 3' 5' 2' 3' FS PSh Jun Jul M W Y Y N Indigo, Cream False, Buffalo Pea Baptisia leucophaea 2' 3' FS PS Jun Jul D W Y Y N Sunflower, Tickseed Bidens aristosa 1' 5' FS Aug Oct A D Y Y Crossvine Bignonia capreolata 3.5' 50' 6' 9' Sh May Jun A R Y Y Mint, Downy Wood, Ohio Horsemint Blephilia ciliata 1' 1.5' .75' 1.5' FS PS May Jul Wd Pr Y Y Y Mint, Hairy Wood, Hairy Pagoda Blephilia hirsuta 2' 4' .75' 1.5' FSh PSh May Sep A W Pr Y Boltonia, False Aster Boltonia asteroides 2' 6' 2' 4' FS Aug Sep A W Pn B Y Y N Poppy Mallow Callirhoe papaver .5' FS Jun Aug D Pn Marigold, Marsh Caltha palustrus 1' 1.5' 1' 1.5' FS PS Apr June W Wa Y Hyancinth, Wild Camassia scilloides 3' FSh PSh Apr May Wd B Bell Flower, American Campanula americana 2' 6' 1.5' 2' PS Jun Sep M B Southern Harebell, Appalachia Bellflower Campanula divaricata 1' 3' FS PS Jul Sep Wd B Pr Trumpet Vine, Trumpet Creeper Campsis radicans 25' 40' 5' 10' FS PS Jul Sep M R O Y Y Senna, Wild Cassia marilandica 4' 6' 4' 6' FS PS Jul Sep Wd Y Y Y Y Turtlehead Chelone glabra 2' 3' 1.5' 2.5' FSh PSh Aug Oct A Wd W Pn Y Y Y N Green and Gold, Golden Star Chrysogonum virginianum .33' .5' .75' 1.5' FSh PSh May Oct Wd Y Aster, Golden Chrysopsis mariana 2' 3' 2' 3' FS PS Sep Oct Wd G Y Y Black Cohosh, Snakeroot, Bugbane Cimicifuga racemosa 2' 3' 2' 4' FSh PSh Jun Jul Wd W Y Y N Vase Vine, Bluebill, Yellowflower Clematis virginica 12' 15' 3' 4' FS PS May Jun M A Pn Pr Y Y Y N Coreopsis, Eared C., Mouse-eared C. Coreopsis auriculata .5' 1.5' .5' .75' FS PS May Jun Wd Y O Y Y Y N Coreopsis, Lanceleaf C., Tickseed C. Coreopsis lanceolata 1' 2' 1' 1.5' FS May Jul Wd D Y Y Y Y N Tickseed, Wood Coreopsis major 2' 3' 1' 2' FS Jun Jul A D Y Y Coreopsis, Tall Coreopsis tripteris 7' 8' 2' 8' FS Jul Sep Wd D Y Y Y Y N Lady's Slipper, Kentucky Cypripedium kentuckiensis 1' 2' FSh PSh May Wd Y Lady's Slipper, Large Yellow Cypripedium pubescens 1' 2' PSh May M Pn

Page 10 Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Prairie Clover, White, Dove White P.C. Dalea candidum 2' 3' .75' 1.5' FS May Jul Wd W Y Y Y Clover, Purple Prairie Dalea purpurea 1' 3' 1' 1.5' FS Jun Aug Wd Pr Y Y Bundleflower, Illinois, Prairie B. Desmanthus illinoensis 2' 3' 2' 3' FS Jun Wd W Y Y Squirrel Corn, Turkey Corn Dicentra canadensis .5' 1' FSh PSh Apr May Wd W Y Dutchman's Breeches Dicentra cucullaria .33' 1' .5' 1' FSh PSh Apr May Wd W Shooting Star Dodecatheon meadia 1' 1.5' .75' 1' FSh PSh Apr May Wd W Pn Coneflower, Pale Purple Echinacea pallida 3' 4' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Jun Jul Wd D Pn Y Y Y Coneflower, Purple Echinacea purpurea 3' 4' 1.5' 2' FSh PSh Jun Aug Wd Pn Pr Y Y Y N Coneflower, Glade Echinacea simulata 2' 3' 1' 2' FSh PSh Jun Jul A D Pn Y Y Rush, Winter Scouring Equisetum hyemale 3' 1' 6' FS PS Jun Jul M Wa G Rattlesnake Master Eryngium yuccifolium 3' 4' 2' 3' FS PS Jul Aug A W Y Y Y Mistflower, Blue M. Eupatorium coelestinum 3' FS PS Jul Oct M W B Pr Y Joe-Pye Weed Eupatorium purpureum 4' 8' 2' 4' FS PS Jul Sep M Pn Y Y N Spurge, Flowering Euphorbia corollata 2' 3' FS May Aug Wd D W N Boneset, Thoroughwort Euphtorium perfoliatum 3' 5' 3 4' FS PS Aug Sep M W Y Strawberry, Wild Fragaria virginiana .5' FS PS Apr May A W Y Y Y Y Galax Galax aphylla 1' 2.5' 1' PSh May Jul M W R Gaura Gaura biennis 4' 5' FS Jun Oct M D Pn W Y1 Gentian, White Gentiana alba 1' 2' FS PS Aug Sep M Wd W Gentian, Bottle, Closed G. Gentiana andrewsii 1' 2' 1' 1.5' PSh Sep Oct M B Geranium, Wild Geranium maculatum 1.5' 2' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr June Wd Pn Y Y Indian Psychic, American Ipecac Gillenia stipulata 2' 3' FS PS May Jun A M W Pn Y Sunflower, Narrow-leaved S., Swamp S. Helanthus angustifolius 3' 6' FS PS Sep Nov M Y Y Y Y Sneeze-weed, Autumn Helenium autumnale 3' 5' 2' 3' FS Aug Oct A W Y G Y Y Sneeze-weed, Purple Headed Helenium nudiflorum, H flexuosum 1.5' 3' 1.25' 1.5' FS Jun Oct M Y Y Y Sunflower, Giant, Toothleaved S. Helianthus giganteus 3' 10' 1' 3' FS Jul Oct M Y Y N Sunflower, Rough-leaved, Hairy S. Helianthus hirsutus 3' 6' 3' FS PS Jul Aug A D Y Y Y Sunflower, Downy, Ashy S. Helianthus mollis 3' 4' FS Jun Oct Wd Y O Y Y Y Sunflower, Western Helianthus occidentialis 2' 4' 1.5' 2' FS Aug Sep Wd D Y Y Y Y Jersulem Artichoke, Sunflower A. Helianthus tuberosus 4' 10' FS Aug Sep M Y Sunflower, Oxeye, False S. Heliopsis helianthoides 3' 6' 1' 4' FS Jun Aug Wd D Y Y Hepatica, Sharp-lobed, Liverwort Hepatica acutiloba .25' 1' PSh Mar Apr Wd W Pr Hepatica, Round-lobed Hepatica americana .25' .75' .5' .75' PSh Mar Apr M Pn B W Alumroot, Coral Bells Heuchera americana .75' 2' 1' 1.5' FS PSh May June Wd M G W

Page 11 Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Rose Mallow Hibiscus moscheutos 2' 2.5' 1.5' 2' FS Aug Sep M W W Pn Y Y Y Bluets, Canadian Summer Bluet, Houstonia canadensis .5' .66' FS May June D B W Bluets, Purple, Venus' Pride Houstonia purpurea, cerulea .5' .66' FSh PSh May June Wd Pr W Hairy Alumroot Heuchera villosa 1.5' 3' 1.5 2' FS PSh Aug Sep M G St. John's Wort, Goatweed Hypericum perferatum 2.5' FS PS Jun Aug Wd Y Y Iris, Dwarf Crested Iris cristata .5' .66' .5' 1' FS PSh Apr May Wd B Iris, Copper Iris fulva 2' 3' 1' 2' FS PSh Jun Jul W M O Y Y Iris, Blue Flag Iris virginica 2' 2.5' 2' 2.5' FS PSh May Jun M W B Y Y Twinleaf Jeffersonia diphylla .75' 1.5' .5' .75' FSh PSh Apr May A W Blazing Star, Dwarf, Grayfeather Liatris cylindracea 1.5' 2' .5' 1' FS Jul Sep A D Pn Y Y Y Blazing Star, Southern Liatris squarosa 2' 3' FS Jul Oct D Pn Pr Y Y Y Clover, Round-headed Bush Lespedeza capitata 2' 4' 1' 2' FS PSh Jul Sep D A W Y Lespedeza, Virginia Lespedeza virginica 2' 4' PS FSh May Sep A Pn Blazing Star, Rough Liatris aspera 2' 3' 1' 1.5' FS Aug Oct A D Pn Pr Y Y Y Blazing Star, Tiny-headed, Button Snakeroot Liatris microcephala .5' 2' .75' 1' FS PS Jul Wd Pn Pr Y Y Y Blazing Star, Prairie Liatris pycnostachya 2' 5' 1' 2' FS Jul Aug A M Pn Pr Y Y Y Blazing Star, Dense, Spiked Liatris spicata 2' 4' .75' 1.5' FS Jun Aug Wd Pr Y Y N Lily, Turkscap Lilium superbum 4' 7' .5' .75' FS PS Jul A W O Y Cardinal Flower Lobelia cardialis 2' 4' 1' 2' FS PSh Jul Sep A M R Y Y Y Lobelia, Great Blue Lobelia siphilitica 2' 3' 1' 1.5' FS PSh Jul Sep A M B Y Lobelia, White Lobelia siphilitica, var. alba 2' 3' 1' 1.5' FS PSh Jul Sep A M W Y Lobelia, Spiked Lobelia spicata 2' 3' FS PSh Jun Aug A Wd B W Y Aloe, American, or False Agave virginica 3' 6' 3' 4' FS PSh Jul Oct A D G W B Meehania, Meehan's Mint Meehania cordata .33' .5' .25' 1.5' FSh PSh May Jun A B Pn Bluebells, Virginia Mertensia virginiaca 1.5' 2' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May M Wd B Monkeyflower Mimulus alatus 1' 3' PSh FSh Jun Sep M W Pr W Pn Y Y Partridge Berry Mitchella repens .08' .16" .5' 1' FSh PSh May Jul A W N Bishop's Cap, Miterwort Mitella diphylla .66' 1.5' 1' 2.5' PSh FSh Apr May M W Bergamot, Wild Monarda fistulosa 3' 5' 2' 3' PS Jun Aug A Pr R Y Y1 Horsemint Monarda punctata 1' 3' .75' 1' FS PSh Jun Jul Wd D Y Pr Y Y Sundrops Oenothera fruiticosa 1' 1.5' 1' 2' FS May Jun A D Y Y Y Primrose, Large-flowered, Evening Oenothera grandiflora 3' 5' FS PS Jun Aug A Y Y Y N Primrose, Missouri Oenothera missouriense .66' .83' FS Jul Aug A D Y Y Y Y Primrose, Showy, Pink Ladies Oenothera speciosa .75' 2' 1.5' FS May June D Wd W Pn Y Y

Page 12 Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Cactus, Prickly Pear Opuntia humifusa 2' 2' 3' FS D Y Ginseng, American Ginseng Panax quinquefolia 1' 2' .75' 1' PSh FSh Jun Jul Wd W Quinine, Wild, Feverfew Parthenium integrifolium 3' 4' 1' 2' FS PS May Aug Wd W Passionflower Vine, Maypop Passiflora incarnata 6' 8' 3' 6' FS PSh Jul Sep A W Pr Y Beardtongue, Purple, Dewflower Penstemon cobaea purputeus 1' 2' 1' 1.5' FS PS May June Wd W R Pr Y Y Beardtongue, Foxglove Penstemon digitalis 3' 4' 1.5' 2' FS PS Jun Jun Wd W Y Y Y Beardtongue, Hairy Penstemon hirsutus 2' 3' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Jun Jul Wd B W Y Y N Beardtongue, Showy Penstemon cobaea 1' 3' 1' 1.5' FS PS May Jun A Pr Y Y Beardtongue, Small's Penstemon smallii 1' 2' .75' FS PS May Jun Wd Pn Pr Y Y Y Phacelia Phacelia bipinnaifida 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May Wd B Phlox, Smooth Phlox amoena 2' 3' FSh PSh Jun Jul A M R Pn Y Y Y Y Phlox, Carolina Phlox caroliniana 2' 3' FS PS Jul M Pn Pr Y Y Y Phlox, Wild Blue, Wild Sweet William Phlox divaricata 1' 1.5' .75' 1' FSj PSh Apr May A M B Pr Y Y Y Phlox, Meadow, Wild Sweet William Phlox maculata 1' 2' 1' 1.5' FS PSh Jun Oct A M Pn W Y Y Y Phlox, Garden Phlox paniculata 1' 1.5' .75' 1' FS PSh Jul Sep Wd Pn R W Y Y Y Y Phlox, Downy Phlox pilosa 1' 1.5' .75' 1' FS May Jul Wd Pn Y Y Y Phlox, Creeping Moss Phlox subulata 2" 6" .5' 2' FS Apr May Wd Pn Pr W Y Y Y Obedient Plant Physotegia virginiana 3' 4' 2' 3' FS PS Jun Sep Wd Pn Y Y Mayapple Podophyllum peltatum 1' 1.5' .75' 1' FSh PSh Apr Jun Wd W Jacob's Ladder, Greek Valerian Polemonium reptans 1' 1.5' 1' 1.5' FS PSh Apr Jun Wd B Solomon's Seal Polygonatum biflorum 1' 3' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May M D G W Leaf Cup, Bearsfoot Polymnia uvedalia 6' 8' FS PS Jul Sep A Cl Y Y Pickerel Rush, Pickeral Weed Pontederia cordata 2' 4' 1.5' 2' FS PS Jun Oct W Wa B Y Mint, Short Tooth Mountain Pycnanthemum muticum 3' 4' FS PS Jul Aug A W Pr Y Y Mint, Slender Mountain Pycnanthemum tenuifolium 2' 3' 2' 3' FS PSh Jul Sep Wd W Y Y Coneflower, Yellow Ratibida pinnata 3' 5' 1.5' 2' FS Jun Aug Wd Y Y Y Coneflower, Orange Rudbeckia fulgida 2' 3' 2' 2.5' FS Jun Oct Wd Y Y Y Black-eyed Susan Rudbeckia hirta 2' 3' 1' 2' FS PS Jun Aug Wd Y Y Y Y Coneflower, Sweet Rudbeckia subtomentosa 3' 5' 1' 2' FS PSh Jul Oct Wd Y Y Y Susan, Brown-eyed Rudbeckia triloba 2' 3' 1' 1.5' FS PS Jul Oct Wd Y Y Y Petunia, Wild Ruellia strepens, R. humilis 1' 3' 1' 1.5' PSh May Aug Wd B Pr Y Y Arrowhead, Duck Potato Sagittaria latifolia 1' 4' 1' 3' FS Jul Sep W Wa W Sage, Blue Salvia azurea 3' 4' 2' 3' FS Jul Oct Wd D B Y Y Y Blood Root Sanquinaria canadensis .66' .83' .25' .5' FSh PSh Apr May A W Pn

Page 13 Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Lizard Tail Saururus cernuus 1' 2' 1' 2' PSh Sep W Wa W Early Saxifrage Saxifraga virginiana .66' .83' .5' FSj PSh Mar May M W W Sedum, Stonecrop Sedum ternatum .33' .5' .5' PSh FS Apr May Wd Pn W Y Royal Catchfly Silene regia 2.5' 3' FS PS Jul Aug Wd R Pn Y Y Y Golden Ragwort Senecio aureus .5' 1' .5' 2' PSh Apr M Y Wild Pink Silene caroliniana .33' .5' .75' 1' FS PSh Apr May Wd Pn Y Y Fire Pink, Catchfly Silene virginica 1' 1.5' .75' 1.5' FS PSh Apr Jul D Wd R Y Rosinweed Silphium integrifolium 2' 6' 1' 3' FS Jul Sep A Y Y Y Compass Plant Silphium laciniatum 5' 9' 1.5' 3' FS Jul Sep Wd Y Y Y Cup Plant Silphium perfoliatum 4' 8' 1' 3' FS Jul Sep A W Y Y Y Dock, Cut Leaf Prairie, Tansy Rosinweed Silphium pinnatifidum 2' 3' FS Jul Sep A Y Dock, Prairie Silphium terebinthinaceum 6' 8' 1' 3' FS Jul Sep A Y Y Y Rosinweed, Whorled Silphium trifoliatum 4' 10' FS Jun Sep A Y G Y Iris, Blue-eyed Grass Sisyrinchium angustifolium .5' 1.5' .5' 1.5' FS May Jun Wd B Pr Skullcap, Downy Skutellaria incana 2' 3' 1.5' 2' FS PSh Jul Sep A B Solomon's Seal, False Maianthemum racemosa 1.5' 3' 2' 3' FSh PSh Apr May A W Y Goldenrod, Woodland, Bluestem G. Solidago caesia 1.5' 3' 1.5' 3' FS PSh Aug Oct A Y Y Y N Goldenrod, Gray Solidago nemoralis .5' 2.5' .75' 2' FS PS Jul Oct Wd D Y Y Y N Goldenrod, Fragrant, Sweet G. Solidago odora 2' 4' 1' 2' FS PSh Aug Sep A D Y N Goldenrod, Rigid Solidago rigida 3' 5' 1.5' 2.5' FS Aug Sep Wd Y Y N Goldenrod, Rough-leaved Solidago rugosa 2.5' 3' 2.5' 3' FS PS Sep Oct A M Y Y N Goldenrod, Showy Solidago speciosa 2' 3' 2' 3' FS Jul Sep A D Y Y N Y, Goldenrod, Elm-leaved Solidago ulmifolia 1' 3' PSh Aug Sep A D Y Y1 N Poppy, Celandine Stylophorum diphyllum 1' 1.5' .75' 1' FSh PSh Apr Jun A M Y Fameflower, or Limestone F. Talinum calcaricum .66' .83' .75' 1' FS Jul Wd Pn Y Meadow Rue, Tall Thalictrum polygamum 3' 6' FS PSh Jun Jul W M W Y Foamflower Tiarella cordifolia .75' 1' 1' 2' FSh PSh Apr May A W Spiderwort, Ohio Tradescantia ohiensis 2' 3' 1.5' 2' FS PSh May Jul A Wd B Pn Spiderwort, Virginia, V. Spiderlily Tradescantia virginiana 1.5' 3' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh May Jul Wd Pr B Trillium, Toad Shade, Sweet Betsey Trillium, cuneatum .33' 1' .5' 1' FSh Apr Jun A R Pr Trillium, Erect Red, Wake Robin Trillium, erectum .75' 1.5' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr Jun A R Trillium, Erect Yellow, Wood Lily Trillium, erectum f. luteum .75' 2' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May A G Y Trillium, Bent Trillium, flexipes .75' 2' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May A W Trillium, Large White Trillium, grandiflorum 1' 1.5' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr Jun A W Pn

Page 14 Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Trillium, Yellow Trillium, luteum 1' 1.5' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May Wd Y Trillium, Prairie Trillium, recurvatum 1' 1.5' .75' 1' FSj PSh Apr Jun A R Bellwort, Large-flowered Uvularia grandiflora 1' 1.5' 1' 1.5' Fsh Psh Apr M Y Verbena, Rose, Vervain Verbena canadensis .5' 1' FS PS Apr Oct Wd Pr Pn Y Y Vervain, Blue Verbena hastata 2' 6' 1' 2.5' FS PS Jul Sep W B Pr Y Y Ironweed Vernonia altissima 4' 6' 3' 6' FS PS Aug Sep A W Pn Pr Y Y Ironweed, Giant Vernonia gigantea 5' 8' 3' 6' FS PS Aug Sep A W Pn Pr Y Y Culver's Root Veronicastrum virginicum 4' 6' 2' 4' FS PS May Aug A W W Y Y Violet, Labrador Viola labradorica .25' .5' .25' .5' FS PSh May A B Pr Y N Violet, Blue, Johnny Jumpup Viola papilionacea .25' .5' .25' .5' FSh FS Mar Jun Wd B Y Violet, Birdfoot Viola pedata .25' .5' .25' .5' FS Mar May D Wd Pr Y Violet, Canadian Viola candensis .25' .5' .25' 5' FSh FS Mar Jun Wd W Y

Page 15 TABLE 3 Wildflowers That Prefer Full Sun

See KEY for abbreviation explanation Alphabetized by Common Name

Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Aloe, American, or False Agave virginica 3' 6' 3' 4' FS PSh Jul Oct A D G W B Alumroot, Coral Bells Heuchera americana .75' 2' 1' 1.5' FS PSh May June Wd M G W Anenome, Canada, Meadow Anemone Anemone canadensis 1' 1.5' 1' FS FSh May Jul M W N Arrowhead, Duck Potato Sagittaria latifolia 1' 4' 1' 3' FS Jul Sep W Wa W Aster, Aromatic Aster oblongifolius 1.5' 1' 3' FS PS Sep Oct D Pr B Y Y Y Aster, Calico, Lady in Black Aster laterifolius 3' 4' 2' 3' FS Sep Oct A W Y Y Y Aster, Crooked Stemmed Aster prenanthoides 1' 2' 1' FS PS Sep Oct M We Pr Y Y Y Aster, Golden Chrysopsis mariana 2' 3' 2' 3' FS PS Sep Oct Wd G Y Y Aster, New England Aster novae-angliae 4' 5' 2' 3' FS Sep Oct A Pr Y Y Y Aster, Silky Aster sericeus 1.5' 2.5' 1.5' 2' FS Sep Oct D Pn Pr Y Y Y Aster, Sky Blue Aster azureus 2' 4' 1.5 2' FS Sep Oct D Cl B Y Y Aster, Smooth, Blue Aster, Stoke's Aster Aster laevis 2' 4' 1' 2' FS PS Sep Oct D Cl B Y Y Y Aster, Stiff Aster linarifolius, Ionactus linariifolius 1' 2' 2' 3' FS PS Sep Oct D B Pr Aster, Swamp Aster puniceus 2' 6' 2' 3' FS PS Aug Oct M A Pr Y Y Aster, White Wood Aster divaricata, Eurybia divaricata 1' 2.5' 1.5' 2.5' FS PS Aug Sep D Cl W Y Y Aster, Willow Aster praealtus 3' 5' FS Aug Sep M Pr Y Y Y Beardtongue, Foxglove Penstemon digitalis 3' 4' 1.5' 2' FS PS Jun Jun Wd W Y Y Y Beardtongue, Purple, Dewflower Penstemon cobaea purputeus 1' 2' 1' 1.5' FS PS May June Wd W R Pr Y Y Beardtongue, Showy Penstemon cobaea 1' 3' 1' 1.5' FS PS May Jun A Pr Y Y Beardtongue, Small's Penstemon smallii 1' 2' .75' FS PS May Jun Wd Pn Pr Y Y Y Black-eyed Susan Rudbeckia hirta 2' 3' 1' 2' FS PS Jun Aug Wd Y Y Y Y Blazing Star, Dense, Spiked Liatris spicata 2' 4' .75' 1.5' FS Jun Aug Wd Pr Y Y N Blazing Star, Dwarf, Grayfeather Liatris cylindracea 1.5' 2' .5' 1' FS Jul Sep A D Pn Y Y Y Blazing Star, Prairie Liatris pycnostachya 2' 5' 1' 2' FS Jul Aug A M Pn Pr Y Y Y Blazing Star, Rough Liatris aspera 2' 3' 1' 1.5' FS Aug Oct A D Pn Pr Y Y Y Blazing Star, Southern Liatris squarosa 2' 3' FS Jul Oct D Pn Pr Y Y Y Blazing Star, Tiny-headed, Button Snakeroot Liatris microcephala .5' 2' .75' 1' FS PS Jul Wd Pn Pr Y Y Y Blue Star, Eastern Amsonia tabernaemontana 3' 4' .75' 1' FS PS May June Wd M B Y N

Page 16 Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Bluets, Canadian Summer Bluet, Houstonia canadensis .5' .66' FS May June D B W Boltonia, False Aster Boltonia asteroides 2' 6' 2' 4' FS Aug Sep A W Pn B Y Y N Boneset, Thoroughwort Euphtorium perfoliatum 3' 5' 3 4' FS PS Aug Sep M W Y Bundleflower, Illinois, Prairie B. Desmanthus illinoensis 2' 3' 2' 3' FS Jun Wd W Y Y Cactus, Prickly Pear Opuntia humifusa 2' 2' 3' FS D Y Cardinal Flower Lobelia cardialis 2' 4' 1' 2' FS PSh Jul Sep A M R Y Y Y Clover, Purple Prairie Dalea purpurea 1' 3' 1' 1.5' FS Jun Aug Wd Pr Y Y Clover, Round-headed Bush Lespedeza capitata 2' 4' 1' 2' FS PSh Jul Sep D A W Y Columbine, Wild Aquilegia canadensis 2' 3' 1' 1.5' FS FSh Apr May Wd R Y Y Y Compass Plant Silphium laciniatum 5' 9' 1.5' 3' FS Jul Sep Wd Y Y Y Coneflower, Orange Rudbeckia fulgida 2' 3' 2' 2.5' FS Jun Oct Wd Y Y Y Coneflower, Sweet Rudbeckia subtomentosa 3' 5' 1' 2' FS PSh Jul Oct Wd Y Y Y Coneflower, Yellow Ratibida pinnata 3' 5' 1.5' 2' FS Jun Aug Wd Y Y Y Coreopsis, Eared C., Mouse-eared C. Coreopsis auriculata .5' 1.5' .5' .75' FS PS May Jun Wd Y O Y Y Y N Coreopsis, Lanceleaf C., Tickseed C. Coreopsis lanceolata 1' 2' 1' 1.5' FS May Jul Wd D Y Y Y Y N Coreopsis, Tall Coreopsis tripteris 7' 8' 2' 8' FS Jul Sep Wd D Y Y Y Y N Culver's Root Veronicastrum virginicum 4' 6' 2' 4' FS PS May Aug A W W Y Y Cup Plant Silphium perfoliatum 4' 8' 1' 3' FS Jul Sep A W Y Y Y Dock, Cut Leaf Prairie, Tansy Rosinweed Silphium pinnatifidum 2' 3' FS Jul Sep A Y Dock, Prairie Silphium terebinthinaceum 6' 8' 1' 3' FS Jul Sep A Y Y Y Fameflower, or Limestone F. Talinum calcaricum .66' .83' .75' 1' FS Jul Wd Pn Y Fire Pink, Catchfly Silene virginica 1' 1.5' .75' 1.5' FS PSh Apr Jul D Wd R Y Gaura Gaura biennis 4' 5' FS Jun Oct M D Pn W Y1 Gentian, White Gentiana alba 1' 2' FS PS Aug Sep M Wd W Goatsbeard Aruncus dioicus 4' 6' 2' 4' FS PS Apr May Wd W Y Goldenrod, Fragrant, Sweet G. Solidago odora 2' 4' 1' 2' FS PSh Aug Sep A D Y N Goldenrod, Gray Solidago nemoralis .5' 2.5' .75' 2' FS PS Jul Oct Wd D Y Y Y N Goldenrod, Rigid Solidago rigida 3' 5' 1.5' 2.5' FS Aug Sep Wd Y Y N Goldenrod, Rough-leaved Solidago rugosa 2.5' 3' 2.5' 3' FS PS Sep Oct A M Y Y N Goldenrod, Showy Solidago speciosa 2' 3' 2' 3' FS Jul Sep A D Y Y N Goldenrod, Woodland, Bluestem G. Solidago caesia 1.5' 3' 1.5' 3' FS PSh Aug Oct A Y Y Y N Hairy Alumroot Heuchera villosa 1.5' 3' 1.5 2' FS PSh Aug Sep M G Hairy Angelica Angelica venosa 3' 6' FS PS Jul Sep A D W Y Horsemint Monarda punctata 1' 3' .75' 1' FS PSh Jun Jul Wd D Y Pr Y Y

Page 17 Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Indian Hemp, Dogbane Apocynum cannabinum 2' 4' 1.5' 2.5' FS PSh Jul Aug A G Y Indian Psychic, American Ipecac Gillenia stipulata 2' 3' FS PS May Jun A M W Pn Y Indigo, Cream False, Buffalo Pea Baptisia leucophaea 2' 3' FS PS Jun Jul D W Y Y N Indigo, White False Baptisia lactea 3' 5' 2' 3' FS PSh Jun Jul M W Y Y N Indigo, Wild Blue/False Baptisia australis 3' 5' 3' 4' FS PSh May June A B Y Y Y N Indigo, Wild White Baptisia alba 3' 5' 2 2.5' FS PSh May Jun M W Y Y N Iris, Blue Flag Iris virginica 2' 2.5' 2' 2.5' FS PSh May Jun M W B Y Y Iris, Blue-eyed Grass Sisyrinchium angustifolium .5' 1.5' .5' 1.5' FS May Jun Wd B Pr Iris, Copper Iris fulva 2' 3' 1' 2' FS PSh Jun Jul W M O Y Y Iris, Dwarf Crested Iris cristata .5' .66' .5' 1' FS PSh Apr May Wd B Ironweed Vernonia altissima 4' 6' 3' 6' FS PS Aug Sep A W Pn Pr Y Y Ironweed, Giant Vernonia gigantea 5' 8' 3' 6' FS PS Aug Sep A W Pn Pr Y Y Jacob's Ladder, Greek Valerian Polemonium reptans 1' 1.5' 1' 1.5' FS PSh Apr Jun Wd B Jersulem Artichoke, Sunflower A. Helianthus tuberosus 4' 10' FS Aug Sep M Y Joe-Pye Weed Eupatorium purpureum 4' 8' 2' 4' FS PS Jul Sep M Pn Y Y N Leaf Cup, Bearsfoot Polymnia uvedalia 6' 8' FS PS Jul Sep A Cl Y Y Lily, Turkscap Lilium superbum 4' 7' .5' .75' FS PS Jul A W O Y Lobelia, Great Blue Lobelia siphilitica 2' 3' 1' 1.5' FS PSh Jul Sep A M B Y Lobelia, Spiked Lobelia spicata 2' 3' FS PSh Jun Aug A Wd B W Y Lobelia, White Lobelia siphilitica, var. alba 2' 3' 1' 1.5' FS PSh Jul Sep A M W Y Marigold, Marsh Caltha palustrus 1' 1.5' 1' 1.5' FS PS Apr June W Wa Y Meadow Rue, Tall Thalictrum polygamum 3' 6' FS PSh Jun Jul W M W Y Milkvetch Astragalus canadensis 2' 4' 2' 4' FS Jun Aug Wd W Y Y Y Milkweed, Butterfly, Pleurisy Root Asclepias tuberosa 1' 4' 1' 1.5' FS May Sep D Cl O Y Y Y N Milkweed, Common Asclepias syriaca 3' 5' 3' 4' FS PS Jun Aug Wd Pn Pr Y Y Milkweed, Ozark, Green M., Spider M. Asclepias viridis 2' 3' 2' 3' FS PS May Jul D Cl G W Pr Y Y Milkweed, Purple Asclepias purpurea 2' 3' 1' 3' FS PS May Jul M Pr Y Y Milkweed, Swamp, Marsh M. Asclepias incarnata 3' 5' 2' 3' FS PS May Jul M Pn Y Y Milkweed, Whorled Asclepias verticillata 1' 2' FS May Sep W Y Y Y Mint, Downy Wood, Ohio Horsemint Blephilia ciliata 1' 1.5' .75' 1.5' FS PS May Jul Wd Pr Y Y Y Mint, Short Tooth Mountain Pycnanthemum muticum 3' 4' FS PS Jul Aug A W Pr Y Y Mint, Slender Mountain Pycnanthemum tenuifolium 2' 3' 2' 3' FS PSh Jul Sep Wd W Y Y Mistflower, Blue M. Eupatorium coelestinum 3' FS PS Jul Oct M W B Pr Y Nodding Wild Onion Allium cernuum 1' 2' .25' .5' FS PS Jul Aug Wd Pn W Y N

Page 18 Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Obedient Plant Physotegia virginiana 3' 4' 2' 3' FS PS Jun Sep Wd Pn Y Y Phlox, Carolina Phlox caroliniana 2' 3' FS PS Jul M Pn Pr Y Y Y Phlox, Creeping Moss Phlox subulata 2" 6" .5' 2' FS Apr May Wd Pn Pr W Y Y Y Phlox, Downy Phlox pilosa 1' 1.5' .75' 1' FS May Jul Wd Pn Y Y Y Phlox, Garden Phlox paniculata 1' 1.5' .75' 1' FS PSh Jul Sep Wd Pn R W Y Y Y Y Phlox, Meadow, Wild Sweet William Phlox maculata 1' 2' 1' 1.5' FS PSh Jun Oct A M Pn W Y Y Y Pickerel Rush, Pickeral Weed Pontederia cordata 2' 4' 1.5' 2' FS PS Jun Oct W Wa B Y Prairie Clover, White, Dove White P.C. Dalea candidum 2' 3' .75' 1.5' FS May Jul Wd W Y Y Y Primrose, Large-flowered, Evening Oenothera grandiflora 3' 5' FS PS Jun Aug A Y Y Y N Primrose, Missouri Oenothera missouriense .66' .83' FS Jul Aug A D Y Y Y Y Primrose, Showy, Pink Ladies Oenothera speciosa .75' 2' 1.5' FS May June D Wd W Pn Y Y Quinine, Wild, Feverfew Parthenium integrifolium 3' 4' 1' 2' FS PS May Aug Wd W Rattlesnake Master Eryngium yuccifolium 3' 4' 2' 3' FS PS Jul Aug A W Y Y Y Rose Mallow Hibiscus moscheutos 2' 2.5' 1.5' 2' FS Aug Sep M W W Pn Y Y Y Rosinweed Silphium integrifolium 2' 6' 1' 3' FS Jul Sep A Y Y Y Rosinweed, Whorled Silphium trifoliatum 4' 10' FS Jun Sep A Y G Y Royal Catchfly Silene regia 2.5' 3' FS PS Jul Aug Wd R Pn Y Y Y Rush, Winter Scouring Equisetum hyemale 3' 1' 6' FS PS Jun Jul M Wa G Sage, Blue Salvia azurea 3' 4' 2' 3' FS Jul Oct Wd D B Y Y Y Senna, Wild Cassia marilandica 4' 6' 4' 6' FS PS Jul Sep Wd Y Y Y Y Skullcap, Downy Skutellaria incana 2' 3' 1.5' 2' FS PSh Jul Sep A B Sneeze-weed, Autumn Helenium autumnale 3' 5' 2' 3' FS Aug Oct A W Y G Y Y Sneeze-weed, Purple Headed Helenium nudiflorum, H flexuosum 1.5' 3' 1.25' 1.5' FS Jun Oct M Y Y Y Southern Harebell, Appalachia Bellflower Campanula divaricata 1' 3' FS PS Jul Sep Wd B Pr Spiderwort, Ohio Tradescantia ohiensis 2' 3' 1.5' 2' FS PSh May Jul A Wd B Pn Spurge, Flowering Euphorbia corollata 2' 3' FS May Aug Wd D W N St. John's Wort, Goatweed Hypericum perferatum 2.5' FS PS Jun Aug Wd Y Y Strawberry, Wild Fragaria virginiana .5' FS PS Apr May A W Y Y Y Y Sundrops Oenothera fruiticosa 1' 1.5' 1' 2' FS May Jun A D Y Y Y Sunflower, Downy, Ashy S. Helianthus mollis 3' 4' FS Jun Oct Wd Y O Y Y Y Sunflower, Giant, Toothleaved S. Helianthus giganteus 3' 10' 1' 3' FS Jul Oct M Y Y N Sunflower, Narrow-leaved S., Swamp S. Helanthus angustifolius 3' 6' FS PS Sep Nov M Y Y Y Y Sunflower, Oxeye, False S. Heliopsis helianthoides 3' 6' 1' 4' FS Jun Aug Wd D Y Y Sunflower, Rough-leaved, Hairy S. Helianthus hirsutus 3' 6' 3' FS PS Jul Aug A D Y Y Y

Page 19 Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Sunflower, Tickseed Bidens aristosa 1' 5' FS Aug Oct A D Y Y Sunflower, Western Helianthus occidentialis 2' 4' 1.5' 2' FS Aug Sep Wd D Y Y Y Y Susan, Brown-eyed Rudbeckia triloba 2' 3' 1' 1.5' FS PS Jul Oct Wd Y Y Y Thimbleflower, Thimbleweed Anemone virginiana 1' 2' 1' 1.5' FS PS Apr May D Cl W Y Y N Tickseed, Wood Coreopsis major 2' 3' 1' 2' FS Jun Jul A D Y Y Verbena, Rose, Vervain Verbena canadensis .5' 1' FS PS Apr Oct Wd Pr Pn Y Y Vervain, Blue Verbena hastata 2' 6' 1' 2.5' FS PS Jul Sep W B Pr Y Y Violet, Birdfoot Viola pedata .25' .5' .25' .5' FS Mar May D Wd Pr Y Violet, Labrador Viola labradorica .25' .5' .25' .5' FS PSh May A B Pr Y N Wild Pink Silene caroliniana .33' .5' .75' 1' FS PSh Apr May Wd Pn Y Y

Wildflowers That May Also Prefer Full Sun Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Sedum, Stonecrop Sedum ternatum .33' .5' .5' PSh FS Apr May Wd Pn W Y Violet, Blue, Johnny Jumpup Viola papilionacea .25' .5' .25' .5' FSh FS Mar Jun Wd B Y Violet, Canadian Viola candensis .25' .5' .25' 5' FSh FS Mar Jun Wd W Y

Page 20 TABLE 4 Full Sun Wildflowers -- Bloom Time

See KEY for abbreviation explanation

Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Violet, Birdfoot Viola pedata .25' .5' .25' .5' FS Mar May D Wd Pr Y Columbine, Wild Aquilegia canadensis 2' 3' 1' 1.5' FS FSh Apr May Wd R Y Y Y Fire Pink, Catchfly Silene virginica 1' 1.5' .75' 1.5' FS PSh Apr Jul D Wd R Y Goatsbeard Aruncus dioicus 4' 6' 2' 4' FS PS Apr May Wd W Y Iris, Dwarf Crested Iris cristata .5' .66' .5' 1' FS PSh Apr May Wd B Jacob's Ladder, Greek Valerian Polemonium reptans 1' 1.5' 1' 1.5' FS PSh Apr Jun Wd B Marigold, Marsh Caltha palustrus 1' 1.5' 1' 1.5' FS PS Apr June W Wa Y Phlox, Creeping Moss Phlox subulata 2" 6" .5' 2' FS Apr May Wd Pn Pr W Y Y Y Strawberry, Wild Fragaria virginiana .5' FS PS Apr May A W Y Y Y Y Thimbleflower, Thimbleweed Anemone virginiana 1' 2' 1' 1.5' FS PS Apr May D Cl W Y Y N Verbena, Rose, Vervain Verbena canadensis .5' 1' FS PS Apr Oct Wd Pr Pn Y Y Wild Pink Silene caroliniana .33' .5' .75' 1' FS PSh Apr May Wd Pn Y Y Alumroot, Coral Bells Heuchera americana .75' 2' 1' 1.5' FS PSh May June Wd M G W Anenome, Canada, Meadow Anemone Anemone canadensis 1' 1.5' 1' FS FSh May Jul M W N Beardtongue, Purple, Dewflower Penstemon cobaea purputeus 1' 2' 1' 1.5' FS PS May June Wd W R Pr Y Y Beardtongue, Showy Penstemon cobaea 1' 3' 1' 1.5' FS PS May Jun A Pr Y Y Beardtongue, Small's Penstemon smallii 1' 2' .75' FS PS May Jun Wd Pn Pr Y Y Y Blue Star, Eastern Amsonia tabernaemontana 3' 4' .75' 1' FS PS May June Wd M B Y N Bluets, Canadian Summer Bluet, Houstonia canadensis .5' .66' FS May June D B W Coreopsis, Eared C., Mouse-eared C. Coreopsis auriculata .5' 1.5' .5' .75' FS PS May Jun Wd Y O Y Y Y N Coreopsis, Lanceleaf C., Tickseed C. Coreopsis lanceolata 1' 2' 1' 1.5' FS May Jul Wd D Y Y Y Y N Culver's Root Veronicastrum virginicum 4' 6' 2' 4' FS PS May Aug A W W Y Y Indian Psychic, American Ipecac Gillenia stipulata 2' 3' FS PS May Jun A M W Pn Y Indigo, Wild Blue/False Baptisia australis 3' 5' 3' 4' FS PSh May June A B Y Y Y N Indigo, Wild White Baptisia alba 3' 5' 2 2.5' FS PSh May Jun M W Y Y N Iris, Blue Flag Iris virginica 2' 2.5' 2' 2.5' FS PSh May Jun M W B Y Y Iris, Blue-eyed Grass Sisyrinchium angustifolium .5' 1.5' .5' 1.5' FS May Jun Wd B Pr

Page 21 Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Milkweed, Butterfly, Pleurisy Root Asclepias tuberosa 1' 4' 1' 1.5' FS May Sep D Cl O Y Y Y N Milkweed, Ozark, Green M., Spider M. Asclepias viridis 2' 3' 2' 3' FS PS May Jul D Cl G W Pr Y Y Milkweed, Purple Asclepias purpurea 2' 3' 1' 3' FS PS May Jul M Pr Y Y Milkweed, Swamp, Marsh M. Asclepias incarnata 3' 5' 2' 3' FS PS May Jul M Pn Y Y Milkweed, Whorled Asclepias verticillata 1' 2' FS May Sep W Y Y Y Mint, Downy Wood, Ohio Horsemint Blephilia ciliata 1' 1.5' .75' 1.5' FS PS May Jul Wd Pr Y Y Y Phlox, Downy Phlox pilosa 1' 1.5' .75' 1' FS May Jul Wd Pn Y Y Y Prairie Clover, White, Dove White P.C. Dalea candidum 2' 3' .75' 1.5' FS May Jul Wd W Y Y Y Primrose, Showy, Pink Ladies Oenothera speciosa .75' 2' 1.5' FS May June D Wd W Pn Y Y Quinine, Wild, Feverfew Parthenium integrifolium 3' 4' 1' 2' FS PS May Aug Wd W Spiderwort, Ohio Tradescantia ohiensis 2' 3' 1.5' 2' FS PSh May Jul A Wd B Pn Spurge, Flowering Euphorbia corollata 2' 3' FS May Aug Wd D W N Sundrops Oenothera fruiticosa 1' 1.5' 1' 2' FS May Jun A D Y Y Y Violet, Labrador Viola labradorica .25' .5' .25' .5' FS PSh May A B Pr Y N Beardtongue, Foxglove Penstemon digitalis 3' 4' 1.5' 2' FS PS Jun Jun Wd W Y Y Y Black-eyed Susan Rudbeckia hirta 2' 3' 1' 2' FS PS Jun Aug Wd Y Y Y Y Blazing Star, Dense, Spiked Liatris spicata 2' 4' .75' 1.5' FS Jun Aug Wd Pr Y Y N Bundleflower, Illinois, Prairie B. Desmanthus illinoensis 2' 3' 2' 3' FS Jun Wd W Y Y Clover, Purple Prairie Dalea purpurea 1' 3' 1' 1.5' FS Jun Aug Wd Pr Y Y Coneflower, Orange Rudbeckia fulgida 2' 3' 2' 2.5' FS Jun Oct Wd Y Y Y Coneflower, Yellow Ratibida pinnata 3' 5' 1.5' 2' FS Jun Aug Wd Y Y Y Gaura Gaura biennis 4' 5' FS Jun Oct M D Pn W Y1 Horsemint Monarda punctata 1' 3' .75' 1' FS PSh Jun Jul Wd D Y Pr Y Y Indigo, Cream False, Buffalo Pea Baptisia leucophaea 2' 3' FS PS Jun Jul D W Y Y N Indigo, White False Baptisia lactea 3' 5' 2' 3' FS PSh Jun Jul M W Y Y N Iris, Copper Iris fulva 2' 3' 1' 2' FS PSh Jun Jul W M O Y Y Lobelia, Spiked Lobelia spicata 2' 3' FS PSh Jun Aug A Wd B W Y Meadow Rue, Tall Thalictrum polygamum 3' 6' FS PSh Jun Jul W M W Y Milkvetch Astragalus canadensis 2' 4' 2' 4' FS Jun Aug Wd W Y Y Y Milkweed, Common Asclepias syriaca 3' 5' 3' 4' FS PS Jun Aug Wd Pn Pr Y Y Obedient Plant Physotegia virginiana 3' 4' 2' 3' FS PS Jun Sep Wd Pn Y Y Phlox, Meadow, Wild Sweet William Phlox maculata 1' 2' 1' 1.5' FS PSh Jun Oct A M Pn W Y Y Y Pickerel Rush, Pickeral Weed Pontederia cordata 2' 4' 1.5' 2' FS PS Jun Oct W Wa B Y Primrose, Large-flowered, Evening Oenothera grandiflora 3' 5' FS PS Jun Aug A Y Y Y N

Page 22 Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Rosinweed, Whorled Silphium trifoliatum 4' 10' FS Jun Sep A Y G Y Rush, Winter Scouring Equisetum hyemale 3' 1' 6' FS PS Jun Jul M Wa G Sneeze-weed, Purple Headed Helenium nudiflorum, H flexuosum 1.5' 3' 1.25' 1.5' FS Jun Oct M Y Y Y St. John's Wort, Goatweed Hypericum perferatum 2.5' FS PS Jun Aug Wd Y Y Sunflower, Downy, Ashy S. Helianthus mollis 3' 4' FS Jun Oct Wd Y O Y Y Y Sunflower, Oxeye, False S. Heliopsis helianthoides 3' 6' 1' 4' FS Jun Aug Wd D Y Y Tickseed, Wood Coreopsis major 2' 3' 1' 2' FS Jun Jul A D Y Y Aloe, American, or False Agave virginica 3' 6' 3' 4' FS PSh Jul Oct A D G W B Arrowhead, Duck Potato Sagittaria latifolia 1' 4' 1' 3' FS Jul Sep W Wa W Blazing Star, Dwarf, Grayfeather Liatris cylindracea 1.5' 2' .5' 1' FS Jul Sep A D Pn Y Y Y Blazing Star, Prairie Liatris pycnostachya 2' 5' 1' 2' FS Jul Aug A M Pn Pr Y Y Y Blazing Star, Southern Liatris squarosa 2' 3' FS Jul Oct D Pn Pr Y Y Y Blazing Star, Tiny-headed, Button Snakeroot Liatris microcephala .5' 2' .75' 1' FS PS Jul Wd Pn Pr Y Y Y Cardinal Flower Lobelia cardialis 2' 4' 1' 2' FS PSh Jul Sep A M R Y Y Y Clover, Round-headed Bush Lespedeza capitata 2' 4' 1' 2' FS PSh Jul Sep D A W Y Compass Plant Silphium laciniatum 5' 9' 1.5' 3' FS Jul Sep Wd Y Y Y Coneflower, Sweet Rudbeckia subtomentosa 3' 5' 1' 2' FS PSh Jul Oct Wd Y Y Y Coreopsis, Tall Coreopsis tripteris 7' 8' 2' 8' FS Jul Sep Wd D Y Y Y Y N Cup Plant Silphium perfoliatum 4' 8' 1' 3' FS Jul Sep A W Y Y Y Dock, Cut Leaf Prairie, Tansy Rosinweed Silphium pinnatifidum 2' 3' FS Jul Sep A Y Dock, Prairie Silphium terebinthinaceum 6' 8' 1' 3' FS Jul Sep A Y Y Y Fameflower, or Limestone F. Talinum calcaricum .66' .83' .75' 1' FS Jul Wd Pn Y Goldenrod, Gray Solidago nemoralis .5' 2.5' .75' 2' FS PS Jul Oct Wd D Y Y Y N Goldenrod, Showy Solidago speciosa 2' 3' 2' 3' FS Jul Sep A D Y Y N Hairy Angelica Angelica venosa 3' 6' FS PS Jul Sep A D W Y Indian Hemp, Dogbane Apocynum cannabinum 2' 4' 1.5' 2.5' FS PSh Jul Aug A G Y Joe-Pye Weed Eupatorium purpureum 4' 8' 2' 4' FS PS Jul Sep M Pn Y Y N Leaf Cup, Bearsfoot Polymnia uvedalia 6' 8' FS PS Jul Sep A Cl Y Y Lily, Turkscap Lilium superbum 4' 7' .5' .75' FS PS Jul A W O Y Lobelia, Great Blue Lobelia siphilitica 2' 3' 1' 1.5' FS PSh Jul Sep A M B Y Lobelia, White Lobelia siphilitica, var. alba 2' 3' 1' 1.5' FS PSh Jul Sep A M W Y Mint, Short Tooth Mountain Pycnanthemum muticum 3' 4' FS PS Jul Aug A W Pr Y Y Mint, Slender Mountain Pycnanthemum tenuifolium 2' 3' 2' 3' FS PSh Jul Sep Wd W Y Y Mistflower, Blue M. Eupatorium coelestinum 3' FS PS Jul Oct M W B Pr Y

Page 23 Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Nodding Wild Onion Allium cernuum 1' 2' .25' .5' FS PS Jul Aug Wd Pn W Y N Phlox, Carolina Phlox caroliniana 2' 3' FS PS Jul M Pn Pr Y Y Y Phlox, Garden Phlox paniculata 1' 1.5' .75' 1' FS PSh Jul Sep Wd Pn R W Y Y Y Y Primrose, Missouri Oenothera missouriense .66' .83' FS Jul Aug A D Y Y Y Y Rattlesnake Master Eryngium yuccifolium 3' 4' 2' 3' FS PS Jul Aug A W Y Y Y Rosinweed Silphium integrifolium 2' 6' 1' 3' FS Jul Sep A Y Y Y Royal Catchfly Silene regia 2.5' 3' FS PS Jul Aug Wd R Pn Y Y Y Sage, Blue Salvia azurea 3' 4' 2' 3' FS Jul Oct Wd D B Y Y Y Senna, Wild Cassia marilandica 4' 6' 4' 6' FS PS Jul Sep Wd Y Y Y Y Skullcap, Downy Skutellaria incana 2' 3' 1.5' 2' FS PSh Jul Sep A B Southern Harebell, Appalachia Bellflower Campanula divaricata 1' 3' FS PS Jul Sep Wd B Pr Sunflower, Giant, Toothleaved S. Helianthus giganteus 3' 10' 1' 3' FS Jul Oct M Y Y N Sunflower, Rough-leaved, Hairy S. Helianthus hirsutus 3' 6' 3' FS PS Jul Aug A D Y Y Y Susan, Brown-eyed Rudbeckia triloba 2' 3' 1' 1.5' FS PS Jul Oct Wd Y Y Y Vervain, Blue Verbena hastata 2' 6' 1' 2.5' FS PS Jul Sep W B Pr Y Y Aster, Swamp Aster puniceus 2' 6' 2' 3' FS PS Aug Oct M A Pr Y Y Aster, White Wood Aster divaricata, Eurybia divaricata 1' 2.5' 1.5' 2.5' FS PS Aug Sep D Cl W Y Y Aster, Willow Aster praealtus 3' 5' FS Aug Sep M Pr Y Y Y Blazing Star, Rough Liatris aspera 2' 3' 1' 1.5' FS Aug Oct A D Pn Pr Y Y Y Boltonia, False Aster Boltonia asteroides 2' 6' 2' 4' FS Aug Sep A W Pn B Y Y N Boneset, Thoroughwort Euphtorium perfoliatum 3' 5' 3 4' FS PS Aug Sep M W Y Gentian, White Gentiana alba 1' 2' FS PS Aug Sep M Wd W Goldenrod, Fragrant, Sweet G. Solidago odora 2' 4' 1' 2' FS PSh Aug Sep A D Y N Goldenrod, Rigid Solidago rigida 3' 5' 1.5' 2.5' FS Aug Sep Wd Y Y N Goldenrod, Woodland, Bluestem G. Solidago caesia 1.5' 3' 1.5' 3' FS PSh Aug Oct A Y Y Y N Hairy Alumroot Heuchera villosa 1.5' 3' 1.5 2' FS PSh Aug Sep M G Ironweed Vernonia altissima 4' 6' 3' 6' FS PS Aug Sep A W Pn Pr Y Y Ironweed, Giant Vernonia gigantea 5' 8' 3' 6' FS PS Aug Sep A W Pn Pr Y Y Jersulem Artichoke, Sunflower A. Helianthus tuberosus 4' 10' FS Aug Sep M Y Rose Mallow Hibiscus moscheutos 2' 2.5' 1.5' 2' FS Aug Sep M W W Pn Y Y Y Sneeze-weed, Autumn Helenium autumnale 3' 5' 2' 3' FS Aug Oct A W Y G Y Y Sunflower, Tickseed Bidens aristosa 1' 5' FS Aug Oct A D Y Y Sunflower, Western Helianthus occidentialis 2' 4' 1.5' 2' FS Aug Sep Wd D Y Y Y Y Aster, Aromatic Aster oblongifolius 1.5' 1' 3' FS PS Sep Oct D Pr B Y Y Y

Page 24 Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Aster, Calico, Lady in Black Aster laterifolius 3' 4' 2' 3' FS Sep Oct A W Y Y Y Aster, Crooked Stemmed Aster prenanthoides 1' 2' 1' FS PS Sep Oct M We Pr Y Y Y Aster, Golden Chrysopsis mariana 2' 3' 2' 3' FS PS Sep Oct Wd G Y Y Aster, New England Aster novae-angliae 4' 5' 2' 3' FS Sep Oct A Pr Y Y Y Aster, Silky Aster sericeus 1.5' 2.5' 1.5' 2' FS Sep Oct D Pn Pr Y Y Y Aster, Sky Blue Aster azureus 2' 4' 1.5 2' FS Sep Oct D Cl B Y Y Aster, Smooth, Blue Aster, Stoke's Aster Aster laevis 2' 4' 1' 2' FS PS Sep Oct D Cl B Y Y Y Aster, Stiff Aster linarifolius, Ionactus linariifolius 1' 2' 2' 3' FS PS Sep Oct D B Pr Goldenrod, Rough-leaved Solidago rugosa 2.5' 3' 2.5' 3' FS PS Sep Oct A M Y Y N Sunflower, Narrow-leaved S., Swamp S. Helanthus angustifolius 3' 6' FS PS Sep Nov M Y Y Y Y Cactus, Prickly Pear Opuntia humifusa 2' 2' 3' FS D Y

Wildflowers That May Also Prefer Full Sun - Bloom Time Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Violet, Canadian Viola candensis .25' .5' .25' 5' FSh FS Mar Jun Wd W Y Violet, Blue, Johnny Jumpup Viola papilionacea .25' .5' .25' .5' FSh FS Mar Jun Wd B Y Sedum, Stonecrop Sedum ternatum .33' .5' .5' PSh FS Apr May Wd Pn W Y

Page 25 TABLE 5 Full Sun Wildflowers -- Plant Height

See KEY for abbreviation explanation

Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Violet, Birdfoot Viola pedata .25' .5' .25' .5' FS Mar May D Wd Pr Y Violet, Labrador Viola labradorica .25' .5' .25' .5' FS PSh May A B Pr Y N Wild Pink Silene caroliniana .33' .5' .75' 1' FS PSh Apr May Wd Pn Y Y Blazing Star, Tiny-headed, Button Snakeroot Liatris microcephala .5' 2' .75' 1' FS PS Jul Wd Pn Pr Y Y Y Bluets, Canadian Summer Bluet, Houstonia canadensis .5' .66' FS May June D B W Coreopsis, Eared C., Mouse-eared C. Coreopsis auriculata .5' 1.5' .5' .75' FS PS May Jun Wd Y O Y Y Y N Goldenrod, Gray Solidago nemoralis .5' 2.5' .75' 2' FS PS Jul Oct Wd D Y Y Y N Iris, Blue-eyed Grass Sisyrinchium angustifolium .5' 1.5' .5' 1.5' FS May Jun Wd B Pr Iris, Dwarf Crested Iris cristata .5' .66' .5' 1' FS PSh Apr May Wd B Strawberry, Wild Fragaria virginiana .5' FS PS Apr May A W Y Y Y Y Verbena, Rose, Vervain Verbena canadensis .5' 1' FS PS Apr Oct Wd Pr Pn Y Y Fameflower, or Limestone F. Talinum calcaricum .66' .83' .75' 1' FS Jul Wd Pn Y Primrose, Missouri Oenothera missouriense .66' .83' FS Jul Aug A D Y Y Y Y Alumroot, Coral Bells Heuchera americana .75' 2' 1' 1.5' FS PSh May June Wd M G W Primrose, Showy, Pink Ladies Oenothera speciosa .75' 2' 1.5' FS May June D Wd W Pn Y Y Anenome, Canada, Meadow Anemone Anemone canadensis 1' 1.5' 1' FS FSh May Jul M W N Arrowhead, Duck Potato Sagittaria latifolia 1' 4' 1' 3' FS Jul Sep W Wa W Aster, Crooked Stemmed Aster prenanthoides 1' 2' 1' FS PS Sep Oct M We Pr Y Y Y Aster, Stiff Aster linarifolius, Ionactus linariifolius 1' 2' 2' 3' FS PS Sep Oct D B Pr Aster, White Wood Aster divaricata, Eurybia divaricata 1' 2.5' 1.5' 2.5' FS PS Aug Sep D Cl W Y Y Beardtongue, Purple, Dewflower Penstemon cobaea purputeus 1' 2' 1' 1.5' FS PS May June Wd W R Pr Y Y Beardtongue, Showy Penstemon cobaea 1' 3' 1' 1.5' FS PS May Jun A Pr Y Y Beardtongue, Small's Penstemon smallii 1' 2' .75' FS PS May Jun Wd Pn Pr Y Y Y Clover, Purple Prairie Dalea purpurea 1' 3' 1' 1.5' FS Jun Aug Wd Pr Y Y Coreopsis, Lanceleaf C., Tickseed C. Coreopsis lanceolata 1' 2' 1' 1.5' FS May Jul Wd D Y Y Y Y N Fire Pink, Catchfly Silene virginica 1' 1.5' .75' 1.5' FS PSh Apr Jul D Wd R Y Gentian, White Gentiana alba 1' 2' FS PS Aug Sep M Wd W Horsemint Monarda punctata 1' 3' .75' 1' FS PSh Jun Jul Wd D Y Pr Y Y Jacob's Ladder, Greek Valerian Polemonium reptans 1' 1.5' 1' 1.5' FS PSh Apr Jun Wd B

Page 26 Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Marigold, Marsh Caltha palustrus 1' 1.5' 1' 1.5' FS PS Apr June W Wa Y Milkweed, Butterfly, Pleurisy Root Asclepias tuberosa 1' 4' 1' 1.5' FS May Sep D Cl O Y Y Y N Milkweed, Whorled Asclepias verticillata 1' 2' FS May Sep W Y Y Y Mint, Downy Wood, Ohio Horsemint Blephilia ciliata 1' 1.5' .75' 1.5' FS PS May Jul Wd Pr Y Y Y Nodding Wild Onion Allium cernuum 1' 2' .25' .5' FS PS Jul Aug Wd Pn W Y N Phlox, Downy Phlox pilosa 1' 1.5' .75' 1' FS May Jul Wd Pn Y Y Y Phlox, Garden Phlox paniculata 1' 1.5' .75' 1' FS PSh Jul Sep Wd Pn R W Y Y Y Y Phlox, Meadow, Wild Sweet William Phlox maculata 1' 2' 1' 1.5' FS PSh Jun Oct A M Pn W Y Y Y Southern Harebell, Appalachia Bellflower Campanula divaricata 1' 3' FS PS Jul Sep Wd B Pr Sundrops Oenothera fruiticosa 1' 1.5' 1' 2' FS May Jun A D Y Y Y Sunflower, Tickseed Bidens aristosa 1' 5' FS Aug Oct A D Y Y Thimbleflower, Thimbleweed Anemone virginiana 1' 2' 1' 1.5' FS PS Apr May D Cl W Y Y N Aster, Aromatic Aster oblongifolius 1.5' 1' 3' FS PS Sep Oct D Pr B Y Y Y Aster, Silky Aster sericeus 1.5' 2.5' 1.5' 2' FS Sep Oct D Pn Pr Y Y Y Blazing Star, Dwarf, Grayfeather Liatris cylindracea 1.5' 2' .5' 1' FS Jul Sep A D Pn Y Y Y Goldenrod, Woodland, Bluestem G. Solidago caesia 1.5' 3' 1.5' 3' FS PSh Aug Oct A Y Y Y N Hairy Alumroot Heuchera villosa 1.5' 3' 1.5 2' FS PSh Aug Sep M G Sneeze-weed, Purple Headed Helenium nudiflorum, H flexuosum 1.5' 3' 1.25' 1.5' FS Jun Oct M Y Y Y Aster, Golden Chrysopsis mariana 2' 3' 2' 3' FS PS Sep Oct Wd G Y Y Aster, Sky Blue Aster azureus 2' 4' 1.5 2' FS Sep Oct D Cl B Y Y Aster, Smooth, Blue Aster, Stoke's Aster Aster laevis 2' 4' 1' 2' FS PS Sep Oct D Cl B Y Y Y Aster, Swamp Aster puniceus 2' 6' 2' 3' FS PS Aug Oct M A Pr Y Y Black-eyed Susan Rudbeckia hirta 2' 3' 1' 2' FS PS Jun Aug Wd Y Y Y Y Blazing Star, Dense, Spiked Liatris spicata 2' 4' .75' 1.5' FS Jun Aug Wd Pr Y Y N Blazing Star, Prairie Liatris pycnostachya 2' 5' 1' 2' FS Jul Aug A M Pn Pr Y Y Y Blazing Star, Rough Liatris aspera 2' 3' 1' 1.5' FS Aug Oct A D Pn Pr Y Y Y Blazing Star, Southern Liatris squarosa 2' 3' FS Jul Oct D Pn Pr Y Y Y Boltonia, False Aster Boltonia asteroides 2' 6' 2' 4' FS Aug Sep A W Pn B Y Y N Bundleflower, Illinois, Prairie B. Desmanthus illinoensis 2' 3' 2' 3' FS Jun Wd W Y Y Cactus, Prickly Pear Opuntia humifusa 2' 2' 3' FS D Y Cardinal Flower Lobelia cardialis 2' 4' 1' 2' FS PSh Jul Sep A M R Y Y Y Clover, Round-headed Bush Lespedeza capitata 2' 4' 1' 2' FS PSh Jul Sep D A W Y Columbine, Wild Aquilegia canadensis 2' 3' 1' 1.5' FS FSh Apr May Wd R Y Y Y

Page 27 Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Coneflower, Orange Rudbeckia fulgida 2' 3' 2' 2.5' FS Jun Oct Wd Y Y Y Dock, Cut Leaf Prairie, Tansy Rosinweed Silphium pinnatifidum 2' 3' FS Jul Sep A Y Goldenrod, Fragrant, Sweet G. Solidago odora 2' 4' 1' 2' FS PSh Aug Sep A D Y N Goldenrod, Showy Solidago speciosa 2' 3' 2' 3' FS Jul Sep A D Y Y N Indian Hemp, Dogbane Apocynum cannabinum 2' 4' 1.5' 2.5' FS PSh Jul Aug A G Y Indian Psychic, American Ipecac Gillenia stipulata 2' 3' FS PS May Jun A M W Pn Y Indigo, Cream False, Buffalo Pea Baptisia leucophaea 2' 3' FS PS Jun Jul D W Y Y N Iris, Blue Flag Iris virginica 2' 2.5' 2' 2.5' FS PSh May Jun M W B Y Y Iris, Copper Iris fulva 2' 3' 1' 2' FS PSh Jun Jul W M O Y Y Lobelia, Great Blue Lobelia siphilitica 2' 3' 1' 1.5' FS PSh Jul Sep A M B Y Lobelia, Spiked Lobelia spicata 2' 3' FS PSh Jun Aug A Wd B W Y Lobelia, White Lobelia siphilitica, var. alba 2' 3' 1' 1.5' FS PSh Jul Sep A M W Y Milkvetch Astragalus canadensis 2' 4' 2' 4' FS Jun Aug Wd W Y Y Y Milkweed, Ozark, Green M., Spider M. Asclepias viridis 2' 3' 2' 3' FS PS May Jul D Cl G W Pr Y Y Milkweed, Purple Asclepias purpurea 2' 3' 1' 3' FS PS May Jul M Pr Y Y Mint, Slender Mountain Pycnanthemum tenuifolium 2' 3' 2' 3' FS PSh Jul Sep Wd W Y Y Phlox, Carolina Phlox caroliniana 2' 3' FS PS Jul M Pn Pr Y Y Y Pickerel Rush, Pickeral Weed Pontederia cordata 2' 4' 1.5' 2' FS PS Jun Oct W Wa B Y Prairie Clover, White, Dove White P.C. Dalea candidum 2' 3' .75' 1.5' FS May Jul Wd W Y Y Y Rose Mallow Hibiscus moscheutos 2' 2.5' 1.5' 2' FS Aug Sep M W W Pn Y Y Y Rosinweed Silphium integrifolium 2' 6' 1' 3' FS Jul Sep A Y Y Y Skullcap, Downy Skutellaria incana 2' 3' 1.5' 2' FS PSh Jul Sep A B Spiderwort, Ohio Tradescantia ohiensis 2' 3' 1.5' 2' FS PSh May Jul A Wd B Pn Spurge, Flowering Euphorbia corollata 2' 3' FS May Aug Wd D W N Sunflower, Western Helianthus occidentialis 2' 4' 1.5' 2' FS Aug Sep Wd D Y Y Y Y Susan, Brown-eyed Rudbeckia triloba 2' 3' 1' 1.5' FS PS Jul Oct Wd Y Y Y Tickseed, Wood Coreopsis major 2' 3' 1' 2' FS Jun Jul A D Y Y Vervain, Blue Verbena hastata 2' 6' 1' 2.5' FS PS Jul Sep W B Pr Y Y Phlox, Creeping Moss Phlox subulata 2" 6" .5' 2' FS Apr May Wd Pn Pr W Y Y Y Goldenrod, Rough-leaved Solidago rugosa 2.5' 3' 2.5' 3' FS PS Sep Oct A M Y Y N Royal Catchfly Silene regia 2.5' 3' FS PS Jul Aug Wd R Pn Y Y Y St. John's Wort, Goatweed Hypericum perferatum 2.5' FS PS Jun Aug Wd Y Y Aloe, American, or False Agave virginica 3' 6' 3' 4' FS PSh Jul Oct A D G W B Aster, Calico, Lady in Black Aster laterifolius 3' 4' 2' 3' FS Sep Oct A W Y Y Y

Page 28 Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Aster, Willow Aster praealtus 3' 5' FS Aug Sep M Pr Y Y Y Beardtongue, Foxglove Penstemon digitalis 3' 4' 1.5' 2' FS PS Jun Jun Wd W Y Y Y Blue Star, Eastern Amsonia tabernaemontana 3' 4' .75' 1' FS PS May June Wd M B Y N Boneset, Thoroughwort Euphtorium perfoliatum 3' 5' 3 4' FS PS Aug Sep M W Y Coneflower, Sweet Rudbeckia subtomentosa 3' 5' 1' 2' FS PSh Jul Oct Wd Y Y Y Coneflower, Yellow Ratibida pinnata 3' 5' 1.5' 2' FS Jun Aug Wd Y Y Y Goldenrod, Rigid Solidago rigida 3' 5' 1.5' 2.5' FS Aug Sep Wd Y Y N Hairy Angelica Angelica venosa 3' 6' FS PS Jul Sep A D W Y Indigo, White False Baptisia lactea 3' 5' 2' 3' FS PSh Jun Jul M W Y Y N Indigo, Wild Blue/False Baptisia australis 3' 5' 3' 4' FS PSh May June A B Y Y Y N Indigo, Wild White Baptisia alba 3' 5' 2 2.5' FS PSh May Jun M W Y Y N Meadow Rue, Tall Thalictrum polygamum 3' 6' FS PSh Jun Jul W M W Y Milkweed, Common Asclepias syriaca 3' 5' 3' 4' FS PS Jun Aug Wd Pn Pr Y Y Milkweed, Swamp, Marsh M. Asclepias incarnata 3' 5' 2' 3' FS PS May Jul M Pn Y Y Mint, Short Tooth Mountain Pycnanthemum muticum 3' 4' FS PS Jul Aug A W Pr Y Y Mistflower, Blue M. Eupatorium coelestinum 3' FS PS Jul Oct M W B Pr Y Obedient Plant Physotegia virginiana 3' 4' 2' 3' FS PS Jun Sep Wd Pn Y Y Primrose, Large-flowered, Evening Oenothera grandiflora 3' 5' FS PS Jun Aug A Y Y Y N Quinine, Wild, Feverfew Parthenium integrifolium 3' 4' 1' 2' FS PS May Aug Wd W Rattlesnake Master Eryngium yuccifolium 3' 4' 2' 3' FS PS Jul Aug A W Y Y Y Rush, Winter Scouring Equisetum hyemale 3' 1' 6' FS PS Jun Jul M Wa G Sage, Blue Salvia azurea 3' 4' 2' 3' FS Jul Oct Wd D B Y Y Y Sneeze-weed, Autumn Helenium autumnale 3' 5' 2' 3' FS Aug Oct A W Y G Y Y Sunflower, Downy, Ashy S. Helianthus mollis 3' 4' FS Jun Oct Wd Y O Y Y Y Sunflower, Giant, Toothleaved S. Helianthus giganteus 3' 10' 1' 3' FS Jul Oct M Y Y N Sunflower, Narrow-leaved S., Swamp S. Helanthus angustifolius 3' 6' FS PS Sep Nov M Y Y Y Y Sunflower, Oxeye, False S. Heliopsis helianthoides 3' 6' 1' 4' FS Jun Aug Wd D Y Y Sunflower, Rough-leaved, Hairy S. Helianthus hirsutus 3' 6' 3' FS PS Jul Aug A D Y Y Y Aster, New England Aster novae-angliae 4' 5' 2' 3' FS Sep Oct A Pr Y Y Y Culver's Root Veronicastrum virginicum 4' 6' 2' 4' FS PS May Aug A W W Y Y Cup Plant Silphium perfoliatum 4' 8' 1' 3' FS Jul Sep A W Y Y Y Gaura Gaura biennis 4' 5' FS Jun Oct M D Pn W Y1 Goatsbeard Aruncus dioicus 4' 6' 2' 4' FS PS Apr May Wd W Y Ironweed Vernonia altissima 4' 6' 3' 6' FS PS Aug Sep A W Pn Pr Y Y

Page 29 Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Jersulem Artichoke, Sunflower A. Helianthus tuberosus 4' 10' FS Aug Sep M Y Joe-Pye Weed Eupatorium purpureum 4' 8' 2' 4' FS PS Jul Sep M Pn Y Y N Lily, Turkscap Lilium superbum 4' 7' .5' .75' FS PS Jul A W O Y Rosinweed, Whorled Silphium trifoliatum 4' 10' FS Jun Sep A Y G Y Senna, Wild Cassia marilandica 4' 6' 4' 6' FS PS Jul Sep Wd Y Y Y Y Compass Plant Silphium laciniatum 5' 9' 1.5' 3' FS Jul Sep Wd Y Y Y Ironweed, Giant Vernonia gigantea 5' 8' 3' 6' FS PS Aug Sep A W Pn Pr Y Y Dock, Prairie Silphium terebinthinaceum 6' 8' 1' 3' FS Jul Sep A Y Y Y Leaf Cup, Bearsfoot Polymnia uvedalia 6' 8' FS PS Jul Sep A Cl Y Y Coreopsis, Tall Coreopsis tripteris 7' 8' 2' 8' FS Jul Sep Wd D Y Y Y Y N

Wildflowers That May Also Prefer Full Sun - Height Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Violet, Canadian Viola candensis .25' .5' .25' 5' FSh FS Mar Jun Wd W Y Violet, Blue, Johnny Jumpup Viola papilionacea .25' .5' .25' .5' FSh FS Mar Jun Wd B Y Sedum, Stonecrop Sedum ternatum .33' .5' .5' PSh FS Apr May Wd Pn W Y

Page 30 TABLE 6 Wildflowers That Prefer Partial Sun/Partial Shade

See KEY for abbreviation explanation Alphabetized by Common Name

Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Aster, Arrow-leaved Aster sagittifolius 3' 4' PSh Jul Sep W Wa B W Y Y Y Aster, Short's Aster shortii 2' 3' PSh FSh Sep Oct Wd B Y Y Y Bell Flower, American Campanula americana 2' 6' 1.5' 2' PS Jun Sep M B Bergamot, Wild Monarda fistulosa 3' 5' 2' 3' PS Jun Aug A Pr R Y Y1 Bishop's Cap, Miterwort Mitella diphylla .66' 1.5' 1' 2.5' PSh FSh Apr May M W Galax Galax aphylla 1' 2.5' 1' PSh May Jul M W R Gentian, Bottle, Closed G. Gentiana andrewsii 1' 2' 1' 1.5' PSh Sep Oct M B Ginseng, American Ginseng Panax quinquefolia 1' 2' .75' 1' PSh FSh Jun Jul Wd W Golden Ragwort Senecio aureus .5' 1' .5' 2' PSh Apr M Y Y, Goldenrod, Elm-leaved Solidago ulmifolia 1' 3' PSh Aug Sep A D Y Y1 N Hepatica, Round-lobed Hepatica americana .25' .75' .5' .75' PSh Mar Apr M Pn B W Hepatica, Sharp-lobed, Liverwort Hepatica acutiloba .25' 1' PSh Mar Apr Wd W Pr Lady's Slipper, Large Yellow Cypripedium pubescens 1' 2' PSh May M Pn Lespedeza, Virginia Lespedeza virginica 2' 4' PS FSh May Sep A Pn Lizard Tail Saururus cernuus 1' 2' 1' 2' PSh Sep W Wa W Monkeyflower Mimulus alatus 1' 3' PSh FSh Jun Sep M W Pr W Pn Y Y Petunia, Wild Ruellia strepens, R. humilis 1' 3' 1' 1.5' PSh May Aug Wd B Pr Y Y Sedum, Stonecrop Sedum ternatum .33' .5' .5' PSh FS Apr May Wd Pn W Y

Wildflowers That May Also Prefer Partial Sun/Partial Shade Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Aloe, American, or False Agave virginica 3' 6' 3' 4' FS PSh Jul Oct A D G W B Alumroot, Coral Bells Heuchera americana .75' 2' 1' 1.5' FS PSh May June Wd M G W Anenome, Rue Anemone thalictroides 2" 6" .5' .75' FSh PSh Apr May Wd W N Aster, Aromatic Aster oblongifolius 1.5' 1' 3' FS PS Sep Oct D Pr B Y Y Y Aster, Crooked Stemmed Aster prenanthoides 1' 2' 1' FS PS Sep Oct M We Pr Y Y Y Aster, Golden Chrysopsis mariana 2' 3' 2' 3' FS PS Sep Oct Wd G Y Y

Page 31 Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Aster, Smooth, Blue Aster, Stoke's Aster Aster laevis 2' 4' 1' 2' FS PS Sep Oct D Cl B Y Y Y Aster, Stiff Aster linarifolius, Ionactus linariifolius 1' 2' 2' 3' FS PS Sep Oct D B Pr Aster, Swamp Aster puniceus 2' 6' 2' 3' FS PS Aug Oct M A Pr Y Y Aster, White Wood Aster divaricata, Eurybia divaricata 1' 2.5' 1.5' 2.5' FS PS Aug Sep D Cl W Y Y Baneberry, White Actaea pachypoda 2' 3' 1' Fsh PSh May June Wd M W Beardtongue, Foxglove Penstemon digitalis 3' 4' 1.5' 2' FS PS Jun Jun Wd W Y Y Y Beardtongue, Hairy Penstemon hirsutus 2' 3' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Jun Jul Wd B W Y Y N Beardtongue, Purple, Dewflower Penstemon cobaea purputeus 1' 2' 1' 1.5' FS PS May June Wd W R Pr Y Y Beardtongue, Showy Penstemon cobaea 1' 3' 1' 1.5' FS PS May Jun A Pr Y Y Beardtongue, Small's Penstemon smallii 1' 2' .75' FS PS May Jun Wd Pn Pr Y Y Y Bellwort, Large-flowered Uvularia grandiflora 1' 1.5' 1' 1.5' Fsh Psh Apr M Y Black Cohosh, Snakeroot, Bugbane Cimicifuga racemosa 2' 3' 2' 4' FSh PSh Jun Jul Wd W Y Y N Black-eyed Susan Rudbeckia hirta 2' 3' 1' 2' FS PS Jun Aug Wd Y Y Y Y Blazing Star, Tiny-headed, Button Snakeroot Liatris microcephala .5' 2' .75' 1' FS PS Jul Wd Pn Pr Y Y Y Blood Root Sanquinaria canadensis .66' .83' .25' .5' FSh PSh Apr May A W Pn Blue Star, Eastern Amsonia tabernaemontana 3' 4' .75' 1' FS PS May June Wd M B Y N Bluebells, Virginia Mertensia virginiaca 1.5' 2' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May M Wd B Bluets, Purple, Venus' Pride Houstonia purpurea, cerulea .5' .66' FSh PSh May June Wd Pr W Boneset, Thoroughwort Euphtorium perfoliatum 3' 5' 3 4' FS PS Aug Sep M W Y Cardinal Flower Lobelia cardialis 2' 4' 1' 2' FS PSh Jul Sep A M R Y Y Y Clover, Round-headed Bush Lespedeza capitata 2' 4' 1' 2' FS PSh Jul Sep D A W Y Coneflower, Glade Echinacea simulata 2' 3' 1' 2' FSh PSh Jun Jul A D Pn Y Y Coneflower, Pale Purple Echinacea pallida 3' 4' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Jun Jul Wd D Pn Y Y Y Coneflower, Purple Echinacea purpurea 3' 4' 1.5' 2' FSh PSh Jun Aug Wd Pn Pr Y Y Y N Coneflower, Sweet Rudbeckia subtomentosa 3' 5' 1' 2' FS PSh Jul Oct Wd Y Y Y Coreopsis, Eared C., Mouse-eared C. Coreopsis auriculata .5' 1.5' .5' .75' FS PS May Jun Wd Y O Y Y Y N Culver's Root Veronicastrum virginicum 4' 6' 2' 4' FS PS May Aug A W W Y Y Dutchman's Breeches Dicentra cucullaria .33' 1' .5' 1' FSh PSh Apr May Wd W Early Saxifrage Saxifraga virginiana .66' .83' .5' FSj PSh Mar May M W W Fire Pink, Catchfly Silene virginica 1' 1.5' .75' 1.5' FS PSh Apr Jul D Wd R Y Foamflower Tiarella cordifolia .75' 1' 1' 2' FSh PSh Apr May A W Gentian, White Gentiana alba 1' 2' FS PS Aug Sep M Wd W Geranium, Wild Geranium maculatum 1.5' 2' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr June Wd Pn Y Y

Page 32 Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Ginger, Wild Asarum canadense .5' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May Wd R Br Y Goatsbeard Aruncus dioicus 4' 6' 2' 4' FS PS Apr May Wd W Y Goldenrod, Fragrant, Sweet G. Solidago odora 2' 4' 1' 2' FS PSh Aug Sep A D Y N Goldenrod, Gray Solidago nemoralis .5' 2.5' .75' 2' FS PS Jul Oct Wd D Y Y Y N Goldenrod, Rough-leaved Solidago rugosa 2.5' 3' 2.5' 3' FS PS Sep Oct A M Y Y N Goldenrod, Woodland, Bluestem G. Solidago caesia 1.5' 3' 1.5' 3' FS PSh Aug Oct A Y Y Y N Green and Gold, Golden Star Chrysogonum virginianum .33' .5' .75' 1.5' FSh PSh May Oct Wd Y Green Dragon Arisaema dractonium 1' 3' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh May June M G Y Hairy Alumroot Heuchera villosa 1.5' 3' 1.5 2' FS PSh Aug Sep M G Hairy Angelica Angelica venosa 3' 6' FS PS Jul Sep A D W Y Horsemint Monarda punctata 1' 3' .75' 1' FS PSh Jun Jul Wd D Y Pr Y Y Hyancinth, Wild Camassia scilloides 3' FSh PSh Apr May Wd B Indian Hemp, Dogbane Apocynum cannabinum 2' 4' 1.5' 2.5' FS PSh Jul Aug A G Y Indian Psychic, American Ipecac Gillenia stipulata 2' 3' FS PS May Jun A M W Pn Y Indigo, Cream False, Buffalo Pea Baptisia leucophaea 2' 3' FS PS Jun Jul D W Y Y N Indigo, White False Baptisia lactea 3' 5' 2' 3' FS PSh Jun Jul M W Y Y N Indigo, Wild Blue/False Baptisia australis 3' 5' 3' 4' FS PSh May June A B Y Y Y N Indigo, Wild White Baptisia alba 3' 5' 2 2.5' FS PSh May Jun M W Y Y N Iris, Blue Flag Iris virginica 2' 2.5' 2' 2.5' FS PSh May Jun M W B Y Y Iris, Copper Iris fulva 2' 3' 1' 2' FS PSh Jun Jul W M O Y Y Iris, Dwarf Crested Iris cristata .5' .66' .5' 1' FS PSh Apr May Wd B Ironweed Vernonia altissima 4' 6' 3' 6' FS PS Aug Sep A W Pn Pr Y Y Ironweed, Giant Vernonia gigantea 5' 8' 3' 6' FS PS Aug Sep A W Pn Pr Y Y Jacob's Ladder, Greek Valerian Polemonium reptans 1' 1.5' 1' 1.5' FS PSh Apr Jun Wd B Joe-Pye Weed Eupatorium purpureum 4' 8' 2' 4' FS PS Jul Sep M Pn Y Y N Lady's Slipper, Kentucky Cypripedium kentuckiensis 1' 2' FSh PSh May Wd Y Leaf Cup, Bearsfoot Polymnia uvedalia 6' 8' FS PS Jul Sep A Cl Y Y Lily, Turkscap Lilium superbum 4' 7' .5' .75' FS PS Jul A W O Y Lobelia, Great Blue Lobelia siphilitica 2' 3' 1' 1.5' FS PSh Jul Sep A M B Y Lobelia, Spiked Lobelia spicata 2' 3' FS PSh Jun Aug A Wd B W Y Lobelia, White Lobelia siphilitica, var. alba 2' 3' 1' 1.5' FS PSh Jul Sep A M W Y Marigold, Marsh Caltha palustrus 1' 1.5' 1' 1.5' FS PS Apr June W Wa Y Mayapple Podophyllum peltatum 1' 1.5' .75' 1' FSh PSh Apr Jun Wd W

Page 33 Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Meadow Rue, Tall Thalictrum polygamum 3' 6' FS PSh Jun Jul W M W Y Meehania, Meehan's Mint Meehania cordata .33' .5' .25' 1.5' FSh PSh May Jun A B Pn Milkweed, Common Asclepias syriaca 3' 5' 3' 4' FS PS Jun Aug Wd Pn Pr Y Y Milkweed, Ozark, Green M., Spider M. Asclepias viridis 2' 3' 2' 3' FS PS May Jul D Cl G W Pr Y Y Milkweed, Purple Asclepias purpurea 2' 3' 1' 3' FS PS May Jul M Pr Y Y Milkweed, Swamp, Marsh M. Asclepias incarnata 3' 5' 2' 3' FS PS May Jul M Pn Y Y Mint, Downy Wood, Ohio Horsemint Blephilia ciliata 1' 1.5' .75' 1.5' FS PS May Jul Wd Pr Y Y Y Mint, Hairy Wood, Hairy Pagoda Blephilia hirsuta 2' 4' .75' 1.5' FSh PSh May Sep A W Pr Y Mint, Short Tooth Mountain Pycnanthemum muticum 3' 4' FS PS Jul Aug A W Pr Y Y Mint, Slender Mountain Pycnanthemum tenuifolium 2' 3' 2' 3' FS PSh Jul Sep Wd W Y Y Mistflower, Blue M. Eupatorium coelestinum 3' FS PS Jul Oct M W B Pr Y Nodding Wild Onion Allium cernuum 1' 2' .25' .5' FS PS Jul Aug Wd Pn W Y N Obedient Plant Physotegia virginiana 3' 4' 2' 3' FS PS Jun Sep Wd Pn Y Y Partridge Berry Mitchella repens .08' .16" .5' 1' FSh PSh May Jul A W N Phacelia Phacelia bipinnaifida 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May Wd B Phlox, Carolina Phlox caroliniana 2' 3' FS PS Jul M Pn Pr Y Y Y Phlox, Garden Phlox paniculata 1' 1.5' .75' 1' FS PSh Jul Sep Wd Pn R W Y Y Y Y Phlox, Meadow, Wild Sweet William Phlox maculata 1' 2' 1' 1.5' FS PSh Jun Oct A M Pn W Y Y Y Phlox, Smooth Phlox amoena 2' 3' FSh PSh Jun Jul A M R Pn Y Y Y Y Phlox, Wild Blue, Wild Sweet William Phlox divaricata 1' 1.5' .75' 1' FSj PSh Apr May A M B Pr Y Y Y Pickerel Rush, Pickeral Weed Pontederia cordata 2' 4' 1.5' 2' FS PS Jun Oct W Wa B Y Poppy, Celandine Stylophorum diphyllum 1' 1.5' .75' 1' FSh PSh Apr Jun A M Y Primrose, Large-flowered, Evening Oenothera grandiflora 3' 5' FS PS Jun Aug A Y Y Y N Quinine, Wild, Feverfew Parthenium integrifolium 3' 4' 1' 2' FS PS May Aug Wd W Rattlesnake Master Eryngium yuccifolium 3' 4' 2' 3' FS PS Jul Aug A W Y Y Y Royal Catchfly Silene regia 2.5' 3' FS PS Jul Aug Wd R Pn Y Y Y Rush, Winter Scouring Equisetum hyemale 3' 1' 6' FS PS Jun Jul M Wa G Senna, Wild Cassia marilandica 4' 6' 4' 6' FS PS Jul Sep Wd Y Y Y Y Shooting Star Dodecatheon meadia 1' 1.5' .75' 1' FSh PSh Apr May Wd W Pn Skullcap, Downy Skutellaria incana 2' 3' 1.5' 2' FS PSh Jul Sep A B Solomon's Seal Polygonatum biflorum 1' 3' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May M D G W Solomon's Seal, False Maianthemum racemosa 1.5' 3' 2' 3' FSh PSh Apr May A W Y Southern Harebell, Appalachia Bellflower Campanula divaricata 1' 3' FS PS Jul Sep Wd B Pr

Page 34 Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Spiderwort, Ohio Tradescantia ohiensis 2' 3' 1.5' 2' FS PSh May Jul A Wd B Pn Spiderwort, Virginia, V. Spiderlily Tradescantia virginiana 1.5' 3' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh May Jul Wd Pr B Squirrel Corn, Turkey Corn Dicentra canadensis .5' 1' FSh PSh Apr May Wd W Y St. John's Wort, Goatweed Hypericum perferatum 2.5' FS PS Jun Aug Wd Y Y Strawberry, Wild Fragaria virginiana .5' FS PS Apr May A W Y Y Y Y Sunflower, Narrow-leaved S., Swamp S. Helanthus angustifolius 3' 6' FS PS Sep Nov M Y Y Y Y Sunflower, Rough-leaved, Hairy S. Helianthus hirsutus 3' 6' 3' FS PS Jul Aug A D Y Y Y Susan, Brown-eyed Rudbeckia triloba 2' 3' 1' 1.5' FS PS Jul Oct Wd Y Y Y Thimbleflower, Thimbleweed Anemone virginiana 1' 2' 1' 1.5' FS PS Apr May D Cl W Y Y N Trillium, Bent Trillium, flexipes .75' 2' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May A W Trillium, Erect Red, Wake Robin Trillium, erectum .75' 1.5' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr Jun A R Trillium, Erect Yellow, Wood Lily Trillium, erectum f. luteum .75' 2' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May A G Y Trillium, Large White Trillium, grandiflorum 1' 1.5' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr Jun A W Pn Trillium, Prairie Trillium, recurvatum 1' 1.5' .75' 1' FSj PSh Apr Jun A R Trillium, Yellow Trillium, luteum 1' 1.5' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May Wd Y Turtlehead Chelone glabra 2' 3' 1.5' 2.5' FSh PSh Aug Oct A Wd W Pn Y Y Y N Twinleaf Jeffersonia diphylla .75' 1.5' .5' .75' FSh PSh Apr May A W Verbena, Rose, Vervain Verbena canadensis .5' 1' FS PS Apr Oct Wd Pr Pn Y Y Vervain, Blue Verbena hastata 2' 6' 1' 2.5' FS PS Jul Sep W B Pr Y Y Violet, Labrador Viola labradorica .25' .5' .25' .5' FS PSh May A B Pr Y N Wild Pink Silene caroliniana .33' .5' .75' 1' FS PSh Apr May Wd Pn Y Y

Page 35 TABLE 7 Partial Sun/Partial Shade Wildflowers - Bloom Time

See KEY for abbreviation explanation

Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Hepatica, Sharp-lobed, Liverwort Hepatica acutiloba .25' 1' PSh Mar Apr Wd W Pr Hepatica, Round-lobed Hepatica americana .25' .75' .5' .75' PSh Mar Apr M Pn B W Golden Ragwort Senecio aureus .5' 1' .5' 2' PSh Apr M Y Sedum, Stonecrop Sedum ternatum .33' .5' .5' PSh FS Apr May Wd Pn W Y Bishop's Cap, Miterwort Mitella diphylla .66' 1.5' 1' 2.5' PSh FSh Apr May M W Petunia, Wild Ruellia strepens, R. humilis 1' 3' 1' 1.5' PSh May Aug Wd B Pr Y Y Galax Galax aphylla 1' 2.5' 1' PSh May Jul M W R Lady's Slipper, Large Yellow Cypripedium pubescens 1' 2' PSh May M Pn Lespedeza, Virginia Lespedeza virginica 2' 4' PS FSh May Sep A Pn Monkeyflower Mimulus alatus 1' 3' PSh FSh Jun Sep M W Pr W Pn Y Y Bell Flower, American Campanula americana 2' 6' 1.5' 2' PS Jun Sep M B Ginseng, American Ginseng Panax quinquefolia 1' 2' .75' 1' PSh FSh Jun Jul Wd W Bergamot, Wild Monarda fistulosa 3' 5' 2' 3' PS Jun Aug A Pr R Y Y1 Aster, Arrow-leaved Aster sagittifolius 3' 4' PSh Jul Sep W Wa B W Y Y Y Y, Goldenrod, Elm-leaved Solidago ulmifolia 1' 3' PSh Aug Sep A D Y Y1 N Gentian, Bottle, Closed G. Gentiana andrewsii 1' 2' 1' 1.5' PSh Sep Oct M B Lizard Tail Saururus cernuus 1' 2' 1' 2' PSh Sep W Wa W Aster, Short's Aster shortii 2' 3' PSh FSh Sep Oct Wd B Y Y Y

Wildflowers That May Also Prefer Partial Sun/Partial Shade - Bloom Time Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Early Saxifrage Saxifraga virginiana .66' .83' .5' FSj PSh Mar May M W W Mayapple Podophyllum peltatum 1' 1.5' .75' 1' FSh PSh Apr Jun Wd W Solomon's Seal, False Maianthemum racemosa 1.5' 3' 2' 3' FSh PSh Apr May A W Y Fire Pink, Catchfly Silene virginica 1' 1.5' .75' 1.5' FS PSh Apr Jul D Wd R Y

Page 36 Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Wild Pink Silene caroliniana .33' .5' .75' 1' FS PSh Apr May Wd Pn Y Y Blood Root Sanquinaria canadensis .66' .83' .25' .5' FSh PSh Apr May A W Pn Squirrel Corn, Turkey Corn Dicentra canadensis .5' 1' FSh PSh Apr May Wd W Y Dutchman's Breeches Dicentra cucullaria .33' 1' .5' 1' FSh PSh Apr May Wd W Shooting Star Dodecatheon meadia 1' 1.5' .75' 1' FSh PSh Apr May Wd W Pn Ginger, Wild Asarum canadense .5' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May Wd R Br Y Jacob's Ladder, Greek Valerian Polemonium reptans 1' 1.5' 1' 1.5' FS PSh Apr Jun Wd B Marigold, Marsh Caltha palustrus 1' 1.5' 1' 1.5' FS PS Apr June W Wa Y Phlox, Wild Blue, Wild Sweet William Phlox divaricata 1' 1.5' .75' 1' FSj PSh Apr May A M B Pr Y Y Y Strawberry, Wild Fragaria virginiana .5' FS PS Apr May A W Y Y Y Y Phacelia Phacelia bipinnaifida 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May Wd B Geranium, Wild Geranium maculatum 1.5' 2' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr June Wd Pn Y Y Iris, Dwarf Crested Iris cristata .5' .66' .5' 1' FS PSh Apr May Wd B Twinleaf Jeffersonia diphylla .75' 1.5' .5' .75' FSh PSh Apr May A W Bluebells, Virginia Mertensia virginiaca 1.5' 2' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May M Wd B Solomon's Seal Polygonatum biflorum 1' 3' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May M D G W Trillium, Large White Trillium, grandiflorum 1' 1.5' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr Jun A W Pn Anenome, Rue Anemone thalictroides 2" 6" .5' .75' FSh PSh Apr May Wd W N Verbena, Rose, Vervain Verbena canadensis .5' 1' FS PS Apr Oct Wd Pr Pn Y Y Bellwort, Large-flowered Uvularia grandiflora 1' 1.5' 1' 1.5' Fsh Psh Apr M Y Trillium, Prairie Trillium, recurvatum 1' 1.5' .75' 1' FSj PSh Apr Jun A R Hyancinth, Wild Camassia scilloides 3' FSh PSh Apr May Wd B Trillium, Yellow Trillium, luteum 1' 1.5' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May Wd Y Trillium, Bent Trillium, flexipes .75' 2' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May A W Trillium, Erect Yellow, Wood Lily Trillium, erectum f. luteum .75' 2' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May A G Y Trillium, Erect Red, Wake Robin Trillium, erectum .75' 1.5' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr Jun A R Thimbleflower, Thimbleweed Anemone virginiana 1' 2' 1' 1.5' FS PS Apr May D Cl W Y Y N Poppy, Celandine Stylophorum diphyllum 1' 1.5' .75' 1' FSh PSh Apr Jun A M Y Goatsbeard Aruncus dioicus 4' 6' 2' 4' FS PS Apr May Wd W Y Foamflower Tiarella cordifolia .75' 1' 1' 2' FSh PSh Apr May A W Green Dragon Arisaema dractonium 1' 3' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh May June M G Y

Page 37 Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Milkweed, Swamp, Marsh M. Asclepias incarnata 3' 5' 2' 3' FS PS May Jul M Pn Y Y Milkweed, Purple Asclepias purpurea 2' 3' 1' 3' FS PS May Jul M Pr Y Y Spiderwort, Virginia, V. Spiderlily Tradescantia virginiana 1.5' 3' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh May Jul Wd Pr B Indigo, Wild White Baptisia alba 3' 5' 2 2.5' FS PSh May Jun M W Y Y N Indigo, Wild Blue/False Baptisia australis 3' 5' 3' 4' FS PSh May June A B Y Y Y N Milkweed, Ozark, Green M., Spider M. Asclepias viridis 2' 3' 2' 3' FS PS May Jul D Cl G W Pr Y Y Blue Star, Eastern Amsonia tabernaemontana 3' 4' .75' 1' FS PS May June Wd M B Y N Culver's Root Veronicastrum virginicum 4' 6' 2' 4' FS PS May Aug A W W Y Y Spiderwort, Ohio Tradescantia ohiensis 2' 3' 1.5' 2' FS PSh May Jul A Wd B Pn Indian Psychic, American Ipecac Gillenia stipulata 2' 3' FS PS May Jun A M W Pn Y Meehania, Meehan's Mint Meehania cordata .33' .5' .25' 1.5' FSh PSh May Jun A B Pn Partridge Berry Mitchella repens .08' .16" .5' 1' FSh PSh May Jul A W N Violet, Labrador Viola labradorica .25' .5' .25' .5' FS PSh May A B Pr Y N Baneberry, White Actaea pachypoda 2' 3' 1' Fsh PSh May June Wd M W Quinine, Wild, Feverfew Parthenium integrifolium 3' 4' 1' 2' FS PS May Aug Wd W Iris, Blue Flag Iris virginica 2' 2.5' 2' 2.5' FS PSh May Jun M W B Y Y Beardtongue, Purple, Dewflower Penstemon cobaea purputeus 1' 2' 1' 1.5' FS PS May June Wd W R Pr Y Y Bluets, Purple, Venus' Pride Houstonia purpurea, cerulea .5' .66' FSh PSh May June Wd Pr W Coreopsis, Eared C., Mouse-eared C. Coreopsis auriculata .5' 1.5' .5' .75' FS PS May Jun Wd Y O Y Y Y N Alumroot, Coral Bells Heuchera americana .75' 2' 1' 1.5' FS PSh May June Wd M G W Mint, Downy Wood, Ohio Horsemint Blephilia ciliata 1' 1.5' .75' 1.5' FS PS May Jul Wd Pr Y Y Y Beardtongue, Showy Penstemon cobaea 1' 3' 1' 1.5' FS PS May Jun A Pr Y Y Beardtongue, Small's Penstemon smallii 1' 2' .75' FS PS May Jun Wd Pn Pr Y Y Y Lady's Slipper, Kentucky Cypripedium kentuckiensis 1' 2' FSh PSh May Wd Y Green and Gold, Golden Star Chrysogonum virginianum .33' .5' .75' 1.5' FSh PSh May Oct Wd Y Mint, Hairy Wood, Hairy Pagoda Blephilia hirsuta 2' 4' .75' 1.5' FSh PSh May Sep A W Pr Y Black-eyed Susan Rudbeckia hirta 2' 3' 1' 2' FS PS Jun Aug Wd Y Y Y Y Indigo, Cream False, Buffalo Pea Baptisia leucophaea 2' 3' FS PS Jun Jul D W Y Y N Coneflower, Pale Purple Echinacea pallida 3' 4' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Jun Jul Wd D Pn Y Y Y Coneflower, Purple Echinacea purpurea 3' 4' 1.5' 2' FSh PSh Jun Aug Wd Pn Pr Y Y Y N Coneflower, Glade Echinacea simulata 2' 3' 1' 2' FSh PSh Jun Jul A D Pn Y Y

Page 38 Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Rush, Winter Scouring Equisetum hyemale 3' 1' 6' FS PS Jun Jul M Wa G Obedient Plant Physotegia virginiana 3' 4' 2' 3' FS PS Jun Sep Wd Pn Y Y Indigo, White False Baptisia lactea 3' 5' 2' 3' FS PSh Jun Jul M W Y Y N Pickerel Rush, Pickeral Weed Pontederia cordata 2' 4' 1.5' 2' FS PS Jun Oct W Wa B Y Iris, Copper Iris fulva 2' 3' 1' 2' FS PSh Jun Jul W M O Y Y Lobelia, Spiked Lobelia spicata 2' 3' FS PSh Jun Aug A Wd B W Y Horsemint Monarda punctata 1' 3' .75' 1' FS PSh Jun Jul Wd D Y Pr Y Y Primrose, Large-flowered, Evening Oenothera grandiflora 3' 5' FS PS Jun Aug A Y Y Y N Phlox, Meadow, Wild Sweet William Phlox maculata 1' 2' 1' 1.5' FS PSh Jun Oct A M Pn W Y Y Y Meadow Rue, Tall Thalictrum polygamum 3' 6' FS PSh Jun Jul W M W Y Phlox, Smooth Phlox amoena 2' 3' FSh PSh Jun Jul A M R Pn Y Y Y Y St. John's Wort, Goatweed Hypericum perferatum 2.5' FS PS Jun Aug Wd Y Y Beardtongue, Foxglove Penstemon digitalis 3' 4' 1.5' 2' FS PS Jun Jun Wd W Y Y Y Beardtongue, Hairy Penstemon hirsutus 2' 3' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Jun Jul Wd B W Y Y N Milkweed, Common Asclepias syriaca 3' 5' 3' 4' FS PS Jun Aug Wd Pn Pr Y Y Black Cohosh, Snakeroot, Bugbane Cimicifuga racemosa 2' 3' 2' 4' FSh PSh Jun Jul Wd W Y Y N Hairy Angelica Angelica venosa 3' 6' FS PS Jul Sep A D W Y Nodding Wild Onion Allium cernuum 1' 2' .25' .5' FS PS Jul Aug Wd Pn W Y N Lobelia, Great Blue Lobelia siphilitica 2' 3' 1' 1.5' FS PSh Jul Sep A M B Y Cardinal Flower Lobelia cardialis 2' 4' 1' 2' FS PSh Jul Sep A M R Y Y Y Blazing Star, Tiny-headed, Button Snakeroot Liatris microcephala .5' 2' .75' 1' FS PS Jul Wd Pn Pr Y Y Y Senna, Wild Cassia marilandica 4' 6' 4' 6' FS PS Jul Sep Wd Y Y Y Y Sunflower, Rough-leaved, Hairy S. Helianthus hirsutus 3' 6' 3' FS PS Jul Aug A D Y Y Y Indian Hemp, Dogbane Apocynum cannabinum 2' 4' 1.5' 2.5' FS PSh Jul Aug A G Y Lily, Turkscap Lilium superbum 4' 7' .5' .75' FS PS Jul A W O Y Rattlesnake Master Eryngium yuccifolium 3' 4' 2' 3' FS PS Jul Aug A W Y Y Y Southern Harebell, Appalachia Bellflower Campanula divaricata 1' 3' FS PS Jul Sep Wd B Pr Joe-Pye Weed Eupatorium purpureum 4' 8' 2' 4' FS PS Jul Sep M Pn Y Y N Mistflower, Blue M. Eupatorium coelestinum 3' FS PS Jul Oct M W B Pr Y Lobelia, White Lobelia siphilitica, var. alba 2' 3' 1' 1.5' FS PSh Jul Sep A M W Y Mint, Short Tooth Mountain Pycnanthemum muticum 3' 4' FS PS Jul Aug A W Pr Y Y

Page 39 Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Skullcap, Downy Skutellaria incana 2' 3' 1.5' 2' FS PSh Jul Sep A B Phlox, Garden Phlox paniculata 1' 1.5' .75' 1' FS PSh Jul Sep Wd Pn R W Y Y Y Y Goldenrod, Gray Solidago nemoralis .5' 2.5' .75' 2' FS PS Jul Oct Wd D Y Y Y N Leaf Cup, Bearsfoot Polymnia uvedalia 6' 8' FS PS Jul Sep A Cl Y Y Phlox, Carolina Phlox caroliniana 2' 3' FS PS Jul M Pn Pr Y Y Y Aloe, American, or False Agave virginica 3' 6' 3' 4' FS PSh Jul Oct A D G W B Royal Catchfly Silene regia 2.5' 3' FS PS Jul Aug Wd R Pn Y Y Y Clover, Round-headed Bush Lespedeza capitata 2' 4' 1' 2' FS PSh Jul Sep D A W Y Mint, Slender Mountain Pycnanthemum tenuifolium 2' 3' 2' 3' FS PSh Jul Sep Wd W Y Y Vervain, Blue Verbena hastata 2' 6' 1' 2.5' FS PS Jul Sep W B Pr Y Y Coneflower, Sweet Rudbeckia subtomentosa 3' 5' 1' 2' FS PSh Jul Oct Wd Y Y Y Susan, Brown-eyed Rudbeckia triloba 2' 3' 1' 1.5' FS PS Jul Oct Wd Y Y Y Ironweed, Giant Vernonia gigantea 5' 8' 3' 6' FS PS Aug Sep A W Pn Pr Y Y Ironweed Vernonia altissima 4' 6' 3' 6' FS PS Aug Sep A W Pn Pr Y Y Hairy Alumroot Heuchera villosa 1.5' 3' 1.5 2' FS PSh Aug Sep M G Gentian, White Gentiana alba 1' 2' FS PS Aug Sep M Wd W Goldenrod, Woodland, Bluestem G. Solidago caesia 1.5' 3' 1.5' 3' FS PSh Aug Oct A Y Y Y N Aster, White Wood Aster divaricata, Eurybia divaricata 1' 2.5' 1.5' 2.5' FS PS Aug Sep D Cl W Y Y Goldenrod, Fragrant, Sweet G. Solidago odora 2' 4' 1' 2' FS PSh Aug Sep A D Y N Aster, Swamp Aster puniceus 2' 6' 2' 3' FS PS Aug Oct M A Pr Y Y Turtlehead Chelone glabra 2' 3' 1.5' 2.5' FSh PSh Aug Oct A Wd W Pn Y Y Y N Boneset, Thoroughwort Euphtorium perfoliatum 3' 5' 3 4' FS PS Aug Sep M W Y Aster, Smooth, Blue Aster, Stoke's Aster Aster laevis 2' 4' 1' 2' FS PS Sep Oct D Cl B Y Y Y Goldenrod, Rough-leaved Solidago rugosa 2.5' 3' 2.5' 3' FS PS Sep Oct A M Y Y N Aster, Stiff Aster linarifolius, Ionactus linariifolius 1' 2' 2' 3' FS PS Sep Oct D B Pr Aster, Aromatic Aster oblongifolius 1.5' 1' 3' FS PS Sep Oct D Pr B Y Y Y Aster, Crooked Stemmed Aster prenanthoides 1' 2' 1' FS PS Sep Oct M We Pr Y Y Y Aster, Golden Chrysopsis mariana 2' 3' 2' 3' FS PS Sep Oct Wd G Y Y Sunflower, Narrow-leaved S., Swamp S. Helanthus angustifolius 3' 6' FS PS Sep Nov M Y Y Y Y

Page 40 TABLE 8 Partial Sun/Partial Shade Wildflowers - Plant Height

See KEY for abbreviation explanation

Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Hepatica, Round-lobed Hepatica americana .25' .75' .5' .75' PSh Mar Apr M Pn B W Hepatica, Sharp-lobed, Liverwort Hepatica acutiloba .25' 1' PSh Mar Apr Wd W Pr Sedum, Stonecrop Sedum ternatum .33' .5' .5' PSh FS Apr May Wd Pn W Y Golden Ragwort Senecio aureus .5' 1' .5' 2' PSh Apr M Y Bishop's Cap, Miterwort Mitella diphylla .66' 1.5' 1' 2.5' PSh FSh Apr May M W Lady's Slipper, Large Yellow Cypripedium pubescens 1' 2' PSh May M Pn Galax Galax aphylla 1' 2.5' 1' PSh May Jul M W R Gentian, Bottle, Closed G. Gentiana andrewsii 1' 2' 1' 1.5' PSh Sep Oct M B Monkeyflower Mimulus alatus 1' 3' PSh FSh Jun Sep M W Pr W Pn Y Y Y, Goldenrod, Elm-leaved Solidago ulmifolia 1' 3' PSh Aug Sep A D Y Y1 N Ginseng, American Ginseng Panax quinquefolia 1' 2' .75' 1' PSh FSh Jun Jul Wd W Petunia, Wild Ruellia strepens, R. humilis 1' 3' 1' 1.5' PSh May Aug Wd B Pr Y Y Lizard Tail Saururus cernuus 1' 2' 1' 2' PSh Sep W Wa W Bell Flower, American Campanula americana 2' 6' 1.5' 2' PS Jun Sep M B Aster, Short's Aster shortii 2' 3' PSh FSh Sep Oct Wd B Y Y Y Lespedeza, Virginia Lespedeza virginica 2' 4' PS FSh May Sep A Pn Aster, Arrow-leaved Aster sagittifolius 3' 4' PSh Jul Sep W Wa B W Y Y Y Bergamot, Wild Monarda fistulosa 3' 5' 2' 3' PS Jun Aug A Pr R Y Y1

Wildflowers That May Also Prefer Partial Sun/Partial Shade - Height Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Partridge Berry Mitchella repens .08' .16" .5' 1' FSh PSh May Jul A W N Violet, Labrador Viola labradorica .25' .5' .25' .5' FS PSh May A B Pr Y N Wild Pink Silene caroliniana .33' .5' .75' 1' FS PSh Apr May Wd Pn Y Y Green and Gold, Golden Star Chrysogonum virginianum .33' .5' .75' 1.5' FSh PSh May Oct Wd Y Meehania, Meehan's Mint Meehania cordata .33' .5' .25' 1.5' FSh PSh May Jun A B Pn Dutchman's Breeches Dicentra cucullaria .33' 1' .5' 1' FSh PSh Apr May Wd W Bluets, Purple, Venus' Pride Houstonia purpurea, cerulea .5' .66' FSh PSh May June Wd Pr W

Page 41 Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Goldenrod, Gray Solidago nemoralis .5' 2.5' .75' 2' FS PS Jul Oct Wd D Y Y Y N Iris, Dwarf Crested Iris cristata .5' .66' .5' 1' FS PSh Apr May Wd B Blazing Star, Tiny-headed, Button Snakeroot Liatris microcephala .5' 2' .75' 1' FS PS Jul Wd Pn Pr Y Y Y Strawberry, Wild Fragaria virginiana .5' FS PS Apr May A W Y Y Y Y Verbena, Rose, Vervain Verbena canadensis .5' 1' FS PS Apr Oct Wd Pr Pn Y Y Squirrel Corn, Turkey Corn Dicentra canadensis .5' 1' FSh PSh Apr May Wd W Y Coreopsis, Eared C., Mouse-eared C. Coreopsis auriculata .5' 1.5' .5' .75' FS PS May Jun Wd Y O Y Y Y N Ginger, Wild Asarum canadense .5' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May Wd R Br Y Blood Root Sanquinaria canadensis .66' .83' .25' .5' FSh PSh Apr May A W Pn Early Saxifrage Saxifraga virginiana .66' .83' .5' FSj PSh Mar May M W W Twinleaf Jeffersonia diphylla .75' 1.5' .5' .75' FSh PSh Apr May A W Alumroot, Coral Bells Heuchera americana .75' 2' 1' 1.5' FS PSh May June Wd M G W Foamflower Tiarella cordifolia .75' 1' 1' 2' FSh PSh Apr May A W Trillium, Bent Trillium, flexipes .75' 2' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May A W Trillium, Erect Yellow, Wood Lily Trillium, erectum f. luteum .75' 2' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May A G Y Trillium, Erect Red, Wake Robin Trillium, erectum .75' 1.5' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr Jun A R Phlox, Meadow, Wild Sweet William Phlox maculata 1' 2' 1' 1.5' FS PSh Jun Oct A M Pn W Y Y Y Phlox, Wild Blue, Wild Sweet William Phlox divaricata 1' 1.5' .75' 1' FSj PSh Apr May A M B Pr Y Y Y Bellwort, Large-flowered Uvularia grandiflora 1' 1.5' 1' 1.5' Fsh Psh Apr M Y Beardtongue, Showy Penstemon cobaea 1' 3' 1' 1.5' FS PS May Jun A Pr Y Y Trillium, Large White Trillium, grandiflorum 1' 1.5' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr Jun A W Pn Shooting Star Dodecatheon meadia 1' 1.5' .75' 1' FSh PSh Apr May Wd W Pn Beardtongue, Purple, Dewflower Penstemon cobaea purputeus 1' 2' 1' 1.5' FS PS May June Wd W R Pr Y Y Green Dragon Arisaema dractonium 1' 3' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh May June M G Y Phlox, Garden Phlox paniculata 1' 1.5' .75' 1' FS PSh Jul Sep Wd Pn R W Y Y Y Y Horsemint Monarda punctata 1' 3' .75' 1' FS PSh Jun Jul Wd D Y Pr Y Y Beardtongue, Small's Penstemon smallii 1' 2' .75' FS PS May Jun Wd Pn Pr Y Y Y Aster, Stiff Aster linarifolius, Ionactus linariifolius 1' 2' 2' 3' FS PS Sep Oct D B Pr Trillium, Yellow Trillium, luteum 1' 1.5' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May Wd Y Aster, White Wood Aster divaricata, Eurybia divaricata 1' 2.5' 1.5' 2.5' FS PS Aug Sep D Cl W Y Y Trillium, Prairie Trillium, recurvatum 1' 1.5' .75' 1' FSj PSh Apr Jun A R Gentian, White Gentiana alba 1' 2' FS PS Aug Sep M Wd W Aster, Crooked Stemmed Aster prenanthoides 1' 2' 1' FS PS Sep Oct M We Pr Y Y Y

Page 42 Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Mayapple Podophyllum peltatum 1' 1.5' .75' 1' FSh PSh Apr Jun Wd W Jacob's Ladder, Greek Valerian Polemonium reptans 1' 1.5' 1' 1.5' FS PSh Apr Jun Wd B Thimbleflower, Thimbleweed Anemone virginiana 1' 2' 1' 1.5' FS PS Apr May D Cl W Y Y N Solomon's Seal Polygonatum biflorum 1' 3' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May M D G W Marigold, Marsh Caltha palustrus 1' 1.5' 1' 1.5' FS PS Apr June W Wa Y Lady's Slipper, Kentucky Cypripedium kentuckiensis 1' 2' FSh PSh May Wd Y Southern Harebell, Appalachia Bellflower Campanula divaricata 1' 3' FS PS Jul Sep Wd B Pr Nodding Wild Onion Allium cernuum 1' 2' .25' .5' FS PS Jul Aug Wd Pn W Y N Plantain, Water Alisma subcordatum 1' 2' Fsh PSh Jul Sep W Wa W Mint, Downy Wood, Ohio Horsemint Blephilia ciliata 1' 1.5' .75' 1.5' FS PS May Jul Wd Pr Y Y Y Fire Pink, Catchfly Silene virginica 1' 1.5' .75' 1.5' FS PSh Apr Jul D Wd R Y Poppy, Celandine Stylophorum diphyllum 1' 1.5' .75' 1' FSh PSh Apr Jun A M Y Geranium, Wild Geranium maculatum 1.5' 2' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr June Wd Pn Y Y Goldenrod, Woodland, Bluestem G. Solidago caesia 1.5' 3' 1.5' 3' FS PSh Aug Oct A Y Y Y N Aster, Aromatic Aster oblongifolius 1.5' 1' 3' FS PS Sep Oct D Pr B Y Y Y Hairy Alumroot Heuchera villosa 1.5' 3' 1.5 2' FS PSh Aug Sep M G Solomon's Seal, False Maianthemum racemosa 1.5' 3' 2' 3' FSh PSh Apr May A W Y Bluebells, Virginia Mertensia virginiaca 1.5' 2' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May M Wd B Phacelia Phacelia bipinnaifida 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May Wd B Spiderwort, Virginia, V. Spiderlily Tradescantia virginiana 1.5' 3' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh May Jul Wd Pr B Vase Vine, Bluebill, Yellowflower Clematis virginica 12' 15' 3' 4' FS PS May Jun M A Pn Pr Y Y Y N Vervain, Blue Verbena hastata 2' 6' 1' 2.5' FS PS Jul Sep W B Pr Y Y Milkweed, Ozark, Green M., Spider M. Asclepias viridis 2' 3' 2' 3' FS PS May Jul D Cl G W Pr Y Y Lobelia, White Lobelia siphilitica, var. alba 2' 3' 1' 1.5' FS PSh Jul Sep A M W Y Clover, Round-headed Bush Lespedeza capitata 2' 4' 1' 2' FS PSh Jul Sep D A W Y Indian Psychic, American Ipecac Gillenia stipulata 2' 3' FS PS May Jun A M W Pn Y Aster, Swamp Aster puniceus 2' 6' 2' 3' FS PS Aug Oct M A Pr Y Y Aster, Golden Chrysopsis mariana 2' 3' 2' 3' FS PS Sep Oct Wd G Y Y Coneflower, Glade Echinacea simulata 2' 3' 1' 2' FSh PSh Jun Jul A D Pn Y Y Turtlehead Chelone glabra 2' 3' 1.5' 2.5' FSh PSh Aug Oct A Wd W Pn Y Y Y N Indigo, Cream False, Buffalo Pea Baptisia leucophaea 2' 3' FS PS Jun Jul D W Y Y N Aster, Smooth, Blue Aster, Stoke's Aster Aster laevis 2' 4' 1' 2' FS PS Sep Oct D Cl B Y Y Y Black Cohosh, Snakeroot, Bugbane Cimicifuga racemosa 2' 3' 2' 4' FSh PSh Jun Jul Wd W Y Y N

Page 43 Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Beardtongue, Hairy Penstemon hirsutus 2' 3' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Jun Jul Wd B W Y Y N Skullcap, Downy Skutellaria incana 2' 3' 1.5' 2' FS PSh Jul Sep A B Susan, Brown-eyed Rudbeckia triloba 2' 3' 1' 1.5' FS PS Jul Oct Wd Y Y Y Black-eyed Susan Rudbeckia hirta 2' 3' 1' 2' FS PS Jun Aug Wd Y Y Y Y Mint, Slender Mountain Pycnanthemum tenuifolium 2' 3' 2' 3' FS PSh Jul Sep Wd W Y Y Pickerel Rush, Pickeral Weed Pontederia cordata 2' 4' 1.5' 2' FS PS Jun Oct W Wa B Y Phlox, Carolina Phlox caroliniana 2' 3' FS PS Jul M Pn Pr Y Y Y Cardinal Flower Lobelia cardialis 2' 4' 1' 2' FS PSh Jul Sep A M R Y Y Y Phlox, Smooth Phlox amoena 2' 3' FSh PSh Jun Jul A M R Pn Y Y Y Y Goldenrod, Fragrant, Sweet G. Solidago odora 2' 4' 1' 2' FS PSh Aug Sep A D Y N Indian Hemp, Dogbane Apocynum cannabinum 2' 4' 1.5' 2.5' FS PSh Jul Aug A G Y Baneberry, White Actaea pachypoda 2' 3' 1' Fsh PSh May June Wd M W Spiderwort, Ohio Tradescantia ohiensis 2' 3' 1.5' 2' FS PSh May Jul A Wd B Pn Milkweed, Purple Asclepias purpurea 2' 3' 1' 3' FS PS May Jul M Pr Y Y Lobelia, Spiked Lobelia spicata 2' 3' FS PSh Jun Aug A Wd B W Y Lobelia, Great Blue Lobelia siphilitica 2' 3' 1' 1.5' FS PSh Jul Sep A M B Y Mint, Hairy Wood, Hairy Pagoda Blephilia hirsuta 2' 4' .75' 1.5' FSh PSh May Sep A W Pr Y Iris, Copper Iris fulva 2' 3' 1' 2' FS PSh Jun Jul W M O Y Y Iris, Blue Flag Iris virginica 2' 2.5' 2' 2.5' FS PSh May Jun M W B Y Y Anenome, Rue Anemone thalictroides 2" 6" .5' .75' FSh PSh Apr May Wd W N Goldenrod, Rough-leaved Solidago rugosa 2.5' 3' 2.5' 3' FS PS Sep Oct A M Y Y N St. John's Wort, Goatweed Hypericum perferatum 2.5' FS PS Jun Aug Wd Y Y Royal Catchfly Silene regia 2.5' 3' FS PS Jul Aug Wd R Pn Y Y Y Trumpet Vine, Trumpet Creeper Campsis radicans 25' 40' 5' 10' FS PS Jul Sep M R O Y Y Indigo, White False Baptisia lactea 3' 5' 2' 3' FS PSh Jun Jul M W Y Y N Indigo, Wild White Baptisia alba 3' 5' 2 2.5' FS PSh May Jun M W Y Y N Milkweed, Common Asclepias syriaca 3' 5' 3' 4' FS PS Jun Aug Wd Pn Pr Y Y Milkweed, Swamp, Marsh M. Asclepias incarnata 3' 5' 2' 3' FS PS May Jul M Pn Y Y Indigo, Wild Blue/False Baptisia australis 3' 5' 3' 4' FS PSh May June A B Y Y Y N Hairy Angelica Angelica venosa 3' 6' FS PS Jul Sep A D W Y Blue Star, Eastern Amsonia tabernaemontana 3' 4' .75' 1' FS PS May June Wd M B Y N Aloe, American, or False Agave virginica 3' 6' 3' 4' FS PSh Jul Oct A D G W B Meadow Rue, Tall Thalictrum polygamum 3' 6' FS PSh Jun Jul W M W Y

Page 44 Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Coneflower, Sweet Rudbeckia subtomentosa 3' 5' 1' 2' FS PSh Jul Oct Wd Y Y Y Mint, Short Tooth Mountain Pycnanthemum muticum 3' 4' FS PS Jul Aug A W Pr Y Y Obedient Plant Physotegia virginiana 3' 4' 2' 3' FS PS Jun Sep Wd Pn Y Y Beardtongue, Foxglove Penstemon digitalis 3' 4' 1.5' 2' FS PS Jun Jun Wd W Y Y Y Quinine, Wild, Feverfew Parthenium integrifolium 3' 4' 1' 2' FS PS May Aug Wd W Sunflower, Narrow-leaved S., Swamp S. Helanthus angustifolius 3' 6' FS PS Sep Nov M Y Y Y Y Primrose, Large-flowered, Evening Oenothera grandiflora 3' 5' FS PS Jun Aug A Y Y Y N Hyancinth, Wild Camassia scilloides 3' FSh PSh Apr May Wd B Sunflower, Rough-leaved, Hairy S. Helianthus hirsutus 3' 6' 3' FS PS Jul Aug A D Y Y Y Boneset, Thoroughwort Euphtorium perfoliatum 3' 5' 3 4' FS PS Aug Sep M W Y Mistflower, Blue M. Eupatorium coelestinum 3' FS PS Jul Oct M W B Pr Y Rattlesnake Master Eryngium yuccifolium 3' 4' 2' 3' FS PS Jul Aug A W Y Y Y Rush, Winter Scouring Equisetum hyemale 3' 1' 6' FS PS Jun Jul M Wa G Coneflower, Purple Echinacea purpurea 3' 4' 1.5' 2' FSh PSh Jun Aug Wd Pn Pr Y Y Y N Coneflower, Pale Purple Echinacea pallida 3' 4' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Jun Jul Wd D Pn Y Y Y Joe-Pye Weed Eupatorium purpureum 4' 8' 2' 4' FS PS Jul Sep M Pn Y Y N Culver's Root Veronicastrum virginicum 4' 6' 2' 4' FS PS May Aug A W W Y Y Goatsbeard Aruncus dioicus 4' 6' 2' 4' FS PS Apr May Wd W Y Ironweed Vernonia altissima 4' 6' 3' 6' FS PS Aug Sep A W Pn Pr Y Y Senna, Wild Cassia marilandica 4' 6' 4' 6' FS PS Jul Sep Wd Y Y Y Y Lily, Turkscap Lilium superbum 4' 7' .5' .75' FS PS Jul A W O Y Ironweed, Giant Vernonia gigantea 5' 8' 3' 6' FS PS Aug Sep A W Pn Pr Y Y Passionflower Vine, Maypop Passiflora incarnata 6' 8' 3' 6' FS PSh Jul Sep A W Pr Y Leaf Cup, Bearsfoot Polymnia uvedalia 6' 8' FS PS Jul Sep A Cl Y Y

Page 45 TABLE 9 Wildflowers That Prefer Full Shade

See KEY for abbreviation explanation Alphabetized by Common Name

Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Anenome, Rue Anemone thalictroides 2" 6" .5' .75' FSh PSh Apr May Wd W N Baneberry, White Actaea pachypoda 2' 3' 1' Fsh PSh May June Wd M W Beardtongue, Hairy Penstemon hirsutus 2' 3' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Jun Jul Wd B W Y Y N Bellwort, Large-flowered Uvularia grandiflora 1' 1.5' 1' 1.5' Fsh Psh Apr M Y Black Cohosh, Snakeroot, Bugbane Cimicifuga racemosa 2' 3' 2' 4' FSh PSh Jun Jul Wd W Y Y N Blood Root Sanquinaria canadensis .66' .83' .25' .5' FSh PSh Apr May A W Pn Bluebells, Virginia Mertensia virginiaca 1.5' 2' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May M Wd B Bluets, Purple, Venus' Pride Houstonia purpurea, cerulea .5' .66' FSh PSh May June Wd Pr W Coneflower, Glade Echinacea simulata 2' 3' 1' 2' FSh PSh Jun Jul A D Pn Y Y Coneflower, Pale Purple Echinacea pallida 3' 4' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Jun Jul Wd D Pn Y Y Y Coneflower, Purple Echinacea purpurea 3' 4' 1.5' 2' FSh PSh Jun Aug Wd Pn Pr Y Y Y N Dutchman's Breeches Dicentra cucullaria .33' 1' .5' 1' FSh PSh Apr May Wd W Foamflower Tiarella cordifolia .75' 1' 1' 2' FSh PSh Apr May A W Geranium, Wild Geranium maculatum 1.5' 2' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr June Wd Pn Y Y Ginger, Wild Asarum canadense .5' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May Wd R Br Y Green and Gold, Golden Star Chrysogonum virginianum .33' .5' .75' 1.5' FSh PSh May Oct Wd Y Green Dragon Arisaema dractonium 1' 3' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh May June M G Y Hyancinth, Wild Camassia scilloides 3' FSh PSh Apr May Wd B Jack-in-the-Pulpit Arisaema triphyllum 1' 2' 1' 1.5' FSh PSsh Apr May M G Pr Lady's Slipper, Kentucky Cypripedium kentuckiensis 1' 2' FSh PSh May Wd Y Mayapple Podophyllum peltatum 1' 1.5' .75' 1' FSh PSh Apr Jun Wd W Meehania, Meehan's Mint Meehania cordata .33' .5' .25' 1.5' FSh PSh May Jun A B Pn Mint, Hairy Wood, Hairy Pagoda Blephilia hirsuta 2' 4' .75' 1.5' FSh PSh May Sep A W Pr Y Partridge Berry Mitchella repens .08' .16" .5' 1' FSh PSh May Jul A W N Phacelia Phacelia bipinnaifida 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May Wd B Phlox, Smooth Phlox amoena 2' 3' FSh PSh Jun Jul A M R Pn Y Y Y Y Poppy, Celandine Stylophorum diphyllum 1' 1.5' .75' 1' FSh PSh Apr Jun A M Y Shooting Star Dodecatheon meadia 1' 1.5' .75' 1' FSh PSh Apr May Wd W Pn Solomon's Seal Polygonatum biflorum 1' 3' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May M D G W Page 46 Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Solomon's Seal, False Maianthemum racemosa 1.5' 3' 2' 3' FSh PSh Apr May A W Y Spiderwort, Virginia, V. Spiderlily Tradescantia virginiana 1.5' 3' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh May Jul Wd Pr B Squirrel Corn, Turkey Corn Dicentra canadensis .5' 1' FSh PSh Apr May Wd W Y Trillium, Bent Trillium, flexipes .75' 2' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May A W Trillium, Erect Red, Wake Robin Trillium, erectum .75' 1.5' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr Jun A R Trillium, Erect Yellow, Wood Lily Trillium, erectum f. luteum .75' 2' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May A G Y Trillium, Large White Trillium, grandiflorum 1' 1.5' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr Jun A W Pn Trillium, Toad Shade, Sweet Betsey Trillium, cuneatum .33' 1' .5' 1' FSh Apr Jun A R Pr Trillium, Yellow Trillium, luteum 1' 1.5' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May Wd Y Turtlehead Chelone glabra 2' 3' 1.5' 2.5' FSh PSh Aug Oct A Wd W Pn Y Y Y N Twinleaf Jeffersonia diphylla .75' 1.5' .5' .75' FSh PSh Apr May A W Violet, Blue, Johnny Jumpup Viola papilionacea .25' .5' .25' .5' FSh FS Mar Jun Wd B Y Violet, Canadian Viola candensis .25' .5' .25' 5' FSh FS Mar Jun Wd W Y

Wildflowers That May Also Prefer Full Shade Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Anenome, Canada, Meadow Anemone Anemone canadensis 1' 1.5' 1' FS FSh May Jul M W N Aster, Short's Aster shortii 2' 3' PSh FSh Sep Oct Wd B Y Y Y Bishop's Cap, Miterwort Mitella diphylla .66' 1.5' 1' 2.5' PSh FSh Apr May M W Columbine, Wild Aquilegia canadensis 2' 3' 1' 1.5' FS FSh Apr May Wd R Y Y Y Ginseng, American Ginseng Panax quinquefolia 1' 2' .75' 1' PSh FSh Jun Jul Wd W Lespedeza, Virginia Lespedeza virginica 2' 4' PS FSh May Sep A Pn Monkeyflower Mimulus alatus 1' 3' PSh FSh Jun Sep M W Pr W Pn Y Y

Page 47 TABLE 10 Wildflowers That Prefer Full Shade - Bloom Time

See KEY for abbreviation explanation

Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Violet, Canadian Viola candensis .25' .5' .25' 5' FSh FS Mar Jun Wd W Y Violet, Blue, Johnny Jumpup Viola papilionacea .25' .5' .25' .5' FSh FS Mar Jun Wd B Y Bluebells, Virginia Mertensia virginiaca 1.5' 2' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May M Wd B Anenome, Rue Anemone thalictroides 2" 6" .5' .75' FSh PSh Apr May Wd W N Jack-in-the-Pulpit Arisaema triphyllum 1' 2' 1' 1.5' FSh PSsh Apr May M G Pr Ginger, Wild Asarum canadense .5' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May Wd R Br Y Hyancinth, Wild Camassia scilloides 3' FSh PSh Apr May Wd B Squirrel Corn, Turkey Corn Dicentra canadensis .5' 1' FSh PSh Apr May Wd W Y Dutchman's Breeches Dicentra cucullaria .33' 1' .5' 1' FSh PSh Apr May Wd W Shooting Star Dodecatheon meadia 1' 1.5' .75' 1' FSh PSh Apr May Wd W Pn Geranium, Wild Geranium maculatum 1.5' 2' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr June Wd Pn Y Y Twinleaf Jeffersonia diphylla .75' 1.5' .5' .75' FSh PSh Apr May A W Phacelia Phacelia bipinnaifida 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May Wd B Mayapple Podophyllum peltatum 1' 1.5' .75' 1' FSh PSh Apr Jun Wd W Solomon's Seal Polygonatum biflorum 1' 3' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May M D G W Trillium, Erect Red, Wake Robin Trillium, erectum .75' 1.5' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr Jun A R Solomon's Seal, False Maianthemum racemosa 1.5' 3' 2' 3' FSh PSh Apr May A W Y Poppy, Celandine Stylophorum diphyllum 1' 1.5' .75' 1' FSh PSh Apr Jun A M Y Bellwort, Large-flowered Uvularia grandiflora 1' 1.5' 1' 1.5' Fsh Psh Apr M Y Foamflower Tiarella cordifolia .75' 1' 1' 2' FSh PSh Apr May A W Trillium, Yellow Trillium, luteum 1' 1.5' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May Wd Y Trillium, Large White Trillium, grandiflorum 1' 1.5' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr Jun A W Pn Trillium, Bent Trillium, flexipes .75' 2' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May A W Trillium, Erect Yellow, Wood Lily Trillium, erectum f. luteum .75' 2' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May A G Y Trillium, Toad Shade, Sweet Betsey Trillium, cuneatum .33' 1' .5' 1' FSh Apr Jun A R Pr Blood Root Sanquinaria canadensis .66' .83' .25' .5' FSh PSh Apr May A W Pn Meehania, Meehan's Mint Meehania cordata .33' .5' .25' 1.5' FSh PSh May Jun A B Pn Bluets, Purple, Venus' Pride Houstonia purpurea, cerulea .5' .66' FSh PSh May June Wd Pr W

Page 48 Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Baneberry, White Actaea pachypoda 2' 3' 1' Fsh PSh May June Wd M W Lady's Slipper, Kentucky Cypripedium kentuckiensis 1' 2' FSh PSh May Wd Y Spiderwort, Virginia, V. Spiderlily Tradescantia virginiana 1.5' 3' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh May Jul Wd Pr B Green and Gold, Golden Star Chrysogonum virginianum .33' .5' .75' 1.5' FSh PSh May Oct Wd Y Partridge Berry Mitchella repens .08' .16" .5' 1' FSh PSh May Jul A W N Mint, Hairy Wood, Hairy Pagoda Blephilia hirsuta 2' 4' .75' 1.5' FSh PSh May Sep A W Pr Y Green Dragon Arisaema dractonium 1' 3' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh May June M G Y Black Cohosh, Snakeroot, Bugbane Cimicifuga racemosa 2' 3' 2' 4' FSh PSh Jun Jul Wd W Y Y N Coneflower, Purple Echinacea purpurea 3' 4' 1.5' 2' FSh PSh Jun Aug Wd Pn Pr Y Y Y N Coneflower, Glade Echinacea simulata 2' 3' 1' 2' FSh PSh Jun Jul A D Pn Y Y Beardtongue, Hairy Penstemon hirsutus 2' 3' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Jun Jul Wd B W Y Y N Phlox, Smooth Phlox amoena 2' 3' FSh PSh Jun Jul A M R Pn Y Y Y Y Coneflower, Pale Purple Echinacea pallida 3' 4' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Jun Jul Wd D Pn Y Y Y Turtlehead Chelone glabra 2' 3' 1.5' 2.5' FSh PSh Aug Oct A Wd W Pn Y Y Y N

Wildflowers That May Also Prefer Full Shade - Bloom Time Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Bishop's Cap, Miterwort Mitella diphylla .66' 1.5' 1' 2.5' PSh FSh Apr May M W Columbine, Wild Aquilegia canadensis 2' 3' 1' 1.5' FS FSh Apr May Wd R Y Y Y Lespedeza, Virginia Lespedeza virginica 2' 4' PS FSh May Sep A Pn Anenome, Canada, Meadow Anemone Anemone canadensis 1' 1.5' 1' FS FSh May Jul M W N Ginseng, American Ginseng Panax quinquefolia 1' 2' .75' 1' PSh FSh Jun Jul Wd W Monkeyflower Mimulus alatus 1' 3' PSh FSh Jun Sep M W Pr W Pn Y Y Aster, Short's Aster shortii 2' 3' PSh FSh Sep Oct Wd B Y Y Y

Page 49 TABLE 11 Wildflowers That Prefer Full Shade - Height

See KEY for abbreviation explanation

Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Partridge Berry Mitchella repens .08' .16" .5' 1' FSh PSh May Jul A W N Violet, Blue, Johnny Jumpup Viola papilionacea .25' .5' .25' .5' FSh FS Mar Jun Wd B Y Violet, Canadian Viola candensis .25' .5' .25' 5' FSh FS Mar Jun Wd W Y Meehania, Meehan's Mint Meehania cordata .33' .5' .25' 1.5' FSh PSh May Jun A B Pn Green and Gold, Golden Star Chrysogonum virginianum .33' .5' .75' 1.5' FSh PSh May Oct Wd Y Dutchman's Breeches Dicentra cucullaria .33' 1' .5' 1' FSh PSh Apr May Wd W Trillium, Toad Shade, Sweet Betsey Trillium, cuneatum .33' 1' .5' 1' FSh Apr Jun A R Pr Ginger, Wild Asarum canadense .5' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May Wd R Br Y Squirrel Corn, Turkey Corn Dicentra canadensis .5' 1' FSh PSh Apr May Wd W Y Bluets, Purple, Venus' Pride Houstonia purpurea, cerulea .5' .66' FSh PSh May June Wd Pr W Blood Root Sanquinaria canadensis .66' .83' .25' .5' FSh PSh Apr May A W Pn Twinleaf Jeffersonia diphylla .75' 1.5' .5' .75' FSh PSh Apr May A W Foamflower Tiarella cordifolia .75' 1' 1' 2' FSh PSh Apr May A W Trillium, Bent Trillium, flexipes .75' 2' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May A W Trillium, Erect Yellow, Wood Lily Trillium, erectum f. luteum .75' 2' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May A G Y Trillium, Erect Red, Wake Robin Trillium, erectum .75' 1.5' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr Jun A R Bellwort, Large-flowered Uvularia grandiflora 1' 1.5' 1' 1.5' Fsh Psh Apr M Y Green Dragon Arisaema dractonium 1' 3' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh May June M G Y Trillium, Yellow Trillium, luteum 1' 1.5' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May Wd Y Mayapple Podophyllum peltatum 1' 1.5' .75' 1' FSh PSh Apr Jun Wd W Trillium, Large White Trillium, grandiflorum 1' 1.5' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr Jun A W Pn Solomon's Seal Polygonatum biflorum 1' 3' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May M D G W Shooting Star Dodecatheon meadia 1' 1.5' .75' 1' FSh PSh Apr May Wd W Pn Poppy, Celandine Stylophorum diphyllum 1' 1.5' .75' 1' FSh PSh Apr Jun A M Y Jack-in-the-Pulpit Arisaema triphyllum 1' 2' 1' 1.5' FSh PSsh Apr May M G Pr Lady's Slipper, Kentucky Cypripedium kentuckiensis 1' 2' FSh PSh May Wd Y Geranium, Wild Geranium maculatum 1.5' 2' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr June Wd Pn Y Y Bluebells, Virginia Mertensia virginiaca 1.5' 2' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May M Wd B

Page 50 Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Solomon's Seal, False Maianthemum racemosa 1.5' 3' 2' 3' FSh PSh Apr May A W Y Spiderwort, Virginia, V. Spiderlily Tradescantia virginiana 1.5' 3' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh May Jul Wd Pr B Phacelia Phacelia bipinnaifida 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May Wd B Baneberry, White Actaea pachypoda 2' 3' 1' Fsh PSh May June Wd M W Black Cohosh, Snakeroot, Bugbane Cimicifuga racemosa 2' 3' 2' 4' FSh PSh Jun Jul Wd W Y Y N Beardtongue, Hairy Penstemon hirsutus 2' 3' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Jun Jul Wd B W Y Y N Turtlehead Chelone glabra 2' 3' 1.5' 2.5' FSh PSh Aug Oct A Wd W Pn Y Y Y N Mint, Hairy Wood, Hairy Pagoda Blephilia hirsuta 2' 4' .75' 1.5' FSh PSh May Sep A W Pr Y Phlox, Smooth Phlox amoena 2' 3' FSh PSh Jun Jul A M R Pn Y Y Y Y Coneflower, Glade Echinacea simulata 2' 3' 1' 2' FSh PSh Jun Jul A D Pn Y Y Anenome, Rue Anemone thalictroides 2" 6" .5' .75' FSh PSh Apr May Wd W N Hyancinth, Wild Camassia scilloides 3' FSh PSh Apr May Wd B Coneflower, Purple Echinacea purpurea 3' 4' 1.5' 2' FSh PSh Jun Aug Wd Pn Pr Y Y Y N Coneflower, Pale Purple Echinacea pallida 3' 4' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Jun Jul Wd D Pn Y Y Y

Wildflowers That May Also Prefer Full Shade - Height Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 So2 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Bishop's Cap, Miterwort Mitella diphylla .66' 1.5' 1' 2.5' PSh FSh Apr May M W Ginseng, American Ginseng Panax quinquefolia 1' 2' .75' 1' PSh FSh Jun Jul Wd W Monkeyflower Mimulus alatus 1' 3' PSh FSh Jun Sep M W Pr W Pn Y Y Anenome, Canada, Meadow Anemone Anemone canadensis 1' 1.5' 1' FS FSh May Jul M W N Lespedeza, Virginia Lespedeza virginica 2' 4' PS FSh May Sep A Pn Aster, Short's Aster shortii 2' 3' PSh FSh Sep Oct Wd B Y Y Y Columbine, Wild Aquilegia canadensis 2' 3' 1' 1.5' FS FSh Apr May Wd R Y Y Y

Page 51 TABLE 12 Wildflowers That Attract Wildlife

See KEY for abbreviation explanation of other characteristics B = Birds H = Hummingbirds Bt = Butterflies, (Y), Moths, (Y1) GW = General Wildlife Alphabetized by Common Name

Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Anenome, Canada, Meadow Anemone Anemone canadensis 1' 1.5' 1' FS FSh May Jul M W N Anenome, Rue Anemone thalictroides 2" 6" .5' .75' FSh PSh Apr May Wd W N Arrowhead, Duck Potato Sagittaria latifolia 1' 4' 1' 3' FS Jul Sep W W Y Aster, Aromatic Aster oblongifolius 1.5' 1' 3' FS PS Sep Oct D Pr B Y Y Y Aster, Arrow-leaved Aster sagittifolius 3' 4' PSh Jul Sep W B W Y Y Y Aster, Calico, Lady in Black Aster laterifolius 3' 4' 2' 3' FS Sep Oct A W Y Y Y Aster, Crooked Stemmed Aster prenanthoides 1' 2' 1' FS PS Sep Oct M Pr Y Y Y Aster, Golden Chrysopsis mariana 2' 3' 2' 3' FS PS Sep Oct Wd G Y Y Aster, New England Aster novae-angliae 4' 5' 2' 3' FS Sep Oct A Pr Y Y Y Aster, Short's Aster shortii 2' 3' PSh FSh Sep Oct Wd B Y Y Y Aster, Silky Aster sericeus 1.5' 2.5' 1.5' 2' FS Sep Oct D Pn Pr Y Y Y Aster, Sky Blue Aster azureus 2' 4' 1.5 2' FS Sep Oct D B Y Y Aster, Smooth, Blue Aster, Stoke's Aster Aster laevis 2' 4' 1' 2' FS PS Sep Oct D B Y Y Y Aster, Swamp Aster puniceus 2' 6' 2' 3' FS PS Aug Oct M Pr Y Y Aster, White Wood Aster divaricata, Eurybia divaricata 1' 2.5' 1.5' 2.5' FS PS Aug Sep D W Y Y Aster, Willow Aster praealtus 3' 5' FS Aug Sep M Pr Y Y Y Beardtongue, Foxglove Penstemon digitalis 3' 4' 1.5' 2' FS PS Jun Jun Wd W Y Y Y Beardtongue, Hairy Penstemon hirsutus 2' 3' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Jun Jul Wd B W Y Y N Beardtongue, Purple, Dewflower Penstemon cobaea purputeus 1' 2' 1' 1.5' FS PS May June Wd W R Pr Y Y Beardtongue, Showy Penstemon cobaea 1' 3' 1' 1.5' FS PS May Jun A Pr Y Y Beardtongue, Small's Penstemon smallii 1' 2' .75' FS PS May Jun Wd Pn Pr Y Y Y Bergamot, Wild Monarda fistulosa 3' 5' 2' 3' PS Jun Aug A Pr R Y Y1

Page 52 Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Black Cohosh, Snakeroot, Bugbane Cimicifuga racemosa 2' 3' 2' 4' FSh PSh Jun Jul Wd W Y Y N Black-eyed Susan Rudbeckia hirta 2' 3' 1' 2' FS PS Jun Aug Wd Y Y Y Y Blazing Star, Dense, Spiked Liatris spicata 2' 4' .75' 1.5' FS Jun Aug Wd Pr Y Y N Blazing Star, Dwarf, Grayfeather Liatris cylindracea 1.5' 2' .5' 1' FS Jul Sep A Pn Y Y Y Blazing Star, Prairie Liatris pycnostachya 2' 5' 1' 2' FS Jul Aug A Pn Pr Y Y Y Blazing Star, Rough Liatris aspera 2' 3' 1' 1.5' FS Aug Oct A Pn Pr Y Y Y Blazing Star, Southern Liatris squarosa 2' 3' FS Jul Oct D Pn Pr Y Y Y Blazing Star, Tiny-headed, Button Snakeroot Liatris microcephala .5' 2' .75' 1' FS PS Jul Wd Pn Pr Y Y Y Blue Star, Eastern Amsonia tabernaemontana 3' 4' .75' 1' FS PS May June Wd B Y N Boltonia, False Aster Boltonia asteroides 2' 6' 2' 4' FS Aug Sep A W Pn B Y Y N Boneset, Thoroughwort Euphtorium perfoliatum 3' 5' 3 4' FS PS Aug Sep M W Y Y, Bradbury's Monarda Monarda bradburnia, M. bradburniana 2' 3' 1' 2' FS PSh May A Pn W Pr Y Y Y1 Bundleflower, Illinois, Prairie B. Desmanthus illinoensis 2' 3' 2' 3' FS Jun Wd W Y Y Cardinal Flower Lobelia cardialis 2' 4' 1' 2' FS PSh Jul Sep A R Y Y Y Clover, Purple Prairie Dalea purpurea 1' 3' 1' 1.5' FS Jun Aug Wd Pr Y Y Clover, Round-headed Bush Lespedeza capitata 2' 4' 1' 2' FS PSh Jul Sep D W Y Columbine, Wild Aquilegia canadensis 2' 3' 1' 1.5' FS FSh Apr May Wd R Y Y Y Compass Plant Silphium laciniatum 5' 9' 1.5' 3' FS Jul Sep Wd Y Y Y Coneflower, Glade Echinacea simulata 2' 3' 1' 2' FSh PSh Jun Jul A Pn Y Y Coneflower, Orange Rudbeckia fulgida 2' 3' 2' 2.5' FS Jun Oct Wd Y Y Y Coneflower, Pale Purple Echinacea pallida 3' 4' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Jun Jul Wd Pn Y Y Y Coneflower, Purple Echinacea purpurea 3' 4' 1.5' 2' FSh PSh Jun Aug Wd Pn Pr Y Y Y N Coneflower, Sweet Rudbeckia subtomentosa 3' 5' 1' 2' FS PSh Jul Oct Wd Y Y Y Coneflower, Yellow Ratibida pinnata 3' 5' 1.5' 2' FS Jun Aug Wd Y Y Y Coreopsis, Eared C., Mouse-eared C. Coreopsis auriculata .5' 1.5' .5' .75' FS PS May Jun Wd Y O Y Y Y N Coreopsis, Lanceleaf C., Tickseed C. Coreopsis lanceolata 1' 2' 1' 1.5' FS May Jul Wd Y Y Y Y N Coreopsis, Tall Coreopsis tripteris 7' 8' 2' 8' FS Jul Sep Wd Y Y Y Y N Crossvine Bignonia capreolata 3.5' 50' 6' 9' Sh May Jun A R Y Y Culver's Root Veronicastrum virginicum 4' 6' 2' 4' FS PS May Aug A W Y Y Cup Plant Silphium perfoliatum 4' 8' 1' 3' FS Jul Sep A Y Y Y Dock, Prairie Silphium terebinthinaceum 6' 8' 1' 3' FS Jul Sep A Y Y Y Fameflower, or Limestone F. Talinum calcaricum .66' .83' .75' 1' FS Jul Wd Pn Y Fire Pink, Catchfly Silene virginica 1' 1.5' .75' 1.5' FS PSh Apr Jul D R Y

Page 53 Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Gaura Gaura biennis 4' 5' FS Jun Oct M Pn W Y1 Geranium, Wild Geranium maculatum 1.5' 2' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr June Wd Pn Y Y Ginger, Wild Asarum canadense .5' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May Wd R Br Y Ginseng, American Ginseng Panax quinquefolia 1' 2' .75' 1' PSh FSh Jun Jul Wd W Y Goatsbeard Aruncus dioicus 4' 6' 2' 4' FS PS Apr May Wd W Y Y, Goldenrod, Elm-leaved Solidago ulmifolia 1' 3' PSh Aug Sep A Y Y1 N Goldenrod, Gray Solidago nemoralis .5' 2.5' .75' 2' FS PS Jul Oct Wd Y Y Y N Goldenrod, Rigid Solidago rigida 3' 5' 1.5' 2.5' FS Aug Sep Wd Y Y N Goldenrod, Rough-leaved Solidago rugosa 2.5' 3' 2.5' 3' FS PS Sep Oct A Y Y N Goldenrod, Showy Solidago speciosa 2' 3' 2' 3' FS Jul Sep A Y Y N Goldenrod, Woodland, Bluestem G. Solidago caesia 1.5' 3' 1.5' 3' FS PSh Aug Oct A Y Y Y N Green Dragon Arisaema dractonium 1' 3' 1' 1.5' FSh PSh May June M G Y Hairy Angelica Angelica venosa 3' 6' FS PS Jul Sep A W Y Horsemint Monarda punctata 1' 3' .75' 1' FS PSh Jun Jul Wd Y Pr Y Y Indian Hemp, Dogbane Apocynum cannabinum 2' 4' 1.5' 2.5' FS PSh Jul Aug A G Y Indian Psychic, American Ipecac Gillenia stipulata 2' 3' FS PS May Jun A W Pn Y Indigo, Cream False, Buffalo Pea Baptisia leucophaea 2' 3' FS PS Jun Jul D W Y Y N Indigo, White False Baptisia lactea 3' 5' 2' 3' FS PSh Jun Jul M W Y Y N Indigo, Wild Blue/False Baptisia australis 3' 5' 3' 4' FS PSh May June A B Y Y Y N Indigo, Wild White Baptisia alba 3' 5' 2 2.5' FS PSh May Jun M W Y Y N Iris, Blue Flag Iris virginica 2' 2.5' 2' 2.5' FS PSh May Jun M B Y Y Iris, Copper Iris fulva 2' 3' 1' 2' FS PSh Jun Jul W O Y Y Ironweed Vernonia altissima 4' 6' 3' 6' FS PS Aug Sep A Pn Pr Y Y Ironweed, Giant Vernonia gigantea 5' 8' 3' 6' FS PS Aug Sep A Pn Pr Y Y Joe-Pye Weed Eupatorium purpureum 4' 8' 2' 4' FS PS Jul Sep M Pn Y Y N Leaf Cup, Bearsfoot Polymnia uvedalia 6' 8' FS PS Jul Sep A Y Y Lily, Turkscap Lilium superbum 4' 7' .5' .75' FS PS Jul A O Y Lobelia, Great Blue Lobelia siphilitica 2' 3' 1' 1.5' FS PSh Jul Sep A B Y Lobelia, Spiked Lobelia spicata 2' 3' FS PSh Jun Aug A B W Y Lobelia, White Lobelia siphilitica, var. alba 2' 3' 1' 1.5' FS PSh Jul Sep A W Y Meadow Rue, Tall Thalictrum polygamum 3' 6' FS PSh Jun Jul W W Y Milkvetch Astragalus canadensis 2' 4' 2' 4' FS Jun Aug Wd W Y Y Y Milkweed, Butterfly, Pleurisy Root Asclepias tuberosa 1' 4' 1' 1.5' FS May Sep D O Y Y Y N

Page 54 Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Milkweed, Common Asclepias syriaca 3' 5' 3' 4' FS PS Jun Aug Wd Pn Pr Y Y Milkweed, Ozark, Green M., Spider M. Asclepias viridis 2' 3' 2' 3' FS PS May Jul D G W Pr Y Y Milkweed, Purple Asclepias purpurea 2' 3' 1' 3' FS PS May Jul M Pr Y Y Milkweed, Swamp, Marsh M. Asclepias incarnata 3' 5' 2' 3' FS PS May Jul M Pn Y Y Milkweed, Whorled Asclepias verticillata 1' 2' FS May Sep W Y Y Y Mint, Downy Wood, Ohio Horsemint Blephilia ciliata 1' 1.5' .75' 1.5' FS PS May Jul Wd Pr Y Y Y Mint, Hairy Wood, Hairy Pagoda Blephilia hirsuta 2' 4' .75' 1.5' FSh PSh May Sep A W Pr Y Mint, Short Tooth Mountain Pycnanthemum muticum 3' 4' FS PS Jul Aug A W Pr Y Y Mint, Slender Mountain Pycnanthemum tenuifolium 2' 3' 2' 3' FS PSh Jul Sep Wd W Y Y Mistflower, Blue M. Eupatorium coelestinum 3' FS PS Jul Oct M B Pr Y Monkeyflower Mimulus alatus 1' 3' PSh FSh Jun Sep M Pr W Pn Y Y Nodding Wild Onion Allium cernuum 1' 2' .25' .5' FS PS Jul Aug Wd Pn W Y N Obedient Plant Physotegia virginiana 3' 4' 2' 3' FS PS Jun Sep Wd Pn Y Y Partridge Berry Mitchella repens .08' .16" .5' 1' FSh PSh May Jul A W N Passionflower Vine, Maypop Passiflora incarnata 6' 8' 3' 6' FS PSh Jul Sep A W Pr Y Petunia, Wild Ruellia strepens, R. humilis 1' 3' 1' 1.5' PSh May Aug Wd B Pr Y Y Phacelia Phacelia bipinnaifida 1.5' FSh PSh Apr May Wd B Phlox, Carolina Phlox caroliniana 2' 3' FS PS Jul M Pn Pr Y Y Y Phlox, Creeping Moss Phlox subulata 2" 6" .5' 2' FS Apr May Wd Pn Pr W Y Y Y Phlox, Downy Phlox pilosa 1' 1.5' .75' 1' FS May Jul Wd Pn Y Y Y Phlox, Garden Phlox paniculata 1' 1.5' .75' 1' FS PSh Jul Sep Wd Pn R W Y Y Y Y Phlox, Meadow, Wild Sweet William Phlox maculata 1' 2' 1' 1.5' FS PSh Jun Oct A Pn W Y Y Y Phlox, Smooth Phlox amoena 2' 3' FSh PSh Jun Jul A R Pn Y Y Y Y Phlox, Wild Blue, Wild Sweet William Phlox divaricata 1' 1.5' .75' 1' FSj PSh Apr May A B Pr Y Y Y Pickerel Rush, Pickeral Weed Pontederia cordata 2' 4' 1.5' 2' FS PS Jun Oct W B Y Prairie Clover, White, Dove White P.C. Dalea candidum 2' 3' .75' 1.5' FS May Jul Wd W Y Y Y Primrose, Large-flowered, Evening Oenothera grandiflora 3' 5' FS PS Jun Aug A Y Y Y N Primrose, Missouri Oenothera missouriense .66' .83' FS Jul Aug A Y Y Y Y Primrose, Showy, Pink Ladies Oenothera speciosa .75' 2' 1.5' FS May June D W Pn Y Y Rattlesnake Master Eryngium yuccifolium 3' 4' 2' 3' FS PS Jul Aug A W Y Y Y Rose Mallow Hibiscus moscheutos 2' 2.5' 1.5' 2' FS Aug Sep M W Pn Y Y Y Rosinweed Silphium integrifolium 2' 6' 1' 3' FS Jul Sep A Y Y Y Rosinweed, Whorled Silphium trifoliatum 4' 10' FS Jun Sep A Y G Y

Page 55 Common Name Scientific Name H1 H2 Spr1 Spr2 S1 S2 Bl1 Bl2 So1 C1 C2 C3 B H Bt GW Royal Catchfly Silene regia 2.5' 3' FS PS Jul Aug Wd R Pn Y Y Y Sage, Blue Salvia azurea 3' 4' 2' 3' FS Jul Oct Wd B Y Y Y Sedum, Stonecrop Sedum ternatum .33' .5' .5' PSh FS Apr May Wd Pn W Y Senna, Wild Cassia marilandica 4' 6' 4' 6' FS PS Jul Sep Wd Y Y Y Y Sneeze-weed, Autumn Helenium autumnale 3' 5' 2' 3' FS Aug Oct A Y G Y Y Sneeze-weed, Purple Headed Helenium nudiflorum, H flexuosum 1.5' 3' 1.25' 1.5' FS Jun Oct M Y Y Y Solomon's Seal, False Maianthemum racemosa 1.5' 3' 2' 3' FSh PSh Apr May A W Y Squirrel Corn, Turkey Corn Dicentra canadensis .5' 1' FSh PSh Apr May Wd W Y St. John's Wort, Goatweed Hypericum perferatum 2.5' FS PS Jun Aug Wd Y Y Strawberry, Wild Fragaria virginiana .5' FS PS Apr May A W Y Y Y Y Sundrops Oenothera fruiticosa 1' 1.5' 1' 2' FS May Jun A Y Y Y Sunflower, Downy, Ashy S. Helianthus mollis 3' 4' FS Jun Oct Wd Y O Y Y Y Sunflower, Giant, Toothleaved S. Helianthus giganteus 3' 10' 1' 3' FS Jul Oct M Y Y N Sunflower, Narrow-leaved S., Swamp S. Helanthus angustifolius 3' 6' FS PS Sep Nov M Y Y Y Y Sunflower, Oxeye, False S. Heliopsis helianthoides 3' 6' 1' 4' FS Jun Aug Wd Y Y Sunflower, Rough-leaved, Hairy S. Helianthus hirsutus 3' 6' 3' FS PS Jul Aug A Y Y Y Sunflower, Tickseed Bidens aristosa 1' 5' FS Aug Oct A Y Y Sunflower, Western Helianthus occidentialis 2' 4' 1.5' 2' FS Aug Sep Wd Y Y Y Y Susan, Brown-eyed Rudbeckia triloba 2' 3' 1' 1.5' FS PS Jul Oct Wd Y Y Y Thimbleflower, Thimbleweed Anemone virginiana 1' 2' 1' 1.5' FS PS Apr May D W Y Y N Tickseed, Wood Coreopsis major 2' 3' 1' 2' FS Jun Jul A Y Y Trumpet Vine, Trumpet Creeper Campsis radicans 25' 40' 5' 10' FS PS Jul Sep M R O Y Y Turtlehead Chelone glabra 2' 3' 1.5' 2.5' FSh PSh Aug Oct A W Pn Y Y Y N Vase Vine, Bluebill, Yellowflower Clematis virginica 12' 15' 3' 4' FS PS May Jun M Pn Pr Y Y Y N Verbena, Rose, Vervain Verbena canadensis .5' 1' FS PS Apr Oct Wd Pr Pn Y Y Vervain, Blue Verbena hastata 2' 6' 1' 2.5' FS PS Jul Sep W B Pr Y Y Violet, Birdfoot Viola pedata .25' .5' .25' .5' FS Mar May D Pr Y Violet, Blue, Johnny Jumpup Viola papilionacea .25' .5' .25' .5' FSh FS Mar Jun Wd B Y Violet, Canadian Viola candensis .25' .5' .25' 5' FSh FS Mar Jun Wd W Y Violet, Labrador Viola labradorica .25' .5' .25' .5' FS PSh May A B Pr Y N Wild Pink Silene caroliniana .33' .5' .75' 1' FS PSh Apr May Wd Pn Y Y

Page 56 TABLE 13 Special Comments

See KEY for abbreviation explanation Alphabetized by Common Name

Common Name Scientific Name Comment Aloe, American, or False Agave virginica fragrant Alumroot, Coral Bells Heuchera americana many varieties, needs constant moisture in FS, good ground cover Anenome, Canada, Meadow Anemone Anemone canadensis favors locations near water Anenome, Rue Anemone thalictroides may have slug predation when young Arrowhead, Duck Potato Sagittaria latifolia needs full sun to flower best, does well near ponds, edible tuber, may have mites, aphids Aster, Aromatic Aster oblongifolius may need staking, ingrequent to powdery mildew, tolerant to poor soils and drought Aster, Arrow-leaved Aster sagittifolius found in wet woods Aster, Calico, Lady in Black Aster laterifolius may need staking Aster, Crooked Stemmed Aster prenanthoides small flowers Aster, Golden Chrysopsis mariana not a true aster, just looks like one Aster, New England Aster novae-angliae may need staking, ingrequent to powdery mildew, critical late season nectar for Monarch B. Aster, Short's Aster shortii may need staking Aster, Silky Aster sericeus more common in other states than KY Aster, Sky Blue Aster azureus feel like sandpaper Aster, Smooth, Blue Aster, Stoke's Aster Aster laevis may need staking Aster linarifolius, Ionactus Aster, Stiff linariifolius may need staking Aster, Swamp Aster puniceus glossy leaved Aster, White Wood Aster divaricata, Eurybia divaricata good for wooded areas, (PS) Aster, Willow Aster praealtus infrequent leaf spot Baneberry, White Actaea pachypoda white berries slightly toxic Beardtongue, Foxglove Penstemon digitalis may have root rot in poorly drained soils, may have Leaf Spot Beardtongue, Hairy Penstemon hirsutus deer resistant Beardtongue, Purple, Dewflower Penstemon cobaea purputeus may have root rot in poorly drained soils Beardtongue, Showy Penstemon cobaea very showy flowers Beardtongue, Small's Penstemon smallii deer resistant, must self-seed, easy to grow, good border Bell Flower, American Campanula americana consistantly moist soil, may be invasive, milky sap, annual or bi-annual Bellwort, Large-flowered Uvularia grandiflora young plants susceptible to slugs

Page 57 Common Name Scientific Name Comment Bergamot, Wild Monarda fistulosa deadhead to promote blooms, may have powdery mildew Bishop's Cap, Miterwort Mitella diphylla resembels white Coral Bells Black Cohosh, Snakeroot, Bugbane Cimicifuga racemosa drought tolerant, young/slugs, powdery mildew, semi invasive, foul odor Black-eyed Susan Rudbeckia hirta slightly smaller center, short-lived, deadhead, profuse blooms Blazing Star, Dense, Spiked Liatris spicata heat, humidity tolerant, slow to establish, spikes require staking Blazing Star, Dwarf, Grayfeather Liatris cylindracea heat, humidity tolerant, slow to establish Blazing Star, Prairie Liatris pycnostachya flowers open top to bottom, spikes need staking Blazing Star, Rough Liatris aspera may need staking, stalks bloom all together Blazing Star, Southern Liatris squarosa showy flowers Blazing Star, Tiny-headed, Button Snakeroot Liatris microcephala drought tolerant, heat and humidity tolerant Blood Root Sanquinaria canadensis each plant has one flower, bright reddish-orange sap, toxic root, dormant in summer Blue Star, Eastern Amsonia tabernaemontana low maintenance Bluebells, Virginia Mertensia virginiaca found in moist shady woodlands, dormant in summer Bluets, Canadian Summer Bluet, Houstonia canadensis aka Long Leaf Bluet, may be susceptible to fungus Bluets, Purple, Venus' Pride Houstonia purpurea, cerulea small flowers Boltonia, False Aster Boltonia asteroides profuse bloom, susceptible to powder mildew Boneset, Thoroughwort Euphtorium perfoliatum needs constant moisture, all parts of plant very toxic and bitter Bundleflower, Illinois, Prairie B. Desmanthus illinoensis drought tolerant, high protein content of seeds, (good for birds) Cactus, Prickly Pear Opuntia humifusa over 200 species, milk from succulent leaves tastes like watermelon, sweet edible fruit Cardinal Flower Lobelia cardialis likes PSh in Ky area, needs constant moisture Clover, Purple Prairie Dalea purpurea drought tolerant, nitrogen-fixing plant Clover, Round-headed Bush Lespedeza capitata well-drained soil is necessary, drought tolerant Columbine, Wild Aquilegia canadensis freely self seeds, disease resistant Compass Plant Silphium laciniatum flower to 5" wide, gummy sap, leave seeds for birds, slow to establish, bloom year 2-3 Coneflower, Glade Echinacea simulata goldfinches eat seed in winter, infrequent Japanese Beetle, powdery mildew problems Coneflower, Orange Rudbeckia fulgida tolerates hot, dry summers, deadhead Coneflower, Pale Purple Echinacea pallida goldfinches eat seed in winter, infrequent Japanese Beetle, powdery mildew problems Coneflower, Purple Echinacea purpurea goldfinches eat seed in winter, infrequent Japanese Beetle, powdery mildew problems Coneflower, Sweet Rudbeckia subtomentosa may need staking, fragrant flowers, tolerates hot, humid summers, save seeds for birds Coneflower, Yellow Ratibida pinnata tolerates poor dry soils, may need staking, leave seeds for birds Coreopsis, Eared C., Mouse-eared C. Coreopsis auriculata deadhead for additional bloom, will stop blooming if too dry Coreopsis, Lanceleaf C., Tickseed C. Coreopsis lanceolata tolerant of heat, humidity, and drought, may be invasive Coreopsis, Tall Coreopsis tripteris tolerant of heat, humidity, and drought

Page 58 Common Name Scientific Name Comment Crossvine Bignonia capreolata grows shorter in cultivation, loves to climb trees, related to trumpet vine Culver's Root Veronicastrum virginicum tolerates light shade, may need staking Cup Plant Silphium perfoliatum easy to grow, tolerates some drought once established, gummie sap Dock, Cut Leaf Prairie, Tansy Rosinweed Silphium pinnatifidum not common in KY, do not disturb soil near plant Dock, Prairie Silphium terebinthinaceum tolerates poor soils, slow to establish, flowers year 2-3, may need staking Dutchman's Breeches Dicentra cucullaria same genus as cultivated Bleeded Hearts Early Saxifrage Saxifraga virginiana flowers on tall stems Fameflower, or Limestone F. Talinum calcaricum good drainage essential, succelent leaves, flowers from noon to mid-afternoon Fire Pink, Catchfly Silene virginica best in rock gardens Foamflower Tiarella cordifolia wet soil in winter fatal, may be invasive, marginal ornamental Galax Galax aphylla prefers cool sites, can tolerate acidic soils, likes pine needle mulch Gaura Gaura biennis fragrant biennial, susceptibility to Japanese Beetles, deer favorite, Gentian, Bottle, Closed G. Gentiana andrewsii normal yellow leaves in summer Gentian, White Gentiana alba some susceptibility to beetles Geranium, Wild Geranium maculatum yellow leaves if soil too dry in summer Ginger, Wild Asarum canadense ground cover or edging, small blooms Ginseng, American Ginseng Panax quinquefolia fragrant leaves, endangered, do not collect from wild, reported in small areas in Eastern KY Goatsbeard Aruncus dioicus similar in appearance to Astilbe, infrequent leaf spot Golden Ragwort Senecio aureus daisy-shaped flowers w/yellow centers, big basal leaves, semi-evergreen Goldenrod, Elm-leaved Solidago ulmifolia may need to be staked Goldenrod, Fragrant, Sweet G. Solidago odora anise-scented leaves, infrequent Rust, powdery mildew, Leaf Spot Goldenrod, Gray Solidago nemoralis tolerates poor soils, one of the smallest goldenrods Goldenrod, Rigid Solidago rigida deadhead, infrequent Rust, may need division 2-3 years, may need staking Goldenrod, Rough-leaved Solidago rugosa tolerates moister soils, infrequent Rust, divide every 2-3 years Goldenrod, Showy Solidago speciosa deadhead, club-shaped flower clusters, infrequent Rust, divide every 2-3 years Goldenrod, Woodland, Bluestem G. Solidago caesia non-invasive, infrequent Rust Green and Gold, Golden Star Chrysogonum virginianum bloom stops in heat of summer, some susceptibility to powdery mildew Green Dragon Arisaema dractonium dormant in summer, red berries, roots toxic Hairy Alumroot Heuchera villosa several varieties, full morning sun, late shade, drought tolerant Hairy Angelica Angelica venosa can be easily confused with Water Hemlock which is highly poisonous Hepatica, Round-lobed Hepatica americana needs moist soils Hepatica, Sharp-lobed, Liverwort Hepatica acutiloba leaves must be left over winter, chipmonk favorite Horsemint Monarda punctata fragrant leaves, deadhead, may have powdery mildew, found in southern KY

Page 59 Common Name Scientific Name Comment Hyancinth, Wild Camassia scilloides short bloom time Indian Hemp, Dogbane Apocynum cannabinum can be invasive, do not use in landscaped gardens Indian Psychic, American Ipecac Gillenia stipulata requires shade during the hottest part of the day, young susceptible to slugs Indigo, Cream False, Buffalo Pea Baptisia leucophaea 5 fingered leaves Indigo, White False Baptisia lactea may take 2 years to mature Indigo, Wild Blue/False Baptisia australis seeds rattle in blackened pods, may need staking Indigo, Wild White Baptisia alba forms decorative blackened seed pods Iris, Blue Flag Iris virginica may grow in shallow-standing waters, various colors, susceptible to insects Iris, Blue-eyed Grass Sisyrinchium angustifolium tolerates light shade, small flowers Iris, Copper Iris fulva leaves, roots slightly toxic, needs moist soil Iris, Dwarf Crested Iris cristata best in partial shade, susceptible to snails & slugs Ironweed Vernonia altissima tolerance for flooding, 15-30 flowers per cluster Ironweed, Giant Vernonia gigantea taller than regular ironweed, may be weedy or aggressive Jack-in-the-Pulpit Arisaema triphyllum 5 years to mature, dormant in summer, red berries, roots toxic Jacob's Ladder, Greek Valerian Polemonium reptans weak stems Jersulem Artichoke, Sunflower A. Helianthus tuberosus "Canadian Potato" for edible tuberous root, may be invasive, good for fence lines Joe-Pye Weed Eupatorium purpureum vanilla scented, birds love winter seed heads, leaf scorch w/dry soil Lady's Slipper, Kentucky Cypripedium kentuckiensis may be endangered in some areas, do not harvest wild plants Lady's Slipper, Large Yellow Cypripedium pubescens may be endangered in some areas, do not harvest wild plants, easy to grow Leaf Cup, Bearsfoot Polymnia uvedalia grows easily from seed, poisonous in large quantities Lespedeza, Virginia Lespedeza virginica Pea-like flowers, deer favorite Lily, Turkscap Lilium superbum soils must be moist Lizard Tail Saururus cernuus good in ponds, fragrant flowers, leaves and roots have citrus aroma Lobelia, Great Blue Lobelia siphilitica needs constant moisture, likes PSh in KY Lobelia, Spiked Lobelia spicata variable colors, potentially poisonous as nicotine, requires moist soil Lobelia, White Lobelia siphilitica, var. alba needs constant moisture, likes PSh in KY Marigold, Marsh Caltha palustrus plant near ponds, streams, susceptible to powdery mildew Mayapple Podophyllum peltatum roots, leaves are toxic, dormant in summer, flowers "hidden", fleshy fruit Meadow Rue, Tall Thalictrum polygamum hardy, wide variation in height, prefers swampy soils Meehania, Meehan's Mint Meehania cordata prefers PSh, tolerates FSh, some susceptibility to slugs, good ground cover Milkvetch Astragalus canadensis rounded leaves in long fronds Milkweed, Butterfly, Pleurisy Root Asclepias tuberosa drought tolerant Milkweed, Common Asclepias syriaca toxic if ingested

Page 60 Common Name Scientific Name Comment Milkweed, Ozark, Green M., Spider M. Asclepias viridis low maintenance Milkweed, Purple Asclepias purpurea can be invasive Milkweed, Swamp, Marsh M. Asclepias incarnata fragrant flowers, slow to emerge in spring, sap is toxic Milkweed, Whorled Asclepias verticillata toxic if ingested Mint, Downy Wood, Ohio Horsemint Blephilia ciliata square stems, susceptible to powder mildew, insects may eat foliage w/ 'ratty' look Mint, Hairy Wood, Hairy Pagoda Blephilia hirsuta susceptible to powder mildew, insects may eat foliage w/ 'ratty' look Mint, Short Tooth Mountain Pycnanthemum muticum decorative whitish leaves, deer resistant, best with Balm & Obedient Plant Mint, Slender Mountain Pycnanthemum tenuifolium sometimes aggressive, profuse small flowers, all parts smell like mint Mistflower, Blue M. Eupatorium coelestinum similar to Azuratum Monkeyflower Mimulus alatus more foliage than flower, no stems, good pondside plant Nodding Wild Onion Allium cernuum low maintenance Obedient Plant Physotegia virginiana may need staking, may be invasive, "obedient" to shaping (temporarily) Partridge Berry Mitchella repens fragrant, red berries, may be hard to establish, some susceptibility powdery mildew Passionflower Vine, Maypop Passiflora incarnata fragrant flowers, drought tolerant, flower 2.5" across, edible fruit matures in fall Petunia, Wild Ruellia strepens, R. humilis tolerates close to full shade Phacelia Phacelia bipinnaifida mottled purplish leaves, small flowers, bi-annual Phlox, Carolina Phlox caroliniana showy flowers on thin, smooth stems Phlox, Creeping Moss Phlox subulata mat forming, may have spider mites, good ground cover Phlox, Downy Phlox pilosa more drought tolerant, large colonies over time, may have spider mites Phlox, Garden Phlox paniculata Many varieies, may have powdery mildew, spider mites, root rot in dry conditions Phlox, Meadow, Wild Sweet William Phlox maculata avoid overhead watering, deadhead, may have powdery mildew, spider mites, root rot Phlox, Smooth Phlox amoena tall flowers on thin, smooth stems Phlox, Wild Blue, Wild Sweet William Phlox divaricata may have powdery mildew, spider mites, rabbit favorite Pickerel Rush, Pickeral Weed Pontederia cordata may have spider mites, best by ponds Plantain, Water Alisma subcordatum flowers eaten by waterfowl Poppy Mallow Callirhoe papaver drought tolerant Poppy, Celandine Stylophorum diphyllum dormant when dry, sap used as dye, may be invasive Prairie Clover, White, Dove White P.C. Dalea candidum drought tolerant, nitrogen-fixing plant Primrose, Large-flowered, Evening Oenothera grandiflora blooms only during the evening Primrose, Missouri Oenothera missouriense found in Eastern highlands of KY Primrose, Showy, Pink Ladies Oenothera speciosa open in evening to early morning Quinine, Wild, Feverfew Parthenium integrifolium fragrant, good as a dried flower Rattlesnake Master Eryngium yuccifolium may need support, best to use mass that is self-supporting

Page 61 Common Name Scientific Name Comment Rose Mallow Hibiscus moscheutos several varieties, needs constant moisture, deadhead, some susceptibility disease, insects Rosinweed Silphium integrifolium tolerates some drought once established, may have downy mildew, Leaf Spots, Rust Rosinweed, Whorled Silphium trifoliatum usually less than 5' tall, flowers 3" across Royal Catchfly Silene regia bright, star-shaped blooms, good in rock gardens Rush, Winter Scouring Equisetum hyemale non-flowering, plant from Mid-Devonian period, very invasive Sage, Blue Salvia azurea drought tolerant, deadhead, cut back after flowering Sedum, Stonecrop Sedum ternatum not an invasive ground cover Senna, Wild Cassia marilandica long fronds, silvery foliage, shrub-like, drought tolerant Shooting Star Dodecatheon meadia goes dormant in summer Skullcap, Downy Skutellaria incana endangered, mint family, ornamental value marginal Sneeze-weed, Autumn Helenium autumnale cut back in June to promote branching, used as snuff, powdery mildew, Leaf Spot, Rust Sneeze-weed, Purple Headed Helenium nudiflorum, H flexuosum used as snuff, all parts poisonous, deer resistant Solomon's Seal Polygonatum biflorum small, bell-shaped, greenish flowers, "wound seal" properties, edible root Solomon's Seal, False Maianthemum racemosa small flowers, red berries, drought tolerant, need several plants for berries Southern Harebell, Appalachia Bellflower Campanula divaricata Spiderwort, Ohio Tradescantia ohiensis divide clumps when overcrowded, cut back for fall bloom, snail damage to young, acid soil Spiderwort, Virginia, V. Spiderlily Tradescantia virginiana prefers acidic soil Spurge, Flowering Euphorbia corollata milky sap Squirrel Corn, Turkey Corn Dicentra canadensis St. John's Wort, Goatweed Hypericum perferatum 370 species, all parts of plant are toxic, invasive, odd smell Strawberry, Wild Fragaria virginiana good taste, (edible), very small berry, may be invasive Sundrops Oenothera fruiticosa blooms only during the day Sunflower, Downy, Ashy S. Helianthus mollis single flower head on stem, may need staking, may be invasive Sunflower, Giant, Toothleaved S. Helianthus giganteus deer resistant, may be invasive Sunflower, Narrow-leaved S., Swamp S. Helanthus angustifolius may need support, can tolerate water-logged soils, may be invasive Sunflower, Oxeye, False S. Heliopsis helianthoides drought tolerant, deadhead, susceptible to aphids, may need staking Sunflower, Rough-leaved, Hairy S. Helianthus hirsutus drought resistant Sunflower, Tickseed Bidens aristosa flowerheads 2" across Sunflower, Western Helianthus occidentialis drought tolerant, few leaves on stems, will need staking Susan, Brown-eyed Rudbeckia triloba ozone sensitive, short-lived but re-seeds, edible tubers, may have spider mites, aphids Sweet Flag Acorus calamus sweet smell Thimbleflower, Thimbleweed Anemone virginiana tolerates FSh, seeds stay on stalk through winter Tickseed, Wood Coreopsis major tolerant of heat, humidity, and drought

Page 62 Common Name Scientific Name Comment Trillium, Bent Trillium, flexipes needs regular watering, flowers have lemon scent, leave alone in the wild Trillium, Erect Red, Wake Robin Trillium, erectum flowers 2-3" across, tolerates extreme cold, flowers smell like rotting meat, toxic Trillium, Erect Yellow, Wood Lily Trillium, erectum f. luteum needs regular watering, flowers have lemon scent, does not transplant well Trillium, Large White Trillium, grandiflorum should be protected from deer, does not transplant well, do not collect wild flower Trillium, Prairie Trillium, recurvatum leaved purple mottled, needs regular watering Trillium, Toad Shade, Sweet Betsey Trillium, cuneatum mottled leaves Trillium, Yellow Trillium, luteum leaves often mottled, flowers may have faint lemon scent, needs regular watering Trumpet Vine, Trumpet Creeper Campsis radicans may be invasive Turtlehead Chelone glabra low maintenance, some susceptibility to powdery mildew if soil is too dry Twinleaf Jeffersonia diphylla needs good shade in summer, susceptible to snails & slugs, good ground cover Vase Vine, Bluebill, Yellowflower Clematis virginica may be invasive Verbena, Rose, Vervain Verbena canadensis fragrant flowers, winter hardy, drought tolerant, tolerates poor soil Vervain, Blue Verbena hastata flowers on spikes Violet, Birdfoot Viola pedata uniform light blue color, good ground cover, foliage may die back in summer Violet, Blue, Johnny Jumpup Viola papilionacea common blue violet Violet, Canadian Viola candensis white violets Violet, Labrador Viola labradorica found in moist woods, may be invasive Wild Pink Silene caroliniana leave undisturbed after established

Page 63 TABLE 14 Local Nurseries That Deliver Live Plants, Louisville, KY

See KEY for abbreviation explanation Alphabetized by Common Name *Other nurseries may deliver live plants in the Louisville, KY Area. Inclusion within this list does not constitute endorsement of any company. **Lists may change without warning. This list is accurate as of Jan 1, 2008.

SWS = Salato Wildlife Center, Frankfort, KY DSN = Dropseed Nursery, Louisville, KY SS = Shooting Star Nursery, Louisville, KY

Common Name Scientific Name S1 S2 SWC DSN SS American Aloe, False Aloe Agave virginica FS PSh Y Alumroot, Coral Bells Heuchera americana FS PSh Y Y Anenome, Canada, Meadow Anenome Anemone canadensis FS FSh Y Anenome, Rue Anemone thalictroides FSh PSh Y Arrowhead, Duck Potato Sagittaria latifolia FS Y Aster, Aromatic Aster oblongifolius FS PS Y Y Aster, Arrow-leaved Aster sagittifolius PSh Y Y Aster, Calico, Lady in Black Aster laterifolius FS Y Aster, Crooked Stemmed Aster prenanthoides FS PS Y Aster, Golden Chrysopsis mariana FS PS Y Aster, New England Aster novae-angliae FS Y Y Y Aster, Short's Aster shortii PSh FSh Y Y Aster, Silky Aster sericeus FS Y Y Aster, Sky Blue Aster azureus FS Y Y Aster, Smooth, Blue A., Stoke's A. Aster laevis FS PS Y Y Aster, Stiff Aster linarifolius, Ionactus linariifolius FS PS Y Aster, Swamp Aster puniceus FS PS Y Aster, White Wood Aster divaricata, Eurybia divaricata FS PS Y Aster, Willow Aster praealtus FS Y Baneberry, White Actaea pachypoda Fsh PSh Y Beardtongue, Foxglove Penstemon digitalis FS PS Y Beardtongue, Hairy Penstemon hirsutus FSh PSh Y Y Y Beardtongue, Purple, Dewflower Penstemon cobaea purpureus FS PS Y Beardtongue, Showy Penstemon cobaea FS PS Y Beardtongue, Small's Penstemon smallii FS PS Y Y Bell Flower, American Campanula americana PS Y Bellwort, Large-flowered Uvularia grandiflora Fsh Psh Y Bergamot, Wild Monarda fistulosa PS Y Y Bishop's Cap, Miterwort Mitella diphylla PSh FSh Y Black Cohosh, Snakeroot, Bugbane Cimicifuga racemosa FSh PSh Y Black-eyed Susan Rudbeckia hirta FS PS Y Blazing Star, Dense, Spiked Liatris spicata FS Y Y Blazing Star, Dwarf, Grayfeather Liatris cylindracea FS Y Blazing Star, Prairie Liatris pycnostachya FS Y Blazing Star, Rough Liatris aspera FS Y Y Blazing Star, Southern Liatris squarosa FS Y Y

Page 64 Common Name Scientific Name S1 S2 SWC DSN SS Blazing Star, Tiny-headed, Button Snakeroot Liatris microcephala FS PS Y Blood Root Sanguinaria canadensis FSh PSh Y Y Blue Star, Eastern Amsonia tabernaemontana FS PS Y Y Bluebells, Virginia Mertensia virginica FSh PSh Y Bluets, Canadian Summer Bluet, Houstonia canadensis FS Y Bluets, Purple, Venus' Pride Houstonia purpurea, cerulea FSh PSh Y Boltonia, Flase Aster Boltonia asteroides FS Y Y Boneset, Thoroughwort Eupatorium perfoliatum FS PS Y Y Y Bradbury's Monarda Monarda bradburnia, M. bradburniana FS PSh Y Bundleflower, Illinois, Prairie B. Desmanthus illinoensis FS Y Y Y Cactus, Prickly Pear Opuntia humifusa FS Y Cardinal Flower Lobelia cardinalis FS PSh Y Y Y Clover, Purple Prairie Dalea purpurea FS Y Y Clover, Round-headed Bush Lespedeza capitata FS PSh Y Columbine, Wild Aquilegia canadensis FS FSh Y Y Compass Plant Silphium laciniatum FS Y Y Y Coneflower, Glade Echinacea simulata FSh PSh Y Coneflower, Orange Rudbeckia fulgida FS Y Y Coneflower, Pale Purple Echinacea pallida FSh PSh Y Y Y Coneflower, Purple Echinacea purpurea FSh PSh Y Y Coneflower, Sweet Rudbeckia subtomentosa FS PSh Y Coneflower, Yellow Ratibida pinnata FS Y Y Y Coreopsis, Eared C., Mouse-eared C. Coreopsis auriculata FS PS Y Coreopsis, Lanceleaf C., Tickseed C. Coreopsis lanceolata FS Y Coreopsis, Tall Coreopsis tripteris FS Y Y Crossvine Bignonia capreolata Sh Y Culver's Root Veronicastrum virginicum FS PS Y Cup Plant Silphium perfoliatum FS Y Y Dock, Cut Leaf Prairie, Tansy Rosinweed Silphium pinnatifidum FS Y Dock, Prairie Silphium terebinthinaceum FS Y Y Dutchman's Breeches Dicentra cucullaria FSh PSh Y Early Saxifrage Saxifraga virginiana FSj PSh Y Fameflower, or Limestone F. Talinum calcaricum FS Y Fire Pink, Catchfly Silene virginica FS PSh Y Foamflower Tiarella cordifolia FSh PSh Y Galax Galax aphylla PSh Y Gaura Gaura biennis FS Y Gentian, Bottle, Closed G. Gentiana andrewsii PSh Y Gentian, White Gentiana alba FS PS Y Geranium, Wild Geranium maculatum FSh PSh Y Ginger, Wild Asarum canadense FSh PSh Y Y Ginseng, American Ginseng Panax quinquefolia PSh FSh Y Goatsbeard Aruncus dioicus FS PS Y Y Golden Ragwort Senecio aureus PSh Y Goldenrod, Elm-leaved Solidago ulmifolia PSh Y Goldenrod, Fragrant, Sweet G. Solidago odora FS PSh Y Goldenrod, Gray Solidago nemoralis FS PS Y Y Goldenrod, Rigid Solidago rigida FS Y Y Y Goldenrod, Rough-leaved Solidago rugosa FS PS Y Y Goldenrod, Showy Solidago speciosa FS Y Goldenrod, Woodland, Bluestem G. Solidago caesia FS PSh Y

Page 65 Common Name Scientific Name S1 S2 SWC DSN SS Green and Gold, Golden Star Chrysogonum virginianum FSh PSh Y Green Dragon Arisaema dracontium FSh PSh Y Hairy Alumroot Heuchera villosa FS PSh Y Hairy Angelica Angelica venosa FS PS Y Hepatica, Round-lobed Hepatica americana PSh Y Hepatica, Sharp-lobed, Liverwort Hepatica acutiloba PSh Y Horsemint Monarda punctata FS PSh Y Hyancinth, Wild Camassia scilloides FSh PSh Y Indian Hemp, Dogbane Apocynum cannabinum FS PSh Y Indian Psychic, American Ipecac Gillenia stipulata FS PS Y Y Indigo, Cream False, Buffalo Pea Baptisia leucophaea FS PS Y Indigo, White False Baptisia lactea FS PSh Y Indigo, Wild Blue/False Baptisia australis FS PSh Y Y Indigo, Wild White Baptisia alba FS PSh Y Iris, Blue Flag Iris virginica FS PSh Y Iris, Blue-eyed Grass Sisyrinchium angustifolium FS Y Y Iris, Copper Iris fulva FS PSh Y Y Iris, Dwarf Crested Iris cristata FS PSh Y Ironweed Vernonia altissima FS PS Y Ironweed, Giant Vernonia gigantea FS PS Y Jack-in-the-Pulpit Arisaema triphyllum FSh PSsh Y Y Jacob's Ladder, Greek Valerian Polemonium reptans FS PSh Y Jersulem Artichoke, Sunflower A. Helianthus tuberosus FS Y Joe-Pye Weed Eupatorium purpureum FS PS Y Y Y Lady's Slipper, Kentucky Cypripedium kentuckiense FSh PSh Y Lady's Slipper, Large Yellow Cypripedium pubescens PSh Y Leaf Cup, Bearsfoot Polymnia uvedalia FS PS Y Lespedeza, Virginia Lespedeza virginica PS FSh Y Lily, Turkscap Lilium superbum FS PS Y Lizard Tail Saururus cernuus PSh Y Lobelia, Great Blue Lobelia siphilitica FS PSh Y Y Y Lobelia, Spiked Lobelia spicata FS PSh Y Y Lobelia, White Lobelia siphilitica, var. alba FS PSh Y Marigold, Marsh Caltha palustrus FS PS Y Mayapple Podophyllum peltatum FSh PSh Y Y Meadow Rue, Tall Thalictrum polygamum FS PSh Y Y Meehania, Meehan's Mint Meehania cordata FSh PSh Y Milkvetch Astragalus canadensis FS Y Milkweed, Butterfly, Pleurisy Root Asclepias tuberosa FS Y Y Y Milkweed, Common Asclepias syriaca FS PS Y Y Y Milkweed, Ozark, Green M., Spider M. Asclepias viridis FS PS Y Y Milkweed, Purple Asclepias purpurea FS PS Y Y Milkweed, Swamp, Marsh M. Asclepias incarnata FS PS Y Y Y Milkweed, Whorled Asclepias verticillata FS Y Y Mint, Downy Wood, Ohio Horsemint Blephilia ciliata FS PS Y Y Mint, Hairy Wood, Hairy Pagoda Blephilia hirsuta FSh PSh Y Mint, Short Tooth Mountain Pycnanthemum muticum FS PS Y Mint, Slender Mountain Pycnanthemum tenuifolium FS PSh Y Y Y Mistflower, Blue M. Eupatorium coelestinum FS PS Y Y Y Monkeyflower Mimulus alatus PSh FSh Y Y Y Nodding Wild Onion Allium cernuum FS PS Y Y

Page 66 Common Name Scientific Name S1 S2 SWC DSN SS Obedient Plant Physotegia virginiana FS PS Y Y Y Partridge Berry Mitchella repens FSh PSh Y Passionflower Vine, Maypop Passiflora incarnata FS PSh Y Y Petunia, Wild Ruellia strepens, R. humilis PSh Y Y Phacelia Phacelia bipinnafida FSh PSh Y Phlox, Carolina Phlox caroliniana FS PS Y Phlox, Creeping Moss Phlox subulata FS Y Phlox, Downy Phlox pilosa FS Y Phlox, Garden Phlox paniculata FS PSh Y Phlox, Meadow, Wild Sweet William Phlox maculata FS PSh Y Phlox, Smooth Phlox amoena FSh PSh Y Phlox, Wild Blue, Wild Sweet William Phlox divaricata FSj PSh Y Pickerel Rush, Pickeral Weed Pontederia cordata FS PS Y Plantain, Water Alisma subcordatum Fsh PSh Y Poppy Mallow Callirhoe papaver FS Y Poppy, Celandine Stylophorum diphyllum FSh PSh Y Prairie Clover, White, Dove White P.C. Dalea candidum FS Y Primrose, Large-flowered, Evening Oenothera grandiflora FS PS Y Primrose, Missouri Oenothera missouriense FS Y Y Primrose, Showy, Pink Ladies Oenothera speciosa FS Y Y Quinine, Wild, Feverfew Parthenium integrifolium FS PS Y Y Y Rattlesnake Master Eryngium yuccifolium FS PS Y Y Y Rose Mallow Hibiscus moscheutos FS Y Y Y Rosinweed Silphium integrifolium FS Y Y Rosinweed, Whorled Silphium trifoliatum FS Y Royal Catchfly Silene regia FS PS Y Y Y Rush, Winter Scouring Equisetum hyemale FS PS Y Sage, Blue Salvia azurea FS Y Sedum, Stonecrop Sedum ternatum PSh FS Y Senna, Wild Cassia marilandica FS PS Y Y Y Shooting Star Dodecatheon meadia FSh PSh Y Skullcap, Downy Skutellaria incana FS PSh Y Sneeze-weed, Autumn Helenium autumnale FS Y Y Y Sneeze-weed, Purple Headed Helenium nudiflorum, H flexuosum FS Y Solomon's Seal Polygonatum biflorum FSh PSh Y Solomon's Seal, False Maianthemum racemosa FSh PSh Y Southern Harebell, Appalachia Bellflower Campanula divaricata FS PS Y Spiderwort, Ohio Tradescantia ohiensis FS PSh Y Spiderwort, Virginia, V. Spiderlily Tradescantia virginiana FSh PSh Y Spurge, Flowering Euphorbia corollata FS Y Y Y Squirrel Corn, Turkey Corn Dicentra canadensis FSh PSh Y St. John's Wort, Goatweed Hypericum perferatum FS PS Y Strawberry, Wild Fragaria virginiana FS PS Y Y Sundrops Oenothera fruiticosa FS Y Sunflower, Downy, Ashy S. Helianthus mollis FS Y Sunflower, Giant, Toothleaved S. Helianthus giganteus FS Y Sunflower, Narrow-leaved S., Swamp S. Helanthus angustifolius FS PS Y Sunflower, Oxeye, False S. Heliopsis helianthoides FS Y Y Sunflower, Rough-leaved, Hairy S. Helianthus hirsutus FS PS Y Sunflower, Tickseed Bidens aristosa FS Y Sunflower, Western Helianthus occidentalis FS Y

Page 67 Common Name Scientific Name S1 S2 SWC DSN SS Susan, Brown-eyed Rudbeckia triloba FS PS Y Sweet Flag Acorus calamus FS Y Thimbleflower, Thimbleweed Anemone virginiana FS PS Y Y Y Tickseed, Wood Coreopsis major FS Y Trillium, Bent Trillium flexipes FSh PSh Y Trillium, Erect Red, Wake Robin Trillium erectum FSh PSh Y Trillium, Erect Yellow, Wood Lily Trillium erectum f. luteum FSh PSh Y Trillium, Large White Trillium grandiflorum FSh PSh Y Trillium, Prairie Trillium recurvatum FSj PSh Y Trillium, Toad Shade, Sweet Betsey Trillium cuneatum FSh Y Trillium, Yellow Trillium luteum FSh PSh Y Trumpet Vine, Trumpet Creeper Campsis radicans FS PS Y Turtlehead Chelone glabra FSh PSh Y Y Twinleaf Jeffersonia diphylla FSh PSh Y Vase Vine, Bluebill, Yellowflower Clematis virginica FS PS Y Verbena, Rose, Vervain Verbena canadensis FS PS Y Vervain, Blue Verbena hastata FS PS Y Y Violet, Birdfoot Viola pedata FS Y Violet, Blue, Johnny Jumpup Viola papilionacea FSh FS Y Violet, Canadian Viola candensis FSh FS Y Violet, Labrador Viola labradorica FS PSh Y Wild Pink Silene caroliniana FS PSh Y

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