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Report of the CCIR (Geneva, 1982): Broadcasting Satellite Systems

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Report of the CCIR (Geneva, 1982): Broadcasting Satellite Systems This electronic version (PDF) was scanned by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) Library & Archives Service from an original paper document in the ITU Library & Archives collections. La présente version électronique (PDF) a été numérisée par le Service de la bibliothèque et des archives de l'Union internationale des télécommunications (UIT) à partir d'un document papier original des collections de ce service. Esta versión electrónica (PDF) ha sido escaneada por el Servicio de Biblioteca y Archivos de la Unión Internacional de Telecomunicaciones (UIT) a partir de un documento impreso original de las colecciones del Servicio de Biblioteca y Archivos de la UIT. (ITU) ﻟﻼﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻲ ﺍﻻﺗﺤﺎﺩ ﻓﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺤﻔﻮﻇﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻗﺴﻢ ﺃﺟﺮﺍﻩ ﺍﻟﻀﻮﺋﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺴﺢ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﻧﺘﺎﺝ (PDF) ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺨﺔ ﻫﺬﻩ .ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺤﻔﻮﻇﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻗﺴﻢ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﻓﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺃﺻﻠﻴﺔ ﻭﺭﻗﻴﺔ ﻭﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻘﻼ ً◌ 此电子版（PDF版本）由国际电信联盟（ITU）图书馆和档案室利用存于该处的纸质文件扫描提供。 Настоящий электронный вариант (PDF) был подготовлен в библиотечно-архивной службе Международного союза электросвязи путем сканирования исходного документа в бумажной форме из библиотечно-архивной службы МСЭ. © International Telecommunication Union INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION CCIR INTERNATIONAL RADIO CONSULTATIVE COMMITTEE BROADCASTING-SATELLITE SYSTEMS Geneva, 1983 INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION CCIR INTERNATIONAL RADIO CONSULTATIVE COMMITTEE BROADCASTING-SATELLITE SYSTEMS Geneva, 1983 ISBN 92-61-01751-7 © I.T.U. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page INTRODUCTION BY THE CHAIRMAN .......................................................................................................................... 1 1. Background .......................................................................................................................................................................... 1 2. Some significant features of the report........................................................................................................................ 1 Resolution 70 (Annex) ................................................................................................................................................................. 2 CHAPTER 1 - BROADCASTING-SATELLITE SYSTEMS (TELEVISION AND SOUND) 3 1. Introduction ........................ 3 2. Features of a broadcasting-satellite service .............................................................................................................. 3 2.1 Rapid introduction of the service . ..................... 3 2.2 Potentially low cost of covering large areas .................................................................................. 3 2.3 Potentially more efficient use of frequency .............................................................................................................. 4 3. The pattern along which a broadcasting-satellite service may be planned ................................................. 4 3.1 L a n g u a g e s ............................................................................................................................................................................. 5 3.2 Number of alternative programmes ........................................................................................................................... 5 3.3 Size of a u d ie n c e ..................................! ............................................................................................................................. 5 3.4 Location of programme centres ..................................................................................................................................... 5 3.5 L in k a g e s . .................................................................................................................................................... 5 3.6 Hours of viewing ..................................................................................... 5 3.7 Differences in time zones .............................................................................. 6 4. Basic definitions in the broadcasting-satellite service ................................................................................ 6 4.1 Broadcasting-satellite space station ............................ 6 4.2 Broadcasting-satellite service ................................................ 6 4.3 Reception quality ....................................................... 6 4.3.1 Primary grade of reception quality................................................................................................................. 6 4.3.2 Secondary grade of reception quality ......................................................................................................... 6 4.4 Power flux-densities..................... 6 4.4.1 High power flux-density .................... 4.4.2 Medium power flux-density .............. 4.4.3 Low power flux-density ........................ 4.5 Definitions of service area and coverage area 4.5.1 Service a r e a ............................................... 4.5.2 Coverage area ......................................... 5. Orbits for broadcasting-satellite systems . 5.1 Factors affecting choice of o rb it ..................... 5.2 Coverage a r e a ....................................................................................................................................................................... 9 5.3 Coverage area, frequency and size of the satellite antenna ................................................................................ 9 5.4 Orbital spacing considerations ............................................................................................................................... 9 6 . Allocation of frequency bands ................... 9 6.1 Frequency bands for the broadcasting-satellite service ............................ 9 6.2 Frequency bands for the broadcasting-satellite service (sound) ........................................................... 12 6.3 Frequency bands for BSS feeder links ........................................ 14 7. Orbit and frequency planning ....................................................................................................................................... 14 7.1 I n tro d u c tio n ................................ 14 7.2 Planning approaches .......................................................................................................................................................... 15 7.2.1 Detailed orbital position and channel allotment plan ............................................................................ 16 7.2.2 Detailed orbital position and block frequency allotment plan ............................................................ 16 IV Page 7.2.3 Detailed frequency assignment and orbital arc allotment p la n ....................................................... 16 7.2.4 Guaranteed access by means of multilateral coordination ................................................................. 17 7.2.5 Coordination procedures and technical factors that are revised periodically ............................ 17 7.3 Planning of the 12 GHz band ....................................................................................................................... 17 7.4 Planning considerations for other bands in which the broadcasting-satellite service has an a llo c a tio n ............................................................................................................................................................................... 18 7.4.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................................................... 18 7.4.2 2.6 GHz systems .................................................................................................................................................. 18 7.4.3 700 MHz systems .............................................................................................................................................. 18 8 . Picture quality ....................................................................................................................................................................... 19 8.1 G eneral c o n sid e ra tio n s...................................................................................................................................................... 19 8.2 Values of signal-to-noise ratio for various systems................................................................................................ 20 8.2.1 525-line system/NTSC (System M: USA and Canada) ........................................................................ 21 8.2.2 625-line system. Colour television signal (B, G, I and L system ) ................................................... 22 8.2.3 625-line system (System K ) ......................................................................................................................... 22 8.2.4 625-line system. Colour television signal (PAL system)........................................................................ 22 9. Influence of the atmosphere ............................................................................................................................................ 22 9.1 D ow n link (12 G H z r e g io n ) ............................................................................................................................................ 22 9.1.1 A tte n u a tio n .......................................................................................
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