Thames Tideway Tunnel Energy and Carbon Footprint Report
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Thames Tideway Tunnel Thames Water Utilities Limited Application for Development Consent Application Reference Number: WWO10001 Energy and Carbon Footprint Report Doc Ref: 7.08 APFP Regulations 2009: Regulation 5(2)(q) Sustainability Statement Energy and Carbon Footprint Report Hard copy available in Box 48 Folder B January 2013 This page is intentionally blank Thames Tideway Tunnel Energy and Carbon Footprint Report Errata Section Paragraph No. Page Errata / Clarification No. Section 3.5 Incorrect reference to Section 6.2. Project design Text should read “Preliminary work evolution and 3.5.1 14 on the project carbon footprint was carbon footprint undertaken in 2009 and was based on three route options (see Section 5.3).” Section 4.5 Incorrect reference to Section 8.1. Alternative Text should read “All Road’ scenarios scenario where 100% of the excavated and construction materials are transported by road; 4.5.1 (i) 20 and a ‘Preferred’ scenario’, that which is proposed for the project, where river transport is used at 11 worksites. This is as set out in the Transport Strategy which accompanies the application (see Section 7).” Section 4.5 Incorrect reference to Section 10.4 Alternative Text should read “UK grid scenarios projections: in order to illustrate the impact that decarbonisation of the grid has on the overall carbon footprint of the project, an alternate 4.5.1 (ii) 20 non-decarbonised model of each scenario has been quantified. This was calculated by assuming the 2012 UK electricity emission factor for the entire 120 year operational phase of the project (see Appendix A).” Errata This page is intentionally blank Thames Tideway Tunnel Energy and Carbon Footprint Report List of contents Page number Abbreviations ........................................................................................................... iv Glossary .................................................................................................................... v Executive Summary ................................................................................................. 1 1 Introduction ...................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Project overview ...................................................................................... 1 1.2 The applicant ........................................................................................... 3 1.3 The application documents ...................................................................... 3 1.4 Purpose of this document ........................................................................ 4 1.5 Structure of this document ....................................................................... 4 2 Energy policy and wider context .................................................................... 5 2.1 Energy Statement requirements .............................................................. 5 2.2 Defining carbon ....................................................................................... 7 2.3 UK grid decarbonisation .......................................................................... 8 2.4 Other project objectives and targets ........................................................ 9 3 The energy and carbon footprint assessment ............................................. 11 3.1 Purpose of the energy and carbon footprint assessment ...................... 11 3.2 Energy and carbon requirements .......................................................... 12 3.3 Scope of the assessment ...................................................................... 12 3.4 Key assumptions ................................................................................... 13 3.5 Project design evolution and carbon footprint ........................................ 14 4 Methodology ................................................................................................... 17 4.1 Standards .............................................................................................. 17 4.2 Project Boundary ................................................................................... 17 4.3 Emissions sources ................................................................................. 18 4.4 Data requirements ................................................................................. 19 4.5 Alternative scenarios ............................................................................. 20 4.6 Data analysis ......................................................................................... 20 5 Assessment results – overall project ........................................................... 21 5.1 Introduction ............................................................................................ 21 5.2 Overview ................................................................................................ 21 Energy and Carbon Footprint i Report 5.3 Comparison against alternative tunnel alignments ................................ 24 6 Assessment results - materials .................................................................... 27 6.1 Introduction ............................................................................................ 27 6.2 Analysis ................................................................................................. 27 6.3 Exclusions & justifications ...................................................................... 32 6.4 Carbon mitigation .................................................................................. 33 7 Assessment results - logistics ...................................................................... 35 7.1 Introduction ............................................................................................ 35 7.2 Analysis ................................................................................................. 35 7.3 Exclusions and justifications .................................................................. 36 7.4 Carbon mitigation .................................................................................. 37 8 Assessment results – worksite construction activities .............................. 39 8.1 Introduction ............................................................................................ 39 8.2 Analysis ................................................................................................. 39 8.3 Exclusions and justifications .................................................................. 41 8.4 Carbon mitigation .................................................................................. 41 9 Assessment results - operational phase ..................................................... 43 9.1 Introduction ............................................................................................ 43 9.2 Analysis ................................................................................................. 43 9.3 Detailed Scope, exclusions and justifications ........................................ 45 9.4 Carbon mitigation .................................................................................. 49 9.5 Grid decarbonisation during operational phase ..................................... 50 10 Measures to reduce GHG emissions ............................................................ 53 10.1 Overview ................................................................................................ 53 10.2 Incorporated measures .......................................................................... 53 10.3 Opportunities at detailed design stage .................................................. 54 11 Conclusions .................................................................................................... 57 Appendix A : UK decarbonisation projections .................................................... 59 Appendix B : Carbon footprint assessment (carbon model output) ................. 61 Appendix C : Materials and logistics breakdown ................................................ 65 Appendix D : Construction energy and GHG breakdown ................................... 67 Appendix E : Operational energy model details .................................................. 69 Appendix F : Operational energy model ............................................................... 73 Appendix G : Renewables screening .................................................................... 75 Appendix H : Documents accompanying the application ................................... 79 References .............................................................................................................. 80 Energy and Carbon Footprint ii Report List of plates Page number Plate 5.3.1 – Alternative tunnel alignments presented at Phase One consultation ... 25 Plates 8.2.1 – Percentage of kWh Attributable to TBM Activity ................................ 39 Plate 9.4.1 – UPS Annual Demand (kWh) ................................................................ 50 List of tables Page number Table 5.2.1 – All Road Scenario (Decarbonised) ...................................................... 21 Table 5.2.2 – Preferred Scenario (Decarbonised, with Barge) ................................. 21 Table 5.2.3 – All Road (Decarbonised) Baseline - Summary of GHG emissions ...... 22 Table 5.3.1 – Alternative tunnel alignments and GHG emissions ............................. 26 Table 6.2.1 – Materials GHG breakdown by site .....................................................