Environmental Impact Study Executive Summary
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AEP_ Vo.. =/ Public Disclosure Authorized G W 9. ,u, < r-B SUGAR N~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~d.N ~~!~~~ es~~~<~~ V>~~~~ta QdciNe~~~~~Utica - '~~ ~ ~ . A~~ipann / ,T F~~~~~~~~~acctctiva Vg " - rncisQo3Sn f' Public Disclosure Authorized SALGAR CONCESSIONhM PROJE ARCA c~~ico~ ~ ~ ,.-~~~~~San Cayetnom Public Disclosure Authorized SAN ~TAF4 DE BOCOTA,ENVIRONMENTAL D.C. ~ IMPACT STUDY C H 1t7 EXECUTIVESUMMARY SA/An DE BOGOTA,/ Public Disclosure Authorized REPUBLICOF COLOMBIA MINISTRYOF TRANSPORT NATIONALROADS INSTITUTE PHASE III STUDIES: TOBIAGRANDE - PUERTO SALGAR CONCESSION PROJECT ENVIRONMENTALIMPACT STUDY EXECUTIVESUMMARY ENRIQUE DAVILA LOZANO - E.D.L. LTDA. CONSULTANT ENGINEERS SANTAFEDE BOGOTA,D.C. MARCH1997 EXECUTIVESUMMARY TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1. DESCRIPTIONOF PROJECT 1.1. Background 1.2. Areas of Influence 1.3. Route 1.4. Technical Features 2. ENVIRONMENTALFEATURES OF THE REGION 2.1. Geology 2.2. Hydrology 2.3. Soils 2.4. Climate 2.5. Vegetation Cover and Land Use 2.6. Limnology 2.7. Socio-Economic Aspects 2.8. Archaeology 3. IMPACTEVALUATION 3.1. Geophysical Component 3.2. Hydrological Component 3.3. Biotic Component 3.4. Property Component 4. ENVIRONMENTALMANAGEMENT PLAN 4.1. General Information 4.2. Relocation of Ecopetrol Multiple Pipeline 4.3. Final Disposal of Building Waste Material 4.4. Relocation of Cambras River 4.5. Negro River Canyon Forestry Reserve 4.6. Planting of Earthwork Slopes 4.7. Cutting Slope Grassing Programme 4.8. Tree-Planting Landscaping Programme 4.9. Social Management 4.10. Archaeological Rescue Work 4.11. Follow-Up and Monitoring 5. BUDGETAND EXECUTIONSCHEDULE 1 INTRODUCTION This document summarizes the EnvironmentalStudies carried out for the 68.44km.-long TOBIAGRANDE - PUERTO SALGAR road, in the west of CundinamarcaDepartment in the Republic of Colombia. Figure No. 1 shows the location of the projectand its area of influence. The document has been drawn up within the framework of Colombian law, especially Law 99 of 1993 and Regulatory Decree 1753 of 1994 on this, relating to Environmental Licences. The information contained herein is aimed at internationalorganizations and multilateralbanking entities. A generaldescription is given of the project,with the base line, followed by an environmentalevaluation and details of the EnvironmentalManagement Plan, which is presented by programme and specific activity. The documentation consists of the Environmental Studies themselves, an Annex containing Tables and Figures, this Executive Summary, and a Booklet of Plans on EnvironmentalMatters. 1. DESCRIPTIONOF PROJECT 1.1. BACKGROUND This road has its origins in the 1953 Bogota - Medellin highway; part of this was actually built, while the remainder is the subject of this study. The firm INGETEC S.A. carried out constructiondesign studies in 1983, and these were complementedin 1993. In 1996, the firm ENRIQUEDAVILA LOZANO - E.D.L. LTDA. producedthe Phase IlIl studies. An EnvironmentalLicence for building the road has already been granted by the Ministry of the Environment, and this is contained in Resolution 1420 dated 17th December 1996. The Concessionaire will be responsible for obtaining permits relating to the Water Concession, Pourings, Air Part and Land Use (Asphalt Plant), and Forestry Exploitation.Annex C contains the Corporaci6n Aut6noma Regional de Cundinamarca - CAR - forms that should be used when applyingfor these permits. 2 1.2. AREAS OF INFLUENCE Three kinds of area of influence have been identified: an Area of Direct Influence, which correspondsto a right of way no more than 60 metres wide; an Area of Indirect Influence, which relates to camps, sources of materials, and river and stream crossings; and an Area of Socio-EconomicInfluence, which covers the towns of Nimaime, Quebradanegra, Utica, Guaduas, Caparrapi and Puerto Salgar,all in CundinamarcaDepartment. 1.3. ROUTE The route starts at K71+500 on the Bogota - La Vega - Villeta road, at a height of 767 metres above sea level. It runs along the right bank of the Villeta river as far as Miquera, at which point it crosses the river and the railway line by means of a bridge466.21 metres long before entering a tunnel 6.047 metres in length. It then reaches the site known as La Abuela, after which it follows the right bank of the Quebradanegrastream as far as the town of Utica. Before it reachesthe built-up area of Utica, it turns in a westerly directionand follows the left bank of the Negro River as far as the outskirtsof Guaduero.8 tunnels are envisaged on this section, with lengths of between 175 metres and 1,240 metres,and 7 bridges varying between 35 metres and 180 metres long; the bridge over the Negro Riverwill be 275 metres. Between Guaduero and K22, the road runs along the right bank of the Negro River, and from this point onwards along its left bank. Two tunnels are envisaged on the Guaduero - Dindal section, one 490 metres long and the other 5,200 metres in length. The terrain is rugged and highly dissected from Cambras onwards, with 12 bridges envisaged between 25 metres and 90 metres long, and four tunnels of lengths that vary between 230 metres and 1,110 metres.Towards the end of the route, the terrain becomes flat, and the road will join the Magdalena Trunk Route 4.1 kilometresnorth of Puerto Salgar, at a height of 176 metres above sea level. 1.4. TECHNICALFEATURES The whole route is 68.44 kilometreslong. The road is designed to have the specificationsdefined in Law 105 of 1993 for national roads in Colombia.The 3 0JUf _ LOCATION OF THE PROJECT cEIU BRIDGES 6 ' _ -o n - A fAn No. STATION SPAM No. STATION SPANi 7 40,.8 400 440400 40 . 40.50 t 0 M 0485 760 ° <22 N I - . 0.007~Km. ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ CNOMN 00000 894-INA 004 m 007 m( UNE) 07 K 533 m 0000 1.00.1 TED 85 0355~ 0700 ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~~~~RJETAE !-M[E 4 gOnD2 2- |28 2____ g 21 KmNR(4OUNEL) BI45Km 127GTOTAL0,0 K FI+NAL1 CA ECAT-70 NOR 0< S TUNNROAS - FTC SURARFA3CE+ CD604270K.. lnsp/ Pal. do ~~~~~~~~~~~~~0.9400Km.. TIA-UIA 864K 607K.(TNEL 062K. 35K. KO00 15861 TOBIA- PU0ICLAR § 0.400 K-+( 9 tile Km- §023060 K + AUR - +ABA +360 ~ ( UNL +.52.0 . 2.0 ~ 1,0 410~7 GAUR A _~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~SU SETORI SURFACE TOUIEADURR0 DE TOSTA.L a INITAL 85544 SECT R-RRO.. 1 140K- ~ ~ ~ 10 (1 1.110 K- in- m mi T6+ +~~~~~~+ S iS iS 2 L~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~OONUN OF IN PiwjT ITORlA Lm00 +U.DUXLIDMKCABA iPO. SALGAR__ __ crown width is 11 metres, design speed is 70 km./hour, and the average gradient is 5%. The first stage envisages one carriageway with two lanes; the second carriagewayshould be built in year ten of the concession.Tunnels are to be built by the TBM technique (Tunnel Boring Machine), which drills and stabilizes,thereby reducing the loweringof water levelsto a minimum. 2. ENVIRONMENTALFEATURES OF THE REGION 2.1. GEOLOGY The geology of the area of influenceof the project is sedimentaryin origin, with ages that range from the Lower Cretaceousto the UpperTertiary, and it is partially but extensivelycovered with Quaternarystrata of soil of alluvial and colluvialorigin. The Vertical Electrical Soundings (VES) made for the study enabled the geological stratigraphy to be identified and water-bearingstrata on tunnel routes to be located. 2.2. HYDROLOGY The study zone forms part of the MagdalenaRiver Macro-Basin,and it lies in the basin of the Negro River; it consists of the Pinal and Rote streams, the Pata river and the Negra stream. 2.3. SOILS There is a rich mosaic of soils belongingto the following associationsin the area of influenceof the road: Tobia, Mamey,Salinas, Cientocinco,La llusi6n, Furatena, La Mina, Tapias, Alto de Torres, Sama, Utica, Los Naranjos, Guaduero, Versalles, Nacional, Calamboima,El Prado, El Hatillo, Guamal, C6rdoba, Yasal, El lngenio, San Gil, Matarrat6n,Tabl6n, Cambras,Gradas, Matecana,Guayacana, El Molino, Montecristoand Palogrande. 4 2.4. CLIMATE Climate features for the zone of influence of the project are based on information from the IDEAM' weather stations at PalanqueroAirport (in the town of Puerto Salgar), Yacopi and Utica. The results of climatological variables correspond to the following life zones under the Holdridge classificationsystem: Dry Tropicalforest (bs-T); PremontaneWet Forest with transition to warm and Premontane Wet Forest (bs-PM). Average temperaturesare 280Cin PuertoSalgar and 210C in Yacopi. Average annual rainfallis 2,152 mm. in PuertoSalgar, 2,710 mm. in Yacopi, and 1,340 mm. in Utica;the pluviometricsystem in the region is of the bimodal type. 2.5. VEGETATIONCOVER AND LANDUSE The vegetation cover in the region is mainly the last remains of native forest (PrimaryForest; SecondaryForest) in high mountain areas, to which access is generally difficult; these areas will not be affected by the development of the project. Galleryforests (Primaryand/or Secondary)are to be found in the environmentalcorridor, together with crops, stubble and pastureland. 2.6. LIMNOLOGY The physical-chemicalstudy enabled water to be classified into two basic types: that affected directly and indirectly by black shales (Negro river and Negra stream) and that influenced by a different type of rock (Bermeja, Dionisio and Cambras streams). The results of the physical-chemicaland biologicalevaluation showed that water quality was good, accordingto I.C.A2. The biologicalclassification showed 949 individualsbelonging to 92 species, with benthos the most abundant (34%), followed by phytoplankton (28%), periphyton(22%), neuston(11%), nekton(4%) and zooplankton(1%). 2.7. SOCIO-ECONOMICASPECTS At socio-economiclevel, the towns and villages of Nimaima, Quebradanegra, Utica, Guaduas,Caparrapi and Puerto Salgar will be affected by the building and operationof the project, as the road will run near the centre of Utica and the Guaduero, Dindal and Cambras Police Inspection. Other towns and villages, such as Nocaima,Pefa and Vergara, will benefit from improved land I Enviroment studies Institute. 2 Enviroment Quality Index. 5 communications that will make integration with regional developments possible.