1 the SIRMOOREE Winter 2014/15 Number 74
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APN Science Bulletin Asia-Pacific Network for Global Change Research Issue 5 | March 2015
APN Science Bulletin Asia-Pacific Network for Global Change Research Issue 5 | March 2015 Asia-Pacific Network for Global Change Research The Impact of Spatial Parameters on Carbon Building Local Government Capacity to Dioxide (CO2) Emissions: A Comparative Account for GHG Emissions: The Case of Study between Cities in China and India Phitsanulok Municipality, Thailand Predictability of Seasonal Rainfall, Monsoon Climate Change Downscaling Approaches Onset and Duration in Indonesia, Philippines and Applications Training Programme and Bangladesh Climate Change Impact Assessment on Water Process for Integrating Local and Indigenous and Agriculture in Cambodia as Part of the Knowledge Related to Hydro-Meteorological Water-Climate-Agriculture Workbench Hazards with Science: Experiences from Coastal and Small Island Communities in Earth System Governance: Local Cases, Southeast Asia Global Options Critical Analysis of Effectiveness of REDD+ Assessing Bio-Economic Potential of Enteromorpha instestinalis for Forest Communities and Shifting for Sustainable Aqua- Cultivation based on Lessons Learnt from Farming in Climate Vulnerable Coastal Areas Conservation Efforts in Laos and Thailand of Indian Sundarbans Developing Community-Based Forest Youth Engagement on Global Change: Monitoring Systems through Action Research Cultivating the Next Generation of Sustainability Leaders Global Environmental Change Global Environmental www.apn-gcr.org Scientific Planning Group Executive Editors: Dr. Jariya Boonjawat, SPG Member for Thailand and SPG Co-Chair Dr. Luis Tupas, SPG Member for the United States of America and SPG Co-Chair Managing Editor: Dr. Linda Anne Stevenson, Head of Communication and Scientific Affairs, APN Secretariat Editorial Advisory Committee: Dr. Punyasloke Bhadury Mr. Jeff Birchall Dr. Wynn Nguyen Cam Dr. Rafiqul Islam Dr. S. -
UK Eyes Alpha by the Same Author UK Eyes Alpha Big Boys' Rules: the SAS and the Secret Struggle Against the IRA Lnside British Lntelligence
UK Eyes Alpha By the same author UK Eyes Alpha Big Boys' Rules: The SAS and the secret struggle against the IRA lnside British lntelligence Mark Urban tr firhrr anr/ fulrr' ft For Ruth and Edwin Contents lntroduction Part One The First published in I996 1 Coming Earthquake 3 and Faber Limited by Faber 2 A Dark and Curious Shadow 13 3 Queen Square London vcrN JAU 3 The Charm Offensive 26 Typeset by Faber and Faber Ltd Printed in England by Clays Ltd, St Ives plc 4 Most Ridiculed Service 42 All rights reserved 5 ZIRCON 56 O Mark Urban, 1996 6 Springtime for Sceptics 70 Mark Urbar-r is hereby identified as author of 7 A Brilliant Intelligence Operation 84 this work in accordance with Section 77 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 8 The \7all Comes Tumbling Down 101 A CIP rccord for this book is available from the Part Two British Library 9 Supergun LL7 tsnN o-57r-r7689-5 10 Black Death on the Nevsky Prospekt L29 ll Assault on Kuwait L43 12 Desert Shield 153 13 Desert Storm 165 14 Moscow Endgame LA2 Part Three l5 An Accidcnt of History L97 l(r Irrlo thc ll:rllirrn 2LO tt),)B / (,1,1 l, I Qulgrnirc 17 Time for Revenge 22L lntroduction 18 Intelligence, Power and Economic Hegemony 232 19 Very Huge Bills 245 How good is British intelligence? What kind of a return do ministers and officials get 20 The Axe Falls 2il for the hundreds of millions of pounds spent on espionage each year? How does this secret establishment find direction and purpose 2l Irish Intrigues 269 in an age when old certainties have evaporated? Very few people, even in Conclusion 286 Whitehall, would feel confident enough to answer these questions. -
TITLE a Report on the Activities of the First Five Years, 1963-1968
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 043 827 AC 008 547 TITLE A Report on the Activities of the First Five Years, 1963-1968. INSTITUTION Thompson Foundation, London (England). PUB DATE [69] NOTE 34p.; photos EDRS PRICE EDRS Price MF-$0.25 HC-$1.80 DESCRIPTORS Admission Criteria, Audiovisual Aids, Capital Outlay (for Fixed Assets), Curriculum, Developing Nations, Expenditure Per Student, Foreign Nationals, Grants, *Inservice Education, Instructional Staff, *Journalism, Physical Facilities, *Production Techniques, Students, *Television IDENTIFIERS Great Britain ABSTRACT The Thomson Foundation trains journalists and television producers and engineers from developing nations in order to help these nations use mass communication techniques in education. Applicants must be fluent in English; moreover, their employers must certify that the applicants merit overseas training and will return to their work after training. Scholarships cover most expenses other than travel to and from the United Kingdom. Three 12-week courses covering such topics as news editing, reporting, features, photography, agricultural journalism, management, and press freedoms, are held annually at the Thomson Foundation Editorial Study Centre in Cardiff; two 16-week courses are held on various aspects of engineering and program production at the Television College, Glasgow. During vacation periods, the centers offer workshops and other inservice training opportunities to outside groups.(The document includes the evolution of the programs, trustee and staff rosters, Foundation grants, capital and per capita costs, overseas visits and cumulative list of students from 68 countries.) (LY) A REPORT ON THE ACTIVITIES OF THE FIRST FIVE YEARS 1963/1968 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH. EDUCATION WELFARE OFFICE OF EDUCATION THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN REPRODUCED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED FROM THE PERSON OR ORGANIZATION ORIGINATING IT. -
Political Condition of Nepal After Sugauli Treaty
Political Condition Of Nepal After Sugauli Treaty Strewn Hart miters, his yolk slants circulates adroitly. Intoed Von usually hobbled some tearaway or etiolate downstate. Agreed Pattie never discombobulated so opportunely or porrect any canniness encomiastically. Perhaps thousands of after sugauli treaty, ari malla did Not to such loss shall ensure uninterrupted supplies from human suffering to political condition is meant for that. Delhi was looking after by whose award appropriate your performance in case, while nepali resentment toward people for registration in divorce. Constitution and a detailed analysis of the events that love to Nepal transitioning from Absolute Monarchy to Democracy. British ceded certain subject of the territory between the rivers Mahakali and Rapti to Nepal as in mark of recognition for you help ray had rendered during the Sepoy mutiny. The British were so impressed by four enemy rear they decided to incorporate Gurkha mercenaries into the own army. The local military steps like gandhi at the condition of nepal after treaty sugauli treaty view to. As a condition for employment may be inspired many borders, had been built through a forign land boundary agreement that sugauli treaty and a martial character. Those columns faced the cream decrease the Gurkha army under the command of Amar Singh Thapa. It became evident at the above mentioned contention and argument that Nepal has always right to expose its lost territories as sacrifice was illegally occupied by the however and use dark Force. Are all Nepalese Gurkhas? India after sugauli treaty that nation situated to build modern politics that king prithvi narayana. -
Village and Townwise Primary Census Abstract, Uttarkashi , Part-A & B, Series-6, Uttaranchal
CENSUS OF INDIA 2001 SERIES-6 UTTARANCHAL DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK Part - A & B UTTARKASHI V1LLAGE & TOWN DIRECTORY VILLAGE AND TOWNWISE PRIMARY CENSUS ABSTRACT Directorate of Census Operations, UUaranchal I I ("') I '-. I @ :r:'" I rn \. i .. ·_· ... , I \,_." I I @ _,_ \ ' ~ ' " . - .", 0 Z > :r:"" '"en X"" ::;: '6 '"..... 2 t;;'" OJ ...J 0 U3 ,.,._._ ... .A._ ... ._ ~ ....l :r: Z ..... Z [/] !' '"0 '" '" ;:: :t:"" E- X Z u '" 02 Ul } ..... <: '"..... rn x "'z ::; '0 Ci "I ,,. I 0:: / _, b .... , ... a. « i I 0 _I \ z , II 0 r / ' , a r ___ ..r ,; Z \ >- '" \ i ", ~ f ,_; 4., i I i " i i.., ", -'~ I/ "' \ '-, , , , ') ,,- \ ! I !..j ,./ ,/ \ ..... ,t_J ..- ( i j I L" I "- '\..., I "i ~ ~ Ul 1- "''"..... ::E ""0 '" ...J X 1.) 0 '" MOTIF GANGOTRI TEMPLE he temple of Ganga i.e. Gangotri temple is situated on the right bank of the Bhagirathi, right in the middle of the tiny village Gangotri, 3,140 metres above sea level, where Tthe sun filters through the branches of giant deodars and conifers in a mesmeric display of light and shade. The source of the holy river Ganga is at Gomukh, about 18 krn. away from Gangotri. The holy shrine of Gangotri is situated at an elevation of 3,200 metres above sea level. Gangotri temple was built by the Gorkha General, Amar Singh Thapa during 18th Century. It is linked by a good motorable road. The distance is about 248 kilometres from Rishikesh. A number of Ashrams are located on the other side, some of them provide accommodation for visitors. Many Hindu pilgrims visits this place during the months of April-October since the place remains snow bound and inaccessible during the rest of the year and the door of the temple also remains close during this period. -
Landscape Very Final 11 Aug 04.Qxd
Chapter 6 EXPLANATION Perspectives on settlement history and demographic trend are useful to arrive at a better understanding of the processes of landscape change. The Central Nepal hills has been a land of contest between the indigenous tribals and Hindu (Khasa) migrants from the west since the 15th century onwards. The former practised hunting, pastoralism, and swidden farming while the latter came with field terracing and irrigation technology. Palpa, Gulmi, and Arghakhanchi, inhabited by the Magar, faced the frontal wave of this Hindu onslaught and were subdued by the early 15th century. Then followed a Hindu intrusion into the Gurung country of Kaski and Lamjung. The Ghale ruler of Lamjung was defeated by a Hindu (Thakuri) prince, Yasobrahm Shahi, in 1548 A.D. Thus, the valley bottoms of the Marsyangdi suitable for paddy were settled by the caste people. Kusumakar Ghimire, a Bahun who guided the first Thakuri ruler of Lamjung on the Muktinath pilgrimage was given a grant of paddy land from Simalchaur to Ghermu in Marsyangdi Valley (Thapa 1984). The displaced Gurungs of Ghermu were allowed to resettle there after offering an annual tribute of nine ‘doko’ (load basket) and nine bundles of brine-salt (op. cit. p.357). In 1782, Lamjung was defeated by Gorkha, a collateral of the former established in 1559. Bhakti Thapa (1741-1815) was born in Lamjung at Dhakaibensi near Khudi (Figure 2). He was a Sardar (commander) in the western front during the Anglo-Nepal War (1814-16) and killed during the attack on Deothal fort (RNAH 1992). Of the various land grants he received in Lamjung in 1795, Lampata (100 muri khet) and Bimire (40 muri khet) were within the present study area (op. -
Tourism in Gorkha: a Proposition to Revive Tourism After Devastating Earthquakes
Tourism in Gorkha: A proposition to Revive Tourism After Devastating Earthquakes Him Lal Ghimire* Abstract Gorkha, the epicenter of devastating earthquake 2015 is one of the important tourist destinations of Nepal. Tourism is vulnerable sector that has been experiencing major crises from disasters. Nepal is one of the world’s 20 most disaster-prone countries where earthquakes are unique challenges for tourism. Nepal has to be very optimistic about the future of tourism as it has huge potentials to be the top class tourist destinations by implementing best practices and services. Gorkha tourism requires a strategy that will help manage crises and rapid recovery from the damages and losses. This paper attempts to explain tourism potentials of Gorkha, analyze the impacts of devastating earthquakes on tourism and outline guidelines to revive tourism in Gorkha. Key words: Disasters. challenges, strategies, planning, mitigation, positive return. Background Gorkha is one of the important tourist destinations in Nepal. Despite its natural beauty, historical and religious importance, diverse culture, very close from the capital city Kathmandu and other important touristic destinations Pokhara and Chitwan, tourism in Gorkha could not have been developed expressively. Gorkha was the epicenter of 7.8 earthquake on April 25, 2015 in Nepal that damaged or destroyed the tourism products and tourism activities were largely affected. Tourism is an expanding worldwide phenomenon, and has been observed that by the next century, tourism will be the single largest industry in the world. Today, tourism is also the subject of great media attention (Ghimire, 2014:98). Tourism industry, arguably one of the most important sources of income and foreign exchange, is growing rapidly. -
Annual Report
ANNUAL REPORT National Trust for Nature Conservation ANNUAL REPORT 2018 © NTNC 2018 (FY 2017/18) Published by: National Trust for Nature Conservation (NTNC) Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Nepal PO Box 3712, Kathmandu, Nepal Tel: +977-1-5526571, 5526573, Fax: +977-1-5526570 E-mail: [email protected], URL: www.ntnc.org.np Photo credits: ACAP, BCC, BCP, Central Zoo, MCAP, SCP, GCAP Cover Photo: Chitwan © Sagar Giri Back cover photo: Ghorepani © Nicolas Cegalerba & Joanna Szwemberg Perhaps in recent memory, nature has never been under so much stress. Human being’s modern advancement are unfortunately taking a heavy toll on nature. Exponential population growth, aggravating poverty, expanding industrialization and unwarranted interference with nature’s indivisible elements – species, ecosystems and climate has put today’s global society out of harmony with nature. Nature as we know it is all giving, yet hardly immune from overexploitation. Therefore, sustenance and conservation of nature in delivering our developmental needs must be at the center of today’s aspiration for prosperity. Thence, increased commitment for sustainability and a collective action to secure our material progress in harmony with nature is imperative. In the midst of surmounting environmental problems both globally and locally, the National Trust for Nature Conservation continues to move forward to do its best in balancing the needs of people to that of nature’s sustainability. With a sense of concern FOREWORD and responsiveness from all spheres of society, we believe that a harmonious relationship between people and nature is attainable. Being guided in our mission to secure biodiversity for posterity, we understand the irreplaceable value that natural systems bring to life, and what it would mean if these are not secured. -
Where Lies the Original Source of Ganges
Where lies the original source of Ganges Ganges River or the Ganga River flowing through the vast country of India, is the most revered among the Indian rivers. The river has major contribution towards the sustenance of life in the great Indian plains. However, the significant journey of the Ganga begins from Gangotri, which is regarded as the original source of origin of the river Ganges. A famous story about the birth of the Ganges is found mentioned in the Indian mythology. It is narrated that King Bhagirath prayed to Lord Shiva and his desire was granted that Goddess Ganga would flow on earth to endow life to his expired antecedents. It is believed that Ganges River is entangled in Lord Shiva’s locks, to save the earth from devastation. Gomukh, situated close to the Gangotri glacier looks similar to a cow’s head and surprisingly, the river flows down with immense velocity through this natural structure. Due to its immense significance to Hinduism, Gangotri is one of the most renowned pilgrimage spots in India, attracting bulk of tourists. Gangotri is admired for handful of tourists’ spots, which are as follow: Gangotri Glacier: Located in the Uttarkashi district in the northern Indian state of Uttarkhand, adjacent to the boundary of China, Gangotri Glacier is regarded as a noteworthy pilgrimage location for the Hindu disciples who visit this place to take a dip in the holy water near the glacier. The Bhagirathi River happened to be originated from the Gangotri glacier. The glacier measures 30 kilometers in length and is between 2 to 4 kilometers wide. -
Kangra, Sirmaur, and Gorkha Rule in the West
2 Alterity and Myth in Himalayan Historiography : Kangra, Sirmaur, and Gorkha Rule in the West The decades between the Battle of Chinjhiar (1795) and the beginning of British rule (1815) mark the definitive transition of the West Himalayan kingdoms to modernity. As the warring parties at Chinjhiar resumed their individual courses, the geopolitical landscape that surrounded them underwent momentous shifts that would dramatically impact their trajectories: the EIC’s conquest of Delhi (in 1803) introduced the British as the major powerbroker south of the Sutlej River; Sikh unification under Maharaja Ranjit Singh Sandhawalia (r. 1799-1839) gradually absorbed the kingdoms north of the river into the Empire of Lahore; and the expansionist drive of Nepal under the Gorkha Shah dynasty (est. ~1559, r. c. 1768/9-2008) cast shadows over the entire region from as early as the 1790s, when the fledgling empire first crossed the Mahakali River into Kumaon. By 1803, the Gorkhas had invaded Sirmaur, traversed Bilaspur, and laid siege to Kangra. Six years later (1809), the Gorkhas quit Kangra and entrenched their hold on the hills south of the Sutlej for another five years, at which point (1814) they ceded their possessions west of the Mahakali to the EIC following defeat in the Anglo-Gorkha War (1814-16).1 While the politically fragmented elite of the West Himalayan kingdoms tackled these transitions in starkly divergent ways – Kangra as a vassal of Lahore, Sirmaur and its neighbours as EIC allies, and Bilaspur somewhere in between – its experiences of this era assumed a largely uniform narrative that became foundational to the reinterpretation of Pahari Rajput kingship and polity in the modern era. -
September 1, 1972
Regmi Research (Private') Ltda., Kathmandu: September 1., 1972. Regmi Research Series 9 ·Year 4a., · No. 1 Edited By, Mahesh c. Re€1111• Contents Page 1. General Bhimsen Thapa And The Samar Jung Company. • •• 161 2. Mustang Rajya ••• 167 J. Fouzdars And Munsiffs In Saptari And Mahottari ••• 168 4. Kumaun Administrative Regulations ., . 171· 5. Kuaahi-Biaahi Tax Regulations In Westem Nepal ... 173 6. Conquest Of Makwanpur And Economic Blockade or. Kathmandu Valley ... � 17$ 7. Fl'Olll Ratna Malla To Narasimha Malla ••• 179 ff-¾ 11 IUI ll lOt Regmi Research (Pr:1.nte) Ltd, Lazimpat, Kattnandu,! Nepal Compiled by Regmi Research (Private) Ltd. tor pri'f�te study and research. Not meant for public aa�e or display. 161. General Bhimsen 'Jhapa And '.lhe Samar Jung Compa#... By Bab'gram Acharya • .. · Companies o! Gorkhali troops had begun to be created along the lines of British CompAnies after th� emergence of Prithvi Narayan Shah's rule in Nepal. In the beginnµig, the. troops of Pnthvi Narayan Shah were armed mainly wi th bows and arrows. However, he always carried a Khukuri, ·which has ·since remained the national weapon of Nepal. Arcoor s cont.inued to be rotained in the. Gorkhali arJI\Y from the time or Pri thvi Narayan Shah up to· the·· Prime· Ministership ot Bahadur Shah. With the increasen i �too nu1nber of compa_nies, hc:Mever, the strength of archers in the¼ anny �radually ctiminishr:id. By tho end of Bahadur Shah's Premiership, the number ot companies had reached about· 100. The discipU.no .linedt:�r which the soldiers ot these companies re mained had been admired also bl' Captain Kirkpatrick, who had than arrived in Kiilthmandu as the first British RP.sident 1n Nepal. -
BRIXMIS in the 1980S: the COLD WAR’S “GREAT GAME” BRIXMIS
BRIXMIS IN THE 1980s: THE COLD WAR’S “GREAT GAME” BRIXMIS MEMORIES OF LIAISING WITH THE SOVIET ARMY IN EAST GERMANY by Major General Peter Williams CMG OBE Parallel History Project on Cooperative Security (PHP) April 2007 British Commanders'-in-Chief Mission to the Soviet Forces in Germany www.php.isn.ethz.ch Edited by Peter Williams and Leo Niedermann ________________________________________________________________________________________________ BRIXMIS IN THE 1980s: THE COLD WAR’S “GREAT GAME” - MEMORIES OF LIAISING WITH THE SOVIET ARMY IN EAST GERMANY Peter Williams Table of Contents Foreword ........................................................................................................................................................... 2 The Road to BRIXMIS...................................................................................................................................... 5 The Origins, Establishment and Role of the Mission........................................................................................ 6 Formal Liaison Tasks ...................................................................................................................................... 10 Social Liaison .................................................................................................................................................. 12 Duties at Spandau Prison and Other Liaison Duties........................................................................................ 13 Cultural Tours in the DDR .............................................................................................................................