Qinghai Province Overview
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Development for Tibetans, but by Whom?
Consilience: The Journal of Sustainable Development Vol. 5, Iss. 1 (2011), Pp. 168-175 Development For Tibetans, But By Whom? Diana Jue Department of Urban Studies and Planning, International Development Group Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA [email protected] Keywords: Tibet, China, development, design. 1. Introduction: Tibetans in China In addition to the Han majority, the People‟s Republic of China officially recognizes 55 ethnic minority groups within its borders. The degree to which minorities have been incorporated into the national mainstream community varies widely from group to group, with some demonstrating considerable resentment against the ethnic majority. Most notable are the Turkic Muslim Uyghurs, who made international headlines in July 2009 for the Urumqi riots; the Hui in Hunan province, where unrest broke out in 2004; and, of course, the Tibetans, whose high-profile protests were in to the spotlight in the months preceding the 2008 Olympic games in Beijing. The Tibet-China conflict is one of the most polarized disputes in which China is currently embroiled. At the core of this debate is Tibet‟s status as either an autonomous region of the People‟s Republic of China or an independent country. The Chinese leadership is staunchly against the “legitimate and meaningful autonomy” demanded by the Dalai Lama (BBC News, 2009); the Dalai Lama has also been labeled as a “separatist” by China‟s president Hu Jintao but maintains that he does not want to separate Tibet from China (Mazumdar 2010). Additionally, discontent among Tibetans is not limited to those residing in the Tibet Autonomous Region (TAR). -
A Study of Thermal History Since the Paleozoic in the Eastern Qaidam Basin, Northwest China
A Study of Thermal History Since the Paleozoic in the Eastern Qaidam Basin, Northwest China WANG Li 1,2 , LI Zongxing 1,2*, LIU Chenglin3, PENG Bo1,2, FANG Xinxin 1,2, YUAN Guide4 1 The Key Laboratory of Shale Oil and Gas Geological Survey, Institute of Geomechanics, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing, China; 2 Institute of Geomechanics,Chinese academy of geological sciences,Beijing 100081, China 3 State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resource and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China; 4 PetroChina Qinghai Oilfield Company, Branch of Petroleum Exploration, Dunhuang, Gansu 736202 Abstract: Qaidam Basin is the one of three major petroliferous basin in Northeastern Tibetan Plateau, which experienced multiphase superimposition and transformation. A study on thermal history not only plays an important role on analysis the tectonic origin of the Qaidam basin, revealing the forming mechanism and uplift history of Tibetan plateau, but also is available to provide scientific evidence on oil & gas resources appraising. Using balanced cross-sections technique, and combination of analysis of apatite fission track ages with modeling of fission track length distribution, it was infered that eastern Qaidam basin experienced significant tectonic movement in the early Jurassic movement (~200 Ma), which caused the carboniferous uplift and denudation, the geological movement in late Cretaceous, characterized by stretch in the early and the northeast-southwest extrusion in late; Himalayan movement in multi-stage development in the eastern Qaidam basin, Mainly divided into the early Himalayan movement (41.1~33.6 Ma) and the late Himalayan movement (9.6~7.1 Ma, 2.9~1.8 Ma), which large-scale orogeny caused pre-existing faults reactivated in late Himalayan movement. -
Origin and Character of Loesslike Silt in the Southern Qinghai-Xizang (Tibet) Plateau, China
Origin and Character of Loesslike Silt in the Southern Qinghai-Xizang (Tibet) Plateau, China U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 1549 Cover. View south-southeast across Lhasa He (Lhasa River) flood plain from roof of Potala Pal ace, Lhasa, Xizang Autonomous Region, China. The Potala (see frontispiece), characteristic sym bol of Tibet, nses 308 m above the valley floor on a bedrock hill and provides an excellent view of Mt. Guokalariju, 5,603 m elevation, and adjacent mountains 15 km to the southeast These mountains of flysch-like Triassic clastic and volcanic rocks and some Mesozoic granite character ize the southernmost part of Northern Xizang Structural Region (Gangdese-Nyainqentanglha Tec tonic Zone), which lies just north of the Yarlung Zangbo east-west tectonic suture 50 km to the south (see figs. 2, 3). Mountains are part of the Gangdese Island Arc at south margin of Lhasa continental block. Light-tan areas on flanks of mountains adjacent to almost vegetation-free flood plain are modern and ancient climbing sand dunes that exhibit evidence of strong winds. From flood plain of Lhasa He, and from flood plain of much larger Yarlung Zangbo to the south (see figs. 2, 3, 13), large dust storms and sand storms originate today and are common in capitol city of Lhasa. Blowing silt from larger braided flood plains in Pleistocene time was source of much loesslike silt described in this report. Photograph PK 23,763 by Troy L. P6w6, June 4, 1980. ORIGIN AND CHARACTER OF LOESSLIKE SILT IN THE SOUTHERN QINGHAI-XIZANG (TIBET) PLATEAU, CHINA Frontispiece. -
2019 International Religious Freedom Report
CHINA (INCLUDES TIBET, XINJIANG, HONG KONG, AND MACAU) 2019 INTERNATIONAL RELIGIOUS FREEDOM REPORT Executive Summary Reports on Hong Kong, Macau, Tibet, and Xinjiang are appended at the end of this report. The constitution, which cites the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party and the guidance of Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought, states that citizens have freedom of religious belief but limits protections for religious practice to “normal religious activities” and does not define “normal.” Despite Chairman Xi Jinping’s decree that all members of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) must be “unyielding Marxist atheists,” the government continued to exercise control over religion and restrict the activities and personal freedom of religious adherents that it perceived as threatening state or CCP interests, according to religious groups, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), and international media reports. The government recognizes five official religions – Buddhism, Taoism, Islam, Protestantism, and Catholicism. Only religious groups belonging to the five state- sanctioned “patriotic religious associations” representing these religions are permitted to register with the government and officially permitted to hold worship services. There continued to be reports of deaths in custody and that the government tortured, physically abused, arrested, detained, sentenced to prison, subjected to forced indoctrination in CCP ideology, or harassed adherents of both registered and unregistered religious groups for activities related to their religious beliefs and practices. There were several reports of individuals committing suicide in detention, or, according to sources, as a result of being threatened and surveilled. In December Pastor Wang Yi was tried in secret and sentenced to nine years in prison by a court in Chengdu, Sichuan Province, in connection to his peaceful advocacy for religious freedom. -
Religion in China BKGA 85 Religion Inchina and Bernhard Scheid Edited by Max Deeg Major Concepts and Minority Positions MAX DEEG, BERNHARD SCHEID (EDS.)
Religions of foreign origin have shaped Chinese cultural history much stronger than generally assumed and continue to have impact on Chinese society in varying regional degrees. The essays collected in the present volume put a special emphasis on these “foreign” and less familiar aspects of Chinese religion. Apart from an introductory article on Daoism (the BKGA 85 BKGA Religion in China prototypical autochthonous religion of China), the volume reflects China’s encounter with religions of the so-called Western Regions, starting from the adoption of Indian Buddhism to early settlements of religious minorities from the Near East (Islam, Christianity, and Judaism) and the early modern debates between Confucians and Christian missionaries. Contemporary Major Concepts and religious minorities, their specific social problems, and their regional diversities are discussed in the cases of Abrahamitic traditions in China. The volume therefore contributes to our understanding of most recent and Minority Positions potentially violent religio-political phenomena such as, for instance, Islamist movements in the People’s Republic of China. Religion in China Religion ∙ Max DEEG is Professor of Buddhist Studies at the University of Cardiff. His research interests include in particular Buddhist narratives and their roles for the construction of identity in premodern Buddhist communities. Bernhard SCHEID is a senior research fellow at the Austrian Academy of Sciences. His research focuses on the history of Japanese religions and the interaction of Buddhism with local religions, in particular with Japanese Shintō. Max Deeg, Bernhard Scheid (eds.) Deeg, Max Bernhard ISBN 978-3-7001-7759-3 Edited by Max Deeg and Bernhard Scheid Printed and bound in the EU SBph 862 MAX DEEG, BERNHARD SCHEID (EDS.) RELIGION IN CHINA: MAJOR CONCEPTS AND MINORITY POSITIONS ÖSTERREICHISCHE AKADEMIE DER WISSENSCHAFTEN PHILOSOPHISCH-HISTORISCHE KLASSE SITZUNGSBERICHTE, 862. -
Xining to Lhasa (Vice Versa)
TRAIN : Qinghai Tibet Railways JOURNEY : Xining to Lhasa (vice versa) Journey Duration : Upto 2 Days Day to Day Itinerary Unlike trains to Tibet from other gateway cities, the trains from Xining depart several times a day, since all other Tibet trains will stop in Xining before reaching Lhasa. The departure time of Xining Lhasa trains ranges from 12:27 at noon to 21:27 in the evening, offering flexible choices for tourists. Among all the trains to Tibet, there are two trains directly originated from Xining , one numbered as No.Z6801 departing every other day, and the other as No.Z6811 scheduled to run within a seasonal period. Timetable of Direct Xining to Lhasa Train Train No. Z6801 is the only train that starts directly from Xining and ends in Lhasa. It departs every other day at 14:01 from Xining Railway Station and arrives in Lhasa at 11:20 on the next day. Besides, Train No. Z6811 which bounds for Shigatse can also take tourists to Lhasa from Xining. The train from Xining to Shigatse is a seasonal train departing every day. Timetable of Xining to Lhasa Train - No.Z6801 Station Arrival Departure Stop Time Days Distance Xining -- 14:01 -- Day 1 -- Delingha 18:03 18:09 6 min Day 1 521 km Golmud 20:53 21:18 25 min Day 1 830 km Amdo 05:54 05:58 4 min Day 2 1,524 km Nagchu 07:24 07:30 6 min Day 2 1,650 km Damxung 09:06 09:10 4 min Day 2 1,800 km Lhasa 11:20 -- -- Day 2 1,972 km Timetable of Xining to Lhasa Train - No.Z6811 Station Arrival Departure Stop Time Days Distance Xining -- 20:30 -- Day 1 -- Delingha 00:32 00:38 6 min Day 2 521 km Golmud 03:28 03:53 25 min Day 2 830 km Amdo 12:01 12:05 4 min Day 2 1,524 km Nagchu 13:39 13:45 6 min Day 2 1,650 km Damxung 15:39 15:47 8 min Day 2 1,800 km Lhasa 17:45 18:10 25 min Day 2 1,972 km Timetable of Direct Lhasa to Xining Train As the return trip back to mainland China, the train from Lhasa to Xining (No. -
Estimations of Undisturbed Ground Temperatures Using Numerical and Analytical Modeling
ESTIMATIONS OF UNDISTURBED GROUND TEMPERATURES USING NUMERICAL AND ANALYTICAL MODELING By LU XING Bachelor of Arts/Science in Mechanical Engineering Huazhong University of Science & Technology Wuhan, China 2008 Master of Arts/Science in Mechanical Engineering Oklahoma State University Stillwater, OK, US 2010 Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate College of the Oklahoma State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY December, 2014 ESTIMATIONS OF UNDISTURBED GROUND TEMPERATURES USING NUMERICAL AND ANALYTICAL MODELING Dissertation Approved: Dr. Jeffrey D. Spitler Dissertation Adviser Dr. Daniel E. Fisher Dr. Afshin J. Ghajar Dr. Richard A. Beier ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank my advisor, Dr. Jeffrey D. Spitler, who patiently guided me through the hard times and encouraged me to continue in every stage of this study until it was completed. I greatly appreciate all his efforts in making me a more qualified PhD, an independent researcher, a stronger and better person. Also, I would like to devote my sincere thanks to my parents, Hongda Xing and Chune Mei, who have been with me all the time. Their endless support, unconditional love and patience are the biggest reason for all the successes in my life. To all my good friends, colleagues in the US and in China, who talked to me and were with me during the difficult times. I would like to give many thanks to my committee members, Dr. Daniel E. Fisher, Dr. Afshin J. Ghajar and Dr. Richard A. Beier for their suggestions which helped me to improve my research and dissertation. -
A 3585-Year Ring-Width Dating Chronology of Qilian Juniper from the Northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau
IAWA Journal, Vol. 30 (4), 2009: 379–394 A 3585-YEAR RING-WIDTH DATING CHRONOLOGY OF QILIAN JUNIPER FROM THE NORTHEASTERN QINGHAI-TIBETAN PLATEAU Xuemei Shao1 *, Shuzhi Wang2, Haifeng Zhu1, Yan Xu1, Eryuan Liang3, Zhi-Yong Yin4, Xinguo Xu5 and Yongming Xiao5 SUMMARY This article documents the development of a precisely dated and well- replicated long regional tree-ring width dating chronology for Qilian juniper (Juniperus przewalskii Kom.) from the northeastern Qinghai- Tibetan Plateau. It involves specimens from 22 archeological sites, 24 living tree sites, and 5 standing snags sites in the eastern and northeastern Qaidam Basin, northwestern China. The specimens were cross-dated suc- cessfully among different groups of samples and among different sites. Based on a total of 1438 series from 713 trees, the chronology covers 3585 years and is the longest chronology by far in China. Comparisons with chronologies of the same tree species about 200 km apart suggest that this chronology can serve for dating purposes in a region larger than the study area. This study demonstrates the great potential of Qilian juniper for dendrochronological research. Key words: Northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau; Qilian juniper; den- drochronology; cross-dating; 3585-year chronology; archeological wood. INTRODUCTION One of the aims of dendrochronology is to construct long-term chronologies covering hundreds to thousands of years. These chronologies have major applications to climatic interpretations, radiocarbon analysis, and dating of past events (Lara & Villalba 1993; Scuderi 1993; Hughes & Graumlich 1996; Stahle et al. 1998, 2007; Grudd et al. 2002; Helama et al. 2002; Naurzbaev et al. 2002; Friedrich et al. 2004; Bhattacharyya & Shah 2009; Fang et al. -
The Third Atmospheric Scientific Experiment for Understanding the Earth –Atmosphere Coupled System Over the Tibetan Plateau and Its Effects
THE THIRD ATMOSPHERIC SCIENTIFIC EXPERIMENT FOR UNDERSTANDING THE EARTH –ATMOSPHERE COUPLED SYSTEM OVER THE TIBETAN PLATEAU AND ITS EFFECTS PING ZHAO, XIANGDE XU, FEI CHEN, XUELIANG GUO, XIANGDONG ZHENG, LIPING LIU, YANG HONG, YUEQING LI, ZUO LA, HAO PENG, LINZHI ZHONG, YAOMING MA, SHIHAO TANG, YIMIN LIU, HUIZHI LIU, YAOHUI LI, QIANG ZHANG, ZEYONG HU, JIHUA SUN, SHENGJUN ZHANG, LIXIN DONG, HEZHEN ZHANG, YANG ZHAO, XIAOLU YAN, AN XIAO, WEI WAN, YU LIU, JUNMING CHEN, GE LIU, YANGZONG ZHAXI, AND XIUJI ZHOU Integrated monitoring systems for the land surface, boundary layer, troposphere, and lower stratosphere over the Tibetan Plateau promote the understanding of the Earth–atmosphere coupled processes and their effects on weather and climate. he Tibetan Plateau (TP), known as the “sensible in the tropics and midlatitudes of the North Pacific heat pump” and the “atmospheric water tower,” (e.g., Zhao and Chen 2001b; Liu et al. 2007; Zhao et al. T modifies monsoon circulations and regional 2007; Nan et al. 2009; Zhao et al. 2009; Zhou et al. energy and water cycles over Asia (Wu and Zhang 2009; Duan et al. 2012). Therefore, global weather 1998; Zhao and Chen 2001a; Wu et al. 2007; Xu et al. and climate research would be incomplete without 2008b; Zhou et al. 2009). Strong ascent over the TP considering the significant role of the TP. may transport lower-tropospheric water vapor and Compared to other land regions in the world, anthropogenic pollutants into the upper troposphere– observational data are scarce over the TP, owing to lower stratosphere (UT–LS), which exerts an influ- its high elevations, naturally harsh environmental ence on the regional ozone valley (Zhou et al. -
Sichuan/Gansu/Qinghai/Tibet (14 Days) We Love Road Journeys
Tibetan Highlands: Sichuan/Gansu/Qinghai/Tibet (14 Days) We love road journeys. They are by far our favourite way of traveling. We think the world of western China and the countries that border on this region – think Vietnam, Lao, Thailand, Myanmar, for example. On the Road Experiences is all about sharing with like-minded travelers just how beautiful a road journey in these varied lands can be. Now turn the page to find out what we’ve come to love so much… p2 p3 Itinerary Map …where you will travel… p. 006 Yes, it is possible… p. 008 Journey of Discovery… p. 010 Day-by-day… p. 056 In closing... Any car you like, so long as it is an SUV… p. 077 Adventures and discoveries in local cuisines p. 078 What’s included/Best Months to Go... p. 080 Photo credits p. 083 p5 Itinerary Map Day1 Day8 Arrival in Chengdu – Dulan to Golmud – Apply for your temporary driving Across the Qaidam Basin to Golmud license and visit Chengdu’s beautiful Panda Reserve Day9 Golmud to Tuotuohe – Day2 Up, up, up - Onto the Plateau and Chengdu to Maerkang – into the highlands of Qinghai Through the valleys to the Gyarong Tibetan region Day10 Tuotuohe to Naqu – Day3 Cross the famous Tanggula Pass on Maerkang to Ruoergai – your way to Tibet itself Towards the very north of Sichuan on the way to Gansu Day11 Naqu to Damxung – Day4 Visit one of Tibet’s holiest lakes, Ruoergai to Xiahe – Lake Nam-tso Your first and only stop in Gansu province Day12 Damxung to Lhasa – Day5 Complete your journey with Xiahe to Qinghai’s capital, Xining – a beautiful drive to your final On your way to Qinghai destination Day6 Day13 Xining – In and around Lhasa – Spend a day in and around Xining for Visit Potala Palace and explore the a bit of rest and visit the spectacular old city of Lhasa Ta’er Monastery Day14 Day7 Depart from Lhasa – Xining to Dulan – Lift must go on...Farewell Lhasa On the way to Golmud.. -
Qinghai WLAN Area 1/13
Qinghai WLAN area NO. SSID Location_Name Location_Type Location_Address City Province 1 ChinaNet Quality Supervision Mansion Business Building No.31 Xiguan Street Xining City Qinghai Province No.160 Yellow River Road 2 ChinaNet Victory Hotel Conference Center Convention Center Xining City Qinghai Province 3 ChinaNet Shangpin Space Recreation Bar No.16-36 Xiguan Street Xining City Qinghai Province 4 ChinaNet Business Building No.372 Qilian Road Xining City Qinghai Province Salt Mansion 5 ChinaNet Yatai Trade City Large Shopping Mall Dongguan Street Xining City Qinghai Province 6 ChinaNet Gome Large Shopping Mall No.72 Dongguan Street Xining City Qinghai Province 7 ChinaNet West Airport Office Building Business Building No.32 Bayi Road Xining City Qinghai Province Government Agencies 8 ChinaNet Chengdong District Government Xining City Qinghai Province and Other Institutions Delingha Road 9 ChinaNet Junjiao Mansion Business Building Xining City Qinghai Province Bayi Road Government Agencies 10 ChinaNet Higher Procuratortate Office Building Xining City Qinghai Province and Other Institutions Wusi West Road 11 ChinaNet Zijin Garden Business Building No.41, Wusi West Road Xining City Qinghai Province 12 ChinaNet Qingbai Shopping Mall Large Shopping Mall Xining City Qinghai Province No.39, Wusi Avenue 13 ChinaNet CYTS Mansion Business Building No.55-1 Shengli Road Xining City Qinghai Province 14 ChinaNet Chenxiong Mansion Business Building No.15 Shengli Road Xining City Qinghai Province 15 ChinaNet Platform Bridge Shoes City Large Shopping -
Tibet Outside the TAR Page 2159
CFP-W, Chentsa Chinese: Jianza Xian Alliance for Research in Tibet (ART) Tibet Outside the TAR page 2159 roll/neg: 54:15 subject: wide angle view of the town location: Chentsa Dzong CFP-W-éE,, Malho -é, Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Tsongön UWê-¢éP, [Ch: Jianza , Huangnan TAP, Qinghai Province] approx. date: winter 1995/1996 comment: In the distance is the Machu (Huanghe, Yellow R.). Across the river is Haidong Prefecture with two million inhabitants, at least two thirds of them Chinese and Hui. Official population in Chentsa is about 49,000, with a 60% Tibetan majority claimed. The true Tibetan proportion is probably lower. Demographic pressure is intense: population density in Chentsa, the nearest to Xining and Haidong, is 28 persons/km2 . The next county, the capital, Regong, has 21. In Tsekhog it is 7 and only 4 in Yülgan. (Viewed from the south.) © 1997 Alliance for Research in Tibet (ART), all rights reserved Alliance for Research in Tibet (ART) Tibet Outside the TAR page 2161 b. Chentsa [Ch: Jianza] i. Brief description and impressions Chentsa CFP-W-éE, (Ch. Jianza Xian ) is one of the most vulnerable of all the Tibetan counties to patterns of development preferred by China. Only the Yellow River (Ma Chu), edging its northern border, now divides it from the densely-populated Chinese and Hui region of Haidong Prefecture. This geographical feature once served as a clear and formidable marker between a totally Tibetan world to the south and a region which, though sinicizing gradually over the centuries, did not overleap the Yellow River until the Communist Chinese occupation.