DOCSLIB.ORG

Genitourinary Pathology (Including Renal Tumors)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Genitourinary Pathology (Including Renal Tumors) 210A ANNUAL MEETING ABSTRACTS Results: Strictures were characterized by a mean 2.3-fold increase in overall mural thickness and by 2.6- and 1.8-fold increases in the areas occupied by smooth muscle and Genitourinary Pathology collagen, respectively. Approximately half the increase in wall thickness was attributable to a mean 22-fold expansion of the muscularis mucosae (MM) from 2.2±1.6% to (including Renal tumors) 16.5±10.1% of the total mural thickness and the remainder of the increase to expansions of the internal layer of muscularis propria (MP-I) and submucosa (SM). The external 845 PTEN and p27 Loss Differ Among Morphologic Patterns of layer of the muscularis propria was similar in thickness and composition to controls. Prostate Cancer Microscopically, the expanded MM featured (1) architectural disarray, (2) myocyte Daniel W Abbott, Shira Ronen, Amrou Abdelkader, Anjishnu Banerjee, Yayun Xu, hyperplasia and (3) pericellular collagen fibers. In contrast, the thickened MP-I featured Oleksandr Kravtsov, Ken A Iczkowski. Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI. (1) preserved muscular architecture, (2) no pericellular collagen fibers, and (3) widened Background: The presence and amount of cribriform prostate cancer (Cribr.) versus intramuscular septa with increased collagen. The SM exhibited fibrosis in continuity other Gleason 4 cancer are associated with increased recurrence (PMID:21685037) with the intramuscular septa. Additionally, submucosal arteries and veins frequently and cancer death (PMID:25189638). PTEN loss inactivates cell cycle inhibitor p27/ exhibited eccentric fibromuscular hyperplasia which was polarized toward the mucosa. Kip1 (PMID:11175795): both prognostically adverse events, whose correlation with Conclusions: Stricturing Crohn’s ileitis is characterized by distinctive fibromuscular morphology has not been studied in detail. alterations in the individual intestinal wall layers. These alterations may reflect Design: Selected whole slides from 46 cancer specimens with Cribr. were differential mesenchymal responses to luminal-based and transmural inflammatory immunostained (IHC) for PTEN or p27. A subset of 15 cases was studied by chromogenic stimuli. The implications for stricture pathogenesis may help guide progress toward in situ hybridization (ISH, RNAscope®, Advanced Cell Diag.) using probe to PTEN prevention and therapy. or CDKN1B (to detect p27). To analyze both IHC and ISH, for each Gleason (Gl.) morphologic subtype, 2-3 JPG 400x images were captured, and (after editing out stroma) the fraction of tumor epithelium positive was digitally assessed using Axiovision Release 844 Constrictive Strictures in Crohn’s Ileitis 4.7.1. For IHC, 0-0.1 was assigned 0, >0.1-0.4 was 1+, >0.4-0.7 was 2+, >0.7 was 3+. Xiaofei Zhang, Huai-Bin Mabel Ko, Zhenjian Cai, Hongfa Zhu, Alexandros D Statistical analysis for IHC used the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test (10 comparisons, Polydorides, Noam Harpaz. Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY. significant if p<0.005). ISH used fixed effects for morphology and random effects for Background: Ileal strictures in Crohn’s disease (CD) classically present as segmental each patient (significant: p<0.05). regions of mural thickening, “rubber-hose” rigidity and luminal narrowing, features Results: IHC: that correspond microscopically to fibromuscular, lymphoid or neural hypertrophy and distorted mural architecture. We describe a subset of ileal CD strictures in which these Acini Mean PTEN IHC (0-3+) p features are relatively inconspicuous and where luminal narrowing results mostly from Benign 2.52 ref contracture of the intestinal wall. Gl. 3 1.88 .07 Design: In a prospective study, resected ileal strictures of 26 CD patients were serially Gl. 4- Fused 1.50 .0012 cross-sectioned along with the adjoining non-strictured bowel. Evaluation of H&E- Gl. 4 Cribr- peripheral cells 1.48 .01 (borderline) stained slides revealed a subset of strictures with reduced external circumference. For morphometric analysis we selected a specimen that contained 5 separate strictures Gl. 4 Cribr- central cells 0.90 <.0001 yielding a total of 79 cross-sections (Figure). H&E and smooth muscle actin-stained Gl. 4 Cribr- small size like benign 1.22 .0003 slides were digitally scanned at 20X and evaluated morphometrically via Halo software Gl. 5 0.80 <.0001 (Indica Labs). Results: The outer circumferences of the intestinal wall in strictured segments at their p27 loss compared to benign acini (mean 2.5+) was significant only for Cribr- peripheral narrowest points measured 58.1, 72.1, 63.0, 69.4 and 66.2% of controls. The walls (mean 1.5+, p=.0029); Fused was (p=.0075). of the strictured segments and individual muscular layers were thickened compared ISH: With PTEN, significant loss normalized to benign acini was observed for cribriform to control sections (mean 6.4±2.2 vs 3.6±0.9mm, respectively, p=0.004) but there cancer (p<0.02), but not for fused small acini or Gleason 3/separate acini. were no significant differences in the areas of the muscularis mucosae (11.3±2.0 vs. Acini Mean PTEN ISH* p 2 2 14.3±7.2mm , respectively, p=0.77) or muscularis propria (75.1±10.0 vs. 65.1±1.7mm , Benign 7.9 ref respectively, p=0.69), suggesting a net conservation of muscle mass. There was no Gl. 3 7.2 .582 histological evidence of architectural distortion of the mural layers or substantial neural or lymphoid hyperplasia. The maximal proportions of outer circumferences covered by Gl. 4- Fused 5.9 .159 mesenteric fat in the strictured and non-strictured areas were 79.8±5.6% vs. 42.5±4.9%, Gl. 4- Cribr (peripheral and central) 5.0 .019 respectively (p=0.004). *100x (Pixels of epithelium with signal/Total pixels of epithelium) With CDKN1B, the degree of signal loss in these 3 cancer morphologies was not significant. Conclusions: The uniquely adverse outcome of cribriform cancer is mirrored by greater molecular changes than in other morphologies. Cribriform structures’ peripheral cells have higher proliferation index according to prior work. PTEN loss predominates in central cells and p27 loss peripherally, suggesting that a biphenotypic population plays a role in generating cribriform growth. For PTEN loss as a prognostic factor, cribriform structures demand separate assessment in peripheral vs. central populations. 846 Non-Tumoral Parenchymal Changes in Renal Cell Carcinoma Cases Behnoush Abedi-Ardekani, Lars Egevad, Roz Banks, James D McKay, Paul Brennan, Ghislaine Scelo. International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom. Background: Large, unexplained geographical variations in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) incidence rates have been observed, with the highest rates observed in the Czech Republic (CR). We explored chronic pathological changes in the non-tumoral renal cortex (CPCRC) of RCC cases from five European countries involved in the Conclusions: A subset of “constrictive” ileal strictures in CD is characterized by Cancer Genomic of the Kidney (CAGEKID) study, and their possible relationship contracture, preserved mural architecture and near-encasement by mesenteric fat. We with tumorigenesis. hypothesize that such strictures result from compression by hypertrophic mesentery, but Design: Scanned images of 626 frozen normal tissue samples distant from the tumor in cannot exclude a role for unidentified physiologic interactions between the mesentery conventional RCC cases from CR, Romania, Serbia, United Kingdom (UK) and Russia and intestinal wall. These findings support recent hypotheses regarding a primary role were read twice by one pathologist who evaluated the degrees of interstitial inflammation for the mesentery in the pathogenesis of CD. and fibrosis, tubular atrophy, golomerulosclerosis and arterial wall thickening. In the CAGEKID project, an independent systematic review of normal tissues was conducted by another pathologist to assess the level of inflammation and fibrosis with additional comments for any other specific features such as glomerulosclerosis. The agreement between these two independent observations was 89%. We used logistic regressions to analyze the association of these pathologies with clinico-pathological variables and country of residence. Results: CPCRC were observed in 116 (18.5%) of samples. Higher age was the strongest predictor (OR=1.06 for 1-year increment, 95% CI: 1.04-1.08). After adjusting for age, country was significantly associated with the presence of CPCRC. Compared to Russia, CPCRC were more common in CR (OR=2.04, 1.15-3.61) and in Romania (OR=3.56, 1.80-7.07), while no significant difference was observed with the UK and Serbia. To assess potential confounders of the association with country and sampling method, we ANNUAL MEETING ABSTRACTS 211A additionally adjusted for hypertension, presence of medulla, and type of nephrectomy 849 Programmed Death-1 (PD-1) Receptor/PD-1 Ligand (PD-L1) (partial or radical), which only marginally affected the risk estimates. Restricting the Expression in Fumarate Hydratase-Deficient Renal Cell Carcinoma analysis to cases with total absence of medulla reduced the risk estimates to 1.44 (0.77- Reza Alaghehbandan, Jan Stehlik, Kiril Trpkov, Cristina Magi-Galluzzi, Maria Pane 2.70) and 3.09 (1.33-7.15) in CR and Romania, respectively. In univariate analysis, Foix, Daniel Berney, Mathilde Sibony, Saul Suster, Abbas Agaimy, Delia Perez Montiel, tumor size was not associated with CPCRC. Kristyna Pivovarcikova, Kvetoslava Michalova, Ondrej Daum, Ondrej
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Appendix 4 WHO Classification of Soft Tissue Tumours17
    S3.02 The histological type and subtype of the tumour must be documented wherever possible. CS3.02a Accepting the limitations of sampling and with the use of diagnostic common sense, tumour type should be assigned according to the WHO system 17, wherever possible. (See Appendix 4 for full list). CS3.02b If precise tumour typing is not possible, generic descriptions to describe the tumour may be useful (eg myxoid, pleomorphic, spindle cell, round cell etc), together with the growth pattern (eg fascicular, sheet-like, storiform etc). (See G3.01). CS3.02c If the reporting pathologist is unfamiliar or lacks confidence with the myriad possible diagnoses, then at this point a decision to send the case away without delay for an expert opinion would be the most sensible option. Referral to the pathologist at the nearest Regional Sarcoma Service would be appropriate in the first instance. Further International Pathology Review may then be obtained by the treating Regional Sarcoma Multidisciplinary Team if required. Adequate review will require submission of full clinical and imaging information as well as histological sections and paraffin block material. Appendix 4 WHO classification of soft tissue tumours17 ADIPOCYTIC TUMOURS Benign Lipoma 8850/0* Lipomatosis 8850/0 Lipomatosis of nerve 8850/0 Lipoblastoma / Lipoblastomatosis 8881/0 Angiolipoma 8861/0 Myolipoma 8890/0 Chondroid lipoma 8862/0 Extrarenal angiomyolipoma 8860/0 Extra-adrenal myelolipoma 8870/0 Spindle cell/ 8857/0 Pleomorphic lipoma 8854/0 Hibernoma 8880/0 Intermediate (locally
    [Show full text]
  • Genitourinary Pathology (Including Renal Tumors)
    LABORATORY INVESTIGATION THE BASIC AND TRANSLATIONAL PATHOLOGY RESEARCH JOURNAL LI VOLUME 99 | SUPPLEMENT 1 | MARCH 2019 2019 ABSTRACTS GENITOURINARY PATHOLOGY (INCLUDING RENAL TUMORS) (776-992) MARCH 16-21, 2019 PLATF OR M & 2 01 9 ABSTRACTS P OSTER PRESENTATI ONS EDUCATI ON C O M MITTEE Jason L. Hornick , C h air Ja mes R. Cook R h o n d a K. Y a nti s s, Chair, Abstract Revie w Board S ar a h M. Dr y and Assign ment Co m mittee Willi a m C. F a q ui n Laura W. La mps , Chair, C ME Subco m mittee C ar ol F. F ar v er St e v e n D. Billi n g s , Interactive Microscopy Subco m mittee Y uri F e d ori w Shree G. Shar ma , Infor matics Subco m mittee Meera R. Ha meed R aj a R. S e et h al a , Short Course Coordinator Mi c h ell e S. Hir s c h Il a n W ei nr e b , Subco m mittee for Unique Live Course Offerings Laksh mi Priya Kunju D a vi d B. K a mi n s k y ( Ex- Of ici o) A n n a M ari e M ulli g a n Aleodor ( Doru) Andea Ri s h P ai Zubair Baloch Vi nita Parkas h Olca Bast urk A nil P ar w a ni Gregory R. Bean , Pat h ol o gist-i n- Trai ni n g D e e p a P atil D a ni el J.
    [Show full text]
  • Poster: Publikace 2008
    Publikované Práce lékařů Šiklova Patologicko – anatomického ústavu a bioPtické laboratoře s.r.o. za rok 2008 Časopisy s „impact“ faktorem syringofibroadenoma associated with well-differentiated squamous cell 28. Kuroda N., Katto K., Yamaguchi T., Kawada T., ImamuraY., Hes O., Michal M., 42. Vazmitel M., Spagnolo D.V., Němcová J., Michal M., Kazakov D.V.: 1. Alvarado-Cabrero I., Perez-Montiel D.M., Hes, O.: Multicystic urothelial carcinoma. Am J Dermatopathol, 30, 572-574, 2008. Shuin T., Lee G.H.: Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma: Diagnostic ancillary Hidradenoma papilliferum with a ductal carcinoma in situ component. Case report and review of the literature. Am J Dermatopathol, 30, 392-394, 2008. carcinoma of the bladder with gland-like lumina and with signet-ring cells. 17. Kacerovska D., Michal M., Kreuzberg B., Mukensnabl P., Kazakov DV.: application of imprint cytology and fluorescencein situ hybridization of Acral calcified vascular leiomyoma of the skin: a rare clinicopathological chromosomes 10 and 21 in two cases of typical and eosinophilic variants. 43. Vazmitel M., Michal M., Kazakov D.V.: Merkel cell carcinoma with a A case report. Diagn Pathol, 3, 36, 2008. follicular lymphocytic infiltrate: report of two cases. Am J Dermatopathol, 2. Beneš Z., Chlumská A., Antoš Z., Kohout P., Sequens R.: Detection of variant of cutaneous vascular leiomyomas: report of 3 cases. J Amer Acad Med Mol Morphol, 41, 227-232, 2008. 29. Kuroda N., Kato K., Tamura M., Shiotsu T., Hes O., Michal M., Hagashima 30, 389-391, 2008. carcinoma by means of endoscopic cytoscopy in the area of ulcerative colitis. Dermatology, 59,1000-1004, 2008.
    [Show full text]
  • The 2020 WHO Classification of Soft Tissue Tumours: News and Perspectives
    PATHOLOGICA 2021;113:70-84; DOI: 10.32074/1591-951X-213 Review The 2020 WHO Classification of Soft Tissue Tumours: news and perspectives Marta Sbaraglia1, Elena Bellan1, Angelo P. Dei Tos1,2 1 Department of Pathology, Azienda Ospedale Università Padova, Padova, Italy; 2 Department of Medicine, University of Padua School of Medicine, Padua, Italy Summary Mesenchymal tumours represent one of the most challenging field of diagnostic pathol- ogy and refinement of classification schemes plays a key role in improving the quality of pathologic diagnosis and, as a consequence, of therapeutic options. The recent publica- tion of the new WHO classification of Soft Tissue Tumours and Bone represents a major step toward improved standardization of diagnosis. Importantly, the 2020 WHO classi- fication has been opened to expert clinicians that have further contributed to underline the key value of pathologic diagnosis as a rationale for proper treatment. Several rel- evant advances have been introduced. In the attempt to improve the prediction of clinical behaviour of solitary fibrous tumour, a risk assessment scheme has been implemented. NTRK-rearranged soft tissue tumours are now listed as an “emerging entity” also in con- sideration of the recent therapeutic developments in terms of NTRK inhibition. This deci- sion has been source of a passionate debate regarding the definition of “tumour entity” as well as the consequences of a “pathology agnostic” approach to precision oncology. In consideration of their distinct clinicopathologic features, undifferentiated round cell sarcomas are now kept separate from Ewing sarcoma and subclassified, according to the underlying gene rearrangements, into three main subgroups (CIC, BCLR and not Received: October 14, 2020 ETS fused sarcomas) Importantly, In order to avoid potential confusion, tumour entities Accepted: October 19, 2020 such as gastrointestinal stroma tumours are addressed homogenously across the dif- Published online: November 3, 2020 ferent WHO fascicles.
    [Show full text]
  • 2016 Essentials of Dermatopathology Slide Library Handout Book
    2016 Essentials of Dermatopathology Slide Library Handout Book April 8-10, 2016 JW Marriott Houston Downtown Houston, TX USA CASE #01 -- SLIDE #01 Diagnosis: Nodular fasciitis Case Summary: 12 year old male with a rapidly growing temple mass. Present for 4 weeks. Nodular fasciitis is a self-limited pseudosarcomatous proliferation that may cause clinical alarm due to its rapid growth. It is most common in young adults but occurs across a wide age range. This lesion is typically 3-5 cm and composed of bland fibroblasts and myofibroblasts without significant cytologic atypia arranged in a loose storiform pattern with areas of extravasated red blood cells. Mitoses may be numerous, but atypical mitotic figures are absent. Nodular fasciitis is a benign process, and recurrence is very rare (1%). Recent work has shown that the MYH9-USP6 gene fusion is present in approximately 90% of cases, and molecular techniques to show USP6 gene rearrangement may be a helpful ancillary tool in difficult cases or on small biopsy samples. Weiss SW, Goldblum JR. Enzinger and Weiss’s Soft Tissue Tumors, 5th edition. Mosby Elsevier. 2008. Erickson-Johnson MR, Chou MM, Evers BR, Roth CW, Seys AR, Jin L, Ye Y, Lau AW, Wang X, Oliveira AM. Nodular fasciitis: a novel model of transient neoplasia induced by MYH9-USP6 gene fusion. Lab Invest. 2011 Oct;91(10):1427-33. Amary MF, Ye H, Berisha F, Tirabosco R, Presneau N, Flanagan AM. Detection of USP6 gene rearrangement in nodular fasciitis: an important diagnostic tool. Virchows Arch. 2013 Jul;463(1):97-8. CONTRIBUTED BY KAREN FRITCHIE, MD 1 CASE #02 -- SLIDE #02 Diagnosis: Cellular fibrous histiocytoma Case Summary: 12 year old female with wrist mass.
    [Show full text]
  • International Journal of Clinical & Experimental Otolaryngology (IJCEO) ISSN 2572-732X Angioleiomyoma of Nasal Septum: Case
    OPEN ACCESS http://scidoc.org/IJCEO.php International Journal of Clinical & Experimental Otolaryngology (IJCEO) ISSN 2572-732X Angioleiomyoma of Nasal Septum: Case Report and Literature Review Case Report Varun V. Varadarajan*, Justice JM Department of Otolaryngology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA. Abstract Introduction: Angioleiomyoma is a benign soft tissue tumor of smooth muscle origin with a vascular component and is an uncommon form of leiomyoma. Angioleiomyoma presenting in the nasal cavity is exceedingly rare and there are 68 re- ported cases in the literature worldwide. We present a case of angioleiomyoma of the nasal septum and review its diagnosis and treatment. Study Design: Case report and Literature Review. Methods: The medical records of a 69-year-old patient with an angioleiomyoma of the nasal septum were reviewed. The PubMed database was searched for literature describing anglioleiomyoma of the nasal cavity using the key words “angioleio- myoma” with “nasal cavity,” “nasal septum,” “nose,” or “sinus.” Results: A 69-year-old female patient presented with progressive right-sided nasal obstruction and epistaxis. Office ex- amination revealed stigmata of recent bleeding and nasal endoscopy revealed a mass arising from the right nasal septum. Computerized tomography with intravenous contrast revealed a 1.3 x 1.1 cm heterogeneously enhancing vascular lesion arising from the right nasal septum. The patient was taken to the operating room for endoscopic resection. Conclusion: Angioleiomyoma of the nasal septum is a rare and challenging clinical diagnosis that requires detailed histo- pathologic examination. Literature review suggests a female predilection with possible hormonal influence. Keywords: Rhinology; Angioleiomyoma; Nose Neoplasms. Introduction Otolaryngology clinic with the chief complaints of progressive right-sided nasal obstruction and epistaxis for one year in Angioleiomyoma is a benign soft tissue tumor of smooth muscle duration.
    [Show full text]
  • Angioleiomyoma of the Sinonasal Tract: Analysis of 16 Cases and Review of the Literature
    Head and Neck Pathol (2015) 9:463–473 DOI 10.1007/s12105-015-0636-y ORIGINAL PAPER Angioleiomyoma of the Sinonasal Tract: Analysis of 16 Cases and Review of the Literature 1 2 3 2 Abbas Agaimy • Michael Michal • Lester D. R. Thompson • Michal Michal Received: 7 April 2015 / Accepted: 30 May 2015 / Published online: 6 June 2015 Ó Springer Science+Business Media New York 2015 Abstract Angioleiomyoma (ALM; synonyms: angiomy- The covering mucosa was ulcerated in 6 cases and showed oma, vascular leiomyoma) is an uncommon benign tumor squamous metaplasia in one case. There were no recur- of skin and subcutaneous tissue. Most arise in the rences after local excision. Submucosal sinonasal ALMs extremities (90 %). Head and neck ALMs are uncommon are rare benign tumors similar to their reported cutaneous (*10 % of all ALMs) and those arising beneath the counterparts with frequent adipocytic differentiation. They sinonasal tract mucosa are very rare (\1 %) with 38 cases should be distinguished from renal-type angiomyolipoma. reported so far. We herein analyzed 16 cases identified Simple excision is curative. from our routine and consultation files. Patients included seven females and nine males aged 25–82 years (mean 58; Keywords Angioleiomyoma Á Sinonasal tract Á median 62). Symptoms were intermittent nasal obstruction, Angiomyolipoma Á Vascular leiomyoma Á Angiomyoma Á sinusitis, recurrent epistaxis, and a slow-growing mass. PEComa Á Nasal Fifteen lesions originated within different regions of the nasal cavity and one lesion was detected incidentally in an ethmoid sinus sample. Size range was 6–25 mm (mean 11). Introduction Histologically, all lesions were well circumscribed but non- encapsulated and most (12/16) were of the compact solid Mesenchymal tumors of the sinonasal tract are rare.
    [Show full text]
  • Analysis of the Clinical Relevance of Histological Classification of Benign Epithelial Salivary Gland Tumours
    Analysis of the Clinical Relevance of Histological Classification of Benign Epithelial Salivary Gland Tumours Hellquist, Henrik; Paiva-Correia, António; Vander Poorten, Vincent; Quer, Miquel; Hernandez- Prera, Juan C; Andreasen, Simon; Zbären, Peter; Skalova, Alena; Rinaldo, Alessandra; Ferlito, Alfio Published in: Advances in Therapy DOI: 10.1007/s12325-019-01007-3 Publication date: 2019 Document version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Document license: CC BY-NC Citation for published version (APA): Hellquist, H., Paiva-Correia, A., Vander Poorten, V., Quer, M., Hernandez-Prera, J. C., Andreasen, S., Zbären, P., Skalova, A., Rinaldo, A., & Ferlito, A. (2019). Analysis of the Clinical Relevance of Histological Classification of Benign Epithelial Salivary Gland Tumours. Advances in Therapy, 36(8), 1950-1974. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12325-019-01007-3 Download date: 01. okt.. 2021 Adv Ther (2019) 36:1950–1974 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12325-019-01007-3 ORIGINAL RESEARCH Analysis of the Clinical Relevance of Histological Classification of Benign Epithelial Salivary Gland Tumours Henrik Hellquist . Anto´nio Paiva-Correia . Vincent Vander Poorten . Miquel Quer . Juan C. Hernandez-Prera . Simon Andreasen . Peter Zba¨ren . Alena Skalova . Alessandra Rinaldo . Alfio Ferlito Received: May 2, 2019 / Published online: June 17, 2019 Ó The Author(s) 2019 ABSTRACT to investigate whether an accurate histological diagnosis of the 11 different types of benign Introduction: A vast increase in knowledge of epithelial salivary gland tumours is correlated to numerous aspects of malignant salivary gland any differences in their clinical behaviour. tumours has emerged during the last decade Methods: A search was performed for histolog- and, for several reasons, this has not been the ical classifications, recurrence rates and risks for case in benign epithelial salivary gland malignant transformation, treatment modali- tumours.
    [Show full text]
  • Bone and Soft Tissue Sarcomas
    Bone and Soft Tissue Sarcomas Changes to Pathology Codes in the 4th Edition of the World Health Organisation Classification of Bone and Soft Tissue Sarcomas September 2013 Page 1 of 17 Authors Mr Matthew Francis Cancer Analysis Development Manager, Public Health England Knowledge & Intelligence Team (West Midlands) Dr Nicola Dennis Sarcoma Analyst, Public Health England Knowledge & Intelligence Team (West Midlands) Ms Jackie Charman Cancer Data Development Analyst Public Health England Knowledge & Intelligence Team (West Midlands) Dr Gill Lawrence Breast and Sarcoma Cancer Analysis Specialist, Public Health England Knowledge & Intelligence Team (West Midlands) Professor Rob Grimer Consultant Orthopaedic Oncologist The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust For any enquiries regarding the information in this report please contact: Mr Matthew Francis Public Health England Knowledge & Intelligence Team (West Midlands) Public Health Building The University of Birmingham Birmingham B15 2TT Tel: 0121 414 7717 Fax: 0121 414 7712 E-mail: [email protected] Acknowledgements The Public Health England Knowledge & Intelligence Team (West Midlands) would like to thank the following people for their valuable contributions to this report: Dr Chas Mangham Consultant Orthopaedic Pathologist, Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic and District Hospital NHS Trust Professor Nick Athanasou Professor of Musculoskeletal Pathology, University of Oxford, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences Copyright @ PHE Knowledge & Intelligence Team (West Midlands) 2013 1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Page 2 of 17 The 4th edition of the World Health Organisation (WHO) Classification of Tumours of Soft Tissue and Bone which was published in 2012 contains notable changes from the 2002 3rd edition. The key differences between the 3rd and 4th editions can be seen in Table 1.
    [Show full text]
  • A034047-100 Top Secrets.Qxd 5/18/06 2:32 PM Page 1
    A034047-100 Top Secrets.qxd 5/18/06 2:32 PM Page 1 TOP 100 SECRETS These secrets are 100 of the top board alerts. They summarize the concepts, principles, and most salient details of CT body scans. 1. Computed tomography (CT) differs from conventional radiography by forming a cross-sectional image, eliminating the superimposition of structures that occurs in plain film imaging because of compression of three-dimensional body structures onto the two-dimensional recording system. 2. The sensitivity of CT to subtle differences in x-ray attenuation is at least a factor of 10 higher than normally achieved by film screen recording systems because of the virtual elimination of scatter. 3. Radiation doses in CT range from 15–50 mGy, depending on exam type. In general, these doses are at least 10 times higher than in radiographic exams. 4. Always seek to optimize scan parameters to minimize patient dose consistent with diagnostic image quality: Minimize mAs, minimize kVp, maximize pitch, maximize slice thickness, and maximize collimator setting. 5. When scanning children, be sure to use pediatric protocols, not adult protocols. In pediatric protocols the CT scan parameters should be reduced so that radiation doses are optimized according to patient size. 6. Pregnant women should be scanned only if there is adequate justification to avoid unnecessary fetal irradiation. 7. Many of the side effects of contrast media are entirely or mainly due to high osmolality. The other causes of side effects due to contrast media are chemotoxicity (allergic-like symptoms), ion toxicity (interference with cellular function), and those caused by a high dose.
    [Show full text]
  • Title Acta Urologica Japonica Vol. 35, 1989 Author(S)
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Kyoto University Research Information Repository Title Acta Urologica Japonica Vol. 35, 1989 Author(s) Citation 泌尿器科紀要 (1989), 35(12): xii-xxvii Issue Date 1989-12 URL http://hdl.handle.net/2433/116762 Right Type Others Textversion publisher Kyoto University xll Acta Urologica Japonica Vol. 35, 1989 Vol. 35, No. 1January 1989 Study on Urinary (3-Glucuronidaseand Alkaline Phosphatase Activities as Indicators of CDDP Renal Toxicity ...............T. Takahashi et al.••• I Transurethral Ureterolithotripsy under Hydraulic Ureteral Dilatation .................................................................................Y. Mori et al.••• 7 Significanceof Isoantigen in the Managemantof the Urinary Bladder Tumor —A Basic Study of ABO Isoantigen in Step Sections of Entire Bladder—.................................................................................T. Ogawa et al.••• 13 An Experimental Study on Bladder Carcinogenesisin Dogs by N-Butyl-N-(4-Hydroxybutyl)Nitrosamine (BBN) and its Urinary Metabolites ............................................................S. Morishita et al.••• 27 A New Clinical Trial Intravesical Chemotherapywith Instillation of Peplomycin Preparation Emulsion in Hydroxypropylcellulosum —PreliminaryStudy of Patients with Bladder Tumor—.........M. Asakawa et al.••• 39 Studies of the New Parameter Based Urinary Flow Rate Curve in Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy ......................................................C. Haraguchi•••
    [Show full text]
  • Comprehensive Inherited Cancer Precision Panel Overview
    Comprehensive Inherited Cancer Precision Panel Overview Hereditary cancer syndromes are encountered in all medical specialties. Although they account for about 5% of all malignancies, it is of special importance to identify these patients because, unlike patients with sporadic cancers, they require special, long-term care as their predisposition can cause them to develop certain tumors at a relatively early age. These cancers can arise in the lungs, kidneys, liver, pancreas, skin, eyes, heart. Most hereditary cancers are associated with a “germline mutation” that will be present in every cell of the human body. Identification of patients at risk of inherited cancer susceptibility is dependent upon the ability to characterize genes and alterations associated with increased cancer risk as well as gathering a detailed personal and family history aiding in the identification of the mode of inheritance as well as other family members at risk of suffering from this susceptibility. Most hereditary cancer syndromes follow an autosomal dominant inheritance, and the penetrance is high. The Igenomix Comprehensive Inherited Cancer Precision Panel provides a comprehensive analysis of the most common hereditary cancer syndromes using next-generation sequencing (NGS) to fully understand the spectrum of relevant cancer predisposition genes. Indications The Igenomix Comprehensive Inherited Caner Precision Panel is indicated as a screening and diagnostic test in those cases where there are: ‐ Multiple relatives on the same side of the family with the same or related forms of cancer ‐ Cancer at an early age ‐ Early presentation of an aggressive cancer type ‐ Multiple primary cancers in an individual 1 Clinical Utility The clinical utility of this panel is: ‐ Early and accurate genetic diagnosis allowing the most appropriate clinical management of a patient with personal or family history suggestive of a hereditary cancer syndrome.
    [Show full text]