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Het Buitenlands Beleid Van Phocas (602-610) Een Realistische Benadering

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Het Buitenlands Beleid Van Phocas (602-610) Een Realistische Benadering HET BUITENLANDS BELEID VAN PHOCAS (602-610) EEN REALISTISCHE BENADERING Aantal woorden: 46.267 Arnout de Vleeschouwer Studentennummer: 01305999 Promotor: Dr. Jeroen Wijnendaele Masterproef voorgelegd voor het behalen van de graad master in de richting Geschiedenis Academiejaar: 2016 – 2017 Dankwoord Eerst en vooral wil ik mijn promotor, dr. Jeroen Wijnendaele, uitvoerig bedanken voor de manier waarop hij me begeleid heeft. Enerzijds was hij altijd bereikbaar voor advies, feedback en tips, terwijl hij me anderzijds ook de vrijheid en de ruimte gaf om van de thesis mijn eigen project te maken. Kortom, een betere promotor kon ik niet wensen. Verder wil ik ook mijn ouders, broer en zus bedanken voor hun niet aflatende steun en gezelschap. Zonder hen was deze thesis niet mogelijk geweest. Verklaring ivm auteursrecht De auteur en de promotor(en) geven de toelating deze studie als geheel voor consultatie beschikbaar te stellen voor persoonlijk gebruik. Elk ander gebruik valt onder de beperkingen van het auteursrecht, in het bijzonder met betrekking tot de verplichting de bron uitdrukkelijk te vermelden bij het aanhalen van gegevens uit deze studie. Het auteursrecht betreffende de gegevens vermeld in deze studie berust bij de promotor(en). Het auteursrecht beperkt zich tot de wijze waarop de auteur de problematiek van het onderwerp heeft benaderd en neergeschreven. De auteur respecteert daarbij het oorspronkelijke auteursrecht van de individueel geciteerde studies en eventueel bijhorende documentatie, zoals tabellen en figuren. Inhoudsopgave 1. INLEIDING………………………………………………………………………………………………..5 1.1. INLEIDING ................................................................................................................................................. 5 1.2. PHOCAS, DE USURPATOR ..................................................................................................................... 7 1.3. ONDERZOEKSVRAAG ............................................................................................................................. 9 1.4. RELEVANTIE .......................................................................................................................................... 11 1.5. STATUS QUAESTIONIS ....................................................................................................................... 14 2. METHODOLOGIE……………………………………………………………………………………19 2.1. INLEIDING .............................................................................................................................................. 19 2.1.1. OVERZICHT VAN DE THESIS ................................................................................................................................ 19 2.1.2. DE CONSTRUCTIE VAN EEN BUITENLANDS BELEID ........................................................................................ 21 2.2. POLITIEKE THEORIE .......................................................................................................................... 22 2.2.1. INLEIDING .............................................................................................................................................................. 22 2.2.2. REALISME .............................................................................................................................................................. 22 2.2.3. OFFENSIVE REALISM ........................................................................................................................................... 24 2.3. POLITIEKE THEORIE TOEGEPAST: BYZANTIJNSE DIPLOMATIE .......................................... 29 2.3.1. INLEIDING .............................................................................................................................................................. 29 2.3.2. DE BYZANTIJNSE MACHT .................................................................................................................................... 29 Geografie ......................................................................................................................................................................... 29 Natuurlijke middelen ................................................................................................................................................. 31 Industriële capaciteiten ............................................................................................................................................ 32 Grootte van de bevolking ......................................................................................................................................... 33 Militaire voorbereidheid ........................................................................................................................................... 34 National Morale ........................................................................................................................................................... 37 Kwaliteit van de diplomatie .................................................................................................................................... 38 3. BRONNEN………………………………………………………………………………………………41 3.1. INLEIDING .............................................................................................................................................. 41 3.2. LITERAIRE BRONNEN ......................................................................................................................... 42 3.2.1. GRIEKSE BRONNEN .............................................................................................................................................. 42 Theophylactus Simocatta ......................................................................................................................................... 42 Chronicon Paschale .................................................................................................................................................... 43 Johannes van Antiochië ............................................................................................................................................. 43 Theophanes .................................................................................................................................................................... 44 Mirakelen van Sint-Demetrius ............................................................................................................................... 45 3.2.2. SYRISCHE BRONNEN ............................................................................................................................................ 46 Dionysus van Tel-Mahr ............................................................................................................................................. 46 Syrische kronieken ...................................................................................................................................................... 46 3.2.3. ARABISCHE BRONNEN ......................................................................................................................................... 47 Al-Tabari ......................................................................................................................................................................... 47 Kroniek van Seert ........................................................................................................................................................ 47 3.2.4. ARMEENSE BRONNEN .......................................................................................................................................... 48 Pseudo-Sebeos ............................................................................................................................................................... 48 3.2.5. LATIJNSE BRONNEN ............................................................................................................................................. 49 Gregorius de Grote ...................................................................................................................................................... 49 1 Liber Pontificalis .......................................................................................................................................................... 49 Paulus Diaconus ........................................................................................................................................................... 50 3.2.6. KOPTISCHE BRONNEN ......................................................................................................................................... 50 Johannes van Nikiu ..................................................................................................................................................... 50 3.3. NIET-LITERAIRE BRONNEN .............................................................................................................. 51 4. HET BUITENLANDS BELEID VAN PHOCAS………………………………………………53 4.1. INLEIDING .............................................................................................................................................. 53 4.2. HET MIDDEN-OOSTEN ....................................................................................................................... 55 4.2.1. DE VOORAFGAANDE BYZANTIJNS-PERZISCHE RELATIES .............................................................................
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