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(Côte D'ivoire) 115–6, 134, 150, 177–8, 184, 203, 263 Abun-Nasr, Jamil

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(Côte D'ivoire) 115–6, 134, 150, 177–8, 184, 203, 263 Abun-Nasr, Jamil Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-89971-0 - Islam and Social Change in French West Africa: History of an Emancipatory Community Sean Hanretta Index More information Index Abidjan (Coˆte d’Ivoire) 115–6, 134, 150, Futa Toro and 46, 49–50, 54, 56–7, 215 177–8, 184, 203, 263 policy of Popular Front and Vichy Abun-Nasr, Jamil M. 151–2, 170n17, 203 toward 8, 97–9, 256–9 accommodation and collaboration See also cash crops; labor historiography of 4, 15, 21–2, 60–3, 67–8, Ahmad ‘‘Baba’’ al-Tinbukti, Abu ‘l-cAbbas 139–42, 265n25, 282–4 31n3, 40, 225n46 Yacoubists and 116, 256, 281–4 Ahmad al-Bakka’i. See Kunta family administration, French Ajayi, J.F. Ade 4, 11 effect on society of 1, 8, 49–58, 70–1, 82, al-Akhdar, Shaykh Sidi Muhammad 62–4, 90, 97–8, 109–11, 123 67–9, 165–6, 247 Islamic policy of. See Islam, French Algeria 63, 102, 126–7 conception of cAli ibn Abi Talib 201, 203–4 production of knowledge and 4–11, 15, 17, Allangkuye. See bridewealth 23, 121–58, 200–3, 210–14, 217–8 Almamy/iyat of Futa Toro 47–9, 55–6, treatment of Hamawiyya and Yacoubists 216n21 by 1, 2, 15, 62, 67–71, 77–86, 89–109 anthropology 128–30, 134–6, 142–3, 149, 152, 157, colonial rule and 124–5, 129, 133, 215n19, 169, 183, 281–4 217 See also Popular Front See also brideweath; gifts and giving Adzope´ (Coˆ te d’Ivoire) 86, 100, 102, Arabic language 39–40, 128, 139, 176, 245 247–9 d’Arbaumont, Capitaine Jean 69, 202–3 Afrique Occidentale Franc¸aise (AOF). See archives French West Africa production and composition of French age 12 21, 110, 121–58, 163, 193, 234, 282 age sets 239, 248 theories of 4, 8–9, 17, 23, 24, 121–58, 161, religious authority and 62–4, 94–5, 186, 190–1, 207–8, 281 164–7, 175–6, 270, 281, 285 Arnaud, Robert 126–7 social change and 53n3, 59, 82, 196–8, arrests and detentions, of Yacoubists and 214–5, 285 others. See administration, French, See also gender; inequality harassment of Hamawiyya and agency, theories of 5–6, 10, 14–5, 23, 124, 154, Yacoubists by 173–5, 189–207, 254–5, 258, 275–87 Asma’u, Nana 175 agriculture Coˆte d’Ivoire and 93–5, 97–9, 107, 134, Bailly, Adrien Dignan 108, 111, 134n29 249, 256–9, 278, 284 Bamako (Mali) 70, 72n32, 107, 129 French settlers and 97–8, 256–7, 137, Bamana language, ethnicity 52, 62, 130, 149–51, 249 206n44, 214, 220, 221, 279 295 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-89971-0 - Islam and Social Change in French West Africa: History of an Emancipatory Community Sean Hanretta Index More information 296 Index Bamba, Shaykh Amadou See also age; gifts and giving; gold; historiography of 237–8, 284–5 inequality; marriage; women Yacouba’s thoughts on 72, 182, 282 Bureau of Muslim Affairs (Bureau des See also accommodation and Affaires musulmanes) 91, 127, 134 collaboration; inequality; labor; Bureau Technique de Liaison et de Murid/iyya Coordination (BTLC) 150–1 Baoule´ language, ethnicity 107, 114, 133, Burke, Kenneth 14–7, 180 264–8 Burkina Faso 114 Baradah, cAli Harazim ibn al-cArabi. See See also Upper Volta Jawaˆhir al-macaˆnıˆ Be´die´, Henri Konan 114 Carde, Jules 78–9, 83, 141–2, 157, 200–2 See also Parti De´mocratique de la Coˆte cash crops 107, 117, 220, 283 d’Ivoire administrative views on 3, 56, 97, 104, Bello, Muhammad 271 148, 283 Benjamin, Walter 14–5, 19, 23, 186, 189, bananas 98–9, 103–4, 235 286–7 cacao 88, 93, 98, 107, 133n28, 148, 235 Besse Amadou 58–9 coffee 88, 93, 99, 104, 106–7, 148, 235 Be´te´ language, ethnicity cotton 49, 56 Dioula and Yacoubist relations with labor migration and 49–50, 53, 95, 148 110–11, 115, 134, 185, 268–70, 279 See also labor ethnogenesis and 133 castes (endogamous ranked specialist Gue´bie´ uprising of 1970 and 111 groups) land, labor and 134, 270, 279 position in Yacoubist community of 1, nationalism and 110–11, 185 24, 77, 177–9, 193–4, 204, 209–10, 224–6, Biaka Boda, Victor 108 230, 237, 253, 273, 279, 284 bidaˆn 47–52, 57–9, 67–8, 101, 130, 156, 279, 283, Western Sudanic societies and 37–9, 42, definition of 47n39 46–7nn38–9, 67, 215–6, 223–5, 233, 237, Bilal ibn Ribah 179 283 blacksmiths. See castes See also inequality; slaves and slavery Bobo-Dioulasso (Burkina Faso) 147 Centre des hautes e´tudes d’administration Boghe (Mauritania) 49, 79, 145 musulmane (CHEAM) 201–3 See also Sakho, Cerno Amadou Cerno Amadou. See Sakho, Cerno Amadou Mukhtar Mukhtar Bosseya. See Futa Toro Cerno Bokar. See Tal, Cerno Bokar Salif Bouake´ (Coˆte d’Ivoire) 102 Cerno Molle Bourdieu, Pierre 277 Bokar 56 Brakna region (Mauritania) 47, 52n55 Mamadu 56 Brenner, Louis 7n7, 33n6, 63n5, 143n42, 262 title of 48, 55, 59 bridewealth Charbonnier, Commandant 75–9, 132, Allangkuye and 196, 198 139–44, 151–2, 200, 202–4 anthropological theories of 195–8 Chazal, Rene´ 78–80, 132, 136, 140, 144, 146, complaints about 53, 77n48, 148n56, 196 192–3, 200 French ethnography and dowry (Fr: dot) Christianity 34, 106, 135, 212, 213n14, 236, 196 250, 266 Islamic mahr 75, 177, 195–203 Cire´, Mamadou 78, 80, 190 Soninke terms (hute, naabure) 195–6 Cisse, Baba 72n32 Yacoubist reform and abolition of 75, 98, Cisse´, Hawa (Yacouba Sylla’s mother) 71, 141, 176–7, 202–4, 265 172–3, 205 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-89971-0 - Islam and Social Change in French West Africa: History of an Emancipatory Community Sean Hanretta Index More information Index 297 clothing 74, 144, 150, 177, 193–4, 201–4, Diagana family of Kae´di 68–70, 95 236n30 Biri Diagana, chief 56, 58, 70 See also gender; women Dieydi (Jedde) Diagana, chief 1, 77–8, 81 coffee. See cash crops Fodie Ahmadou Abdoulaye Diagana 68, colonialism 94, 100, 204, 246 historiography of Africa and 4–11, 13–24, Fodie Muhammad Yussuf Diagana 68 227, 251–6, 275–286 Fodie Shaykhu Diagana 68 Islam and 6–7, 15, 21, 60, 62, 126–9, 170, See also Jagana, Mama 254–6, 260, 281–4 Diawara, Mamadou 189, 217 Yacoubist conceptions of 13, 173, 182, Dina of Hamdullahi. See Masina 185–6, 245, 276 Dioula language, ethnicity 52, 106, 109n66, See also accommodation and 110–11, 133–4, 184, 201 collaboration; administration, French; Dioulabougou. See Gagnoa Islam Divo (Coˆte d’Ivoire) 88–9, 93, 150 commercial companies 104, 259n11 Dje´be´ (Mali) 90, 92 confession, Yacouba’s encouraging of 75, Djeol (Mauritania) 74, 76 141, 168–9, 192, 198, 201, 204 Doucoure family of Kae´di conquest, European 44–5 Fodie Abubakar bin Lamb Doucoure 68 effects on Muslim intellectuals 4, 44 Mahmadou ‘‘Ba’’ Doukoure 176 in Futa Toro 46–9 Doucoure´, Cheikh Tahirou 246–7 Cooper, Frederick 10, 249–52 dowry. See bridewealth de Coppet, Marcel 96–8 Drame, Mamadu Lamine (al-Amin) 54n62, Coppolani, Xavier 126, 140, 145 63n6, 130–1 Coˆte d’Ivoire Dumas, Inspecteur des affaires 78–80, 132, economy of 15–6, 93–4, 104–6, 113, 149–51, 140, 145 155, 182, 250, 256–9, 273, 278 Dwyer, Daisy Hilse 192–3 French administration in 87–8, 96, 103–5, 122, 134, 151–3, 258, 283 Ebi ould Cheick 113 French settlers in. See settlers, French education and knowledge labor policy in 97–9, 249–50, 256–9 reproduction of inequality and 38–9, 59, politics in 22, 24–5, 103, 106–15, 137 77, 219, 221, 237–8 179–85, 251, 263–9, 273–4 women and 238 Yacoubists in 1–3, 20, 22–5, 80–2, 85–93, Yacoubist attitudes towards 1, 105, 167–8, 98–100, 103–18, 122, 133–4, 148–55, 238, 279 160, 175–85, 190, 235, 247, 250–1, See also Suwari 253–74 elections cotton. See cash crops French 107, 110, 261, 263–4 Coulibaly, (Daniel) Ouezzin 108 Ivoirian 106–11, 114–6, 184–5 Malian 111 Dakar (Senegal) 50, 103, 145 eleven-bead. See Hamawiyya; Tijaniyya Daloa (Coˆte d’Ivoire) 98, 108 Emprunt Africain pour la France 105 death, Yacoubist conceptions of 87, 141, 174 ethnicity See also suffering ethnogenesis 133 Delafosse, Maurice 126–7 role of in local politics 54–9 democracy, Yacoubist rhetoric of 24, 115–6, use of in administrative strategy 126, 260–69, 279, 286 129–34, 148 Descemet, Gabriel 88n10, 89, 93, 128n15, See also Bamana; Baoule´;Be´te´; Dioula; 155–6 Halpulaaren; Soninke © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-89971-0 - Islam and Social Change in French West Africa: History of an Emancipatory Community Sean Hanretta Index More information 298 Index Fanta Mady, Shaykh Muhammad Sharif, of theories of 189–207 Kankan 109 See also age; masculinity; paternalism; Fatima bint Muhammad women French attitudes toward 76, 201–2 geography, moral authority and 264, role in popular religion of 203 269–74 Yacouba’s reported vision of 76, 141, gifts and giving (inc. hadaˆyaˆ, sadaqaˆt) 200–4 Sufism and 230–5, 255–6, 260–6, 274 Feierman, Steven 5, 10, 22, 161, 251 theories of 196–8, 206, 228–31, 260, 276–7 First World War 50, 70, 257 Western Sudanic societies and 55, 195, Fisher, Humphrey John 131n22, 175 198, 206, 232–4 Fondation Cheikh Yacouba Sylla (FOCYS) Yacoubists and 23–4, 73, 101, 105, 118, 11–2, 113–5, 161–2, 168, 179, 181–2, 236, 159–60, 181, 197, 228, 230, 234–6, 238–49, 244, 267, 270 255–6, 260–70, 274–7 See also Sylla, Cheickna, Maıˆtre See also bridewealth; gold; inequality; France labor; wealth Constituent and National Assemblies of gold 1945 107, 110, 263–4 political symbolism and 264–7 Vichy and Free France 97, 101–3, 256 women’s use of 75, 194–5, 197, 199 See also administration, French; Yacouba’s banning of 75, 92, 141, 150, 155, elections, French; Popular Front 174–7, 194–5, 197, 199, 265 French Soudan See also gifts and giving; inequality; wealth administration of 52, 80, 89–93, 97, 103, Gorgol, cercle de (Mauritania) 49, 51, 106, 147, 151, 156–7, 281 74–5 Hamawiyya in 73, 100–2, 261 Gue´bie´ uprising.
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