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Home , Bransholme, East Riding of Yorkshire, Kingston upon Hull, Meaux Abbey, Portsmouth, River Hull

Appendix 15a: CWRF background pack for field workers (Living with Water) PARTNERSHIP DEVELOPMENT OF THE GLOBAL CITY WATER RESILIENCE FRAMEWORK

FIELDWORK - JUNE 2018

1 THE NEED TO ADDRESS WATER CHALLENGES IS GREATER THAN EVER, BUT SO IS THE OPPORTUNITY TO REDISCOVER THE POSITIVE ROLE OF WATER: ITS POTENTIAL TO SHAPE A SUCCESSFUL, RESILIENT AND SUSTAINABLE CITY.

The Living with Water Partnership

Hull City Council East of Council Environment Agency

2 Kingston upon Hull - City Water Resilience Framework

UK Ports

HULL IN

Hull CONTEXT Kingston Upon Hull - normally Avonmouth Hull Catchment

abbreviated to Hull - is a port city of & 260,000 people located on the north bank of the Estuary in the East Riding heart of the . of Yorkshire HULL Founded on reclaimed tidal marsh, the of Hull has always been shaped by water, both as an opportunity and as a threat (see Page 4). Now Humber Estuary the city faces significant resilience challenges, not least due to its low-lying coastal location, with more homes at risk than any other UK City apart from London. Despite signs of renewal, Hull remains one of the most deprived areas in the UK, with low health outcomes and high Global Knowledge unemployment. Communities here are amongst Exchange the most vulnerable to climate risks in the UK. Hull is already twinned with , The city’s economy grew around farming, Sierra Leone which , and freight, then chemicals, Miami Amman faces similar water- resilience challenges. pharmaceuticals and communications. It Extending this global prospered to become a major port, which now Mexico CIty knowledge exchange supports 23,000 jobs. Despite its relatively small to learn from 100RC cities network facing population the city plays a key role in the UK similar challenges will economy. The Humber is the largest trading Freetown, be an important part Sierra Leone estuary in the UK (by tonnage) and the fourth of working on the Twinned with Hull CWRF project. largest in northern Europe. It is emerging as a world-leading centre for renewables. Hull and the East Riding has recently attracted major ROUND ONE CITIES Cape Town

investment in offshore wind energy. With a ROUND100RC TWO CITIESCITIES University of 16,000 students and as host for ROUNDROUND THREE ONE CITIES CITIES UK City of Culture 2017, the City is building a % % ROUND TWO CITIES reputation for innovation, creativity and openness ROUND THREE CITIES £11.6bn 14 90 to change. Now Hull is embracing climate Economic potential from UK International UK NHS medical adaptation and water-resilience as an opportunity Other 100RC partner cities to shape a successful and sustainable future. participating in the CWRF Humber renewables & trade handled by supplies come pilot phase ports growth to 2025 Humber ports from Hull 3 Kingston upon Hull - City Water Resilience Framework

HULL’S WATER STORY

The way in which water has shaped Hull’s cultural identity and economic development has shifted over time depending on available technology and different responses to water- related opportunities and threats. Some of the key events in its history are outlined below.

First port was built by First flood banks John Smeaton Ports continue to thrive with Strengthening of EA flood defences, and Partners commence a major flood risk investment Meaux monks to and sluices on advices on major new Alexandra Dock and constructing the Tidal Barrier programme and collaborate on an Integrated export River Hull new land drainage new Hull and Railway and West & East Hull pumping stations Catchment Model to inform future water-resilience

Tidal marshland is drained for River made Formation Poor Laws and investigation The University of Yorkshire Water construct The Pitt Review and Coulthard The Living with Water settlement and to create high navigable to of the Dock of cholera epidemics lead to Hull is founded major new wastewater tunnel Review of Flooding in Hull Partnership and shared quality agricultural land Company the 1848 Public Health Act in 1923 and treatment works recommend transformative change vision is established TOWARDS A WATER RESILIENT Hull 1193 1200 1800 1945 2000 2017 CITY

City of Hull given City flourishes through highly Hull’s WWII bombings and Economic decline The devastating 2007 Hull and the Humber attract Hull delivers ambitious UK Royal Charter by productive agriculture, whaling drives through the Abercrombie post-war following and floods impact 20,000 major investment in ports City of Culture programme Edward I and then, later on, fishing Slavery Abolition Act Reconstruction Plan loss of fishing industry people and 91 schools and and legacy plans

Modifying a natural Domination and control Supporting intensive Responding to A robust, long-term Water water landscape of the natural world urban development environmental change water strategy

Water at the heart of Water increasingly Water ‘out of sight, Water as a threat and a Water at the heart of a Culture every day life distant from public life out of mind’ catalyst for change new shared vision

4 Kingston upon Hull - City Water Resilience Framework

HULL CITY Infrastructure and Environment Economy and Society RESILIENCE • Environment and climate change • Wages 10% lower than the regional – balancing complex development, average, and >20% lower than UK average The City Resilience Framework developed by the economic and environmental needs (Q10) • 32,500 Humber business at risk of Rockefeller Foundation and used by the 100RC • Hull has the highest total flood risk flooding characterises city resilience using four dimensions envelope outside Thames Estuary. Radical • Attracting and retaining skilled workers and 12 goals. The City Water Resilience Framework solutions may be required in the face of will be important for future growth - increasing uses these as a starting point. • Economic activity is above the within • In face of more extreme events, balancing Yorkshire and Humber average, and rising The city faces many challenges and opportunities across these schemes to reduce risk versus building in dimensions (some of these are indicated opposite). In areas such resilient and adaptable solutions • Critical that Hull seen as climate ready and as unemployment, jobs and skills, wages, mental health and life resilient to support the recent upturn • Critical infrastructure – maintaining power, expectancy, the City is below average, it is one of the most vulnerable water, transport and other key services • Significant housing needs to be balanced to climate risks in the UK. with water sensitive design • Major industrial water users: in particular However, Hull has a long history of bouncing back from challenges, petro-checmical and health care - a • An opportunity to establish water- adapting and moving forward. It is already addressing resilience across challenge and an opportunity resilience as part of Hull’s USP multiple sectors, from health and housing, to education, employment, water and climate adaptation. Through the LWWP, the groundwork is being laid to align these actions into a comprehensive, catchment- Next Steps wide resilience strategy. Health & Wellbeing Leadership and Strategy

Work undertaken to date has enabled us to understand resilience References • Hull is the 3rd most deprived local • Clear partnership vision working - this is 1. Aung, T., Singh, A., Prasad, U., Sea Level Threat in Tuvalu, 2009, American Journal of Applied and vulnerability at a high level. As seen in the case studies, Sciences 6 (6): 1169-1174. authority in (out of 326) being progresed through the LWWP there is a lot of complexity and nuance within each of the island 2. CSIRO, Australian Bureau of Meteorology and SPREP (2015). Climate in the Pacific: a regional summary of new science and management tools, Pacific- Climate Change Science nations. Further analysis to understand the location of important and Adaptation Planning Program Summary Report. Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial • It has high mental health and low life • Integrated cross-sector approaches physical and socio-economic assets, anticipated water levels, and Research Organisation, Melbourne, Australia. 3. Lin, C-C., Ho, C-R., Cheng, Y-H., Interpreting and analyzing King Tide in Tuvalu, 2014, Nat. expectancy compared to national average an assessment of the adequacy of flood protection systems would Hazards Earth Syst. Sci. • Governance and finance: the scale enable us to understand sea-level rise risk in more detail. 4. Stephens, S.A., Ramsay, D.L., Extreme cyclone wave climate in the Southwest Pacific Ocean: Influence of the El Niño Southern Oscillation and projected climate change, Global and Planetary • Hull has relatively high unemployment and of challenge may require alternative The value of measuring and understanding resilience and Change Volume 123, pg 13-26. 5. Climate Change in the Pacific: Scientific Assessment and New Research Volume 1: Regional low qualifications approaches such as have been pursued vulnerability, has to be to increase the resilience of Pacific Island Overview, Pacific Climate Change Science Program, 2011, accessed Nov 2016 online [http:// for projects such as Thames Tideway Nations. Over the past three years, with the support of The www.pacificclimatechangescience.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/Climate-Change-in-the- • Engagement with water issues is low - Rockefeller Foundation, Arup has developed the City Resilience Pacific.-Scientific-Assessment-and-New-Research-Volume-1.-Regional-Overview.pdf] 6. Barnett, J., Adger, W.N., Climate Dangers and Atoll Countries, 2003, Climatic Change 61: with low uptake of flood warning and • Building the economic case – including Index (see figure 5) — a new way to understand and champion 321–337. Left resilience in cities. Whilst this index was designed to understand 7. Pacifc-Australia Climate Change Science and Adaptation Planning Program, Sea-level rise problems with pollution of watercourses ensuring equity amongst rural/urban areas in the western tropical Pacific fact sheet, 2014. Accessed Nov 2016, online [http://www. The City Resilience Framework, and improve resilience at a city level, with people at its heart, pacificclimatechangescience.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/PACCSAP-factsheet_Sea-Level- and across different demographics much of the thinking can be applied to human populations Rise.pdf] developed by the Rockefeller • Overall Hull is an area of high socio-spatial 8. The World Factbook 2015-16. Washington, DC: Central Intelligence Agency, 2016. 17 Foundation and Arup. The anywhere in the world . 9. Tuvalu Coastal Adaptation Project, UNDP Green Climate Fund Application vulnerability to climate risks • Gaining support from DEFRA, , 10. Mendelsohn, R., Emanuel, k., Chonabayashi, S., Bakkensen, L, 2012,. The impact of climate frameowrk uses four dimensions, The research undertaken in the development of the City change on global tropical cyclone damage. Nature Climate Change. 2, 205-209 and a series of indicators to DCLG and other regulators for alternative 11. Citta metropolitan di Milano, Population figures. Accessed November 2016 [online] http://www. • These factors offer a opportunity to look Resilience Index shows that the factors that contribute to city cittametropolitana.mi.it/international/en/provincia/popolazione.html characterise city resilience. approaches resilience are the same worldwide, although their relative 12. Mciver L, Woodward A, Davies S, et al. Assessment of the Health Impacts of Climate Change in for water resilience solutions that deliver Kiribati. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2014; 11(5): 5224–5240 Right importance may vary. This forms the basis of the City Resilience 13. South Tarawa, REPUBLIC OF KIRIBATI ISLAND REPORT SERIES, Updated 2012 by Office of Te significant health & well-being outcomes • Aligning with other programmes – see Q12 Index, which describes 12 goals (shown in yellow in figure 5) Beretitenti & T’Makei Services 2012 Aspects of Hull resilience under to strive towards in order to achieve resilience. These are what 14. Duvat, V., Coastal protection structures in Tarawa Atoll, Republic of Kiribati, 2013, Sustain Sci each of the the four dimensions 8:363–379 matters most when a city faces chronic problems or sudden 15. Donner, S.D. & Webber, Obstacles to climate change adaptation decisions: a case study of sea- 5 catastrophe. level rise and coastal protection measures in Kiribati, 2014, S. Sustain Sci 9:331 16. World Bank (2011b) Kiribati Adaptation Project—Implementation Phase (KAPII): Project Figure 5 Arup and Rockefeller Foundation, City Resilience Framework. The 12 goals Implementation Completion and Results Report. Report No: ICR00001751. Washington, DC. for improved resilience are in the second longest circle shown in yellow We understand that sea level rise is not alone as a chronic Acessed Nov 2016 [online] factor impacting on the vulnerability of Pacific Island Nations. 17. Arup & The Rockefeller Foundation, City Resilience Framework, 2014 18. McCubbin, S., Smit, B., Where does climate fit? Vulnerability to climate change in the context of Further work would be required to understand in more multiple stressors in Funafuti, Tuvalu, 2014, Global Environmental Change 30 detail the interrelationships with other underlying stresses or compounding impacts of other shocks. For example residents of Funafuti, Tuvalu, feel that stressors include the economy, food, water, overcrowding, culture, , temperature, unpredictable weather as well as extreme sea levels and cyclones18. Further work to understand the gaps and opportunities in improving the resilience of Pacific Island Nations will be required. This analysis would also explore gaps in the data and information. Our initial academic literature review has suggested that there may be gaps in our understanding of housing and shelter across the islands, as well mapping and assessing the current state of defences. Initial review has suggested there are a range of different appropriate responses for example; hard protection, soft protection and relocation.

4 Kingston upon Hull - City Water Resilience Framework Scarborough

Hull Catchment

York Hull CATCHMENT OVERVIEW >20% Of England’s land drains through the Humber River Hull is located at the southern end Humber Estuary Basin District of the River Hull Catchment1, which stretches north to where the first springs emerge from the metre . It sits alongside 1Forecast sea level the Humber Estuary, which in turn is rise to 2110 part of the wider Humber River Basin District. The Humber Estuary is a Site of Special Scientific 680mm Beverley Interest (SSSI) with multiple other designations average annual rainfall under UK, European and International law. Areas HULL of the Hull catchment are also SSSIs, in particular the upland chalk streams. For more detailed information on the Hull Catchment itself refer to the map opposite. >250km Hull Catchment itself refer to the map opposite. Coastal defences around the Humber Estuary

Humber Estuary PARTNERSHIP RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE HULL WATER ENVIRONMENT Western boundary of underlying Yorkshire Chalk Aquifer The Environment Agency (EA) The Yorkshire Wolds (Area of high Government Agency responsible for regulating, habitats, water quality, groundwater abstraction, major land drainage, coastal and fluvial flood defences. Has over-arching responsibility for all flood risk. ground & source of the River Hull) Yorkshire Water The River Hull Catchment Private-sector company responsible for public water and wastewater services - including surface water The River Hull drainage - across Yorkshire. Regulated by the Office of Water Services (OFWAT). Boundary Hull City Council & East Riding of Yorkshire Council Principal Urban areas Responsibility for Strategic Flood Risk Assessments and control of planning and development. Increasing responsibility for local food risk since the Flood & Water Management Act 2010 is driving more Ports & industrial zones The Hull River Catchment collaboration with the EA and Yorkshire Water, Main Roads Overview map showing Hull Other Key Organisations within the Hull Catchment Yorkshire Water operational area catchment within the context of the Humber Estuary and wider Within the Hull Catchment the Inland Drainage Board (land drainage), and the Marine Management for Hull, including water supply, Humber River Basin District. Organisation (regulation of the marine environment) also have an key role. Refer also to Question 11. surface water and wastewater Key issues in the Hull catchment are summarised on the next page.6 Kingston upon Hull - City Water Resilience Framework

WATER CHALLENGES AT CATCHMENT SCALE

Topography Land Use Water Resources Promoting Nature- Innovative Funding & Geology & Development & Supply Based Solutions & Investment

The catchment is underlayed Productive agricultural land Raw water for Hull is Due to the nature of the The unique nature of the by the Yorkshire Chalk is key to the local economy. supplied from surface water reclaimed landscape catchment raises a number Aquifer. The springs feeding and from ground water from there will always be a of challenges that require In the upper catchment the the River Hull rise in the underlying Yorkshire need to mange the water innovative approaches to well-drained areas are used Yorkshire Wolds, a curved Chalk aquifer. The aquifer environment using a variety governance, funding and for arable and livestock ridge of well-drained chalk is recharged in the upper of green and ‘grey’ solutions. delivery that are already farming. The reclaimed that runs northwards from catchment from water falling being considered by the city marshland lower down the However, despite significant west of Hull then east to on the Wolds. Groundwater and LWWP. catchment provides very challenges based on Head. abstraction is limited by the high quality , Hull’s unique catchment A key challenge is in need to avoid saline intrusion surrounding the low-lying characteristics, there are balancing the needs of rural The low lying land around from the estuary. the city was historically tidal urban areas of Hull. many opportunities for and urban communities marshland. It is very flat Raw water quality is nature-based solutions to and ensuring equity of There is increasing pressure and made up of relatively managed through source water resilience, such as investment and impacts on land use including impermeable tidal deposits. protection zones, but these improved land management between ‘who benefits’ and developing ports an are under increasing pressure and natural flood ‘who pays’. (both positive industrial areas to support This natural topography, from development and management across the and negative). the economy. coupled with the higher-level agricultural practice, with catchment, and innovative docks and coastal defences LWWP partners have There is increasing pressure nitrate contamination being a approaches within the city to the south, creates a ‘bowl recently collaborated to on pumped drainage systems particular issue. (see page 15) effect’ preventing natural deliver flood alleviation supporting agriculture, drainage of the city. Ageing infrastructure is also These need to be balanced schemes to the west of Hull critical infrastructure becoming a challenge. with the complex needs (see Figure 3). and urban development. of urban and rural Maintaining this system Going forward such development, ongoing land needs to be balanced with an approaches may involve drainage strategy and the increasing need to find ways creating a catchment-scale need to protect sensitive to slow the flow of water into case for investment. environmental habitats. the city 100% 48% 14% 92% £310m Urban areas less than Rented housing Aquifer recharge from East Riding is investment 10m above sea level versus 32% in UK rainfall is abstracted agricultural land in renewables in Hull 7 Kingston upon Hull - City Water Resilience Framework

CITY WATER Watercourses The River Hull and Beverley & Hull City Council Boundary Barmston Drains CHALLENGES Over time many watercourses Water drains from the catchment The River Hull within the City have been through the heart of the city via HIgh level drains carrying in-filled and diverted to flow the high level river channel. Flood land drainage from the High level open drains directly into the surface water embankments and walls protect mid-catchment through and Culverted watercourses drains or combined the city from fluvial flooding. around the city for discharge Hull developed around the system. Others have been to the River Humber. This In-filled watercourses opportunities for connectivity contained in culverts. system relies on large Other open watercourses pumping stations. and trade offered by ports at Surface water storage Surface water drainage Sewage and surface water the confluence of the Hull and Most of the surface water Land Drainage drainage system Humber. This highly productive flows into a combined A series of large pumping Sewage Transfer Tunnel sewer. Surface water from stations such as the Great and outfall to Humber landscape has been created by the catchment Culvert Pumping Station lift is collected separately and land drainage into main drains Main surface water and reclamation of tidal marsh and discharged to the River Hull Great Culvert PS and then into the Humber. sewage pumping stations via the Bransholme Pumping Hull Tidal Barrier intense water management. station and stomwater balancing lagoon. Its coastal location continues to underpin Water Resources and Supply the economy and major opportunities Bransholme PS Water is supplied both from going forward, but Hull also faces surface water abstraction particular challenges due to its low- and via abstraction from the lying coastal context. With parts of the underlying chalk aquifer. It is treated at Top Hill Low Water city below sea-level and a catchment River Hull Treatment Works (see Figure 5). that drains towards the estuary (Figure 5, page 15), it will always be a highly- Surface water storage Sewage collection and managed landscape. The water systems wastewater treatment As part of the LWWP are illustrated opposite. Key water Aguagreens programme a Sewage flows to a combined challenges are summarised on the next number of surface water system and is taken via a large tunnel and pumped to a single page. Refer to Question 10 for wider storage areas have been created to attenuate surface wastewater treatment works, catchment context. water flows into and within East Hull PS Hull WwTW from where it flows to the the city. Others are planned. Humber. Emergency storm Historic City Centre overflows discharge to the Humber Estuary via East and West Hull pumping stations. Greenport Hull

West Hull PS %

>95 The Humber Estuary Area of city below highest tides

Coastal protection Ports and Navigation The low-lying city is A busy port handles over 13 % protected from tidal flooding million tonnes of cargo a year as Overview of water systems in Hull by a series of flood defences well as 1 million passengers 100 Key challenges are summarised on the along the Humber Estuary. A per year. Further expansion is City reliance on next page. See Figure 4 on page 15 for tidal surge barrier limits flows planned, including a new Cruise up the River Hull. Terminal. further explanation of the city water 8 pumped systems systems. Kingston upon Hull - City Water Resilience Framework

WATER CHALLENGES AT CITY SCALE

Flood risk from Wastewater Water resource Water Sensitive Community multiple sources treatment and supply Development Engagement

Coastal protection must A single wastewater Water is supplied both from Hull has the most Despite the extent of flood balance sea level rise, treatment works takes surface water abstraction comprehensive Strategic risk and impact on 9,000 coastal erosion and habitat all sewage flows from and via abstraction from Flood Risk Assessment in properties during the 2007 protection, flood storage, the city and is fully the underlying chalk the UK, based on detailed floods, perception and navigation and industry. reliant on pumping. aquifer. Rainfall is low understanding of integrated awareness of risk is still but the main challenge drainage systems to inform relatively low, with only 4% of The city is fully reliant on Much of the surface is in protection of water future development. eligible households signed up pumping to remove surface water landing on the city quality (see pages 16-17). to flood warnings. water; existing surface flows into the combined There will be increasing water systems are at or near system, including most of Within the city the aquifer is pressure on land use as the There is a need to reconnect capacity. the watercourses which protected by an impermeable city grows, especially as Hull the city with it’s water have been culverted. layer but there are gaps has agreed to accommodate story, to build a shared Solutions to keep water out that present potential housing growth for the East understanding, particularly of the city are politically Much of the infrastructure pathways for contamination. Riding area. Balancing this between urban and rural sensitive requiring loss of is ageing and at or with making space for water communities and also prime agricultural land and near capacity. Source protection zones will be a major challenge. engaging immigrant and actions across administrative are increasingly under Options for disconnecting disadvantaged communities. boundaries. pressure from development Retrofit of existing building surface water and and some have been and public realm is a This can increase uptake Options for green-blue reducing sewage flows compromised. Green-blue challenge and an opportunity of resilience measures, solutions are limited (see also are complex and limited solutions encouraging for the city. acceptance and participation pp 16-17). due to the nature of the infiltration or localised in alternative solutions, catchment (see also Q10). Implementation will require Future solutions will need to treatment will need to take facilitate behaviour change innovative approaches to build resilience to cope with Radical solutions into consideration risk to and may also influence land use planning, urban more extreme events. will be required. groundwater contamination. considerations of ‘willingness design and development, to pay’. Some of Yorkshire Water’s including new planning largest water users are mechanisms, incentives and based in the City. design guidelines. 95-98% 84% 15% 9,920 4% Dwellings at high Surface water flows to Hull’s potable water Planned homes in the Take up of flood risk of flooding combined sewers demand is industrial City over next 15 years warning service 9 Kingston upon Hull - City Water Resilience Framework

THE HULL WATER ENVIRONMENT

The diagram below illustrates the key systems making up the water environment in Hull. Alongside each system are some of the emerging water-resilience strategies being explored by the Living with Water Partnership.

People, place, economy Strong leadership and vision New partnerships & delivery mechanisms Supporting inclusive growth, health & wellbeing World-class jobs & skills in energy & water Cultural engagement and behaviour change New jobs Digital innovation in water, New partnerships & Strong leadership Behaviour Living with water Rediscovering a Manufacturing & skills in energy Suporting the & skills energy & Big Data delivery mechanisms & vision change shared water story and water management rural economy

Water sensitive development World-leading water-resilient development New design codes and incentives Buildings retrofit for water and energy Extensive retrofit New design Smart building Green roofs & Highways World-leading water Buildings Retrofit Community scale rainwater harvesting Water-resilient, energy- Energy-water Use of digital innovation and Big Data codes management walls retrofit sensitive development & grey water reuse neutral development landscape

Strategic blue-green infrastructure Create a strategic blue-green grid Extensive city-wide landscape retrofit Manage surface water within landscape

Create productive energy-water landscape Working with nature Water designed into Highways retrofit for Improved access & connectivity Housing and Strategic Blue-Green Grid for surface Land management for water quality & Improve connectivity and public realm and ecological design public realm conveyance and storage along waterways landscape retrofit water management flood risk reduction

Below ground drainage and water infrastructure Separate surface water system Manage water at or near to the surface Create an energy-neutral water system Encourage decentralised systems Utilise smart network management Reduced pumping to Energy from Energy-neutral Surface water removed from Smart network Shallow surface water Watercourses Distributed Efficient pumping to Addressing Wastewater treatment waste water combined seThe CItyr conveyance & storage restored systems new canals saline intrusion

Low-lying coastal context Strengthen coastal and fluvial defences Maintain strategic land drainage Minimise surface water to main rivers Design resilient, adaptive solutions

Preserving and enhancing habitat & biodiversity Energy from tidal Strengthen coastal flood Protection of Pumping during Strengthen fluvial Working with natural Manage surface water to relieve Maintain strategic land water exchange defences economic assets high tide defences systems presure on main rivers drainage system 10 Kingston upon Hull - City Water Resilience Framework

THE CITY WATER CYCLE

The diagram below illustrates a high level summary of the water cycle in Hull, including the key interactions. Green boxes indicate natural processes and the blue indicate human-made elements. It is acknowledged the boundaries between these categories are particularly complex in Hull where so much of the landscape has been highly modified over time. The dotted boxes acknowledge the fundamental role that flood management plays controlling flows between different parts of the cycle.

Evapotranspiration

Precipitation Natural Flood Management Leakage Percolation Surface Water

Groundwater Infiltration Fluvial Defences

Surface Water Aquifer /Bog Lake/Pond Stream/River Land Drain/Ditch SuDS & GI Canal/ Waterway Drain

Local flood risk Reservoir Spring management

Potable Treatment Abstraction Agriculture

Ground source Industrial Land Drainage heating/coolling non-potable Pumping

Surface Water Water-reuse Pumping

Effluent Re-use Non-domestic Distribution / Combined Sewer Sewer Network Supply Network Network Domestic Coastal Defences Wastewater Wastewater Treatment Pumping

Emergency Emergency Estuary Pumping Overflow

Sea

11 Kingston upon Hull - City Water Resilience Framework

STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT

Collaboration with the Rockefeller Foundation and S & WIDER COMM Arup to develop the CWRF is being led by a City IZEN UNI CIT TY Team from Hull City Council and East Riding of Yorkshire Council. The Team includes cross-sector representation to facilitate effective engagement Arts & Culture across the various city departments and wider Planning stakeholders – ensuring a fully integrated and efficient & Economics Environment approach.

The diagram opposite illustrates the governance structure by which the Emergency & Hull City Team is working the Living with Water Partnership to facilitate LIVING WITH Water & Contingency engagement with cross-sector stakeholders, citizens and the wider WATER PARTNERSHIP Flood Risk Planning community throughout the process

WATER RESILIENCE Education FRAMEWORK Navigation & Research CITY TEAM & Ports Mark Jones City Team Leader East Riding and Chair of LWWP Environment of Yorkshire Agency Council

Energy Hull City Yorkshire Business & Carbon Council Water & Industry

Health Food & & Wellbeing Agriculture Transport & Comms

S C ER ROS OLD S-SECTOR STAKEH

12 THE CITY AND ITS PARTNERS ARE COMMITTED TO AN AMBITIOUS RESILIENCE PROGRAMME - WORKING TOGETHER WITH BUSINESSES AND COMMUNITIES TO DELIVER LASTING IMPACT AND TRANSFORMATIONAL CHANGE.

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