DOCSLIB.ORG

Doktorska Disertacija

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Doktorska Disertacija UNIVERZITET EDUCONS Fakultet za evropske pravno-političke studije Novi Sad Politikološki aspekti etničkih konflikata u savremenom svetu – od Drugog svetskog rata do početka XXI veka Doktorska disertacija Mentor: Kandidat: Prof. dr Dragan Simeunović mr Marija Žužek Novi Sad, 2016. Politikološki aspekti etničkih konflikata 2016 u savremenom svetu – od Drugog svetskog rata do početka XXI veka Univerzitet Edukons Fakultet za evropske pravno-političke studije KLJUČNA DOKUMENTACIJSKA INFORMACIJA Redni broj: RBR Identifikacioni broj: IBR Tip dokumentacije: Monografska dokumentacija TD Tip zapisa: Tekstualni štampani materijal TZ Vrsta rada (dipl, mag, dr): Doktorska disertacija VR Ime i prezime autora: mr Marija Žužek AU Mentor (titula, ime, prezime, Prof. dr Dragan Simeunović, redovni profesor zvanje): MN Naslov rada: Politikološki aspekti etničkih konflikata u savremenom NR svetu – od Drugog svetskog rata do početka XXI veka Jezik publikacije: Srpski JP Jezik izvoda/apstrakta: Srpski/Engleski JI Zemlja publikovanja: Republika Srbija ZP Uže geografsko područje: AP Vojvodina, Novi Sad UGP Godina: 2016. GO Doktorska disertacija 2 Politikološki aspekti etničkih konflikata 2016 u savremenom svetu – od Drugog svetskog rata do početka XXI veka Izdavač: autorski reprint IZ Mesto i adresa: Bulevar dr Zorana Đinđića 20/35, 11070, Novi Beograd, MA Republika Srbija Fizički opis rada: (8 poglavlja / 467 stranice / 785 fusnota / 546 referenci / FO 6 grafikona / 6 tabela / 7 karata / 2 šeme / 4 priloga) Naučna oblast: Društveno humanističke nauke NO Naučna disciplina: Političke nauke ND Predmetna odrednica, ključne Identitet, etnicitet, nacija, država, etnopolitička kriza, etnički reči: konflikt, etnocentrizam, religija, suverenitet, bezbednost, PO konsekvence etničkih konflikata. UDK Čuva se u: Biblioteka Fakulteta za evropske pravno-političke studije, ČU Novi Sad Važna napomena: VN Izvod/Apstrakt str. 6 IZ Datum prihvatanja od strane NN 05.03.2012. veća: DP Datum odbrane: DO Članovi komisije Predsednik: prof. dr Ljubiša Despotović, Fakultet za (ime i prezime, titula, zvanje, evropske pravno-političke studije, Novi Sad, naziv institucije, status): Član: prof. dr Dragan Simeunović, redovni profesor, KO Fakultet političkih nauka, Univerzitet u Beogradu, Član: doc. dr Veran Stančetić, prodekan za studijski program Politikologije, Fakultet za evropske pravno- političke studije, Novi Sad. Doktorska disertacija 3 Politikološki aspekti etničkih konflikata 2016 u savremenom svetu – od Drugog svetskog rata do početka XXI veka EDUCONS UNIVERISTY Faculty of European Legal and Political Studies KEY DOCUMENT INFORMATION Number *consequtive: ANO Identification number: INO Document type: Monograph documentation DT Type of record: Textual printed material TR Contents code (BA/BSc, PhD MA/MSc, PhD): CC Author: Marija Zuzek AU Mentor (title, name, post): Prof. Dragan Simeunović, PhD, Full Professor MN Document title: Political Scientific Aspects of Ethnic Conflicts in the TI Contemporary Environment – since the World War II until the 21st Century Language of main text: Serbian LT Language of abstract: Serbian/English LA Country of publication: Republic of Serbia CP Locality of publication: Vojvodina, Novi Sad LP Doktorska disertacija 4 Politikološki aspekti etničkih konflikata 2016 u savremenom svetu – od Drugog svetskog rata do početka XXI veka Year of publication: 2016 PY Publisher: Author’ s reprint PU Place of publication: Bulevar dr Zorana Đinđića 20/35, 11070, Novi Beograd, PP Republic of Serbia Physical description: (8 chapters / 467 pages / 785 footnotes / 546 rererences / PD 6 graphs / 6 tables / 7 maps / 2 schemes / 4 annexes) Scientific field: Social Sciences SF Scientific discipline: Political Sciences SD Subject, Key words Identity, Ethnicity, Nation, State, Ethno-political Crisis, SKW Ethnic Conflict, Ethnocentrism, Religion, Sovereignty, Security, Consequences of Ethnic Conflict. UC (universal class. code) Holding data: Library of the Faculty of European Legal and Political HD Studies, Novi Sad Note: N Abstract: pg. 7 AB Accepted by Sc. Board on: 3/5/2012 AS Defended/Viva voce Ph D exam. on: DE PhD Examination Panel: Chairperson: Ljubisa Despotovic, PhD, Professor, Faculty DB of European Legal and Political Studies, Novi Sad, Member: Dragan Simeunovic, PhD, Full Professor, Faculty of Political Sciences, University of Belgrade, Member: Veran Stancetic, PhD, Vice Dean for Politicology Studies Department, Faculty of European Legal and Political Studies, Novi Sad. Doktorska disertacija 5 Politikološki aspekti etničkih konflikata 2016 u savremenom svetu – od Drugog svetskog rata do početka XXI veka Apstrakt Relevantnost diskursa o etničkim konfliktima determinisana je uvažavanjem činjenice o njima kao savremenim društvenim sukobima koji postaju sine qua non međunarodne i svetske bezbednosti. Činjenice da od samog početka savremenog organizovanja ljudskih zajednica, u svetu nije zabeleženo pola veka mira, kao i da samo prva dekada XXI veka beleži čak 59 aktivnih etničkih sukoba na 48 lokacija u svetu, svedoče o tome da etnicitet i religija ostaju i dalje najjače političke sile u oblikovanju sveta. Postojanje najmanje 96 separatističkih pokreta, na prostoru 66 zemalja, čini aktivnim čak 744 različitih separatističkih odnosno militantnih grupacija u svetu, izdvajajući ogroman broj etnički neuralgičnih područja. Izneto otvara dilemu: da li se civilizacijske tekovine ljudskih prava i prava manjina na očuvanje identiteta - kao bumerang vraćaju istom tom čovečanstvu na naplatu - stvarajući potencijalni problem velikom delu etnički heterogenih društava? Posedovanje nacionalno-statusnih prava više nije dovoljno, a masovni pokušaji stvaranja novih nacionalnih država i interesne igre međunarodne zajednice u pogledu trgovine podrškom ovoj tendenciji, direktno pogoduju produbljivanju jaza argumentacije etnički konfrontiranih grupa. Sa druge strane, činjenica o svetskoj promeni kursa od integracija ka snažnoj rehabilitaciji konvencionalnog koncepta državnog suvereniteta na pragu XXI veka, nesumnjivo jačanje desničarskih političkih partija koje pogoduju ksenofobiji i dodatno naoružavanje - dovode u pitanje prethodno izborene demokratske institucije ljudskih prava. Užasavajuća činjenica o disparitetu finansijskih izdvajanja za mir, koja danas iznose čak 1:52 u korist rata i ljudskog stradanja, jasno implicira da je nova energija interesa moćnih - sadržana u kontroli etničkih i religijskih različitosti i tenzija, čineći ih - modernim sredstvom njihovog ostvarivanja. Brojni neuspesi u razrešavanju etničkih konflikata u periodu nakon Drugog svetskog rata ozbiljno impliciraju nužnost urgentnog novog, sveukupnog strategijskog regionalnog pristupa i odgovornosti, redefinisanje normi međunarodnog prava, adekvatne modele prevencije i odgovora na etnopolitičke krize i značajno revidiranje uloge vodećih međunarodnih organizacija, u prvom redu UN. Ključne reči: identitet, etnicitet, nacija, država, etnopolitička kriza, etnički konflikt, religija, suverenitet, bezbednost, konsekvence etničkih konflikata. Doktorska disertacija 6 Politikološki aspekti etničkih konflikata 2016 u savremenom svetu – od Drugog svetskog rata do početka XXI veka Abstract Relevance of discourse regarding ethnical conflict is determined by accepting the fact about them as contemporary social conflicts which are becoming a sine qua non of global international peace and stability. Undisputet fact that from the very beginning of contemporary organizing of human communities there has not been recorded half a century of peace, and also only the first decade of 21st Century registers even 59 active ethnical conflict in 48 world locations, certify that ethnicity and religion are still remaining the strongest political powers in the world shaping. Existence of at least 96 separatist movements, in 66 countries, make active even 744 various separatist and/or militant groups in the world, setting aside enormous number of ethnically neuralgic areas. The above stated opens the dilemma: whether the civilization achievements of human rights and minority rights in preserving identity are coming back as a boomerang to the same humanity for pay creating potential problem to a great number of ethnically heterogeneous societies. Possession of national-statutory rights is not sufficient any more, and numerous attempts of making new national states as well as interest games of the international community in the form of trading with the support to this tendency, are directly favoring in deepening gap of ethnically confronted groups argumentation. On the other hand, noticeable world change of cours from the integrations toward the strong rehabilitation of the convencional concept of the state souvereignty at the beganing of the 21st Century, dautbless strengthening of the rightist political parties which incline to xenophobia as well as additional armament - are questioning previously won democratic institutions of human rights. Horrifying fact on disparity of financial assets for peace, which are nowadays even 1:52 in favor of war and human suffering, clearly implies that the new energy of power forces interests - contained in a control of ethnical and religious differences and tensions, making them - modern instrument of their realization. Numerous failures in solving ethnical conflicts after world war the Second are seriously implying necessity of urgent, total strategic regional approach and responsibility, redefining of the international right norms, adequate prevention models as well as response to ethno-political
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The London School of Economics and Political Science Determining
    The London School of Economics and Political Science Determining policy priorities in a devolved h ealth s ystem: An a nalytical f ra mework Christina Marie Novinskey A thesis submitted to the Department of Social Policy of the London School of Economics for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, London, October 2015 1 Authorship Declaration I certify that the thesis I have presented for examination for the MPhil/PhD degree of the London School of Economics and Political Scien ce is solely my own work other than where I have clearly indicated that it is the work of others (in which case the extent of any work carried out jointly by me and any other person is clearly identified in it). The copyright of this thesis rests with the author. Quotation from it is permitted, provided that full acknowledgement is made. This thesis may not be reproduced without my prior written consent. I warrant that this authorisation does not, to the best of my belief, infringe the rights of any thi rd party. I declare that my thesis consists of 9 9 , 853 words. Statement of use of third party for editorial help I can confirm that my thesis was copy edited for conventions of language, spelling and grammar by Edit911.com, Inc. 2 Abstract This disse rtation develops an analytical framework for studying the effects of health system devolution on the health policyma king process and policy choices made by subnational governments . It addresses two research questions: (1) H ow does devolution change the st ructure and agency of the health policymaking process? (2) What is the resulting impact on health policy priorities ? A critical literature review covers decentralization , devolution , and interest - based approaches for analy s ing the policymaking process, s tructure and agency.
    [Show full text]
  • Separatism and Regionalism in Modern Europe
    Separatism and Regionalism in Modern Europe Separatism and Regionalism in Modern Europe Edited by Chris Kostov Logos Verlag Berlin λογος Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available in the Internet at http://dnb.d-nb.de . Book cover art: c Adobe Stock: Silvio c Copyright Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH 2020 All rights reserved. ISBN 978-3-8325-5192-6 The electronic version of this book is freely available under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licence, thanks to the support of Schiller University, Madrid. Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH Georg-Knorr-Str. 4, Gebäude 10 D-12681 Berlin - Germany Tel.: +49 (0)30 / 42 85 10 90 Fax: +49 (0)30 / 42 85 10 92 https://www.logos-verlag.com Contents Editor's introduction7 Authors' Bios 11 1 The EU's MLG system as a catalyst for separatism: A case study on the Albanian and Hungarian minority groups 15 YILMAZ KAPLAN 2 A rolling stone gathers no moss: Evolution and current trends of Basque nationalism 39 ONINTZA ODRIOZOLA,IKER IRAOLA AND JULEN ZABALO 3 Separatism in Catalonia: Legal, political, and linguistic aspects 73 CHRIS KOSTOV,FERNANDO DE VICENTE DE LA CASA AND MARÍA DOLORES ROMERO LESMES 4 Faroese nationalism: To be and not to be a sovereign state, that is the question 105 HANS ANDRIAS SØLVARÁ 5 Divided Belgium: Flemish nationalism and the rise of pro-separatist politics 133 CATHERINE XHARDEZ 6 Nunatta Qitornai: A party analysis of the rhetoric and future of Greenlandic separatism 157 ELLEN A.
    [Show full text]
  • Organizzazioni Mondiali]
    1 1 [ORGANIZZAZIONI MONDIALI] Commento. Le bandiere cosiddette internazionali sono quelle il 2 cui messaggio è indirizzato alle platee più vaste. Alcune possono essere definite mondiali, perché appartenenti a tutto, o quasi, il genere umano. La loro simbologia richiama concetti universali. Quella delle Nazioni Unite mostra il globo terrestre circondato da rami di ulivo: è notoriamente una bandiera di pace sebbene spesso portata da soldati in armi e molti per essa siano sono caduti. I cinque cerchi colorati sulla bandiera olimpica annunciano che lo sport è di tutti, senza differenza alcuna (purtroppo in teoria: i soldi fanno sempre più la differenza) e la Croce Rossa, o gli altri simboli ad essa collegati, hanno, o dovrebbero avere, le strade aperte ovunque c’è sofferenza. Messaggi dunque da tutti facilmente comprensibili, spesso contraddittori, che l’umanità indirizza a se stessa. Nazioni Unite, United Nations, Nations Unies, Vereinte Nationen, ONU, UN, UNO, dal 1947 Il 24 ottobre 1945, con l’entrata in vigore dello statuto, nasceva l’Organizzazione delle Nazioni Unite, aperta in linea di principio a tutti gli stati e finalizzata al mantenimento della pace e della sicurezza e alla cooperazione in campo economico, culturale e sociale. Gli stati membri erano 50 nel 1945; a tutto settembre 2002, dopo l'entrata della Svizzera (10.9.02) e di Timor Est (27.10.02), erano 191. Il carattere universale dell’organizzazione è ben rappresentato dall’emblema, adottato ufficialmente il 7 dicembre 1946, raffigurante una proiezione del globo terrestre centrata sul polo nord, ove sono visibili tutte le terre emerse, tranne l’Antartide. I rami d’olivo simboleggiano la pace.
    [Show full text]
  • L'aragonés, an Endangered Minority Language: the Case of Ayerbe
    L'ARAGONÉS, AN ENDANGERED MINORITY LANGUAGE: THE CASE OF AYERBE By MARÍA ROSA BERCERO OTAL A thesis submitted to The University of Birmingham for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Department of Hispanic Studies College of Arts and Law The University of Birmingham April 2013 University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. ABSTRACT Aragonese is a minority endangered language used in the Alto Aragon area. Ayerbe is a town found in the Plana de Uesca in Alto Aragon, and therefore it is considered to belong to a geographical area where the use of the Aragonese language finds itself in a significant state of decline compared to the use of Castilian Spanish. This study examines the extent to which this is true. The objective was to conduct a questionnaire amongst residents in Ayerbe in order to explore their language use, their perceptions of the language, their linguistic awareness and their affinity to the concept of Aragonese identity. The results suggest that the Aragonese language in Ayerbe is more widely read and understood than was previously thought.
    [Show full text]
  • Overview: the Diversity and Complexity of Separatist Movements in Europe Alan B. Anderson* University of Saskatchewan
    Journal on Ethnopolitics and Minority Issues in Europe Vol 17, No 3, 2018, 4-44. Copyright © ECMI 2018 This article is located at: http://www.ecmi.de/fileadmin/downloads/publications/JEMIE/201 8/Anderson_intro.pdf Overview: the Diversity and Complexity of Separatist Movements in Europe Alan B. Anderson* University of Saskatchewan Of 42 independent countries in Europe (excluding mini-states, dependencies, and counting the four states together comprising the United Kingdom as a single country), almost all contain territorial-based ethnic minorities which have been, continue to be, or may potentially be engaged in separatist movements.1 While ‘separatism’ is often equated with full political secession, separatist movements – broadly defined – may actually range from secession to autonomy.2 Secessionist movements seek complete independence from an existing country. They may include militant independence movements, involving violence initiated by secessionists; violent state repression of secessionism; or non-violent democratic secessionism. Autonomist movements aim at achieving, strengthening, or maintaining political autonomy within an existing country, short of independence. Such movements may be working toward the achievement of autonomy; or may aim at increasing or strengthening existing autonomy; whereas some autonomous regions may simply be content with existing autonomy (the status quo). Several relatively newly independent countries have recently acquired their independence * Alan B. Anderson is Professor Emeritus of Sociology and a former chair of the International Studies Program at the University of Saskatchewan (Canada). Correspondence details: e-mail: [email protected]. JEMIE Vol 17, No 3, 2018 due to the dissolution of previous federations, and indeed some historic countries with a strong nationalistic identity wish to break away from existing federations.
    [Show full text]
  • The Ebro in Aragonesismo and Aragonese Nationalism
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Northumbria Research Link THE EBRO IN ARAGONESISMO AND ARAGONESE NATIONALISM BRENDA REED PhD NOVEMBER 2010 NORTHUMBRIA UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF ARTS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES MODERN LANGUAGES DIVISION PhD DISSERTATION THE EBRO IN ARAGONESISMO AND ARAGONESE NATIONALISM BRENDA REED Thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of Northumbria University for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy SUBMISSION DATE: NOVEMBER 2010 ABSTRACT Since the 1970s Aragon has been at the centre of heated controversies over central government proposals to transfer water from the Ebro to Spain’s Mediterranean coastal regions and the scene of numerous mass demonstrations in opposition to these. Throughout the twentieth and early twenty-first centuries the Ebro has been used and perceived by Aragonese regionalism, nationalism and aragonesismo in a variety of ways. This gives rise to the possibility that opposition to the transfer of water from the Ebro goes beyond purely economic and environmental considerations and evokes deeper nationalistic aspects which see it as an essential element of Aragonese identity, patrimonial wealth and natural national heritage. The Ebro had a prominent place in the thinking of the early twentieth century nationalist group as a life-giver and father figure of Aragonese identity and a symbol of territory, homeland, regional development and patrimonial wealth. Later defence of the Ebro against proposed water transfers has been used by Aragonese
    [Show full text]
  • Kateryna Pashkovska
    Cooperative Borderlands: Trafficking Values and Waste Across Nesting Boundaries in Russian Karelia by Kateryna Pashkovska A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Anthropology University of Alberta © Kateryna Pashkovska, 2017 Abstract In my dissertation, I explore the sense of place and the local identity in Petrozavodsk, the capital city of the Republic of Karelia, Russian Federation. We are aware of the geographical and political borders, of those visible dividing lines on the map that insulate ethnic groups and nation states. At the same time, the social and cultural boundaries are harder to notice – they emerge through the sense of discomfort of conflict which signals that an invisible boundary has been crossed. In my research, I address the instances of such boundary crossings in a larger context of local urban life through the ethnographic approach of flânerie as well as through a case study of a joint Russian- Finnish project supported by the Nordic Council of Ministers, W.A.S.T.E.: Waste Awareness, Treatment, Education that was realized in Petrozavodsk from 2011 to 2013. I build a dialogue between social spaces divided by ‘nesting’ (Russian doll-like) borders that are in/congruent with territorial/political borderlines. I attempt to bring together the two approaches to the study of contemporary borders: the more traditional geographical and political approach to borders and an anthropological perspective that stresses the dynamic nature of the border. ii Preface This thesis is an original work by Kateryna Pashkovska. Field research required for this project received research ethics approval from the University of Alberta Research Ethics Board, Project Name “International Cooperation in the Barents Euro-Arctic Region through Joint Social Programs Targeted at Karelian Youth,” study ID Pro00014993, last renewed on 13 October 2015.
    [Show full text]
  • Annual Review of Constitution-Building Processes: 2014
    Annual Review of Constitution-Building Processes: 2014 Annual Review of Constitution- Building Processes: 2014 Annual Review of Constitution- Building Processes: 2014 Lead writers and editors: Melanie Allen Elliot Bulmer Tom Ginsburg Jason Gluck Yasuo Hasebe Yuhniwo Ngenge Roberto Toniatti Contributors: Richard Albert David Landau Kimana Zulueta-Fülscher International IDEA resources on constitution-building processes © International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance 2015 International IDEA Strömsborg SE–103 34 Stockholm Sweden Tel: +46 8 698 37 00, fax: +46 8 20 24 22 [email protected] www.idea.int The electronic version of this publication is available under a Creative Commons Attribute-NonCommercial- ShareAlike 3.0 (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0) licence. You are free to copy, distribute and transmit the publication as well as to remix and adapt it provided it is only for non-commercial purposes, that you appropriately attribute the publication, and that you distribute it under an identical licence. For more information on this licence see <http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/>. International IDEA publications are independent of specific national or political interests. The views expressed in this publication do not necessarily represent the views of International IDEA, its Board or its Council members. Graphic and cover design by Turbo Design Cover photograph: ‘Euromaidan at night, 18 January 2014’ (Teteria Sonnna/Flickr) Printed by Trydells Tryckeri ISBN: 978-91-7671-030-2 Contents Preface .........................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Elena Jarocinska Thesis
    Political Economy of Intergovernmental Grants Elena Jarocińska Universitat Pompeu Fabra Doctoral Thesis Advisor: Robin Hogarth Co-Advisor: Teresa Garcia-Milà June, 2006 Keywords: Distributive politics, intergovernmental grants, discretionary grants, Russia, Spain, swing voters, loyal voters, voting behaviour, multiparty electoral systems, bi- dimensional political preferences Dipòsit legal: B.54190-2006 ISBN: 978-84-690-3510-8 2 Contents ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................................................................... 4 FOREWORD................................................................................................................................................. 5 1 ARE INTERGOVERNMENTAL GRANTS TACTICAL? THE EVIDENCE FROM RUSSIA 7 1.1 INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................................. 8 1.2 FINANCIAL FLOWS BETWEEN THE FEDERAL CENTER AND REGIONS ............................................ 9 1.3 TACTICAL GRANTS: FORMULATING HYPOTHESES ..................................................................... 13 1.4 EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS ................................................................................................................ 17 1.4.1 Empirical Methodology ........................................................................................................ 17 1.4.2 Data and Variable Description ...........................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Rebel Governance in De Facto States∗
    Rebel Governance in De Facto States∗ Adrian Florea, University of Glasgow adrian.fl[email protected] Abstract De facto states, such as Somaliland (Somalia), are unrecognized separatist enclaves that display many characteristics of statehood but lack an international legal status. To gain domestic and external legit- imacy, these actors engage in a wide range of governance practices: they set up separate military and police forces, separate executive, legislative, and judicial branches, separate hospitals, schools, banks, or social security networks. Besides bolstering their legitimacy with local and foreign audiences, an ex- tensive governance apparatus yields various payoffs: it facilitates recruitment and resource mobilization, signals commitment to local rule, helps the hegemonic rebel faction eliminate internal competitors and consolidate a violence monopoly, or contributes to the internationalization of the dispute. In spite of the obvious gains that can be accrued through the establishment of a complex governance architecture, de facto states exhibit great variation in the range of statelike institutions that they build: some, like People’s Republic of Luhansk (Ukraine) put together a rudimentary governance apparatus, while others, like Transnistria (Moldova), manage to construct a complex system of rule. What might explain the variation in governance practices across these separatist enclaves? Using original data, this study offers an empirical examination of several environmental and organizational factors that shape de facto state leaders’ incentives to supply governance. The findings reveal that separatists in de facto states are less likely to provide governance when they have access to lootable natural resources and when warfare is ongoing, but are more likely to do so when they control relatively immobile assets, when they receive substantial external military support, when peacekeepers are present, when they adopt a Marxist ide- ology, and when they rule over a concentrated minority.
    [Show full text]
  • Becoming National
    P BECOMING NATIONAL A READER Edited by Geoff Eley and Ronald Grigor Suny New York Oxford OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 1996 The Origins of Nations 107 Against this fashionable view, the so-called "primordialists" argued for the "reality" of nations, and the almost "natural" quality of ethnic belonging. Na- tional sentiment is no construct, it has a real, tangible, mass base. At its root is a feeling of kinship, of the extended family, that distinguishes national from every The Origins of Nations other kind of group sentiment (Connor 1978; Fishman 1980; Smith 1981a, pp. 63-86; Horowitz 1985, pp. 55-92; Stack 1986, pp. 1-11). Clearly, our investigation of the origins of nations cannot proceed far, until this fundamental question of whether the nation be viewed as construct or real historical process is resolved. The second question is linked to the first. I have emphasized the importance, indeed the indispensability, of nations in the modern era and the modern world. The question arises whether it is fundamental in other eras and pre-modern Anyone exploring the shape and origins of the modern world must soon stumble worlds. Was there "nationalism" in antiquity? Can we find "nations" in medi- on the power and ubiquity of nations. In a sense, nothing so clearly marks out eval Europe or Asia? In part, of course, the answer will hinge on our definition the modem era and defines our attitudes and sentiments as national consciousness of the nation; but equally, it will reflect our reading of the global historical pro- and nationalist ideology. Not only in everyday political and social life, but also cess.
    [Show full text]
  • The Politics of War: Race, Class, and Conflict in Revolutionary Virginia
    W&M ScholarWorks Arts & Sciences Articles Arts and Sciences 2009 The Politics of War: Race, Class, and Conflict in Revolutionary Virginia Robert G. Parkinson William & Mary Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/aspubs Recommended Citation Parkinson, R. G. (2009). The Politics of War: Race, Class, and Conflict in Revolutionary Virginia–By Michael A. McDonnell. Historian, 71(1), 120-121. This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Arts and Sciences at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Arts & Sciences Articles by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. © 2009 Phi Alpha Theta BOOK REVIEWS EDITORIAL OFFICE: Elliott Hall IV, Ohio Wesleyan University; Delaware, OH 43015. TELEPHONE: 740-368-3642. Facsimile: 740-368-3643. E-MAIL ADDRESS: [email protected] WEB ADDRESS: http://go.owu.edu/~brhistor EDITOR RICHARD SPALL Ohio Wesleyan University REGIONAL SUB-EDITORS Robert Dietle Richard B. Allen (Modern Western Europe) (Africa, Middle East, and South Asia) Western Kentucky University Framingham State College Douglas R. Bisson Betty Dessants (Early Modern Europe) (United States Since 1865) Belmont University Shippensburg University Helen S. Hundley Nigel Kennell & Stefanie Kennell (Russia and Eastern Europe) (Ancient World) Wichita State University Memorial University of Newfoundland Jose C. Moya Paulette L. Pepin (Latin America) (Medieval Europe) University of California at Los Angeles University of New Haven Susan
    [Show full text]