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Труды Института Биологии Внутренних Вод Transactions of Papanin Institute for Biology of Inla ISSN 0320-3557 http://www.ibiw.ru 2019 Выпуск/Issue 85 (88) ТРУДЫ ИНСТИТУТА БИОЛОГИИ ВНУТРЕННИХ ВОД ИМЕНИ И.Д. ПАПАНИНА РОССИЙСКОЙ АКАДЕМИИ НАУК TRANSACTIONS OF PAPANIN INSTITUTE FOR BIOLOGY OF INLAND WATERS RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES МИНИСТЕРСТВО НАУКИ И ВЫСШЕГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ РОССИЙСКАЯ АКАДЕМИЯ НАУК ИНСТИТУТ БИОЛОГИИ ВНУТРЕННИХ ВОД ИМЕНИ И.Д. ПАПАНИНА РАН ТРУДЫ ИБВВ РАН ВЫПУСК 85(88) 2019 ЯНВАРЬ – МАРТ Выходит 4 раза в год п. Борок 2019 THE MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION THE RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES PAPANIN INSTITUTE FOR BIOLOGY OF INLAND WATERS RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES TRANSACTIONS OF IBIW RAS ISSUE 85(88) 2019 JANUARY – MARCH The Journal is published quarterly Borok 2019 УДК 574(28) ББК 28.081 Т78 Труды Института биологии внутренних вод им. И.Д. Папанина РАН. – Борок : Институт биологии внутренних вод – 2019. – Вып. 85(88). – 84 с. Е. В. Веницианов, Г. В. Аджиенко, K. I. Prokina, С. В. Быкова, В. С. Вишняков, И. А. Барышев, A. A. Prokin, A. S. Sazhnev, Ю. И. Соломатин, Ю. В. Герасимов, А. Е. Минин, В. В. Вандышева, М. И. Базаров, М. И. Малин, Д. П. Карабанов, Д. Д. Павлов В очередном номере журнала представлены статьи, посвященные разным сторонам исследований поверхностных вод. Проведен анализ современного состояния системы регулирования качества поверхностных вод России, обоснован переход к риск-ориентированному подходу в регулировании качества вод. Дана информация о видовом богатстве сифональных жёлто-зелёных водорослей рода Vaucheria Байкальского региона в пределах Иркутской области и Республики Бурятия, а также гетеротрофных жгутиконосцев Киргизии. Подробно рассмотрен видовой состав и количественные характеристики свободноживущих инфузорий глубоководной зоны водохранилищ Камского каскада, зообентоса водотоков бассейна реки Ковда (Республика Карелия и Мурманская область), впервые представлены сведения о структуре донных макробеспозвоночных двух малых водохранилищ Монголии. Проведен сравнительный анализ видового разнообразия и плотности рыбного населения русловой части Чебоксарского водохранилища в конце прошлого и начале нынешнего веков. Представленные материалы рассчитаны на гидробиологов и экологов, а также студентов биологических и экологических факультетов высших учебных заведений. Ответственный секретарь А. А. Сажнева Рецензенты: А. В. Крылов, д.б.н. (ИБВВ РАН) А. С. Сажнев, к.б.н. (ИБВВ РАН) Н. Г. Косолапова, к.б.н. (ИБВВ РАН) А. И. Азовский, к.б.н. (МГУ) Д. В. Козлов, д.т.н. (МГСУ) Редакционная коллегия Трудов ИБВВ РАН: C. А. Поддубный (гл. редактор), д.г.н., ИБВВ РАН, Борок, В. Т. Комов, д.б.н., проф., ИБВВ РАН, Борок, Россия Россия В. И. Лазарева, д.б.н., ИБВВ РАН, Борок, Россия А. В. Крылов (зам. гл. редактора), д.б.н., проф., ИБВВ РАН, Н. М. Минеева, д.б.н., ИБВВ РАН, Борок, Россия Борок, Россия Лам Нгуен Нгок, д.ф., проф., Институт океанографии, А. А. Бобров, к.б.н., ИБВВ РАН, Борок, Россия ВАНТ, Нячанг, Вьетнам Б. К. Габриелян, д.б.н., проф., НАН РА НЦ ЗГЭ, Ереван, А. А. Протасов, д.б.н., проф., ИГБ НАНУ, Киев, Украина Армения К. Робинсон, д.ф., EAWAG, Цюрих, Швейцария Ю.В. Герасимов, д.б.н., ИБВВ РАН, Борок, Россия В. П. Семенченко, д.б.н., чл.-кор. НПЦ НАН по биоресурсам, А. Н. Дзюбан, д.б.н., ИБВВ РАН, Борок, Россия Минск, Беларусь Хай Доан Нё, д.ф., Институт океанографии, ВАНТ, Нячанг, Вьетнам Печатается по решению Ученого совета ИБВВ РАН. Исследования проведены при финансовой поддержке государства в лице Минобрнауки России. Адрес редакции: 152742 пос. Борок, Ярославская обл., Некоузский р-н, Институт биологии внутренних вод РАН тел./факс (48547) 2-48-09; e-mail: [email protected] © Институт биологии внутренних вод РАН, 2019 Transactions of Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters RAS. – Borok : Institute for Biology of Inland Waters. – 2019. – Issue 85(88). – 84 p. E. V. Venitsianov, G. V. Ageenko, K. I. Prokina, S. V. Bykova, V. S. Vishnyakov, I. A. Baryshev, A. A. Prokin, A. S. Sazhnev, Iu. I. Solomatin, Iu. V. Gerasimov, A. E. Minin, V. V. Vandysheva, M. I. Bazarov, M. I. Malin, D. P. Karabanov, D. D. Pavlov The current issue of the journal contains articles on various aspects of surface water research. An analysis of the modern state of the system for regulating the quality of surface waters in Russia has been carried out, and the transition to a risk-oriented approach in regulating water quality has been substantiated. Data on the species richness of siphonous yellow-green algae of genus Vaucheria of the Baikal region within the Irkutsk Region and the Republic of Buryatia, as well as heterotrophic flagellates of Kyrgyzstan is given. The species composition and quantitative characteristics of free-living ciliates of the deepwater zone of the Kama cascade reservoirs, zoobenthos of River Kovda basin (Republic of Karelia and the Murmansk region) are considered in detail, information on the structure of bottom macroinvertebrates of two small reservoirs in Mongolia is presented for the first time. A comparative analysis of the species diversity and density of the fish population of the riverbed part of the Cheboksary reservoir at the end of the past and the beginning of this century has been carried out. The presented materials are intended for hydrobiologists and ecologists, as well as students of biological and ecological faculties of higher educational institutions. Coordinating Editor A. A. Sazhneva Reviewers: A.V. Krylov, Doctor of Biology (IBIW RAS) A.S. Sazhnev, Ph.D. (IBIW RAS) N. G. Kosolapova, Ph.D. (IBIW RAS) A.I. Azovskiy, Ph.D. (MSU) D.V. Kozlov, Doctor of Technical Sciences (MGSU) Editorial board of IBIW RAS Transactions: S. A. Poddubny (editor), D.r of geogr., IBIW RAS, Borok, Yu. V. Gerasimov, Dr. of biol., IBIW RAS, Borok, Russia Russia V. T. Komov, Dr. of biol., prof., IBIW RAS, Borok, Russia A. V. Krylov (deputy editor), Dr. of biol., prof., IBIW RAS, V. I. Lazareva, Dr. of biol., IBIW RAS, Borok, Russia Borok, Russia N. M. Mineeva, Dr. of biol., IBIW RAS, Borok, Russia A. A. Bobrov, PhD., IBIW RAS, Borok, Russia Lam Nguyen Ngoc, PhD., prof., Institute of Oceanography, Hai Doan Nhu, PhD., Institute of Oceanography, VAST, Nha VAST, Nha Trang, Vietnam Trang, Vietnam A. A. Protasov, Dr. of biol, prof., IHB NASU, Kiev, Ukraine A. N. Dzuban, Dr. of biol., IBIW RAS, Borok, Russia C. Robinson, PhD., EAWAG, Zurich, Switzerland B. K. Gabrielyan, Dr. of biol., prof., SC ZHE NAS RA, Yerevan, V. P. Semenchenko, Dr. of biol., corr. member NASB, Minsk, Armenia Belarus Published by the decision of IBIW RAS Academic council. The research was carried out with the financial support of the state in the person of the Ministry of education and science of the Russian Federation. Editorial address: 152742. Borok, Yaroslavl region, Nekouz district, Institute for Biology of Inland Waters, RAS tel./fax (48547) 2-48-09; e-mail: [email protected] © Institute for Biology of Inland Waters RAS, 2019 СОДЕРЖАНИЕ Е. В. Веницианов, Г. В. Аджиенко СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ КАЧЕСТВОМ ПОВЕРХНОСТНЫХ ВОД .. 7 K. I. Prokina FREE-LIVING HETEROTROPHIC FLAGELLATES FROM FRESHWATERS OF KYRGYZSTAN …………………………………………………………………………………... 17 С. В. Быкова СВОБОДНОЖИВУЩИЕ ИНФУЗОРИИ ГЛУБОКОВОДНОЙ ЧАСТИ КАМСКИХ ВОДОХРАНИЛИЩ …………………………...……………………...……………………………. 23 В. С. Вишняков МЕСТОНАХОЖДЕНИЯ ВОШЕРИЙ (VAUCHERIA, XANTHOPHYCEAE) В ИРКУТСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ И РЕСПУБЛИКЕ БУРЯТИЯ ……………………………….…………………..….. 44 И. А. Барышев ЗООБЕНТОС ВОДОТОКОВ БАССЕЙНА РЕКИ КОВДА (СОСТАВ, ОБИЛИЕ, ОЦЕНКА РАЗНООБРАЗИЯ И САПРОБНОСТИ) ....…………………………………………………..….. 59 A. A. Prokin, A. S. Sazhnev FIRST DATA ON MACROZOOBENTHOS OF THE ORKHON AND IDER RESERVOIRS (MONGOLIA) ...…………………………………………………………………………..….....… 69 Ю. И. Соломатин, Ю. В. Герасимов, А. Е. Минин, В. В. Вандышева, М. И. Базаров, М. И. Малин, Д. П. Карабанов, Д. Д. Павлов РЫБНОЕ НАСЕЛЕНИЕ РУСЛОВОЙ ЧАСТИ ЧЕБОКСАРСКОГО ВОДОХРАНИЛИЩА: ПЛОТНОСТЬ И ВИДОВОЕ РАЗНООБРАЗИЕ В 1980 И 2010-Е ГОДЫ ….…………...….... 77 CONTENTS E. V. Venitsianov, G. V. Ageenko MODERN PROBLEMS OF QUALITY MANAGEMENT SURFACE WATER ……….....……... 7 K. I. Prokina FREE-LIVING HETEROTROPHIC FLAGELLATES FROM FRESHWATERS OF KYRGYZSTAN …………………………………………………………………………………... 17 S. V. Bykova FREE-LIVING CILIATES IN THE DEEP-WATER PART OF THE KAMA RIVER RESERVOIRS …………………………………………………………………………………….. 23 V. S. Vishnyakov THE LOCALITIES OF VAUCHERIA (XANTHOPHYCEAE) IN IRKUTSK REGION AND REPUBLIC OF BURYATIA …………………………………………...……………………….... 44 I. A. Baryshev ZOOBENTHOS OF WATERCOURSES OF THE KOVDA RIVER BASIN (COMPOSITION, ABUNDANCE, DIVERSITY AND SAPROBITY) ........................................................................ 59 A. A. Prokin, A. S. Sazhnev FIRST DATA ON MACROZOOBENTHOS OF THE ORKHON AND IDER RESERVOIRS (MONGOLIA) ...…………………………………………………………………………..….....… 69 Iu. I. Solomatin, Iu. V. Gerasimov, A. E. Minin, V. V. Vandysheva, M. I. Bazarov, M. I. Malin, D. P. Karabanov, D. D. Pavlov FISHES OF THE CHANNEL PART OF THE CHEBOKSARY WATER RESERVOIR: DENSITY AND SPECIES DIVERSITY IN 1980’s AND 2010’s ................................................................... 77 Труды ИБВВ РАН, вып. 85(88), 2019 Transactions of IBIW, issue 85(88), 2019 УДК 502.14 СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ КАЧЕСТВОМ ПОВЕРХНОСТНЫХ ВОД Е. В. Веницианов, Г. В. Аджиенко Институт водных проблем РАН, 119333 Москва, ул. Губкина, 3, e-mail: [email protected] Представлен анализ современного состояния системы регулирования качества поверхностных вод России. Обозначены основные проблемы управления качеством: оторванность экономического механиз- ма управления качеством от его реальных потребностей, устаревшая
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