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SOOS December 2017 SOUTHERN ONTARIO ORCHID SOCIETY NEWS December 2017, Volume 52, Issue 11 Meeting since 1965 Next Meeting Sunday, December 3 , Floral Hall of the Toronto Botanical Garden. No Cultural snapshots . Vendor sales noon to 1pm Program at 1 pm: Our annual auction of plants, orchid related items and surprises. If at all possible please preregister your contributions with Liz Mc Alpine, phone 416-487-7832, ([email protected]). Also don’t forget to bring a favourite food item for our pot luck after the auction. No Member plant table. No Raffle President’s Remarks Welcome Orchid The next show on the docket is our show on February 11-12, 2018, so groom and baby your plants so that they Enthusiasts, Our December meeting is fast will be ready to shine in the New Year. approaching, and we are feverishly preparing for our live auction, silent auction and pot luck meal. Our future speaker and festivities are as follows: Please consider if you have any plants, books, growing rd materials, and any other orchid related (or even non- December 3 : Annual auction and orchid related) items that you might be able to donate. If pot luck th you could let Liz McAlpine ( [email protected] ) January 7 : Preparing your know what you may be donating ahead of time, it will plants for the “big show” make life much easier for her on the December 3rd January 28th: Pest and Diseases auction day. Now is also the time to get your 2018 SOOS memberships. If Once the excitement of the auction is over, we will you purchase your membership in December you will have a celebrate the holiday season with a “pot luck” meal. chance to win the draw for a blooming orchid at our January Please bring your favorite dish that can be eaten with a meeting. You must be in attendance to win the orchid draw, so knife, fork or fingers, to share with others. Come out and if your name is chosen and you are not in attendance, we will join us, and remember to “keep some room” for all of draw again until a winner is chosen. those tasty treats that our members continue to surprise us with. Thank you to those members whose names which begin with . the letters To through Z that supplied treats for the November Remember there will be no show table, no members' meeting. sales table, and no raffle for December. There will however be vendors’ tables. As you know, SOOS is a volunteer run Remember to bring your wallets, purses, fanny packs, organization, so please consider donating money clips, cheque books…. so that you can get that some of your precious time to your orchid perfect gift for friends, neighbors, family, loved ones OR YOURSELF!! society to assist in its operations. We will be electing a Board of Directors for the The fall show season is now behind us with the Essex County Show, in Kingsville now in the books. A big 2018-2019 term at our December meeting, “thank you” to the members who made their plants and this is your chance to help shape the available, and to Don Wyatt who collected the plants and future of SOOS. Please see or contact designed the display. John Vermeer for details, if you are willing to help out. 7, SOOS meeting, Toronto Botanical Garden, sales Our show committee can also always use 12 noon, program 1 pm, Floral Hall 7, Quebec City show. more help, please see or contact Peter 14-15, Toronto Artistic Orchid Society show, Poot at any time. Toronto. 21-22, Ottawa Orchid Society Show and Montreal AOS judging. Happy Orchiding, John Vermeer for Laura Liebgott A synopsis of a presentation “Secrets of Questions or comments: Please contact me at: our Wild Orchids”, by Marilyn Light, as [email protected] or 905 883 5290 transcribed by Inge Poot Our speaker has been interested in orchids since she was twelve years old, all leading back to the time her Coming Events 2017 dad showed her a yellow ladyslipper orchid growing in the wild. (How influential parents can be! Your December transcriber has a similar history for her interest in and 2, TJC Monthly AOS Judging at TBG. respect for orchids originating from the age of five– 3, SOOS meeting, Toronto Botanical Garden, sales when her mother showed her an almost black Nigritella 12 noon, program 1 pm, Floral Hall nigra in one of the alpine meadows near their house 9, Monthly Montreal AOS judging, Jardin botanique de and impressed on her that this flower must not be Montreal. picked since it was rare and endangered). January 2018 At present Marilyn can see orchids just by walking into nearby Gatineau Park from her home in Ottawa. There 6, TJC Monthly AOS Judging at TBG. she was able to observe Epipactis helleborine and learn 7, SOOS meeting, Toronto Botanical Garden, sales 12 noon, program 1 pm, Floral Hall all about pollination ecology. Going a little further 20, Monthly Montreal AOS judging, Jardin botanique de afield, Ottawa is fortunate to be near Purdon Fen where Montreal. the Showy Ladyslipper, Cypripedium reginae reigns 28, SOOS meeting, Toronto Botanical Garden, sales supreme with a wonderfully dense stand of the plants 12 noon, program 1 pm, Floral Hall whose pouches come in all shades of white, pink and deep rose. February In the 1980’s Marilyn was happy to be able to study a 9 SOOS Show setup TBG colony of about 200 yellow ladyslipper plants and also 10-11 SOOS Annual Show, TBG. work with a colleague in Florida studying the rose 17, Monthly Montreal AOS judging, Jardin botanique de Pogonia. Montreal. Spiranthes cernua is another plant Marilyn was able to 24-25, Royal Botanical Gardens Orchid study. It is found in colonies on the acid sandy shores of Society Annual Show. lakes in granitic environments such as the Canadian Shield and Killarney Provincial Park. (Photo: Dr Tom Ott March & OW Library) 3 , TJC Monthly AOS Judging at TBG. 4 , SOOS meeting, Toronto Botanical Garden, sales 12 noon, program 1 pm, Floral Hall 8-11, AOS Member’s Meeting, Santa Barbara Orchid Show. 17-18, London Orchid Society Show, London, Ontario 22-25, Manitoba Orchid Society Show, Winnipeg. 23-25, Rochester Orchid Show, NY. 24-25, Orchid Expo, Montreal. April 1, TJC Monthly AOS Judging at TBG. The upland form of the yellow ladyslipper Cypripedium parviflorum var.pubescens is also found in Ontario and was studied by Marilyn. The genus Cypripedium has seen many name changes. The first plant of the genus described in Canada was then called Calceolus Marianus Canadensis in 1635 by Jacques Cornuti. It was later renamed Cypripedium calceolus, the same as the very similar European species. Later, the species found in North America was determined to be unique (Cypripedium parviflorum) with a varietal name being C. parviflorum variety pubescens, now accepted by the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (see below –photo Peter Poot, OW) The studies that Marilyn Light undertakes try to answer the following questions: The herbarium specimen collected at Cape Norman 1) How do orchids know when to emerge and were determined to have emerged every 2 to 5 years. If upon emergence conditions are not right, there will be bloom? no blooming. Also blooms are initiated two years in advance, so if there are flowers, it means that two years Temperature is a common emergence trigger. Usually ago conditions had to have been right to initiate bud warming trends cause emergence with temperate formation. terrestrials. Another interesting harmony of conditions exists in a Precipitation can be another trigger. If it is too little or too much, nothing happens. When it is just right the peat wetland, investigated by Marilyn in 2014/15. The plant emerges or as the case may be, it blooms. peatland was in a dense woody very wet area that was dangerous to access, because seemingly solid mossy Evolution resulted in the synchronization of blooming areas could have deep holes underneath the and pollinator presence. In the arctic where there are deceptively solid looking moss carpet. no suitable pollinators, orchids relying on those absent The temperature at rhizome level stays at 0 degrees pollinators become self-pollinating. Celsius, even though the air temperature fluctuates For conservation efforts to succeed resources have to quite strongly. In April to June soil gradually warms up be managed. Frost periods, dry times, inundation all and when it gets above 10C the shoot of the orchid will need proper timing. start to grow. Therefore it may be deduced that peatland soil temperature is associated with timing of shoot emergence. An example showing the importance of the proper conditions for flowering to occur is shown by 2) How do pollinators find flowers? What Cypripedium parviflorum (Photo: Peter Poot, OW) in enticements/rewards does the orchid use? Newfoundland at Cape Norman. This species survives marginally in this wind-swept dry habitat exposed to full sun. Insect vision is not like ours. Bees see yellow as In the pink ladyslipper, (Photo: OW Library) Cypripedium magenta. Also they see ultraviolet light and the UV acaule a slightly different scenario takes place. absorbance and reflectance patterns in a flower suggest Bees perceive the contrast between light veins and a the presence of a nectar/pollen reward or resemble darker centre opening/slit where they enter, perhaps to another object. gain shelter to spend the night. A window in the back of the flower makes them think that that is where they A deception used by C. parviflorum var. pubescens is to have to exit in the morning and they have to crawl past emit an odour similar to that used by female ground- the pollinia to do so and they pick up pollinia and may nesting solitary bees (Andrena species such as the deposit the pollinia of another flower at the same time.
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