Volume 1 Heritage Policy Citations Review C162 December 2011
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Heritage Policy Citations Review December 2011 City of Greater Bendigo TABLE OF CONTENTS Project Team iii Acknowledgements iv 1.0 Introduction 1 1.1 Background to Citation Review 1 1.1.1 Previous studies 1 1.1.2 Clause 22.06 ‘Heritage Policy’ 2 2.0 Study area 3 2.1.1 Crown land 4 2.2 Some characteristics of the area 4 2.2.1 Patterns of settlement 4 2.2.2 Gold mining 5 2.2.3 Vernacular construction 7 2.2.4 Eucalyptus distilleries 8 3.0 Existing heritage listings 9 3.1 Victorian Heritage Register 9 3.2 Victorian Heritage Inventory 9 4.0 Methodology 10 4.1 Overview 10 4.1.1 Steering group 10 4.2 Guiding documents 10 4.2.1 Burra Charter 10 4.2.2 VPP Practice Note: Applying the Heritage Overlay 10 4.3 Limitations of study 11 4.3.1 Thematic Environmental History 11 4.3.2 Obscured properties 11 4.3.3 Outbuildings 12 4.3.4 Sites not recommended for the Heritage Overlay 12 4.4 Consultation 13 4.5 Study tasks 13 4.5.1 Historical research 13 4.5.2 Physical survey 13 4.5.3 Assessment 14 4.5.4 Mapping 17 4.6 Format of citations 17 5.0 Study group of properties 17 5.1.1 Properties for which citations have been prepared 19 LOVELL CHEN I 6.0 Recommendations 27 6.1 Sites recommended for nomination to the Victorian Heritage Register 27 6.2 Sites recommended for inclusion in the Victorian Heritage Inventory 27 6.3 Sites recommended for inclusion in the Greater Bendigo Heritage Overlay 27 6.4 Interpretation 27 6.5 Identification of additional places 28 6.6 Identification of further research 31 6.6.1 Vernacular construction technologies 31 6.6.2 Eucalyptus distilleries 31 7.0 Select Bibliography 31 Appendix A Clause 22.06 ‘Heritage Policy’ Attachment Project Brief II LOVELL CHEN Project Team Lovell Chen Architects & Heritage Consultants Pty Ltd: Peter Lovell Anita Brady Adam Mornement LOVELL CHEN III Acknowledgements City of Greater Bendigo Peter Bimpson Andrew Cockerall, Coordinator Strategic Planning Prue Hawkey, Heritage Office Rachel Haynes, Manager Strategy Katie Nolan, Heritage Planner Deon Marks, Parks Victoria (Bendigo Office, Northern Goldfields) Pat McCarthy, Department of Sustainability and Environment Staff of the Goldfields Library, Bendigo Sub-consultants Ray Wallace, historian LOVELL CHEN IV 1.0 Introduction This report has been prepared for the City of Greater Bendigo. It describes the methodology employed in the Bendigo Heritage Policy Citations Review (generally referred to below as the ‘Citations Review’), specifically the approach taken to the assessment and documentation of places of potential heritage significance listed at Clause 22.06 of the Greater Bendigo Planning Scheme (see Appendix A). A copy of the Project Brief is also attached to this report. A separate report (Volume 2) includes citations prepared by Lovell Chen, as a result of the Citations Review. Citations were completed for heritage places recommended for inclusion in the Schedule to the Heritage Overlay, as well as for places not recommended. This is explained in more detail below at Section 5.0, with a summary of the places for which citations have been prepared at Section 5.1.1. In addition a citation was prepared for one property recommended for inclusion in the Victorian Heritage Inventory and not the Heritage Overlay (see Section 3.2). 1.1 Background to Citation Review In 2010, Lovell Chen Architects & Heritage Consultants was engaged by the City of Greater Bendigo to undertake a review of the heritage places listed at Clause 22.06 (‘Heritage Policy’) of the Greater Bendigo Planning Scheme. Core objectives of the study were: · to assess and document the places of local and potential State significance to a standard that satisfies the requirements of a Planning Scheme amendment; · to identify any further work that may be required; and · to input the final data into Heritage Victoria’s HERMES database. 1.1.1 Previous studies In 1993, the (then) Rural City of Marong engaged heritage consultant Andrew Ward to conduct a preliminary heritage assessment of the municipality, with the objective being to identify potential places of post-contact cultural significance. The preliminary assessment identified 284 sites of potential heritage value.1 Ward recommended that data sheets (citations) be prepared for 100 of the identified sites.2 This recommendation essentially formed the core component of the Stage 2 Heritage Study, prepared by Andrew Ward, in association with RPD Group (TBA Planners P/L), Dr Peter Milner and Olsen, Wilkens & Associates, in 1999, although the majority of citations from that study are dated 1998.3 By that time, the majority of the former municipality of Marong had been amalgamated into the City of Greater Bendigo, with an area to the west of the former municipality being placed within the new Loddon Shire. Recommendations of the Stage 2 Heritage Study included the nomination of some of the sites to the Victorian Heritage Register (VHR), with others recommended for inclusion in the (then) Australian Heritage Commission Register of the National Estate, and the Schedule to the Heritage Overlay of the City of Greater Bendigo 1 The Stage 1 report also identified one ‘urban conservation area’, four landscapes and 59 mining sites of potential cultural heritage significance. The mining sites were identified by David Bannear. See, Historic Mining Sites in the Sandhurst, Eaglehawk and Raywood Mining Divisions, prepared by David Bannear, May 1993. 2 Draft City of Greater Bendigo (Marong District) Heritage Study: Stage One Report, Andrew Ward, August 1994, unpaginated. 3 City of Greater Bendigo (Marong) Heritage Study, prepared by Andrew Ward, TBA Planners and Peter Milner, March 1999. LOVELL CHEN 1 Planning Scheme.4 The Register of the National Estate is being phased out, and will cease to function as a register (to which places are added) in 2012. 1.1.2 Clause 22.06 ‘Heritage Policy’ The ‘Heritage Policy’ to the City of Greater Bendigo Planning Scheme (Clause 22.06) establishes the policy basis and objectives as they relate to places identified at Clause 43.01 ‘Heritage Overlay,’ including site-specific Heritage Overlays and sites within a Heritage Overlay precinct. Clause 22.06 also establishes a suite of policies, including the requirement that: Buildings, places or sites not specified in the Heritage Overlay but listed in the attached table are considered to have cultural heritage significance [see Appendix A]. The decision to include these heritage places (x 95) in the local heritage policy, but not in the Schedule to the Heritage Overlay, was taken by the Panel and Advisory Committee established to consider the new format Greater Bendigo Planning Scheme in 1998. The panel issued its report in January 1999, having held a directions hearing at City of Bendigo Offices on 28 September 1998, followed by public hearings in October 1998. The panel noted that: A comprehensive heritage study of the whole municipality is not available, however studies have been undertaken in the former municipalities of Bendigo and Eaglehawk. An indicative study titled – Draft City of Greater Bendigo (Marong District) Heritage Study: Stage One Report is available. The city proposes to rectify the gaps in heritage information by undertaking studies of the Heathcote and Strathfieldsaye districts next year. The balance of the City including Huntly is also scheduled for further study. This works should be identified in the MSS … The Panel has suggested that consideration should be given to developing a local policy listing places of known heritage value which have not been included in the heritage overlay or for which citations have not been completed, to highlight the relevance of consideration of heritage values where a permit is required by other scheme provisions …5 Of the sites listed at Clause 22.06, the majority (x 83) are located within the former municipality of Marong. Citations were prepared for all of these sites as part of the City of Greater Bendigo (Marong) Heritage Study (1999), by Andrew Ward et al, and each was given a ‘proposed map reference’ (i.e.‘HO311’). The latter consultants also gave each of these sites a reference determined by the location (i.e. places in Woodvale were designated ‘W1,’ ‘W2’, etc). These previous citations form the basis of the current Citations Review, and for consistency and clarity, the references adopted for the 1999 study have also been retained in the current study, cited in this report, and reproduced in the new citations. The remaining 12 sites listed at Clause 22.06 (i.e. of the 95 cited above) were located in different areas of the present City of Greater Bendigo (i.e. outside Marong), and comprise a range of places, including sites of potential geological and indigenous significance. 4 City of Greater Bendigo (Marong) Heritage Study, prepared by Andrew Ward, TBA Planners and Peter Milner, March 1999, pp. 14-20. 5 Greater Bendigo, New Format Planning Scheme, Report of the Panel and Advisory Committee, January 1999, p12. See also pp. 45-46. 2 LOVELL CHEN 2.0 Study area The former municipality of Marong existed from 1861 to 1994. It covered an area of 1,488.93 sq km, from the Bendigo urban area in the east, to the Loddon River in the west; and from the former Ravenswood (Mount Alexander) Run in the south, to Raywood in the north (Figure 1). Figure 1 Map of the former municipality of Marong. Source: Shire of Marong 1864-1964, Shire of Marong, 1964 (introduction). LOVELL CHEN 3 The municipality was established following a public meeting held in Eaglehawk on 18 June 1861, at which local landholders petitioned for the establishment of a District Road Board.6 Local government commenced with the creation of the Marong Road District on 27 August 1861.