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Helvella Corium (Ascomycota), Una Especie Casi Desco­ Nocida En España

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Helvella Corium (Ascomycota), Una Especie Casi Desco­ Nocida En España HELVELLA CORIUM (ASCOMYCOTA), UNA ESPECIE CASI DESCO­ NOCIDA EN ESPAÑA por F.D. CALONGE1 & C. GÓMEZ-FERRERAS' IReal Jardín Botánico, CSIC, Plaza de Murillo, 2. 28014 Madrid. e-mail: [email protected] 'Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid. e-mail: [email protected] Summary. CALONGE, F.D. & C. GÓMEz-FERRERAS (2005). Helvella corium (Ascomycota), arare species in Spain. Bol. Soco Micol. Madrid 29: 101-104 Helvella corium is described and commented for the second time in Spain. It shows a septentrio­ nal distribution in Europe. The relationships with close species are also added. Key words: Ascomycota, Helvella, taxonomy, chorology, Spain. Resumen. CALONGE, F.D. & C. GÓMEz-FERRERAS (2005). Helvella corium (Ascomycota), una especie casi desconocida en España. Bol. Soco Micol. Madrid 29: 10 1-104 Se describe Helvella corium por segunda vez en España, especie que presenta una distribución sep­ tentrional en Europa. Las relaciones de afinidad con especies próximas son tambien comentadas. Palabras clave: Ascomycota, Helvella, taxonomía, corología, España. INTRODUCCIÓN visto que en el trabajo de BALLARÁ (1997), apare­ ce citada y descrita, haciendo referencia a un Como consecuencia del reciente hallazgo de material encontrado en los Pirineos catalanes. una población de varios ascomas de H. corium (O. Weberb.) Massee, en la provinca de Orense, MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS una vez identificada la muestra se buscaron más citas en la bibliografia española. CALONGE & El material estudiado se colectó en Orense, ARROYO (1990) en su recopilación de especies de Peares, en la ribera del río Sil, creciendo en suelo He/vella en España no la incluyen en la clave y arenoso, r2-V-200S, C. GÓmez-Ferreras. MA­ afirman que la única mención de la misma, hecha Fungi 62036. por ORTEGA & AGUILERA (1987), corresponde El método seguido ha sido el habitual en el realmente a H. solitaria Karst. Después hemos estudio de los hongos. Bol. Soco Micol. Madrid 29. 2005 101 F.D. CALüNGE & C. C;()MI/-f:FI~RERi\S RESULTADOS ocupa la mayor parte del espacio interno de la espora. Ascas cilíndricas, de 250-300 x 15-18 He/pella corium (O. Weberb.) Massee, Brit. IJm, octospóreas. Paráfisis cilíndricas, rectas, de Fung.-F1. 4: 463 (1895) 3-4 IJm de grosor, pudiendo alcanzar las 7 IJ.I1l en Pezizo corium O. Weberb. (1873) el ápice. - Cyarhipodia coriul11 (O. Weberb.) Boudier ( 1907) DISCUSIÓN = He/ve//o o/pestris Boud. (1895) = He/ve//a arctico Nannf. (J 937) La taxonomía de He/ve//o coriulrI ya ha sido = C¡;othipodio orctica (Nannf.) Moser ( 1963) tratada por DISSINCj ( 1966), así como sus analogí­ as y diferencias con especies próximas. Para nos­ Ascomas formados por un píleo acopado, con otros la especie más parecida, con la que se puede borde entero, de 8-22 mm de diámetro y de un confundir, es H he/ve//u/o (Dur. & Monl.) estípite cilíndrico, bien desarrollado, de 14-18 x Dissing, que se diferencia por presentar un asco­ 2-4 mm. En fresco el himenio aparece de color ma sésil o con estípite rudimentario (Fig. 2), píleo negro (Fig. J) Y la cara externa, cubierta con una inegular, no típicamente acopado y ascas y espo­ fina pubescencia, presenta tonos pardos negruz­ cos en la parte alta, junto al margen, y va aclarán­ dose hacia abajo, hasta tomar una coloración pardo crema (Fig. ¡). Al secar todo el ascoma toma un color negro. El estípite muestra surcos longitudinales poco profundos, que se hacen más pronunciados con la desecación. No se ven haces de hitas blancas, aunque sí se pueden observar excrecencias minúsculas, de 0,1-0,2 mm de diá­ metro, a modo de microgránulos blancos esparci­ dos sobre la superticie, que al rozarlos se desinte­ gran en un polvo blanco, el cual visto bajo el microscopio está compuesto por corpúsculos amorfos de apariencia calcárea. ['ig. 2.- lIeh'ella he/,'elllllo I'rc'> asc<lIl1a, rno'>lr;lIldo ríb) irregular Esporas ovoides a elipsoides, de 19-21 x 10-12 carentes de eslírite. Mi\-I ungí 12140 flm, lisas, conteniendo una gran gota central que ras más grandes: 270-350 x 13-17 IJ.I1l Y 21-25 x 11-/4 IJ.m, respectivamente (DJSSINC, 1966). Las dimensiones de ambos elementos en nuestro material coinciden con las publicadas por este autor y por BALI,;\IU\ (1997). Con respecto a su distribución en Europa H. coril/m muestra preferencia por la parte septen­ trional y H. he/ve/lulo por la parte meridional (DISSINCi, 1966). Las dos citas ibéricas de H corillm, conocidas hasta ahora, inelican esa ten­ dencia a vivir en zonas húmedas o subalpinas. BIBLIOGRAFíA l'íg.I.- Ileh'e/lo COl'/UIII. i\scom<1S moslr~ndo ríléo acopado. con BAI.I.i\RÁ,1. (J997). Nou estudi e1'especies fúngi­ hirncnil' negro y estípite bien desarrollada. MA-J-'ungi 62ÜJó. ques interessants deis estages alpí i subalpí deis 102 Ilol. "(le M iet'l. Ñladlid 2'!. 20115 HELVELLA CORIUM Pirineus catalans. Rev. Catalana Mico l. 20: 1­ with special emphasis on the species found in 24. Norden. Dansk Bot. Arkiv 25: 1- 172. CALONGE, F.D. & l. ARROYO (1990). Notes on the ORTEGA, A. & A. AGUILERA (1987). Contribución genus Helvella in Spain. Mycotaxon 39: 203­ al catálogo micológico de Andalucía. l. 217. Pezizales. Bol. Soco Mico l. Madrid 11: 223­ DISSING, H. (1966). The genus Helvella in Europe 240. Bol. SOCo Micol. Madrid 29. 2005 103 .
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