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United States V. Director Alabama Personnel Department
317 F.Supp. 1079 (1970) UNITED STATES of America by John N. MITCHELL, Attorney General, Plaintiff, v. John S. FRAZER, as Director, Alabama Personnel Department, Tom J. Ventress, as Chairman, State Personnel Board, James A. Simpson, as a Member, State Personnel Board, Ralph W. Adams, as a Member, State Personnel Board, Frank House, as Commissioner and Director, Alabama Department of Pensions and Security, Robert G. Kendall, Jr., as Director, Alabama Department of Industrial Relations, Ira L. Myers, as State Health Officer and Director, Alabama Department of Public Health, Ernest Stone, as Superintendent and Director, Alabama Department of Education, Stonewall B. Stickney, as State Mental Health Officer and Director, Alabama Department of Mental Health, and J. Frank Manderson, as Director, Alabama Department of Civil Defense, Defendants. Civ. A. No. 2709-N. United States District Court, M. D. Alabama, N. D. July 28, 1970. 10801081 *1080 *1081 Jerris Leonard, Asst. Atty. Gen., U. S. Dept. of Justice, David L. Rose, Harold Himmelman and Andrew J. Ruzicho, Attys., U. S. Dept. of Justice, Washington, D. C., and Ira DeMent, U. S. Atty., Montgomery, Ala., for plaintiff. MacDonald Gallion, Atty. Gen. of Alabama, Gordon Madison, Mary Lee Stapp, William N. McQueen, Bernard F. Sykes and Jamie L. Pettigrew, Asst. Attys. Gen., J. Eugene Foster, Gen. Counsel, Dept. of Industrial Relations, Thomas W. Thagard, Jr., Sp. Asst. Atty. Gen., of Smith, Bowman, Thagard, Crook and Culpepper, Montgomery, Ala., James A. Simpson, of Lange, Simpson, Robinson & Somerville, -
People First of Alabama V. Merrill
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE NORTHERN DISTRICT OF ALABAMA PEOPLE FIRST OF ALABAMA, ROBERT CLOPTON, ERIC PEEBLES, HOWARD PORTER, JR., ANNIE CAROLYN THOMPSON, GREATER BIRMINGHAM MINISTRIES, and the ALABAMA STATE Case No.: __________________ CONFERENCE OF THE NAACP, COMPLAINT FOR INJUNCTIVE Plaintiffs, AND DECLARATORY RELIEF v. JOHN MERRILL, in his official capacity as the Secretary of State of Alabama, KAY IVEY, in her official capacity as the Governor of the State of Alabama, the STATE OF ALABAMA, ALLEEN BARNETT, in her official capacity as Absentee Election Manager of Mobile County, Alabama; JACQUELINE ANDERSON-SMITH, in her official capacity as Circuit Clerk of Jefferson County, Alabama; KAREN DUNN BURKS, in her official capacity as Deputy Circuit Clerk of the Bessemer Division of Jefferson County, Alabama; and MARY B. ROBERSON, in her official capacity as Circuit Clerk of Lee County, Alabama, Defendants. INTRODUCTION 1. Plaintiffs People First of Alabama, Robert Clopton, Eric Peebles, Howard Porter, Jr., Annie Carolyn Thompson, Greater Birmingham Ministries, and the Alabama State Conference of the NAACP, file this Complaint for immediate injunctive and declaratory relief against the Defendants Secretary of State John Merrill, Governor Kay Ivey, the State of Alabama, Mobile County Absentee Election Manager Alleen Barnett, Jefferson County Circuit Clerk Jacqueline Anderson-Smith, Deputy Circuit Clerk of the Bessemer Division of Jefferson County Karen Dunn Burks, and Lee County Circuit Clerk Mary B. Roberson for failing to take adequate steps to protect the fundamental right to vote ahead of the 2020 elections, including the July 14, 2020 primary runoff election, in the midst of the unprecedented national and statewide COVID-19 public health crisis. -
Al-Bethel-Baptist-Church.Pdf
NATIONAL HISTORIC LANDMARK NOMINATION NPS Form 10-900 USDI/NPS NRHP Registration Form (Rev. 8-86) OMB No. 1024-0018 BETHEL BAPTIST CHURCH, PARSONAGE AND GUARDHOUSE Page 1 United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Registration Form 1. NAME OF PROPERTY Historic Name: Bethel Baptist Church, Parsonage, and Guardhouse Other Name/Site Number: Revis House (Guardhouse) 2. LOCATION Street & Number: 3233, 3232, and 3236 29th Avenue North Not for publication: City/Town: Collegeville State: AL County: Jefferson Code: 073 Zip Code: 35207 3. CLASSIFICATION Ownership of Property Category of Property Private: X Building(s): X Public-Local: ___ District: ___ Public-State: ___ Site: ___ Public-Federal:___ Structure: ___ Object: ___ Number of Resources within Property Contributing Noncontributing 3 buildings sites structures objects 3 Total Number of Contributing Resources Previously Listed in the National Register: N/A Name of Related Multiple Property Listing: NPS Form 10-900 USDI/NPS NRHP Registration Form (Rev. 8-86) OMB No. 1024-0018 BETHEL BAPTIST CHURCH, PARSONAGE, AND GUARDHOUSE Page 2 United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Registration Form 4. STATE/FEDERAL AGENCY CERTIFICATION As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended, I hereby certify that this ____ nomination ____ request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the National Register of Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60. In my opinion, the property ____ meets ____ does not meet the National Register Criteria. -
COMPLAINT for INJUNCTIVE Plaintiffs, and DECLARATORY RELIEF
Case 2:20-cv-00619-AKK Document 1 Filed 05/01/20 Page 1 of 55 FILED 2020 May-01 PM 04:08 U.S. DISTRICT COURT N.D. OF ALABAMA UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE NORTHERN DISTRICT OF ALABAMA PEOPLE FIRST OF ALABAMA, ROBERT CLOPTON, ERIC PEEBLES, HOWARD PORTER, JR., ANNIE CAROLYN THOMPSON, GREATER BIRMINGHAM MINISTRIES, and the ALABAMA STATE Case No.: __________________ CONFERENCE OF THE NAACP, COMPLAINT FOR INJUNCTIVE Plaintiffs, AND DECLARATORY RELIEF v. JOHN MERRILL, in his official capacity as the Secretary of State of Alabama, KAY IVEY, in her official capacity as the Governor of the State of Alabama, the STATE OF ALABAMA, ALLEEN BARNETT, in her official capacity as Absentee Election Manager of Mobile County, Alabama; JACQUELINE ANDERSON-SMITH, in her official capacity as Circuit Clerk of Jefferson County, Alabama; KAREN DUNN BURKS, in her official capacity as Deputy Circuit Clerk of the Bessemer Division of Jefferson County, Alabama; and MARY B. ROBERSON, in her official capacity as Circuit Clerk of Lee County, Alabama, Defendants. INTRODUCTION 1. Plaintiffs People First of Alabama, Robert Clopton, Eric Peebles, Howard Porter, Jr., Annie Carolyn Thompson, Greater Birmingham Ministries, and the Alabama State Conference of the NAACP, file this Complaint for immediate injunctive and declaratory relief against the Defendants Secretary of State John Merrill, Governor Kay Ivey, the State of Alabama, Mobile Case 2:20-cv-00619-AKK Document 1 Filed 05/01/20 Page 2 of 55 County Absentee Election Manager Alleen Barnett, Jefferson County Circuit Clerk Jacqueline Anderson-Smith, Deputy Circuit Clerk of the Bessemer Division of Jefferson County Karen Dunn Burks, and Lee County Circuit Clerk Mary B. -
AMENDED COMPLAINT BUILDING INSTITUTE, TERESA for INJUNCTIVE and BETTIS, SHERYL THREADGILL- DECLARATORY RELIEF MATTHEWS, and GREGORY BENTLEY
Case 2:20-cv-00619-AKK Document 75 Filed 07/06/20 Page 1 of 81 FILED 2020 Jul-06 PM 08:04 U.S. DISTRICT COURT N.D. OF ALABAMA UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE NORTHERN DISTRICT OF ALABAMA SOUTHERN DIVISION PEOPLE FIRST OF ALABAMA, ROBERT CLOPTON, ERIC PEEBLES, HOWARD PORTER, JR., ANNIE CAROLYN THOMPSON, GREATER BIRMINGHAM MINISTRIES, ALABAMA STATE Case No.: 2:20-cv-00619-AKK CONFERENCE OF THE NAACP, BLACK VOTERS MATTER CAPACITY FIRST AMENDED COMPLAINT BUILDING INSTITUTE, TERESA FOR INJUNCTIVE AND BETTIS, SHERYL THREADGILL- DECLARATORY RELIEF MATTHEWS, and GREGORY BENTLEY, Plaintiffs, v. JOHN MERRILL, in his official capacity as the Secretary of State of Alabama, STATE OF ALABAMA, JOJO SCHWARZAUER; JACQUELINE ANDERSON-SMITH; KAREN DUNN BURKS; MARY B. ROBERSON; JAMES MAJORS; GINA JOBE ISHMAN; DEBRA KIZER; RUBY JONES THOMAS, JOHNNIE MAE KING; CAROLYN DAVIS-POSEY; SHERRI FRIDAY; JAMES NAFTEL II; DON DAVIS; BILL ENGLISH; LASHANDRA MYRICK; FRANK BARGER; J.C. LOVE, III; and BRITNEY JONES-ALEXANDER, all in their official capacities as the absentee election managers, circuit clerks, or probate judges for Jefferson, Lee, Lowndes, Madison, Mobile, Montgomery, and Wilcox Counties. Defendants. Case 2:20-cv-00619-AKK Document 75 Filed 07/06/20 Page 2 of 81 INTRODUCTION 1. Plaintiffs People First of Alabama, Robert Clopton, Eric Peebles, Howard Porter, Jr., Annie Carolyn Thompson, Greater Birmingham Ministries, the Alabama State Conference of the NAACP, Black Voters Matter Capacity Building Institute, Teresa Bettis, Sheryl Threadgill- Matthews, and Gregory Bentley (collectively, “Plaintiffs”) file this First Amended Complaint for injunctive and declaratory relief against the Defendants Secretary of State John Merrill, the State of Alabama, and JoJo Schwarzauer, Jacqueline Anderson-Smith, Karen Dunn Burks, Mary B. -
Sumter County, Alabama and the Origins of the Voting Rights Act Brian K
University of the Pacific Scholarly Commons McGeorge School of Law Scholarly Articles McGeorge School of Law Faculty Scholarship 2003 Sumter County, Alabama and the Origins of the Voting Rights Act Brian K. Landsberg University of Pacific, McGeorge School of Law, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/facultyarticles Part of the Civil Rights and Discrimination Commons, and the Election Law Commons Recommended Citation Brian K. Landsberg, Sumter County, Alabama and the Origins of the Voting Rights Act, 54 Ala. L. Rev. 877, 878 (2003). This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the McGeorge School of Law Faculty Scholarship at Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in McGeorge School of Law Scholarly Articles by an authorized administrator of Scholarly Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. SUMTER COUNTY, ALABAMA AND THE ORIGINS OF THE VOTING RIGHTS ACT Brian K. Landsberg* I been in de war so long, I ain't got tired yit, I been in de war so long, I ain't got tired yit, Well, my head been wet wid de midnight dew, The 'fo' -day star was a witness, too, I been in de war so long en I ain't got tired yit. 1 -African-American of Sumter County I. SUMTER COUNTY ................................................................................... 884 II. VOTER REGISTRATION IN ALABAMA .................................................... 891 III. THE CIVIL RIGHTS DIVISION .............................................................. -
Freedom Riders: 1961 and the Struggle for Racial Justice
Freedom Riders: 1961 and the Struggle for Racial Justice RAYMOND ARSENAULT OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS FREEDOM RIDERS ALSO BY RAYMOND ARSENAULT The Wild Ass of the Ozarks: Jeff Davis and the Social Bases of Southern Politics St. Petersburg and the Florida Dream, 1888–1950 Crucible of Liberty: 200 Years of the Bill of Rights (Editor) The Changing South of Gene Patterson: Journalism and Civil Rights, 1960–1968 (Coeditor with Roy Peter Clark) Paradise Lost? The Environmental History of Florida (Coeditor with Jack E. Davis) PIVOTAL MOMENTS IN AMERICAN HISTORY Series Editors David Hackett Fischer James M. McPherson James T. Patterson Brown v. Board of Education: A Civil Rights Milestone and Its Troubled Legacy Maury Klein Rainbow’s End: The Crash of 1929 James McPherson Crossroads of Freedom: The Battle of Antietam Glenn C. Altschuler All Shook Up: How Rock ’n’ Roll Changed America David Hackett Fischer Washington’s Crossing John Ferling Adams vs. Jefferson: The Tumultuous Election of 1800 Joel H. Silbey Storm over Texas: The Annexation Controversy and the Road to Civil War This page intentionally left blank FREEDOM RIDERS 1961 and the Struggle for Racial Justice RAYMOND ARSENAULT 2006 Oxford University Press, Inc., publishes works that further Oxford University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education. Oxford New York Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi New Delhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto With offices in Argentina Austria Brazil Chile Czech Republic France Greece Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portugal Singapore South Korea Switzerland Thailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam Copyright © 2006 by Raymond Arsenault Published by Oxford University Press, Inc. -
House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC); Its Counterpart in the U.S
· House on-American I CiiVilies commillee: Bulwark of Segregation By ANNE BRADEN o- House on-American ICiiVilieS commillee: Bulwark ot Segregation cHAPTER 1: The Cry of "Red!" CHAPTER 11 : The Sources of the Poison cHAPTER 111 : The Committees and the Racists CHAPTER IV : The Record of Attack CHAPTER v: The Brave Will Be Free About ANNE BRADEN: Author "The Wall Between," Editor "The Southern Patriot"- Southern Conference Educational Fund, Inc. We are living through the most crucial moment of our history, the moment which will result in a new life for us, or a new death. When I say new life, I mean a new vision of America, a vision which will allow us to face, and begin to change, the facts of American life; and when I say death, I mean Carthage. This seems a grim view to take of our situation, but it is scarcely grim mer than the facts. Our honesty and our courage in facing these facts is all that can save us from disaster. And one of these facts is that there has always been a segment of American life, and a powerful segment, too, which equated virtue with mindlessness. In this connection, the House Un-American Activities Com mittee is one of the most sinister facts of our national life. It is not merely that we do not need this committee; the truth is we can not afford it. James Baldwin •• Reprinted with permission from A Quarter-Century of Un-Americana (Marzani & Munsell, N.Y. City, 1963) CHAPTER 1: Btrbloci;sa n...wuhlnlt<mf'GA ..Ask the Un·Amtrican Activities Committee to investi gate The Cry of ~~Red!" = - what this strange flag is doing down h'er e." Why does the battle for integration continue to lag so far behind the needs of the moment? Why are the Birmingham bombers, the slayers of William Moore, the wielders of cattle prods not brought to justice? Why, with Negro demands at a peak and so many white Americans in support, does segregation remain built into our social structure? Social change requires people- thousands of people, people in motion, not just on a national level but in every hamlet across the land. -
Birmingham Bombshell Did Gary Thomas Rowe Bomb and Kill for the F.B.L?
NATIONAL NEWS Birmingham Bombshell Did Gary Thomas Rowe Bomb and Kill for the F.B.L? DECLAN MAUR -SLACK STAR BY PETER BISKLND he probably knew in advance that the bombing had been planned and failed to Sunday, September 15, 1963 in Bir- report it to the Bureau. He may even have mingham, Alabama was mild and pleas- accompanied Robert Chambliss in the car ant. The sky was partly overcast. The that delivered the bomb. Sixteenth Street Baptist Church, which The polygraph tests indicated that had been the staging area for the massive Rowe was "attempting deception" when Black demonstrations that rocked Bir- he denied setting off shrapnel bombs in mingham during the spring, had once Black neighborhoods subsequent to the again become a house of worship. This church bombing. According to The New Sunday was Youth Day. The church was York Times, the investigators suggested full of children. Although the atmosphere that Rowe, paid for information by the in Birmingham was tense—the public F.B.I. on a piece-work basis, may have school system had just embarked on an provoked Klan violence to earn more uncertain course of court-ordered de- money. segregation—many hoped the worst was Rowe also confessed to startled state over. White community leaders had final- investigators that in the confused after- ly realized that Birmingham's ferocious math of the bombing, he shot and killed a race war was bad for business. They had Black man who was allegedly beating up a ended weeks of Black sit-ins and marches white woman. -
If Selma Were Heaven: Economic Transformation and Black Freedom Struggles in the Alabama Black Belt, 1901 – 2000
If Selma Were Heaven: Economic Transformation and Black Freedom Struggles in the Alabama Black Belt, 1901 – 2000 by Karlyn Denae Forner Department of History Duke University Date:_______________________ Approved: ___________________________ William Chafe, Supervisor ___________________________ Timothy Tyson ___________________________ Karin Shapiro ___________________________ Adriane Lentz-Smith Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of History in the Graduate School of Duke University 2014 i v ABSTRACT If Selma Were Heaven: Economic Transformation and Black Freedom Struggles in the Alabama Black Belt, 1901 – 2000 by Karlyn Denae Forner Department of History Duke University Date:_______________________ Approved: ___________________________ William Chafe, Supervisor ___________________________ Timothy Tyson ___________________________ Karin Shapiro ___________________________ Adriane Lentz-Smith An abstract of a dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of History in the Graduate School of Duke University 2014 i v Copyright by Karlyn Denae Forner 2014 Abstract In Selma, Alabama in 1965, local African Americans partnered with civil rights organizations to stage a movement for voting rights. The beating of peaceful black marchers by white state troopers on the Edmund Pettus Bridge that March catapulted the city and black demands for the ballot into the national spotlight. When the Voting Rights Act of 1965 was passed five months later, it cemented Selma as a symbol of voting rights. Since then, Selma has become a triumphal moment in the grand narrative of American democracy and citizenship. However, the years after the voting rights movement failed to bring economic opportunities and justice for black citizens in Selma. -
From Pre-Civil War to Post-Civil Rights: the Political Lives of African-Americans from Slavery to the 21St Century in Perry County, Alabama
From Pre-Civil War to Post-Civil Rights: The Political Lives of African-Americans from Slavery to the 21st Century in Perry County, Alabama by Valerie Pope Burnes A dissertation submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Auburn University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Auburn, Alabama December 8, 2012 Keywords: Voting Rights; Civil Rights; Perry County, Alabama; Race; African American Copyright 2012 by Valerie Pope Burnes Approved by David C. Carter, Chair, Associate Professor of History Reagan L. Grimsley, Assistant Professor of History Charles A. Israel, Associate Professor of History Abstract African Americans have played a major role in the history of Perry County almost since the first white settlers arrived in the area with their black enslaved laborers. In a county known for its pre-Civil War cotton wealth, enslaved blacks plowed the fields and built the houses that made all of that wealth possible. In 1865, they were freed when Union soldiers moved through the county on their way to the Confederate arsenal in Selma. The freed men and women worked to establish their identity in a white governing society that wanted interaction on their own terms. Through the establishment of their own churches, schools, and businesses, blacks maneuvered within a segregated society that allowed them to learn at the Lincoln School but offered them no employment opportunities to use their education other than menial labor. Exactly 100 years after gaining their freedom, the African-American community in Perry County, in conjunction with the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, marched on the county courthouse and lined up at the voter registration office to demand change. -
Your Name Here
YAPPING DOGS: JOE T. PATTERSON AND THE LIMITS OF MASSIVE RESISTANCE by ROBERT E. LUCKETT, JR. (Under the Direction of Robert A. Pratt) ABSTRACT This dissertation focuses on Joe T. Patterson, Attorney General of the State of Mississippi from 1956 until his death in office in 1969. As a prominent white politician in the Deep South, he was an outspoken segregationist. At the same time, he was a “man of the law.” As Attorney General, Patterson defended the legal implementations of Jim Crow in the state, but he also had to enforce federal law, as interpreted by the Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals and the Supreme Court. Those interpretations undermined segregation and black disfranchisement during Patterson’s four terms in office, which forced him to both defend and attack the foundations of Jim Crow. For his efforts, Patterson reaped criticism from each side of the civil rights movement. To the most adamant racists like Mississippi’s Governor, Ross Barnett, he was a traitor—a “Kennedy liberal” and the man responsible for James Meredith’s successful integration of the University of Mississippi. In fact, Patterson opposed Meredith’s admission with the full force of his office, but, once all legal barriers had been removed, he played a key, albeit unwanted, role in getting Meredith safely to Oxford. For those sympathetic to the civil rights movement, Patterson was a daunting foe. His ability to claim Barnett as a political enemy and his law-and-order record allowed him leeway in the eyes of the national media and the federal government, which made his brand of segregation quite effective.