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Blambangan People's Resistance to Voc Year 1767-1773

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Blambangan People's Resistance to Voc Year 1767-1773 Santhet: Jurnal Sejarah, Pendidikan Dan Humaniora Vol. 3, No. 2, Oktober 2019, pp. 46-55 Available online at https://ejournal.unibabwi.ac.id/index.php/santhet DOI: Research Article e-ISSN: 2541-6130 p-ISSN: 2541-2523 BLAMBANGAN PEOPLE'S RESISTANCE TO VOC YEAR 1767-1773 PERLAWANAN RAKYAT BLAMBANGAN TERHADAP VOC TAHUN 1767-1773 Ahmad Ferdi Abdullah Guru SMP Darul Qur'an Bumiharjo Glenmore [email protected] (*) Corresponding Author +62 813-3370-0507 How to Cite: ferdi (2019). Title of article. Santhet, 3(2), 46- 55 doi: Abstract Received : 21Juni 2019 This research is motivated to find out the extent of Blambangan people's struggle Revised : 28 September 2019 in dealing with voc using a qualitative research approach to the study of literature Accepted: 19 Oktober2019 and interviews. the results of the study showed that the Blambangan kingdom suffered the consequences VOC power which tortures the people through its Keywords: Rakyat; monopil, this is the cause of people's resistance. To be able to answer that Blambangan; problem, this study aims to describe the resistance of the people of Blambangan VOC; against the VOC in 1767 1773. Specifically, this study aims to find out (1) the people of Blambangan make a fight against the VOC. (2) the factors that caused the people of Blambangan to resist the VOC. (3) the impact of resistance to the VOC in Blambangan. To achieve these research objectives, the research method that I use is a type of historical research with data collection techniques through library research sourced from books, documentation and observations. Meanwhile, to analyze the data the authors used source criticism techniques both externally and internally, after that the authors conducted the analysis. From the results of this analysis the authors reference in answering the problems in this study. The results of the study showed that the Blambangan Rakyat Resistance was led by two great figures of his time, who had many followers, namely Wong Agung Willis and Mas Rempeg (Jagapati). Agung Willis's position in Blambangan became stronger when Mas Anom and Mas Weka, two Blambangan regents appointed by the Company decided to join him, the Dutch expected Blambangan to increase because ethnic Chinese and Bugis joined him, with this power the resistance succeeded in winning even though in the end Agung Willis was captured and Mas Rempeg was injured and later died. sejarah yang ada. Meskipun demikian, PENDAHULUAN sejarah di Indonesia memiliki potensi yang Sejarah pasti dimiliki oleh setiap luar biasa dan harus digali dan diteliti oleh daerah tidak terkecuali di Indonesia, di generasi muda di indonesia supaya bangsa Indonesia sendiri terdapat beragam sejarah kita kedepanya bisa mencintai sejarah yang menjadikan indonesia memiliki banyak bangsanya sendiri karena kita sebenarnya suku bangsa. Namun, pada era ini sudah kaya akan sejarah terutama banyaknya sangat sulit menemukan orang yang masih sejarah- sejarah lokal disetiap daerah di mengetahui tentang sejarah dikarenakan Indonesia. kurang menariknya sejarah Indonesia masa Pada masa kini, sejarah akan dapat lalu yang berakibat banyaknya sejarah dipahami oleh generasi penerus dari asing yang cenderung lebih menarik seperti masyarakat yang terdahulu sebagai suatu sejarah peradaban Yunani dan Peradaban cermin untuk menuju kemajuan dalam Persia sehingga menggeser keberadaan kehidupan bermasyarakat, berbangsa, dan 46 Santhet: Jurnal Sejarah, Pendidikan Dan Humaniora Vol. 3, No. 2, Oktober 2019, pp. 46-55 Available online at https://ejournal.unibabwi.ac.id/index.php/santhet DOI: Research Article e-ISSN: 2541-6130 p-ISSN: 2541-2523 bernegara. Peristiwa yang terjadi pada Kedatangan Belanda ke Ujung Timur masa lampau akan memberi kita Jawa diawali oleh ketidak merataan populasi gambaran tentang kehidupan manusia dan penduduk di pulau Jawa. Hal ini dapat dilihat kebudayaannya di masa lampau sehingga dari jumlah penduduk yang padat di daerah dapat merumuskan hubungan sebab Jawa bagian barat sementara di daerah akibat mengapa suatu peristiwa dapat Jawa bagian timur jumlah penduduknya terjadi dalam kehidupan tersebut, walaupun sangat sedikit. Penyebaran penduduk yang belum tentu setiap peristiwa atau kejadian tidak merata tersebutsalah satunya akan tercatat dalam sejarah. disebabkan oleh sikap Belanda yang tidak Selain sejarah nasional yang kita ramah sehingga sering mendapat kenal sekarang ini, telah berkembang pula perlawanan dari penduduk setempat. istilah baru dalam ilmu sejarah, yakni sejarah Kemudian muncullah gagasan untuk lokal. Studi sejarah lokal ini terkait erat melakukan penguasaan terhadap daerah dengan tradisi lisan dan tertulis di Timur Pulau Jawa yaitu Blambangan yang masyarakat. Sejarah yang kita miliki bermula pada abad 18 merupakan wilayah berasal dan sejarah lokal. Babad, tambo, kekuasaan Mataram. Belanda tidak dengan hikayat dan sebagainya yang menceritakan mudah menguasai daerah timur Jawa, asal usul suatu daerah tertentu, sebetulnya karena pada pertengahan abad 18 Inggris sudah merupakan tradisi penulisan sejarah juga mulai melirik kawasan timur Jawa daerah tertentu, dari sejarah lokal ini dalam rangka ingin mencari komoditas bagi penulis ingin meneliti tentang sejarah lokal perdagangan Inggris (Margana, yang ada di kerajaan Blambangan yang 2012:2) sekarang bernama Banyuwangi. Masyarakat Banyuwangi yang dalam Banyuwangi, kabupaten ujung timur pulau konteks kesejarahan dikenal dengan Jawa, tak bisa dipisahkan dengan nama masyarakat Blambangan, memiliki banyak Blambangan. Karena secara historis di tokoh local yang tercatat berjuang dan Banyuwangilah kekuasaan kerajaan berkorban melawan penjajah VOC dan Blambangan terakhir berada. Sebuah Hindia Belanda. Salah satu tokoh local yang kerajaan yang sering luput dari perhatian eksist berjuang melawan VOC dan Belanda para ahli sejarah. Lebih kuat kesanya adalah Pangeran Wilis atau dikenal Wong sebagai dongeng dari pada kenyataan Agung Wilis. sejarah. Padahal Blambangan memiliki Mempelajari tokoh local sejarah peranan yang berarti dalam percaturan seringkali menjadi pelajaran yang tidak politik sosial budaya di Jawa dan Bali menarik bagi sebagian generasi muda pada khususnya. Sering tidak disadari sekarang. Mengetahui perjuangan tokoh bahwa kerajaan Blambangan adalah local daerah dianggap tidak memiliki kerajaan yang semasa kerajaan Majapahit peranan penting bagi masa depan generasi bahkan dua abad lebih panjang umurnya. muda sekarang. Sering kali tokoh local Blambangan adalah kerajaan yang paling hanya menjadi obrolan dikalangan orang tua gigih bertahan terhadap serangan Mataram saja, generasi muda lebih senang dan VOC serta Blambanganlah kerajaan membicarakan tokoh-tokoh superhero yang yang paling akhir ditaklukkan penjajah berasal dari luar negeri dibandingkan Belanda di Pulau Jawa. Akibat peperangan membicarakan tokoh local daerah yang telah yang tiada henti baik dengan Mataram, Bali berkorban dan berjasa di daerahnya. maupun Belanda menyebabkan tanah Untuk membangun daerah diperlukan Blambangan kehilangan penduduk dalam sumber daya alam dan sumber daya jumlah besar, baik meninggal karena manusia. Sumber daya alam diperoleh dari peperangan maupun sebagai tawanan kekayaan alam sedangkan sumber daya perang, sedemikian rupa hingga kejayaan di manusia diperoleh dari kekayaan nilai-nilai masa lampau terlupakan (Winarsih, 1995:1- dan karakter unggul yang dapat dijadikan 2). sebagai modal untuk membangun daerahnya. Salah satu nilai dan karakter 47 Santhet: Jurnal Sejarah, Pendidikan Dan Humaniora Vol. 3, No. 2, Oktober 2019, pp. 46-55 Available online at https://ejournal.unibabwi.ac.id/index.php/santhet DOI: Research Article e-ISSN: 2541-6130 p-ISSN: 2541-2523 yang dibutuhkan sebagai modal temporal penelitian ini adalah mulai tahun pembangunan adalah nilai dan karakter 1767 sampai tahun1773 . Tahun 1767 kepahlawanan. dijadikan batas awal karena pada tahun ini Kurangnya pengetahuan terhadap adalah awal terjadinya Perlawanan yang nilai-nilai kepahlawanan tokoh local ini, dipimpin oleh Agung Willis. Sedangkan menyebabkan hilangnya nilai-nilai tahun 1773 dijadikan sebagai batas akhir keteladanan yang dapat dicontoh dari para karena Perlawanan di Blambangan berakhir pahlawan kita sendiri. Tidak adanya nilai- pada tahun itu. nilai keteladanan ini menyebabkan lunturnya Berdasarkan latar belakang di atas nilai cinta tanah air (patriotisme) dan penulis tertarik untuk mengkaji dan hilangnya nilai kebangsaan (nasionalisme) menganalisis mengenai terjadinya dikalangan generasi muda. Perlawanan Rakyat dengan dipimpin oleh Kerajaan Blambangan merupakan Agung Willis Dan Rempeg Jagapati yang kerajaan Hindu terakhir di Jawa. Kerajaan penulis rumuskan dalam judul “Perlawanan ini lahir pada 1295, dua tahun setelah Rakyat Blambangan Terhadap VOC Tahun Majapahit berdiri. Raja Majapahit Raden 1767-1773” Wijaya memberikan "Istana Timur" ini . kepada Arya Wiraraja (Adipati Sumenep) METODE PENELITIAN dengan ibu kota di Lumajang karena ia telah Metode merupakan cara yang paling membantu perjuangan mendirikan efektif dan efisien dalam melakukan Majapahit. Setelah keruntuhan Majapahit penelitian sesuai dengan masalah yang pada abad ke-15, Kerajaan Blambangan dikaji. Metode yang digunakan dalam mampu bertahan hingga abad ke-18. Namun penulisan skripsi ini adalah metode historis. riwayat Kerajaan Blambangan tak pernah Metode historis adalah proses menguji dan disebut dalam sejarah nasional menganalisa secara kritis rekaman dan Indonesia. Selama ini, masih sedikit peninggalan masa lampau dan hasilnya sejarawan yang meneliti Blambangan. berupa rekonstruksi
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