Vol. 25 No. 104 Wednesday, February 27, 2019 Pages 8, Price 2.00 NFA
NUEW: Activity assessment meeting Southern region: 79% of residents The National Union of Eritrean have access to clean water Women (NUEW) conducted activity assessment meeting on Mendefera, 25 February 2019 Indicating that last year alone 11 20 February in Asmara. –Owing to the potable water system potable water projects worth of 16.6 implemented, 79% of the residents million Nakfa were implemented At the meeting in which head of the Southern region have access in 16 villages and two towns, Mr. of regional offices of the union, to clean water, Mr. Kibrom Misgna, Kibrom pointed out that over 40 representatives of line ministries head of water branch at the region thousand residents have become and national associations took stated. beneficiaries. part, reports were presented on the all rounded programmes Stating that in the last several years Stating that repair services was carried out last year; challenges potable water projects have been conducted on several damaged encountered as well as the put in place in villages, semi-urban water projects, Mr. Kibrom indicated role of women in the national centers, and towns, Mr. Kibrom said that in 2018 alone, over 28 water development programs. The Speaking at the event, Ms. Tekea improve their livelihoods. Indicating that 25% of the projects are manual distribution centers and 250 manual participants conducted extensive Tesfamicael, Chairperson of the that the question of women is the pumped, and 54% are solar and pumps were repaired and ready for discussion of the reports union, indicated that commendable question of the society, Ms. Tekea electric powered. service. presented and adopted various activities have been conducted called for reinforced participation in recommendations. in 2018 to empower women and the effort to empower women.
Elabered: Call to reinforce village regrouping Governor of Anseba region, Mr. sub zone has not been as successful meeting public demands, facilitating Ali Mahmud made a call to reinforce and have become impediment to the the process of village regrouping effort in village regrouping in the 14 socio-economic development of the among others. administrative areas of Elabered sub sub zone. The Governor thus pointed zone. that regrouping of villages will be The residents on their part the prior duty of area administrations called for the alleviation of lack of In a meeting conducted with in this year. social services in villages of Deqi residents, Governor Ali indicated Reminding area administrators to Andu, Sheib-Seleba, Adi-Berbere, that even though the regional shoulder their responsibilities, Mr. Dembe-Habtesion as well as for the administration has been discussing Ali also called on the administrators completion of the master plan of the issue, regrouping villages in the to exert effort with the objective of Eden sub urban center.
Monetary contribution Vocational training provided to 158 youth in support of martyrs’ families The Massawa Vocational Training the head of the training center Mr. Media in the Ministry of Education Nationals residing inside and outside the country have contributed around Center provided a four month Suleman Jaber stated that the center on his part indicated that as part 8,400 Euro, 6 thousand USD, 72 thousand Nakfa, 1650 Canadian Dollar and vocational training to 158 youth has trained over 300 youth in the last of providing regular educational 1,500 Saudi Riyal in support of the families of martyrs. including 75 females. two years of its establishment. service the Ministry in cooperation with stakeholders is exerting efforts According to report from the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare, nationals The training provided to youth Pointing that the trainees will be to provide youth with vocational grouped as YPFDJ Pal-talk group in Dallas, USA contributed 6 thousand aged 25-35 from Emberemi, provided with work equipments, trainings. USD, the Aschaffenburg Association of 20 June, Germany, 2,600 Euro, the Hirgigo and three administrative Head of Education in the Northern Association of Eritro-German, 30 thousand Nakfa, and NUEW community in areas of the port city of Massawa Red Sea region, Mr. Reshid Trainees on their part thanking for the city of Giessen, Germany 650 Euro. included basic construction skills, Mehammed-Osman on his part stated the training opportunities created electronics, electricity, plumbing as that effort will be exerted to organize for them expressed conviction to The Ministry further indicated that the Eritrean Community in Fulda and its well as making fishing and marine the youth trained with fishing become self-supportive and role environs, Frankfurt-Germany contributed 5,150 Euro, one Eritrean family and technology. technology under the umbrella of the models in their areas. one individual from inside the country contributed 42 thousand Nakfa, and Ministry of Marine Resources. a national from Saudi Arabia contributed 1,523 Saudi Riyal. The report also Speaking at the graduation Mr. Gebrezghi Dimam, Director The Massawa Vocational Training stated that underage Eritrean nationals from Hamilton and Burlington cities in ceremony conducted on 21 February, General of Adult Education and Center was established in 2017. Canada contributed 1,650 Canadian Dollar to augment martyrs trust fund.
Also in related news, Eritrean community in Israel contributed over 221 thousand Dollars to augment martyrs’ trust fund as well as in support of the National Association of Eritrean War Disabled Veterans (NAEWDV).
According to report from the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare, the 201 thousand Dollars was contributed in support the families of martyrs, and the remaining USD 19,650 in support of the National Association Eritrean War Disabled Veterans.
The nationals expressed readiness to strengthen their organizational capacity and sustainably continue their support.
Speaking at the event, the Charge d’Affairs at the Eritrean Embassy in Israel, Mr. Solomon Kinfe commended the nationals for their contribution in support of martyrs families and the war disabled veterans. Eritrea Profile,Wednesday, February 27, 2019 Vol 25 No 104 2
Tekeda Alemu’s futile attempts to ignore history and facts
Sophia Tesfamariam nor helped assuage the inferiority Ethiopia irreplaceable human and Menelik Palace and Ethiopia’s Prime Minister Hailemariam complex that he and the TPLF material resources. The TPLF’s Foreign Ministry. The TPLF once declared publicly that In the Centre for Dialogue, regime seems to be inflicted with. 27 year long reign of terror and the regime used the African Union he was ready to go to Asmara Research and Cooperation Why else would “Tesfenya”, as international crimes committed to engineer the illegal, unjust in search of peace. Eritrea did (DCRC) paper, “The conundrum he is known to his friends, spend by the regime and its surrogates and unfair UN sanctions against not take the offer seriously, of present Ethiopian foreign so much energy and time bad against the people of Ethiopia, Eritrea1. The Wikileaks American perhaps because for Eritrea it policy—in search of a roadmap mouthing and maligning Eritrea Eritrea and Somalia surpassed Embassy cables also exposed was not the message that was for Ethiopia’s foreign and national and its leadership, a leadership that of the Derg, but Tekeda Tekeda Alemu’s participation in critical, but the messenger. In security policy and strategy”, he will never in a million years Alemu painted a rosy picture and the TPLF’s behind-the-scenes other words, Asmara had no Tekeda Alemu, former Ethiopian be able to match in experience marketed the TPLF’s belligerent manipulations and machinations confidence in the previous top Ambassador to the United or grit? Was he just following and intransigent domestic and against Eritrea and its leadership. leadership of the EPRDF, which Nations, attempts to conceal orders from the capital or did he foreign policies in international essentially meant the TPLF….” the vacuity of the ousted TPLF also share the TPLF’s sentiments circles. The African Union, since its regime’s foreign policy with yet for its “brotherly” neighbors in inception, has been manipulated He is right, Asmara had no reason another long winded hortatory Eritrea? Successive Ethiopian For brevity’s sakes, this author by Ethiopia’s leaders and the to trust the ignominious TPLF rhetoric. A cursory look at media rulers made costly and deadly will not be analyzing the DCRC TPLF was no different. While regime. No matter his personal and other reports show him to be mistakes with attempts to elevate paper in its entirety, suffice it Ethiopians were being massacred convictions, Hailemariam at the center, and the source of Ethiopia’s stature in the region to mention the most salient and and detained on masse and Desalegn’s overtures were empty major distortions, disinformation by undermining Eritrea, but the most egregious. Interesting that millions displaced from their time buying gimmicks, as the and mal-information about the mercenary TPLF’s servitude he defers to notes in his own homes and villages, the African TPLF dominated EPRDF was not Horn of Africa in general, and was the ugliest. In left no stone diary as opposed to the truckload Union remained conspicuously prepared to abide by the Algiers Eritrea in particular. None of unturned to endear itself to of documents at his disposal to silent. In 2005, when innocent Agreements. Unlike Tekeda the latest pretentious verbiage European and Americans… create a revisionist narrative of the Ethiopians were massacred in Alemu, the former Prime Minister will change the recorded facts of it became the quintessential TPLF regime and its aggressive cold blood right under its nose, was unwilling to continue serving his checkered and unprincipled mercenary regime and Tekeda war mongering policies. In the for protesting the regime’s vote the intransigence TPLF regime, Foreign Service career. A Alemu its willing surrogate…. DCRC paper, Tekeda Alemu rigging, the AU looked the so he resigned. He also seems revisionist white washing of the wrote the following: other way. It was also silent on to have changed his mind about TPLF regime’s criminality is a Tekeda Alemu seems to have the genocides committed in the the leadership in Asmara. In an non-starter… a hard time coming to terms the “…It is also widely recognized Gambela, Ogaden and Oromia interview he conducted after his Eritrea Ethiopia Peace declaration that Ethiopia has been second regions of Ethiopia. It also visit to Asmara, he had this to say Unfortunately longevity at the and the rapid changes taking to none in aligning its positions remained silent on the two-year about the President of Eritrea: UN seems to have neither tamed place in the Horn of Africa. The on all issues with those of long nationwide protests that changes have caught him and the African Union. In this engulfed Ethiopia, and threatened “…Today, I have met many others like him totally off regard it was a champion in the nation’s “descent into the President Isaias Afwerki in a guard. This development brought the Security Council in 2017 abyss”, bringing the TPLF regime personal level. And I didn’t an end to the 27 year long minority and 2018, mobilizing support to its knees. As for Ethiopia have any idea that he was this rule in Ethiopia and with it an for objectives that the AU promoting Africa’s interests, humble and respectful. The end to the 20 year long conflict wanted promoted. Ethiopia… charity begins at home. man is an extraordinary man. between Eritrea and Ethiopia. has never allowed the African He even showed us who he is This modern day bastard feudal is Union to be marginalized Alemu writes that Ethiopia and what type of person he is Published Every not fooling anyone by pretending on issues that fall within the was saved from the abyss by PM when he was in Ethiopia. Now I Published Every SaturdayPublished & Wednesday Every to feign concern for the people in purview of the organization. Abiy Ahmed’s Administration know that he is a selfless person Wednesday & Saturday the region after eagerly serving Africa has also thus been a but insists the TPLF was on the who works for his people. I am Saturday & Wednesday two of Ethiopia’s most notorious priority for Ethiopia’s foreign right path: telling you this because I want regimes, the brutal military policy. While zeroing in on to tell the world what I saw Acting Editor Derg regime and the TPLF’s Ethiopia’s national interest “…the performance of the today…” AmanuelActing EditorMesfun entrenched kleptocracy. as we conducted our foreign EPRDF leadership, particularly Amanuel Mesfun policy, we also made sure that in foreign policy all the way Not sure what economic and [email protected] Mesfun [email protected] Since 1991, the record will Ethiopia paid attention to through 2012, was very sound security interests were promoted, show that Tekeda Alemu’s values the interest of Africa and the and firmly anchored in a but the TPLF kleptocracy is now P.O.Box: 247 aligned perfectly with that of common positions adopted by commitment to protect the being accused of corruption and P.O.Box: 247 the minority TPLF regime in the organization…” national security of the country theft of over 30 billion dollars Tel: 11-41-14 Fax: 12-77-49 Ethiopia. He was the useful idiot and to promote its economic from the national coffers. If by Fax: 12-77-49 (an educated one at that) chosen to With the release of the and security interest…” Ethiopia’s security interests he E-mail: do their bidding. A man who had WikiLeaks cables in 2009, the means more funds for lucrative [email protected]@[email protected] zena.gov.er borne witness and turned a blind extent of Ethiopia’s manipulation Is he implying it went south adventures such as in the Advertisement: 12-50-13 eye to the carnage under the brutal of the African Union (AU) and after Meles Zenawi’s death? So “Global war on terror” …he is Derg regime had no qualms doing the Intergovernmental Agency what was the policy post Meles? probably right. The international the same under its successor, the on Development (IGAD) has community has also learned its Layout ousted TPLF regime. Today, he become a matter of public record. The flip flopping diplomat lesson. After investing billions is trying to white wash the TPLF It seems the African Union writes: AAzmerazmera BerhaneBerhane Sara Alem regime’s crimes and foreign and IGAD were both reduced AidaSara JoharAlem policy mistakes that have cost to becoming an extension of “…It is to be recalled that continued on page 5
Disclaimer: articles published in this column do not reflect the stance or opinion of Eritrea Profile Eritrea Profile,Wednesday, February 27, 2019 Vol 25 No 104 3
Synopsis of the Archaeological Findings from the Greater Asmara Area
Abraham Zerai in one way, of an expansion or intensification of established The 1st millennium B.C. is an contacts with other peoples of the important period to understand southern Red Sea. The elaborate changes in settlement, technology manifestations of interregional and economies that gave rise to the cultural contacts appear in places development of complex societies like Matara and Keskese during in various regions of the African the 1st millennium B.C., a time of continent. The Horn of Africa saw the expanded political and commercial development of extensive highland activity in much of Africa and the agro-pastoralist village communities Indian Ocean world. as well as elite ritual centers in highland Eritrea and northern While continuities are apparent, Ethiopia. The expansion of cultural there are also important discontinuities Fig.1. Excavated household units from Mai Chihot(left) and Sembel(right) exchanges and interaction patterns in settlement between the pre-1st during the epoch had significant millennium B.C. populations and the preceding periods had provoked Eastern societies were portrayed as pastoral settlements that flourished impacts on the development of the 1st millennium B.C. populations archaeologists to look into the bestowing civilizations on African around Asmara are seen as vital agro-pastoralism, permanent village in northern Horn of Africa. Such evolution of complex communities in communities. precursors to the later mid-1st settlement and continuation of ritual discontinuity is particularly apparent the Horn differently from long-held millennium B.C. urban settlements manifestations. in the settlements that flourished in assumptions and postulations. Many Interpretations focusing on external in the central highlands of Eritrea at sites such as Matara, Keskese and The 1st millennium B.C. witnessed perhaps Qohaito. The demographic the culmination of socio-economic complexity seen at the sites around and socio-political patterns and Asmara between 800 B.C. - 400 processes that began earlier around 5th B.C. is an extraordinary period in the millennium. Already established food ancient history of the Horn. production strategies blossomed into full-fledged intensive agro-pastoral A constellation of settlements traditions by the 1st millennium was distributed over much of the B.C. Pastoralism was coupled with plateau and various excavations at intensive cultivation of domesticated the sites of Sembel, Ona Gudo, Mai cereals and pulses of both African Husta, Weki Duba, Adi Segdo, Adi and Near Eastern origin. Stone tool Abieto and Mai Chihot provided technology was linked with metal Fig.2. Pottery typical of Greater Asmara Communities from Sembel site key insights into the variation of technology as already established the settlements in the region. The ceramic tradition became elaborated. the Asmara Plateau, where sedentary interpretations by scholars interested influences as the primary catalyst excavations uncovered architectural The 1st millennium communities also agro-pastoral communities appear in the development of complex for complex societies and state remains and several household units developed long established patterns around or just after 900 B.C. The societies in the northern Horn are development in the Horn of Africa further providing important evidence of interaction, further expanding absence of pre-1st millennium geared in a view that attributes were not critically assessed prior to of daily life including diet, economy, trade engagement with people from cultural layers in the Asmara Plateau the development of African social the findings from the Greater Asmara ritual and ideological life, trade and surrounding regions. The appearance is quite unique in the region. The fact complexity to foreign influences and this edition of the column will domestic activities. Two phases of new forms of iconography and that the communities settled in areas and innovations stressing one way highlight how ancient 1st millennium of settlement history have been material culture is a testimony, and in concentrations not apparent in donor-recipient relations. Near B.C. settled communities in the understood in the Greater Asmara Asmara plateau have helped shape/ Area, with both the earlier and later change previously held perspectives phases particularly demonstrating of social complexity in this part of the nature of social organization in the Horn. The local elements of the the region. settled communities in the Asmara plateau are emphasized to show how Dates from the archaeological they differ from contemporaneous sites of Sembel, Mai-Hutsa, Ona highland civilization in the northern Gudo range from the 9th century Horn. B.C. to the 4th century B.C. implying the earlier phases of the settlements The highlands around Asmara can be understood from these sites. supported the earliest settled agro- Similarly, radio carbon dates from pastoral communities known in the Mai Chihot site provide perspectives Horn between 800 B.C.-400 B.C. on the later phases of the 1st These communities predate and are millennium B.C. settlements in the in one way contemporaneous with Asmara plateau. Dates from Mai 1st millennium B.C. settlements in central highlands of Eritrea Fig.3. Bronze artifacts (left) and beads (right) from Mai-Temenai and northern Ethiopia. The agro- continued on page 5
A column prepared in collaboration with the Eritrea’s culture and sports commission Eritrea Profile,Wednesday, February 27, 2019 Vol 25 No 104 4
Continuing the Importance of Adapting : a Guide to Combatting Culture Shock
By: Ellen Haile will ensure their prosperity as to dedicate a few hours a day to at well. least one family member. In case Culture shock is undeniably there are instances of cultural cues a disorienting experience. Moving or visiting a new country that you do not comprehend, this Transitioning from one way of life involves an adjustment period can be a good opportunity to ask to another doesn’t come without that requires one to get familiar and learn from a local. Using your a few challenges – even for those with any and everything that is… time wisely and learning your who may think they are prepared well, unfamiliar. Levels of culture neighborhood can show you how to embrace a new lifestyle. shock will vary depending on everyday people also function on each individual – meaning, if you a day to day basis. As time goes Taking a look at my time in are flexible and willing to tolerate on, the hope is that eventually you Asmara so far, my challenges change, it may become slightly will be able to gain better skills in include a struggle with fluently easier for you to adapt than order to shift in and out of your two speaking Tigrigna, understanding someone who is set on meeting cultures – taking what is needed how social norms function in all of their expectations. Research and essentially becoming a well- this society, and simply getting has shown that it is easier for the rounded and cultured person who accustomed to everyday routines youth (children and early teens) has accepted both identities. here. I was very surprised at to adapt at a swifter rate than how draining this experience their older counterparts. This is Now let’s take a look at Eritreans other’s stances, how hard it may members nearby. was (and still is) for me – but it evident as social norms and values who have decided to move abroad. be for you to communicate with It is important to emphasize that each other, or how hard it is for struggling to adapt is normal and them to adjust or interact with okay. It is simply discomfort and others even years from when stress which should go away with they first settled abroad. If there time as you learn to understand is not enough accessible support, your culture and surroundings. resources, or preparation, it is There are pros and cons of living common to see those who have in any society and it is very vital left their home country push back to remain open and accepting to against the new foreign culture new ideas, people, and feelings. they are in – or even regret their This can essentially make or break move. Results of this may be the way you live – wherever you solitude, anxiety/depression, or live. It is possible that not being even alcohol and drug abuse in able to acclimate can hinder extreme cases. In these cases, the opportunities of your future the responsibility lies with the and essentially limit you from diaspora in being aware of those reaching your full potential. who are coming from back home Simply respecting and accepting and being sure to lend a helping where you are (although this does made me consider two things: 1) become harder to let go. Patience For those of us in the diaspora, hand or providing resources for not mean to blindly follow cultural how members of the diaspora can is a key value to learn during this look to your parents as an example. adaptation – especially if they norms even if you are against prepare a visit to Asmara, and 2) time as having a completely easy You may seem to notice how often don’t seem to have a functioning them) can allow you the chance to how Eritreans who move abroad transition is simply a misnomer. you seem to disagree with each support system or available family grow and take over. for good can smoothly transition to life outside of Eritrea. First, let’s take a look at first generation Eritrean youth abroad. Why is this important? Ensuring Their parents will undoubtedly that the Eritrean diaspora is able to have wishes that their children live successfully in any area of the will fully know authentic Eritrean world should be a concern for us culture – but other institutions all. For the diaspora born outside challenge that and so behavioral of Eritrea, getting us to connect differences begin to form. It is with our roots and understand easier for us who are in the first the significance of our culture generation to adapt to the country can help boost attention and care we were born or raised into. in regards to keeping us in touch Having two identities can seem with the current goings-on of our polarizing at times – it may feel home country. For Eritreans who like you’re not 100% of anything have emigrated elsewhere, a key and results of these differences may reason to adapt would be to get the include a lack of understanding most benefits possible to sustain a or acceptance of your parent pleasant livelihood – essentially identity, culture, or traditions. For being able to give back to family those who decide to visit Eritrea, members back home in ways that a simple tip to adapting would be Eritrea Profile,Wednesday, February 27, 2019 Vol 25 No 104 5 Tekeda Alemu’s futile attempts . . .
Eritrea Ethiopia Boundary Commission’s EEBC’s final and binding delimitation and “…What was done in the past needs continued from page 2 delimitation and demarcation decisions. demarcation decisions, responsible and to be treated very seriously, even There were no genuine peace proposals civilized? mercilessly, because of the calamity that in Ethiopia-they have nothing to show for presented by the TPLF regime. It chose could have resulted in the country. This it… instead to introduce time buying gimmicks As for “removal from office of the President was avoided thanks to the new leadership to annul, amend, reverse, revisit, and Isais Afwerki”, he told the audience at the of the EPRDF, which helped avoid what The narcissistic TPLF diplomat seems to revise the EEBC’s decisions. The TPLF’s Gezategaru Paltalk room that everyone in had appeared at the time to be a likely have a very selective recollection of what intransigence and refusal to vacate from the international community wanted regime descent into the abyss from which it transpired in 1998-2000. In order to fit his Badme and other territories today, is speaks change in Eritrea but that it was not an easy would haven been difficult to pull the narrative, he writes that in 1999: volumes about the junta’s stance on peace. thing to do. He even compared Eritrea to country. For this alone the current Cuba and alluded to efforts by the US to leadership of the EPRDF deserves hearty “…Ethiopia became the party to For a seasoned diplomat, Tekeda Alemu oust Fidel Castro. So why deny the fact commendation…” dither and prevaricate, using all sorts exposes complete lack of acumen and that it was the agenda all along? Surely, of gimmicks by way of filibustering to extreme megalomania. He writes: the TPLF was not financing and harboring PM Abiy’s government needs men and avoid a peaceful resolution of the crisis. groups in Awassa and Mekele for the heck women with strong values and principles, The military balance had shifted and “….One must credit the Eritrean of it. Meles Zenawi admitted he wanted who respect the Ethiopian people and don’t population size and other factors made leadership with having been prescient regime change and so did Hailemariam take them for granted. It needs statesmen a difference, leading to the conclusion in and for its spot-on prognostication. The Desalagn… and said so openly… so why is with strong ethics, not opportunists with Asmara that a peaceful resolution was TPLF domination of the EPRDF proved Tekeda Alemu lying? no conscience, who watch in silence as the the best option. In Addis the reverse was to be short-lived, as the Eritrean President nation descends into the abyss…as Tekeda the conclusion…” hoped. But it doesn’t follow that Asmara Old habits die hard… Alemu did with the Derg regime, and then is vindicated by what has transpired…” again with the TPLF regime… The record shows Eritrea’s stance on the Yes, President Isaias Afwerki did read Tekeda Alemu who rushed back to issue very clearly, no matter what he wrote the situation in Ethiopia correctly and Ethiopia to join the brutal Derg regime and It is time to break the cycle in Ethiopia. in his personal diaries. Eritrea sought a predicted the regime’s demise, but Tekeda then stayed on to serve the kleptocratic peaceful solution to the dispute from the very Alemu chose to bury his head in the sand. minority TPLF regime, seems to be 1http://eritrean-smart.org/content/conspiracy-and- beginning. The TPLF regime using human He believed the TPLF to be invincible… buttering up the new EPRDF leadership. lies-sanctions-chronology Accessed 14 February 2019 wave tactics launched three successive Tekeda Alemu writes this about the He writes: offensives in which Ethiopians were used TPLFs conduct during the 1998-2000 as cannon fodder and minesweepers in its Eritrea Ethiopia war: aggressive war of invasion and occupation. If TPLF considered military balance and ‘…The Government of Ethiopia had Synopsis of the Archaeological . . . population size as being to its advantage, it acted in a responsible and civilized only shows its ignorance, and its inability to manner by paying heed to diplomatic learn from previous Ethiopian leaders… overtures from the international complexity resultant of the exploitation of the ontinued from page 3 community. An attempt, on the other c gold mines. The manufacture of bull´s head When in 2002, when the Boundary hand, must not be made to lose sight of fashioned out of chipped and ground stones Commission delivered its delimitation the fact that Ethiopia’s war mission in Chihot fall within the spectrum of 300 B.C. also united the communities around ritual and decision, Seyoum Mesfin lied to the 2000 did neither include the annexation to 220 B.C. and the interpretation is further ideological manifestations. The objects are Ethiopian people and told them Badme had of Eritrea nor the removal from office of corroborated by the very different material commonly scattered over the central part of the been awarded to Ethiopia. Tekeda Alemu President Isais Afewerki. Our military culture and architecture at the site. Asmara plateau between 700-500 B.C. went along, and when it became clear to all and diplomatic victory against irredentist that Badme had been awarded to Eritrea, he Eritrea allowed us not only to dislodge The settlements in general represent an In conclusion, the claims that peoples of the tried everything to get the decision reversed. the enemy from sovereign Ethiopian agro-pastoral society living in communities highlands of Eritrea owed their cultural genesis BBC reported the following on 12 March territory, but to shift all our focus of of varying size from scattered homesteads to from interactions with the peoples of the South 2003, almost a year after the Boundary attention and resources into what we villages and small towns with a high regional Arabian Peninsula of the Nile basin are not Commission delivered its final and binding believe to be our veritable enemy – population density. The settlements in the reflected in the Asmara plateau. The majority delimitation decision: extreme poverty…” Asmara Plateau are characterized by few or of the communities in the Asmara Plateau little evidence of architectural features making grew in an organic manner and evidence for “…Mr Tekeda said he was “disappointed The EEBC decision that awarded Badme them distinct from ceremonial or ritual centers monumental architecture, epigraphic evidence and saddened” by this criticism because to Eritrea reaffirmed Eritrea’s sovereignty like Matara and Keskese which flourished in and specialized funerary ceramics is virtually Ethiopia “was not trying to reopen over the disputed territories. If Ethiopia the mid-1st millennium B.C. The settlement lacking. Only towards the terminal stage of the the substance of the matter”….But he was not trying to annex Badme, what history, especially in the main settlement phases settlements do we see instances of differences insisted that the town of Badme, which was the conflict about? How does Tekeda is marked by a high degree of egalitarianism in material culture and architecture that possibly was the key prize in the war must remain Alemu explain the 1997 Greater Tigray map and thus far with few signs of social or political mark social differentiation. The coming of Ethiopian…”I would find it absolutely that incorporated swatches of sovereign differentiation, perhaps a characteristic that bronze objects and beads reveal a change difficult to believe that any person in his Eritrean territories? This map also took arises partly out of pastoral roots. linked to the rise of elites in settlements like right mind would put Badme in Eritrea,” chunks of land from the Gondar and Wollo Matara in the later stages. Such objects were he said…” provinces in Ethiopia. Can he also explain As far as diet is concerned, the communities uncovered from Mai Chihot and Mai-Temenai But the EEBC did. It unequivocally how in 1997, using military force, the TPLF relied heavily on domesticated animals where and elaborate funerary treatments reflected in awarded Badme to Eritrea…something the illegally dismantled the existing Eritrean sheep, goats and cattle provided the bulk of the items like bronze tweezers, bracelets, earrings good Ambassador refuses to accept, even administration in Adi Murug and occupied diet. The diet was supplemented by mammals, as well as beads may point to a presence of today. He wrote: it? If not to annex territories and create domestic chicken and game birds from the small elite. Ceramics from Mai-Temenai show facts on the ground, why else did the TPLF natural surroundings in sites like Mai Chihot. affinities Yeha further demonstrating the rise of “…The Badme issue is not yet resolved do that? Moreover, macro-botanical remains that were elites in the early 4th century B.C. and redeployment has yet to take place, recovered from domestic food preparation while normalization has advanced very As for responsible and civilized areas point that the communities were fully Yet, these objects are not manifest in the far, and this makes it all the more evident conduct…How does deporting 80000 agro-pastoral during the earliest occupation of majority of settlements in the Asmara Plateau that what Eritrea was waiting for was a Eritreans and Ethiopians of Eritrean decent the region, planting crops such as emmer, bread further compelling archaeologists conclude change of leadership in Ethiopia before it and confiscating properties worth billions wheat, lentils and linseed early on, and adding that the 1st millennium B.C. communities were accepted any peace proposal, no matter qualify as a civilized act? How can the tef towards the mid-1st millennium B.C. urban precursors to the civilizations which how attractive the proposal might have brutality and violence against the women started to flourish in the central highlands of been…” in the occupied territories be labeled as The communities that flourished in the Eritrea by mid-1st millennium B.C. The local being civilized? How can one describe the Asmara plateau by the 1st millennium B.C. agency demonstrated in the settlements around Tekeda Alemu is wrong again. The desecration of Eritrea’s Martyrs cemeteries also distinctively developed an extensive Asmara also helped critically envisage the issue of Badme was resolved legally as being civilized? How is the 16 year long network of gold mining as communities were development of social complexity in the Horn through international arbitration. All the occupation of sovereign Eritrean territories located nearby gold mines. Evidence from Ona of Africa during the period, a phenomenon that TPLF regime had to do was accept the in violation of the Algiers Agreements, the Gudo and Weki Duba reveal the demographic for long was ascribed to external influences. Eritrea Profile,Wednesday, February 27, 2019 Vol 25 No 104 6
Invitation for Bids
Date: 1/02/2019 of IFB Loan/Financing No: 2100150032395,200155028969 8. Bids will be opened in the presence of bidders’ IFB No: 06.2/02/ICB/ADF/DRSLP-IV/ST/L1/2019 representatives who choose to attend at 15:00 pm hours local time on 16 April, 2019, at the offices of Ministry of Agriculture of the State of Eritrea, Procurement and Supplies Management 1. This Invitation for Bids (IFB) follows the General Unit, Sawa Street, P.O. Box 1048, Tel. 002911189266/ Procurement Notice (GPN) for this Project that appeared in 002911180699, [email protected] United Nations Development Business online (UNDB online) No.AfDB510-07/15 dated 30 July 2015, and on the African Development Bank’s Internet Website (www.afdb.org). 9. The Ministry of Agriculture reserves the right to accept or reject this bid fully or in part if it finds any option better than this IFB without needing to justify the grounds for it doing so and compensation which the bidder may incurred in preparing its bid. 2. The Government of the State of Eritrea (GoSE) received a financing from the African Development Bank (ADF) in various currencies towards the cost of Drought Resilience and Sustainable Livelihoods Programme-IV Ministry of Agriculture Eritrea Programme. It is intended that part of the proceeds of this loan/financing will be applied to eligible payments under the contract for Lot 1: Pesticides.
3. The Ministry of Agriculture (MoA) now invites sealed Bids from eligible Bidders for the supply of the above mentioned goods (hereinafter called “the Goods”). International Competitive Bidding will be conducted in accordance with the Bank’s Rules and Procedures for Procurement of Goods and Works.
4. Interested eligible bidders may obtain further information from and inspect the bidding documents at the office of ERI-PROPERTY PSMU–MoA, Sawa Street, P.O. Box 1048 Tel. 002911189266/ 002911180699, email: [email protected]. REAL ESTATE BROKERAGE
Sales* Rentals * Management 5. A complete set of Bidding Documents may be received by interested bidders upon the submission of a written application to the said Executing Agency. ናይ ገዛ ክራይን መሸጣን
6. The provisions in the Instructions to Bidders and in the * Tel: 121342 / 117770 General Conditions of Contract are the provisions of the Bank’s Standard Bidding Document for Procurement of Goods. Office No. 106, Nakfa House, Tiravalo
Please register 7. Bids must be delivered to the above office on or before with us! 14:30 pm local time on 16 April, 2019 and must be accompanied by a security of Pesticides USD 13,000.00. Bids shall remain valid for 120 days after the deadline for bid submission prescribed above. Eritrea Profile,Wednesday, February 27, 2019 Vol 25 No 104 7
Job Title & number required IT Officer (01)
Duties & Functions
Responsible for administration and internal support of the Company’s PCs, printers, servers, scanners and related equipment. Tasks include end user support, license tracking, and performing PC maintenance, upgrades and configurations and other duties assigned by immediate supervisor. Installing and configuring computer hardware operating systems , applications, software, systems, networks, printers and scanners Talking staff through a series of actions, either face to face or over the telephone, email, messengers to help set up systems or resolve issues; Troubleshooting system and network problems and diagnosing and solving hardware or software faults and responding to breakdowns; Replacing parts as required; Duties & Functions Providing support, including procedural documentation and relevant reports; Following diagrams and written instructions to repair a fault or set up a system; Supporting the roll-out of new applications; Setting up new users’ accounts and profiles and dealing with password issues; Working continuously on a task until completion (or referral to third parties, if appropriate); Prioritizing and managing many open cases at one time; Rapidly establishing a good working relationship with staff and other Professionals, e.g., software developers ;ERP companies; Testing and evaluating new technology; Conducting electrical safety checks on computer equipment. Maintaining records of software licenses. Managing stocks of equipment, consumables and other supplies. Responsible for other duties assigned by immediate supervisor. Advise/consult to his/her immediate supervisor. Education IT related technical diploma. Leadership experience +3 years in user support/Help desk at enterprise level. Nature & Length of Time - Radio communication, Technical skills, Organizational skills, Interpersonal skills, Communication skills, Patience, A Other skills & abilities meticulous and methodical nature, A logical mind, Capable of working well under pressure, Enthusiasm to be continually learning. Physical Requirement Physical fit and ready to work on harsh conditions & remote area General Information and other requirements: - Thoroughness and self-sufficiency at work. - Strong communication (written and spoken) and interpersonal skills - Stress management - Willing and able to work productively in the ZMSC site - Cultural awareness and adaptability - Good team work and networking skills - Strict compliance with the safety rules of the company - Alignment with principles and ethics of ZMSC
Salary: according Company’s salary scale. Place of work: Zara Mining Share Company Koka Gold Mine Zoba Gash Braka Sub-Zoba Sala Mining Site Additional Requirement for nationals: Having fulfilled his/her National Service obligations and provide evidence of a release paper from the Ministry of Defense. Having finished registration and duty performing for the National Army, and present the release paper or registration card issued by National Army. Provide a Clearance paper from office of the Eritrean Police and present Medical Certificate from Hospital. Present Clearance paper from the current/last employer. Only short listed applicants would be considered as potential candidates for an interview. Application documents will not be returned back to the sender and/or applications should be sent through the Post Office. Deadline for application: 10 days from the day of publication in the Newspaper.
Address: Please mail your applications to: ZARA MINING SHARE CO. P. O. Box 2393. Asmara, Eritrea.
Note to Eritrean applicants: Please send a copy of your application to: Aliens Employment Permit Affairs P.O. Box 7940 Asmara, Eritrea. Eritrea Profile,Wednesday, February 27, 2019 Vol 25 No 104 8
DelveAsmait Futsumbrhan into History through Genetics
Today, Q&A invites Dr. Eyoab Iyasu Gebremeskel, an assistant professor of Biology and the director of Students’ Affairs at the College of Science in Mainefhi. He has a PhD in Population Genetics and has been engaged in research undertakings looking for evidence to prove that Eritrea could be one of the places where humans originated from.
Thank you for joining us. only history but medicine is in Africa, and I believe that motivating about this research is they were able to graduate in. I Would you please introduce also influenced by population Eritrea has a part in that. All that we are able to contribute a remember the first time I got my yourself to our readers? genetics. People’s immunity pieces of evidence that have little at an international level. scholarship was during the war. varies from one person to another. been discovered in Eritrea point The same goes for the second Thank you for having me. I got Population Genetics studies this in that direction. East Africa, as Another project is about the time when I was doing my PhD as my first diploma in Pharmacy type of problems and searches for the origin of humans, is the most genetic history of the Green well; the country was in the “no in Ethiopia. But I had to sit for solutions. Nowadays, some of the divers in terms of genetics. Sahara 10,000 years ago and war no peace” situation. But even the entrance exam all over again developed countries have taken what the migration was like. The during these hard times, many after the independence to join this matter to the next level and We are also inferring that the project focuses on the Sahara students got free education and the University of Asmara. That are carrying out more personalized sematic languages originate in Desert when it was green. This benefited from that. No doubt, the was because there was no school studies to find specific medicine these parts of Africa. We are study is also being carried out in opportunity has lifted the higher of Pharmacy at the university to a specific person based on their going to need more evidence collaboration with other scholars. educational level of the country. at the time; it opened up later DNA. but we believe that pastoralism What I want to stress more is that in 1998. Anyway, after joining also started in these areas and You are one of the many those of us who had the chance the University of Asmara, I was Although the field is new, so expanded to the whole Africa. students who had been given should bring back the experience able to get my BSc in Applied much has been accomplished in scholarship by the Government and knowledge and share it with Biology in 1996. Later, in 2002, just ten to twenty years. There is also research that is to study abroad. How has that others. It can be challenging I did my MSc in Molecular being carried out internationally helped you and others students sometimes; however, we should Biology in Bacterial Genetics at Tell us about some of the about Tuberculosis. Everyone is just like yourself? consider our culture and beliefs the University of Cape Town in research papers you have worked exposed to tuberculosis as it is an and the existing situation we have South Africa. I then got my PhD on so far… airborne disease. Nonetheless, only I did both my MSc and in our country. That is the only way in Molecular Biology in Human 10% are exposed. We are doing PhD through scholarships the we can succeed in implementing Population Genetics in 2014 at My PhD thesis was on the research through an international government offered me. There are the knowledge we have. the University of Khartoum. History of Eritrean Genetics collaboration to find out why many people who were presented in Relation to East Africa. It is that happens. Many people are with such opportunities and have Anything you would like to Not many people are probably believed that humans originated involved in the project. What is come back to work in the field share before we conclude our familiar with what Population interview, Dr. Eyoab? Genetics is. Would you clarify that? We lack in the awareness of the community and students. We have Yes. I would like to get into to do more presentations and lift that. Even I wasn’t familiar with up the knowledge of the students the field even though I studied in science. Our minds shouldn’t Biology. I never knew that history be limited to what we can do could be studied through Biology. with the resources we have. We History incorporates many topics can do small scale research. Our such as how humans originated, students need to believe that what activities they did and so they can make the most of the on. Scientists use a number of opportunities they are attaining. methods to discover those topics We are Africans, studied in Africa through archeology, anthropology, and we can solve the problems in sociology and languages which Africa. Hopefully, we will make lead to answers about where the field of Population Genetics populations originated and how popular and get to the level of the related they are. Today, we are developed countries. Whether you at a level where we can study want to study genetics, history, this through DNA. Population language or medicine, DNA is the Genetics is the study of a group center of it all. I also believe that of people. It could be done at an we can accomplish much more if ethnic group level or at a country all the departments come together level as a whole. What makes and work in collaboration with this field stimulating is that not one another.