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The Philosophy of the Teachings of Islam

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The Philosophy of the Teachings of Islam THE PHILOSOPHY OF THE TEACHINGS OF ISLAM Hadrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad as The Promised Messiah and Mahdi Founder of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Jam a‘at Translated into English by Sir Muhammad Zafrulla Khan Islam International Publications Ltd. “The Philosophy of the Teachings of Islam” as by Hadrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad of Qadian English rendering of “ Isl ami Usu l K i Philosophy ” (Urdu) By Sir Muhammad Zafrulla Khan First Urdu edition published in 1905, followed by several editions. First English edition published in UK by The London Mosque in 1979 Reprinted by Islam International Publications Ltd. in 1989, 1992, 1996, 2007 The revised edition (in a new format) printed in UK in 2010 Reprinted in UK in 2013 & 2017 © Islam International Publications Ltd. No part of this book may be reproduced or used in any form or by any means graphic, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, copying or information storage and retrieval systems without permission of the publisher. Published by Islam International Publications Ltd., ‘Islamabad’, Sheephatch Lane Tilford, Surrey GU10 2AQ UK. Printed in UK at British Library Cataloguing in Publication data Ahmad, Mirza Ghulam, 1835-1908 The philosophy of the teachings of Islam. 1. Ahmadiyyat I. Title 297. 2046 ISBN 1-85372-193-X ISBN 1-85372-198-0 Pbk ISBN 978-1-84880-055-7 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 About the Author Born in 1835 in Qadian (India), Hadrat Mirza as Ghulam Ahmad, the Promised Messiah and Mahdi , remained dedicated to the study of the Holy Quran and to a life of prayer and devotion. Finding Islam the target of foul attacks from all directions, the fortunes of Muslims at a low ebb, faith yielding to doubt and religion only skin-deep, he undertook vindication and exposition of Islam. In his vast corpus of writings (including his epoch-making Barahin-e-Ahmadiyya ), his lectures, discourses, religious debates etc., he argued that Islam was a living faith and the only faith by following which man could establish contact with his Creator and enter into communion with Him. The teachings contained in the Holy Quran and the Law promulgated by Islam were designed to raise man to moral, intellectual and spiritual perfection. He announced that God had appointed him the Messiah and Mahdi as mentioned in the prophecies of the Bible, the Holy Quran and A ha dith. In 1889 he began to accept initiation into his Community which is now established in one hundred and ninety-eight countries. His ninety-one books are written mostly in Urdu, but some are in Arabic and Persian. 4 The Philosophy of the Teachings of Islam as After his demise in 1908, the Promised Messiah ra was succeeded by Hadrat Maulaw i Nur-ud-Din , Khal ifatul Mas ih I. On the death of Hadrat Maulaw i ra Nur-ud-Din in 1914, Hadrat Mirza Bash ir-ud-Din ra Mahmood Ahmad , who was also the Promised as Messiah’s Promised Son, was elected as Khal ifah. ra Hadrat Mirza Bash ir-ud-Din Mahmood Ahmad remained in office for nearly fifty-two years. He died in 1965 and was succeeded by his eldest son, Hadrat Ha fi z rh Mirza Nasir Ahmad , the Promised grandson of the as Promised Messiah . After seventeen years of meritorious services he passed away in 1982. He was succeeded by his rh younger brother, Hadrat Mirza Tahir Ahmad as Khal ifatul Mas ih IV who, having led the Community to its present th strength and global recognition, passed away on the 19 April, 2003. Hadrat Mirza Masroor Ahmad, Khal ifatul at Mas ih V , is the present head of the Community and enjoys the distinction of being the great-grandson of as Hadrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad . Contents Foreword to the Present Edition .................................................................. viii Foreword to the Revised Edition 2010......................................................... ix Introduction ................................................................................................. xv A Grand Piece of News for Seekers after Truth ....................................... xxi ISLAM .......................................................................... 1 FIRST QUESTION ..................................................... 3 The Physical, Moral and Spiritual States of Man ................................ 3 Three Types of Human Actions ............................................................ 3 First Source: Nafsi Amm arah, the Self That Incites to Evil ............... 3 Second Source: Nafsi Laww amah, the Reproving Self ......................... 5 The Third Source: Nafsi Mu tma’innah, the Soul at Rest ..................... 6 The Soul is Created ................................................................................ 13 The Second Birth of the Soul .............................................................. 14 Gradual Progress of Man...................................................................... 15 The True Meaning of Islam ................................................................. 15 Distinction Between the Natural and Moral States ......................... 17 The Refutation of the Doctrine of Preservation of Life ................. 19 Three Methods of Reform ................................................................... 20 The Advent of the Holy Prophet at the Time of the Greatest Need ......................................................................................................... 21 The True Purpose of the Teachings of the Holy Quran is the Reform of the Three Conditions ......................................................... 24 Natural Conditions by Regulation become Moral Qualities ........... 24 True Morals ............................................................................................. 26 Distinction Between Khalq (Creation) and Khulq (Morals) ............. 28 First Reformation i.e. Natural States of Man ................................... 30 Why is the Flesh of Swine Prohibited ................................................ 38 Moral Condition of Man ....................................................................... 40 Moral Qualities Related to the Discarding of Evil .......................... 41 Five Ways to Maintain Chastity ........................................................... 46 Moral Qualities Related to the Doing of Good ................................ 59 True Courage .......................................................................................... 71 vi The Philosophy of the Teachings of Islam Truthfulness ............................................................................................ 73 Steadfastness ........................................................................................... 76 Sympathy for Mankind .......................................................................... 78 Search for an Exalted Being ................................................................. 80 sa The Reason for the Appearance of the Holy Prophet in Arabia ....................................................................................................... 84 What the World Owes to the Holy Quran ........................................ 85 Proof of the Existence of God ............................................................ 87 Attributes of God .................................................................................. 92 Spiritual Conditions ............................................................................. 103 An Excellent Prayer ............................................................................. 108 The Meaning of Drinks Prepared From Camphor and Ginger ... 117 The Effect of Ginger ........................................................................... 119 Means of Establishing Perfect Spiritual Relationship with God .. 128 SECOND QUESTION ............................................. 133 The State of Man after Death ............................................................ 133 Three Quranic Insights Concerning the Hereafter ....................... 139 First Insight ........................................................................................... 139 Three Types of Knowledge ................................................................ 141 Three Conditions ................................................................................. 142 Second Insight ...................................................................................... 151 Third Insight ......................................................................................... 155 THIRD QUESTION ................................................. 158 The Object of Man’s Life and the Means of its Attainment ....... 158 Means of the Attainment of Man’s Purpose .................................. 161 FOURTH QUESTION ............................................. 170 The Operation of the Practical Ordinances of the Law in this Life and the Next ................................................................................. 170 The Philosophy of Allah’s Swearing by Various things ................. 174 FIFTH QUESTION ................................................. 182 Sources of Divine Knowledge ........................................................... 182 The Nature of Human Conscience ................................................... 187 Meaning of Revelation ........................................................................ 191 A Characteristic of Islam .................................................................... 196 The Philosophy of the Teachings of Islam vii The Speaker is Honoured with Divine Converse .........................
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