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Magazine1-4 Final.Qxd (Page 2) A complete family ...Page 4 SUNDAY, OCTOBER 21, 2018 INTERNET EDITION : www.dailyexcelsior.com/magazine Overcome the ...Page 3 Tribute to the Empire Builder JP Singh In 1813, Ranjit Singh was particularly impressed by Gulab Maharaja rewarded Gulab Singh with additional Jagirs. 1840. Reviving old Ladakhi claim to Tibet's Western dis- Maharaja Gulab Singh was born on 21 October Singh's performance in an otherwise disastrous campaign In 1820, Maharaja sent Gulab Singh on other cam- tricts, Gen Zorawar Singh, in May 1841, entered Tibet and against Afghan occupied Kashmir and rewarded him with paigns when he seized Rajouri and Bhimber. In 1821, he swiftly captured Rudok and Gartok. Encouraged by easy 1792 at Andarwah, the estate of his father Mian Jagirs and promoted him to command a unit of 200 horse- captured the strong fort of Basohli. Same year he captured successes, the Dogra General continued to advance and Kishore Singh. He was descendent from one of men. Kishtwar by engineering dissension between Raja Tegh succeeded in capturing strategic town of Taklakot thus cut- the famous Dogra clan which had inhabited In 1818, Gulab Singh took part in the invasion Singh and his Wazir Lakhpat Raj by writing an incrim- ting off the trade route between Tibet and British protec- of Multan. During the siege of Multan Fort, inating letter addressed to Wazir but made to torate of Bashahr and placed a Dogra contingent at a site Jammu area during the decline of Mughal he volunteered to rescue the body of land in Raja's hands. The Raja ordered cap- opposite the Company held office of Almora. Seeing this, rule in the 18th century. Maharaja's favorite commander ture of Wazir who nevertheless escaped. British forced Maharaja Sher Singh to order withdrawal who had fallen below the wall Taking advantage, Gulab Singh from Tibet. But before Raja Gulab Singh could make con- He received no formal education but was brought up as and despite heavy enemy fir- entered Kishtwar, arrested the Raja tact with Gen Zorawar Singh, the military situation in Tibet a warrior. At an early age, he became an accomplished ing brought it to safety and occupied the state. Wazir underwent a drastic change. Early in November, Lhasa horseman and proficient in the use of sword and gun. His which the Maharaja laud- Lakhpat Raj later joined the serv- sent an army of 10,000 to drive the Dogras from Tibet. elders inculcated in him a yearning to reassert the power ed publically in his ices of Dogra leader. After initial skirmishes the adversaries met on 10th of Dogra Clan lost to Sikhs. Court. Coronation December and began the fierce three days battle on the While Gulab Singh was still a youth, political scene in In 1819, he sought Maharaja Ranjit Singh shores of Mansarowar, Northeast of Taklakot. On 12th Punjab underwent a radical change which was to signifi- Maharaja's permis- was so elated by Gulab December 1841, Gen Zorawar Singh was fatally wounded cantly affect the entire Northwest. With Ahmed Shah sion to crush Jam- Singh's territorial acquisi- in the shoulder. The Dogras avenged their commander's Abdali's death in 1773, Afghan power began to decline giv- mu uprising led by tions that he anointed him death by slaying the Chinese commander. Dogra Gener- ing opportunities to Sikh Misls to rise in Punjab. The ambi- Mian Dido. Mian as Raja of Jammu on 17 al's death determined the outcome of the battle. Bereft of tious chief of one of the Misl, Sardar Mahan Singh attacked Dido moved the will to fight, survivors hurriedly dispersed to save Jammu during the reign of Ranjit Dev but failed. He again June 1822 at a place in around the coun- Akhnoor called Jeo Pota themselves. attacked during the rule of Brij Dev Raj and occupied Jam- try side with a Diplomatic Masterstroke mu but decided not to annex it. It was at this point of time by personally applying gang of his fol- When the Sikh army was finally routed in the Anglo- when Gulab Singh's grandfather Mian Zorawar Singh and the Raj Tilak in a color- lowers, bidding Sikh war in 1846, Raja Gulab Singh as prime minister of father Mian Kishore Singh managed to secure small estates ful ceremony. There- open defiance to Sikh empire, negotiated with the British and signed the of Dyman and Andarwah. The end of the eighteenth cen- after Raja Gulab Singh Sikh Ruler, rob- 'Treaty of Lahore' in which he secured most honorable tury saw the emergence of Mahan Singh's son Ranjit Singh was allowed to spend bing the wealthy terms for the defeated Darbar. In recognition of his auda- who destroyed all other Misls and declared himself the most of his time at Jam- and distributing Ruler of Punjab. Contemplating further territorial expan- mu governing Jagirs of cious leadership and superb diplomacy, Lord Hardinge, to destitute. He sion, Ranjit Singh attacked Jammu in 1808. Gulab Singh, his family and under- the Governor General of India, extended his rule to entire came to be known only 16, leaped into fray with fiery zeal and brandished his taking new expeditions J&K and elevated him to the status of Maharaja on 15th as Robin Hood of sword brilliantly in the battle of Gumat which forced Sikhs into adjoining areas. March 1846. By the 'Treaty of Amritsar' signed on 16 March Jammu Hills. to negotiate the end of war. Despite individual bravery of In 1830s, Gulab Singh 1846, he got control of Kashmir for which he paid Rs 75 Wherever Mian young Dogras like him and Mian Dido, Jammu was defeat- was given the responsibil- lakh and became sovereign ruler of J&K. ed and became part of Sikh Kingdom as Jagir of Prince Dido went people ity of administering Gulab Singh's rise to prominence is attributed to four Kharak Singh. But the Sikh Commander Sardar Hukam used to offer him Gujarat and salt mines of salient features. (i) He was able, assiduous and robust, the Singh spotted Gulab Singh and brought his valour to the food and shelter. Pind Dadan Khan near qualities which earned him Maharaja's admiration. (ii) attention of Maharaja Ranjit Singh. Therefore wily Gulab Jhelum. In 1836, Gulab Singh Generally soft spoken, gracious and affable, he could, if the Defeat of Dogras shattered Gulab Singh's aspirations. Singh impersonated as suppressed the rebellion of occasion demanded, transform himself into a cold blood- He left home in search of new avenue elsewhere. He went Dido and went around. Yusufzai Tribemen near Haz- ed schemer and savage tormentor. (iii) In his phenomenal Those who came forward to Peshawar where Shah Shuja, the deposed Afghanistan ara. (Pak Nobel Laureate Malala rise, he had tremendous support of his brothers Dhian to welcome him were pun- king, was raising an army attempting to regain his rule. Yusufzai belongs to this tribe). In Singh and Suchet Singh, who through their political acu- ished as a result people Despite an opportunity, he changed mind and returned 1837, Gulab Singh marched to men had acquired remarkable strength and patronage at refused to welcome Mian Dido home and went on to serve under the Raja of Kishtwar. On Poonch against Shamas-ud-Din Khan, Lahore Darbar. (iv) Lavish rewards for his services because either because he could be an the recommendations of Sardar Hukam Singh, Maharaja the man he had nominated to manage Sikh ruler was gratified by the degree Gulab Singh extend- impersonator or threat to their safe- Ranjit Singh, in 1810, enrolled him as Cavalryman. Jagirs of Dhian Singh. In 1839, Maharaja sent ed the borders of Sikh empire. ty. Bereft of support, Mian Dido returned Gulab Singh to Peshawar to assist his British Allies His Highness left for his heavenly abode on 30th August RISE OF DOGRAS IN LAHORE to his hometown Jagti. When Sikh troops sur- to cross the Khyber Pass during 1st Anglo-Afghan War. 1858 from Srinagar at the age of 66 having created a vast Gulab Singh stood out as a remarkable horseman and rounded his home, Dido escaped but his 90 years old father earned Maharaja's acclamation. Later he and his brothers Mian Hazari valiantly appeared with his sword but got Conquests of Ladakh, Gilgit and Tibet state of J&K. He is one of the few historical legacies that Dhian Singh and Suchet Singh acquired influential posi- killed in the fight. However Sikh soldiers caught up with The ambition to add new territories was certainly the India can be genuinely proud of. By extending borders too tions through their innate ability and high ambitions Mian atop Trikuta Hill. Gulab Singh was eager to take him factor behind Jammu Raja's decision to conquer Ladakh. far to the Northwest, he provided ample strategic depth to allegedly combined with a calculated use of intrigues and alive and hence gave Mian chance to surrender. Mian not Capture of Leh was to give control over important route the Capital of India. His contributions to the broad spec- ruthlessness. The alleged latter traits were abundantly only refused but struck Attar Singh at head with his sword between Tibet and Kashmir over which passed the lucra- trum of India's strategic, political and cultural spheres are exhibited by Gulab Singh on several military expeditions with a lightening speed bisecting the entire body. At last tive Pashmina trade. Through his able Gen Zorawar Singh, immense and laudable. sent by Maharaja Ranjit Singh to extend his boundaries. one soldier shot the dauntless Mian to death. On this he captured Ladakh in 1834-35 and Gilgit-Baltistan in J&K SHELTER HOMES Rajan Gandhi ger pocket money @ of Rs 30/- per inmate per month.
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