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Aeronautics and Space Report of the President, 1976 Activities
Aeronautics and Space Report of the President 19 76 Activities NOTE TO READERS: ALL PRINTED PAGES ARE INCLUDED, UNNUMBERED BLANK PAGES DURING SCANNING AND QUALITY CONTROL CHECK HAVE BEEN DELETED Aeronautics and Space Report of the President 1976 Activities National Aeronautics and Space Administration Washington, D.C. 20546 Table of Contents Page Page I. Summary of U.S. Aeronautics and Space Ac- X. National Academy of Sciences, National Acad- tivities of 1976 _________________________ 1 emy .of Engineering, National Research 67 Introduction _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ __ __ 1 Council _______________________________ Space _______________________________ 1 Introduction _ _ _____ _ ______ __ _ ______ __ 67 Aeronautics __ __________ ____ __________ 4 Aerospace Science _ _ _ __ - _ _ _ __ _ __ _ __ _ - - - 67 The Heritage ________________________ 5 Space Applications .................... 69 .. 70 11. National Aeronautics and Space Administration G Aerospace Engineering _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ - - - - - 6 Education ____________________-------71 Introduction _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 72 Applications to Earth __________________ 6 XI. Office of Telecommunications Policy __i____-- 10 Introduction __ __ __________ _____ ____ __ 72 Science ______________________________ 72 Space Transportation __________________ 15 International Satellite Systems _____ _ _____ 18 Direct Broadcast Satellites ______________ 72 Space Research and Technology _ _ ___ ____ 73 Tracking and Data Acquisition __________ 19 Frequency Management _____ __ _ __ _ ___ __ 20 Domestic Satellite Applications __________ 73 International Affairs ___________________ 74 User Affairs ________________________ 23 XII. -
Directional Or Omnidirectional Antenna?
TECHNOTE No. 1 Joe Carr's Radio Tech-Notes Directional or Omnidirectional Antenna? Joseph J. Carr Universal Radio Research 6830 Americana Parkway Reynoldsburg, Ohio 43068 1 Directional or Omnidirectional Antenna? Joseph J. Carr Do you need a directional antenna or an omnidirectional antenna? That question is basic for amateur radio operators, shortwave listeners and scanner operators. The answer is simple: It depends. I would like to give you a simple rule for all situations, but that is not possible. With radio antennas, the "global solution" is rarely the correct solution for all users. In this paper you will find a discussion of the issues involved so that you can make an informed decision on the antenna type that meets most of your needs. But first, let's take a look at what we mean by "directional" and "omnidirectional." Antenna Patterns Radio antennas produce a three dimensional radiation pattern, but for purposes of this discussion we will consider only the azimuthal pattern. This pattern is as seen from a "bird's eye" view above the antenna. In the discussions below we will assume four different signals (A, B, C, D) arriving from different directions. In actual situations, of course, the signals will arrive from any direction, but we need to keep our discussion simplified. Omnidirectional Antennas. The omnidirectional antenna radiates or receives equally well in all directions. It is also called the "non-directional" antenna because it does not favor any particular direction. Figure 1 shows the pattern for an omnidirectional antenna, with the four cardinal signals. This type of pattern is commonly associated with verticals, ground planes and other antenna types in which the radiator element is vertical with respect to the Earth's surface. -
Antenna Characteristics
Antenna Characteristics Team Cygnus Shivam Garg Sheena Agarwal Prince Tiwari Gunjan Bansal Adikeshav C. Outline • Introduction • Characteristics • Methodology • Observations • Inferences Antenna • An antenna is a device designed to radiate and/or receive electromagnetic waves in a prescribed manner. A Yagi Uda antenna meant for home use Schematic diagram of a antenna The current distributions on the antennas produce the radiation. Usually, these current distributions are excited by transmission lines or waveguides. Types Of Antennas Wire Antennas Aperture antennas Micro strip Antennas Reflector antennas Antenna Basics Radiation Pattern • The distribution of radiated energy from an antenna over a surface of constant radius centered upon the antenna as a function of directional angles from antenna . Reciprocity Theorem • The reception pattern of an antenna is identical to its radiation (transmission) pattern. This is a general rule, known as the reciprocity theorem. • A complete radiation pattern is three dimensional function. • a pair of two-dimensional patterns are usually sufficient to characterize the directional properties of an antenna. • In most cases, the two radiation patterns are measured in planes which are perpendicular to each other. • A plane parallel to the electric field is chosen as one plane and the plane parallel to the magnetic field as the other. The two planes are called the E-plane and the H-plane, respectively. 15 E-plane (y-z or θ) and H-plane (x-y or φ) of a Dipole Antenna Gain • Some antennas are highly directional • Directional antenna is an antenna, which radiates (or receives) much more power in (or from) some directions than in (or from) others. -
Antennacraft Hookup
The Antennacraft Mini-State Directional, Rotating Antenna provides excellent reception of VHF/UHF TV channels in most viewing locations. The UV protective housing is made of impact-resistant filled co-polymer, making the exterior resistant to weathering. It features both AC and DC operation and is excellent for use on recreational vehicles 5/5(1). AntennaCraft 5MS RV Home Marine Amplified Antenna OMNIDIRECTIONAL UHF VHF. $ +$ shipping. Make Offer - AntennaCraft 5MS RV Home Marine Amplified Antenna OMNIDIRECTIONAL UHF VHF. Antennacraft HDTV Indoor Ultrathin Amplified Omniidirectional Antenna $ Product Reviews for AntennaCraft High Gain VHF/UHF TV Antenna Pre-Amp (10G) Product reviews help other customers decide which product to purchase, where the best deals are, and your get a sense of what to expect with the product.5/5(4). Manufacturers of TV antennas, amplifiers, and related electronic accessories. Includes product listing, support and contact information. Nov 16, · How to Hook Up a TV Antenna. This wikiHow teaches you how to select and set up an antenna for your TV. Determine your television's antenna connector type. Virtually every TV has an antenna input on the back or side; this is where you'll Views: M. Jun 01, · THE HAPPY SATELLITE NERD EPISODE The Antenna I use! It had 16 position settings it is amplified and works well. I can receive channels from . Related Manuals for Antennacraft Antenna AntennaCraft Mini State 5MS Manual. Amplified uhf/vhf indoor/outdoor tv antenna (8 pages) Antenna AntennaCraft HDX Quick Start Manual. Indoor/outdoor hdtv directional antenna (4 pages) Antenna AntennaCraft . Antennacraft Specification Sheet Model Number:5MS General Channels/Frequency:2 - 69 75 pHYPhysical Maximum Width (in) V ( w/ mast bracket) Turning Radius (in) 22 x 21 x 3 Antenna Performance Average Gain Over Reference Dipole (dB): Low Band: Half-Power Beamwidth. -
Pioneer Venus Spacecraft Volume 1 Executive Summary
FINAL REPORT SYSTEM DESIGN OF THE PIONEER VENUS SPACECRAFT VOLUME 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY By cS. D.DORFMAN E.. t July 1973 0 197 *MO P;cCO S Prepared Under UFContract P4. No. NAS S By SHUGHES AIRCRAFT COMPANY EL SEGUNDO, CALIFORNIA AMES For Sr AMES RESEARCH CENTER U U NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND OH 0:44 SPACE ADMINISTRATION i' $li FINAL REPORT SYSTEM DESIGN OF THE PIONEER VENUS SPACECRAFT VOLUME 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY By S. D.DORFMAN July 1973 Prepared Under Contract No. NAS2-D' "750 By HUGHES AIRCRAFT COMPANY EL SEGUNDO, CALIFORNIA For AMES RESEARCH CENTER NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION HS-507-0760 PREFACE The Hughes Aircraft Company Pioneer Venus final report is based on study task reports prepared during performance of the "System Design Study of the Pioneer Spacecraft. " These task reports were forwarded to Ames Research Center as they were completed during the nine months study The significant phase. results from these task reports, along with study results developed after task report publication dates, are reviewed in this final report to provide complete study documentation. Wherever appropriate, the task reports are cited by referencing a task number and Hughes report refer- ence number. The task reports can be made available to the ally interested reader specific- in the details omitted in the final report for the sake of brevity. This Pioneer Venus Study final report describes the following configurations: baseline * "Thor/Delta Spacecraft Baseline" is the baseline presented at the midterm review on 26 February 1973. * "Atlas/Centaur Spacecraft Baseline" is the baseline resulting from studies conducted since the midterm, but prior to receipt of the NASA execution phase RFP, and subsequent to decisions to launch both the multiprobe and orbiter missions in 1978 and use the Atlas/Centaur launch vehicle. -
Photographs Written Historical and Descriptive
CAPE CANAVERAL AIR FORCE STATION, MISSILE ASSEMBLY HAER FL-8-B BUILDING AE HAER FL-8-B (John F. Kennedy Space Center, Hanger AE) Cape Canaveral Brevard County Florida PHOTOGRAPHS WRITTEN HISTORICAL AND DESCRIPTIVE DATA HISTORIC AMERICAN ENGINEERING RECORD SOUTHEAST REGIONAL OFFICE National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior 100 Alabama St. NW Atlanta, GA 30303 HISTORIC AMERICAN ENGINEERING RECORD CAPE CANAVERAL AIR FORCE STATION, MISSILE ASSEMBLY BUILDING AE (Hangar AE) HAER NO. FL-8-B Location: Hangar Road, Cape Canaveral Air Force Station (CCAFS), Industrial Area, Brevard County, Florida. USGS Cape Canaveral, Florida, Quadrangle. Universal Transverse Mercator Coordinates: E 540610 N 3151547, Zone 17, NAD 1983. Date of Construction: 1959 Present Owner: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Present Use: Home to NASA’s Launch Services Program (LSP) and the Launch Vehicle Data Center (LVDC). The LVDC allows engineers to monitor telemetry data during unmanned rocket launches. Significance: Missile Assembly Building AE, commonly called Hangar AE, is nationally significant as the telemetry station for NASA KSC’s unmanned Expendable Launch Vehicle (ELV) program. Since 1961, the building has been the principal facility for monitoring telemetry communications data during ELV launches and until 1995 it processed scientifically significant ELV satellite payloads. Still in operation, Hangar AE is essential to the continuing mission and success of NASA’s unmanned rocket launch program at KSC. It is eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) under Criterion A in the area of Space Exploration as Kennedy Space Center’s (KSC) original Mission Control Center for its program of unmanned launch missions and under Criterion C as a contributing resource in the CCAFS Industrial Area Historic District. -
Antenna Articles Collection of Short Articles Relating to All Manners of Antennas
Antenna Tips page 1 of 31 Source : http://www.funet.fi/pub/dx/text/antennas/antinfo.txt Antenna Articles Collection of short articles relating to all manners of antennas. These articles are the hard work of Wayne Sarosi KB4YLY (995 Alabama Street, Titusville, FL 32796) SUBJECT: Circular Polarized Antenna There has been a request for a series on 'CP' antennas. The term 'CP' eluded me at first as I was not familar with the abriviated designator for circular polarization. At work, we just use the entire words. I'm going to begin this ten part series with the basics. After researching CP designs with a few engineers and fellow hams, I found that they knew very little about the subject. I also found I didn't know quite as much as I thought I did about circular polarization. So starting at the begining will help all out. First, let's discuss the circular polarized wave. There seems to be conflicting standards used by the world of physics and the IEEE. I found this to be true in four reference manuals including the ARRL Antenna Handbook. At least it's stated right up front but biased according to which text you read. We will follow the IEEE/ARRL standard in the following series for obvious reasons. There are two types of circular polarization; right and left. All of us agree up to this point. According to the ARRL Antenna Handbook, the following statement: 'Polarization Sense is a critical factor, especially in EME work or if the satellite uses a circular polarized antenna. -
Manual De Antena Yagi Para Wifi Usb
Manual De Antena Yagi Para Wifi Usb Rebuilt DIY 15 element USB Wifi Yagi antenna vs Cantenna (29). by insAneTunA ANTENA YAGI CASERA PARA WIFI FACIL DE HACER. by marioyrafa. Yagi 2.4GHz 25dbi WiFi RP- SMA Antenna For Wireless Router Outdoor 07:31:11, He comparado esta antena direccional de 25 dbi con una omnidireccional de 9 dbi, M1 Portable 3G WiFi Hotspot IEEE802.11b/g/n 150Mbps RJ45 USB Router Tracking Points & Coupons New User Guide Frequently Asked Questions. ¿Qué necesito para enviar la Red WiFi de mi Casa a otro punto con Garantías Tenda W311M Nano Adaptador USB Inalámbrico N150 2.4GHz Oferta. Tablet WOO Mejorar el WIFI de Android Usando antena USB Internet: consejos para cmo. I'm extremely grateful that I saw a tutorial how to making this type of antenna. no se si. El panel trasero contiene un puerto Ethernet y un USB para grabación(PVR) y MP3, ENVIO GRATIS + WIFI VONETS + FUENTE Receptor Satelite Alta Definicion Entrada de antena, doble euroconector, búsqueda automática y manual de Yagi Triax ofrecen un sólido rendimiento y han sido fabricadas de aluminio. Manual De Antena Yagi Para Wifi Usb Read/Download I tired the pringle can antenna and the Yagi beats it hands down in performance. USB WIFI, preferably with an antenna extension OR a 2.4 GHz device DIY Long Range Directional WiFi USB Antenna Tutorial (AKA Wok Fi) 12:45 My 1.1 Usb Wifi Antenna 'yagi' Wifi Hunter Antena Wifi Motorizada 01:02 Ante wifi creada para antenaswifi.es voipspa. For more de. Wifi Antena Yagi popular é fornecido por fornecedores de sucesso de vendas da El0314 $number dbi 2.4 GHz Wifi antena Yagi WLAN N fêmea para USB. -
Table of Contents Welcome
EZNEC User Manual Table of Contents Welcome .......................................................................................................... 1 Introduction ...................................................................................................... 2 Acknowledgements ...................................................................................... 2 Acknowledgement and Special Thanks: Jordan Russell and Inno Setup . 4 Acknowledgement: vbAcellerator Software............................................... 4 Acknowledgement: Info-Zip Software ....................................................... 4 Acknowledgement: Scintilla Software ....................................................... 4 A Few Words About Copy Protection ........................................................... 4 EZNEC and EZNEC+: .............................................................................. 4 EZNEC Pro: .............................................................................................. 5 Guarantee .................................................................................................... 5 Amateur or Professional? ............................................................................. 5 Notes For International Users....................................................................... 6 Getting Started ................................................................................................. 8 A Few Essentials ......................................................................................... -
60 Ghz Omni-Directional Segmented Loop Antenna
60 GHz Omni-directional Segmented Loop Antenna Mohammad Hossein Ghazizadeh, and Mohammad Fakharzadeh Electrical Engineering Department, Sharif University of Technology Tehran,Iran ghazizadeh [email protected], [email protected] Abstract—The design, simulation and fabrication of a planar antennas [2]. These antennas have a simple and small size fragmented loop antenna with capacitive loads at 60 GHz structure and are cost-efficient but on the other hand, the are frequency band is reported in this paper. The loop antenna has linearly polarized, and only omni-directional in the horizontal a nearly omni-directional radiation pattern required for many IEEE 802.11ad applications, a simulated bandwidth of 6 GHz, plane and usually have nulls in the vertical plane radiation and a realized gain of 2 dBi. The measured input matching pattern limiting the spatial coverage of the antenna. Another bandwidth without deembedding the connector effect is nearly 2 famous structure is the Omni-directional Microstrip Antenna GHz. The HPBW in azimuth plane is 360◦. Array (OMAA) [3], which is a planar antenna based on the COCO antenna concept. Although it has a planar structure I. INTRODUCTION but since it comprises of several λ/2 sections, it has a large An emerging application of 60 GHz radio systems is es- physical size. A fairly small size antenna with omni-directional tablishing a short-range wireless network inside a room. As radiation pattern is the segmented loop antenna with capacitive described in IEEE 802.11ad standard a semi-omni antenna loadings introduced in [4]. The loop antenna has a periphery of coverage is required in discovery mode so that different users approximately λ corresponding to the resonant frequency. -
Wire Antennas for Ham Radio
Wire Antennas for Ham Radio Iulian Rosu YO3DAC / VA3IUL http://www.qsl.net/va3iul 01 - Tee Antenna 02 - Half-Lamda Tee Antenna 03 - Twin-Led Marconi Antenna 04 - Swallow-Tail Antenna 05 - Random Length Radiator Wire Antenna 06 - Windom Antenna 07 - Windom Antenna - Feed with coax cable 08 - Quarter Wavelength Vertical Antenna 09 - Folded Marconi Tee Antenna 10 - Zeppelin Antenna 11 - EWE Antenna 12 - Dipole Antenna - Balun 13 - Multiband Dipole Antenna 14 - Inverted-Vee Antenna 15 - Sloping Dipole Antenna 16 - Vertical Dipole 17 - Delta Fed Dipole Antenna 18 - Bow-Tie Dipole Antenna 19 - Bow-Tie Folded Dipole Antenna for RX 20 - Multiband Tuned Doublet Antenna 21 - G5RV Antenna 22 - Wideband Dipole Antenna 23 - Wideband Dipole for Receiving 24 - Tilted Folded Dipole Antenna 25 - Right Angle Marconi Antenna 26 - Linearly Loaded Tee Antenna 27 - Reduced Size Dipole Antenna 28 - Doublet Dipole Antenna 29 - Delta Loop Antenna 30 - Half Delta Loop Antenna 31 - Collinear Franklin Antenna 32 - Four Element Broadside Antenna 33 - The Lazy-H Array Antenna 34 - Sterba Curtain Array Antenna 35 - T-L DX Antenna 36 - 1.9 MHz Full-wave Loop Antenna 37 - Multi-Band Portable Antenna 38 - Off-center-fed Full-wave Doublet Antenna 39 - Terminated Sloper Antenna 40 - Double Extended Zepp Antenna 41 - TCFTFD Dipole Antenna 42 - Vee-Sloper Antenna 43 - Rhombic Inverted-Vee Antenna 44 - Counterpoise Longwire 45 - Bisquare Loop Antenna 46 - Piggyback Antenna for 10m 47 - Vertical Sleeve Antenna for 10m 48 - Double Windom Antenna 49 - Double Windom for 9 Bands -
Advances in Space Research Forecasting the Impact of an 1859
Advances in Space Research Forecasting the Impact of an 1859-calibre Superstorm on Satellite Resources Sten Odenwald1,2, James Green2, William Taylor1,2 1. QSS Group, Inc., 4500 Forbes Blvd., Lanham, MD, 20706. 2. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771 Submitted: June 30, 2005, Accepted: September 25, 2005 Abstract: We have developed simple models to assess the economic impacts to the current satellite resource caused by the worst-case scenario of a hypothetical superstorm event occurring during the next sunspot cycle. Although the consequences may be severe, our worse-case scenario does not include the complete failure of the entire 937 operating satellites in the current population, which have a replacement value of ~$170-230 billion, and supporting a ~$90 billion/year industry. Our estimates suggest a potential economic loss of < $70 billion for lost revenue (~$44 billion) and satellite replacement for GEO satellites (~$24 billion) caused by a ‘once a century’ single storm similar to the 1859 superstorm. We estimate that 80 satellites (LEO, MEO, GEO) may be disabled as a consequence of a superstorm event. Additional impacts may include the failure of many of the GPS, GLONASS and Galileo satellite systems in MEO. Approximately 97 LEO satellites, which normally would not have re-entered for many decades, may prematurely de-orbit by ca 2021 as a result of the temporarily increased atmospheric drag caused by a superstorm event occurring in ca 2012. The $100 billion International Space Station may lose significant altitude, placing it in critical need for re-boosting by an amount potentially outside the range of typical Space Shuttle operations, which are in any case scheduled to end in 2010.