DOCSLIB.ORG

Landscape Scale Biodiversity Assessment: the Problem of Scaling

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Landscape Scale Biodiversity Assessment: the Problem of Scaling Landscape scale biodiversity assessment: the problem of scaling Report of an electronic conference, March 2005 MARBENA E-Conference Organisation: Juliette Young, Allan Watt, Malcolm Collie and Denise Wright Centre for Ecology and Hydrology Hill of Brathens, Glassel Banchory AB31 4BW, UK András Báldi Animal Ecology Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Hungarian Natural History Museum Ludovika tér 2, Budapest, Hungary, H-1083 Ariel Bergamini and Christoph Scheidegger Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research Zürcherstrasse 111, CH-8903 Birmensdorf Switzerland Lisandro Benedetti-Cecchi University of Pisa Dipartimento di Scienze dell’Uomo e dell’Ambiente Via A. Volta 6, I-56126 Pisa, Italy Keith Hiscock Marine Biological Association of the UK Citadel Hill, Plymouth PL1 2PB, UK Sybille van den Hove and Thomas Koetz Institute of Environmental Science and Technology Autonomous University of Barcelona Passeig Pintor Romero, 8, 08197 Valldoreix, Spain Ekko van Ierland Environmental Economics and Natural Resources Social Sciences Group, Wageningen University P.O. Box 8130, 6700 EW Wageningen, The Netherlands András Lányi Eötvös Loránd University, Institute of Sociology Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, H-1117 Budapest,.Hungary György Pataki St. Istvan University Pater K. u. 1., H-2103 Godollo, Hungary BioPlatform (EVK2-CT-2001-20009): Isabel Sousa Pinto (Project Coordinator) University of Porto CIIMAR, University of Porto R. dos Bragas, 177 4150-123 Porto, Portugal Martin Sharman and Karin Zaunberger Biodiversity Sector, Natural Resources Management and Servic es, European Commission Directorate General for Research B-1049 Brussels, Belgium This publication should be cited as follows: Young, J., Báldi, A., Benedetti-Cecchi, L., Bergamini, A., Hiscock, K., van den Hove, S., Koetz, T., van Ierland, E., Lányi, A., Pataki, G., Scheidegger, C., Török, K. and Watt, A.D. (Editors). 2005. Landscape scale biodiversity assessment: the problem of scaling. Report of an electronic conference. Institute of Ecology and Botany of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Vacratot, Hungary. Cover picture: Botanical Garden of the Institute of Ecology and Botany, Budapest. Contents Contents........................................................................................................................... 1 Preface............................................................................................................................. 2 Summary ......................................................................................................................... 3 List of contributions ........................................................................................................ 10 Scaling problems in biodiversity assessment..................................................................... 15 Biological scales and conservation................................................................................... 77 Political and economic scales in relation to biodiversity ...................................................120 Integrating ecological and social scales ...........................................................................154 References ....................................................................................................................186 1 Preface Research on biodiversity is essential to help the European Union and EU Member States to implement the Convention on Biological Diversity as well as reach the target of halting the loss of biodiversity in Europe by 2010. The need for co-ordination between researchers, the policy-makers that need research results and the organisations that fund research is reflected in the aims of the BioPlatform network. BioPlatform is a network of scientists and policy makers that work in different fields of biodiversity and aims at improving the effectiveness and relevance of European biodiversity research, fulfilling functions that provide significant components of a European Research Area. BioPlatform supports the existing “European Platform for Biodiversity Research Strategy” (EPBRS), a forum of scientists and policy makers representing the EU countries, whose aims are to promote discussion of EU biodiversity research strategies and priorities, exchange of information on national biodiversity activities and the dissemination of current best practices and information regarding the scientific understanding of biodiversity conservation. This is a report of the BioPlatform E-conference entitled “Landscape scale biodiversity assessment: the problem of scaling” preceding the EPBRS meeting to be held in Budapest, Hungary from the 31st March to the 4th April 2005. 2 Summary Both organising institutions, the Institute of Ecology and Botany and the Ministry for Environment and Water, have experience of habitat level biodiversity assessment and mapping through the development and operation of the Hungarian Biodiversity Monitoring System. During the organisation of the EPBRS meeting in Hungary, scaling emerged as an important issue to address among both natural and social scientists. Scaling, as a scie ntific problem has not been touched upon so far at EPBRS meetings, so the organisers hope to awaken the interest of the scientific community by selecting this topic as the basis of the EPBRS meeting in Hungary. The aim of this EPBRS meeting is to focus on the ecological research problems raised by the different scales of biodiversity (with an emphasis on landscape scale), and the interaction between policy and social aspects with biodiversity conservation at different scales. In order to reach those aims, the e-conference had four sessions running in parallel, on the following themes: - Session I- Scaling problems in biodiversity assessment, chaired by Ariel Bergamini, Christoph Scheidegger and Lisandro Benedetti-Cecchi - Session II- Biological scales and conservation, chaired by András Báldi and Keith Hiscock - Session III- Political and economic scales in relation to biodiversity, chaired by Sybille van den Hove, Thomas Koetz and Ekko van Ierland - Session IV- Integrating ecological and social scales, chaired by György Pataki, András Lányi and Ekko van Ierland. The overall conclusions from those sessions are as follows: Session I- Scaling problems in biodiversity assessment In total, this session had 55 contributions (16 keynotes and 39 other contributions). The main topics of this session were scaling up and indicators. Scaling-up: This is a topic of particular interest and several keynotes and contributions addressed it. Because we can never accomplish a complete assessment of biodiversity of a large area such as a landscape or a region, we will always have to scale -up from samples to the entire area. Approaches include linking remotely sensed data with field investigations, models using the detection probabilities of species in small plots to extrapolate to a larger region, and the development of scaling functions. However, there are some specific problems. For example, there is a lack of rigorous testing of the accuracy of the first 3 approach. For the second approach a major problem seems to be that we can estimate species richness in different habitat types, but we have problems combining these estimates for a landscape estimate because of undetected (unidentified) species. Furthermore, contributors identified the potential of viewing ecosystems as self-organizing, i.e. as emergent systems, which change when crossing an emergence boundary. However, a lot of ecologists are not very familiar with this topic and, thus, for them the potential is not yet very obvious. Indicators: Indicators are still discussed controversially and it seems clear that all indicators have some shortcomings such as scale -dependency of their strength as indicators. Regarding taxonomic scales or hierarchies, the morphospecies concept in particular seems to be controversial as was indicated by several critical contributions. The use of species lists was also questioned, but again, opinions were not uniform. One of the main problems identified with species lists is that all species are regarded as equal, which, of course, they are not. Moreover, they may not be very useful for short time scales; abundance measures were suggested as more suitable for short time scales. Another problem identified is that species lists are very time-consuming and not very cost-effective to produce. The non-congruence of richness patterns of rare and common species, which was emphasized in one keynote, seems to be of particular importance in biodiversity assessment. For example, if we identify drivers of species richness based on all species, these drivers are mainly relevant for the common species. Furthermore, we don’t know anything about how congruence of richness patterns of rare and common species changes with spatial scale. Regarding genetic diversity and indicators we hardly know anything. While there has been a lot of work on relationships between various indicators and species richness, there is hardly any work done on indicators on genetic diversity. Unfortunately the EASAC guide to biodiversity indicators (http://www.easac.com) was published towards the end of the e-conference. This could have been a very good basis for our discussions. There were other topics, which were not rigorously discussed, but are nevertheless important in this discussion: 1. The selection of conservation-relevant areas (in terms of biodiversity) is scale (or grain) dependent. 2. The trade-off between geographical
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Bio 308-Course Guide
    COURSE GUIDE BIO 308 BIOGEOGRAPHY Course Team Dr. Kelechi L. Njoku (Course Developer/Writer) Professor A. Adebanjo (Programme Leader)- NOUN Abiodun E. Adams (Course Coordinator)-NOUN NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA BIO 308 COURSE GUIDE National Open University of Nigeria Headquarters 14/16 Ahmadu Bello Way Victoria Island Lagos Abuja Office No. 5 Dar es Salaam Street Off Aminu Kano Crescent Wuse II, Abuja e-mail: [email protected] URL: www.nou.edu.ng Published by National Open University of Nigeria Printed 2013 ISBN: 978-058-434-X All Rights Reserved Printed by: ii BIO 308 COURSE GUIDE CONTENTS PAGE Introduction ……………………………………......................... iv What you will Learn from this Course …………………............ iv Course Aims ……………………………………………............ iv Course Objectives …………………………………………....... iv Working through this Course …………………………….......... v Course Materials ………………………………………….......... v Study Units ………………………………………………......... v Textbooks and References ………………………………........... vi Assessment ……………………………………………….......... vi End of Course Examination and Grading..................................... vi Course Marking Scheme................................................................ vii Presentation Schedule.................................................................... vii Tutor-Marked Assignment ……………………………….......... vii Tutors and Tutorials....................................................................... viii iii BIO 308 COURSE GUIDE INTRODUCTION BIO 308: Biogeography is a one-semester, 2 credit- hour course in Biology. It is a 300 level, second semester undergraduate course offered to students admitted in the School of Science and Technology, School of Education who are offering Biology or related programmes. The course guide tells you briefly what the course is all about, what course materials you will be using and how you can work your way through these materials. It gives you some guidance on your Tutor- Marked Assignments. There are Self-Assessment Exercises within the body of a unit and/or at the end of each unit.
    [Show full text]
  • Evolutionary Footprints of a Cold Relic in a Rapidly Warming World
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.07.11.451959; this version posted July 12, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY 4.0 International license. 1 TITLE 2 Evolutionary footprints of a cold relic in a rapidly warming world 3 4 Eva M. Wolf1, Emmanuel Gaquerel1,2, Mathias Scharmann3, Levi Yant4, and Marcus A. Koch1* 5 6 1 Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 345, 69120 7 Heidelberg, Germany 8 2 Present address: Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes CNRS UPR2357, Université de 9 Strasbourg, 12 rue du Général Zimmer, 67084 Strasbourg, France 10 3 Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland 11 4 Future Food Beacon and School of Life Sciences, the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK 12 13 *Author for correspondence 14 Email: [email protected] 15 16 17 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.07.11.451959; this version posted July 12, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY 4.0 International license. 18 Abstract 19 With accelerating global warming, understanding the evolutionary dynamics of plant adaptation to 20 environmental change is increasingly urgent. Here we reveal the enigmatic history of the genus 21 Cochlearia (Brassicaceae), a Pleistocene relic that originated from a drought-adapted Mediterranean 22 sister genus during the Miocene.
    [Show full text]
  • Biogeography and Diversification of Brassicales
    Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 99 (2016) 204–224 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev Biogeography and diversification of Brassicales: A 103 million year tale ⇑ Warren M. Cardinal-McTeague a,1, Kenneth J. Sytsma b, Jocelyn C. Hall a, a Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E9, Canada b Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA article info abstract Article history: Brassicales is a diverse order perhaps most famous because it houses Brassicaceae and, its premier mem- Received 22 July 2015 ber, Arabidopsis thaliana. This widely distributed and species-rich lineage has been overlooked as a Revised 24 February 2016 promising system to investigate patterns of disjunct distributions and diversification rates. We analyzed Accepted 25 February 2016 plastid and mitochondrial sequence data from five gene regions (>8000 bp) across 151 taxa to: (1) Available online 15 March 2016 produce a chronogram for major lineages in Brassicales, including Brassicaceae and Arabidopsis, based on greater taxon sampling across the order and previously overlooked fossil evidence, (2) examine Keywords: biogeographical ancestral range estimations and disjunct distributions in BioGeoBEARS, and (3) determine Arabidopsis thaliana where shifts in species diversification occur using BAMM. The evolution and radiation of the Brassicales BAMM BEAST began 103 Mya and was linked to a series of inter-continental vicariant, long-distance dispersal, and land BioGeoBEARS bridge migration events. North America appears to be a significant area for early stem lineages in the Brassicaceae order. Shifts to Australia then African are evident at nodes near the core Brassicales, which diverged Cleomaceae 68.5 Mya (HPD = 75.6–62.0).
    [Show full text]
  • Article Resolution of Brassicaceae Phylogeny Using Nuclear Genes
    Resolution of Brassicaceae Phylogeny Using Nuclear Genes Uncovers Nested Radiations and Supports Convergent Morphological Evolution Chien-Hsun Huang,1 Renran Sun,1 Yi Hu,2 Liping Zeng,1 Ning Zhang,3 Liming Cai,1 Qiang Zhang,4 Marcus A. Koch,5 Ihsan Al-Shehbaz,6 Patrick P. Edger,7 J. Chris Pires,8 Dun-Yan Tan,9 Yang Zhong,1 and Hong Ma*,1 1State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Sciences and Ecological Engineering, Institute of Plant Biology, Institute of Biodiversity Sciences, Center for Evolutionary Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China 2Department of Biology, The Huck Institute of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University 3Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, MRC 166, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 4Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Conservation and Restoration Ecology in Karst Terrain, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin, China 5Biodiversity and Plant Systematics, Centre for Organismal Studies Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany 6Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis 7Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing 8Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia 9Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources and Ecology, College of Grassland and Environment Sciences, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Ur€ umqi,€ China *Corresponding author: E-mail: [email protected]. Associate editor: Hongzhi Kong Abstract Brassicaceae is one of the most diverse and economically valuable angiosperm families with widely cultivated vegetable crops and scientifically important model plants, such as Arabidopsis thaliana. The evolutionary history, ecological, morphological, and genetic diversity, and abundant resources and knowledge of Brassicaceae make it an excellent model family for evolutionary studies.
    [Show full text]
  • Svensk Botanisk Tidskrift 113 (1): 1–84 (2019) - : Gun Ingmansson
    Fjälltätört Svensk Fjälltätört Pinguicula alpina Pollineringen ombesörjes av vid markytan. Arten är näm- hittas på kalkrik mark i våra små flugor som söker närings- ligen insektsfångande liksom Svenska nordliga fjäll men finns även vävnaden i botten av den breda de andra tätörterna. Alla är de Botaniska i Härjedalen. Dessutom är och krökta sporren. Flugorna Årets växt (se s. 83). Botanisk Föreningen den inte ovanlig i gotländska får dock akta sig så de inte FOTO: Gun Ingmansson. – Got- källmyrar; troligen har den levt fastnar på de klibbiga bladen land, Levide s:n, Mallgårds käll- kvar där sedan senglacial tid. som sitter i en lilabrun rosett myr, 25 maj 2015. Tidskrift Svensk Botanisk Tidskrift Volym 113: Häfte 1, 2019 113 (1): (1): 1–84 (2019) Nya nordiska växter och namn Viktig variation under artnivån Botanik på Java innehåll botaniska föreningar Floraväktarna C C Det började som ett Så här skriver en nybliven floraväktare: B B anspråkslöst projekt på ”I år deltog jag för första gången som A Gotland för lite mer än floraväktare, när jag var med en grupp trettio år sedan, startat botanister i Haparanda för att leta strand- av ArtDatabankens grundare Torleif Ingelög och viva, bottnisk malört och rysskörvel. Det WWF:s floravårdsnestor Nils Dahlbeck. Nu har Laine m.fl. Lars Hedenäs : var en fantastisk vecka med trevligt säll- : det blivit mycket mer … FOTO skap och många botaniska bekantskaper, BILD Det här gör Floraväktarna samtidigt som jag fick göra nytta i arbetet Genom att alltför snävt Lars Ericson är lyrisk över en med att kartlägga rödlistade arter. Att vara fokusera på artnivån missar nyutkommen bok om våra • Nationell övervakning av närmare trehundra hotade kärlväxter samt arter i EU:s art- och floraväktare är något som jag verkligen kan 46 vi en stor del av den totala 80 europeiska vitmossor; 65 rekommendera och det krävs inte att man habitatdirektiv.
    [Show full text]
  • Supporting Information
    Supporting Information Beilstein et al. 10.1073/pnas.0909766107 SI Materials and Methods at the deepest node of the tree and 20.8 Mya for the most- Evaluation of Potential Fossil Calibrations. We searched the pa- derived node calibration (Table S3). leobotanical literature and identified 32 fossils assigned to All other fossils were used as minimum age constraints in r8s. Brassicales (Table S1). Only six (Akania americana, Akania pa- We calibrated two different nodes with the Akania fossils; the tagonica, Akania sp., Capparidoxylon holleisii, Dressiantha bi- Akania americana/A. patagonica fossils are from a more recent carpellata, Thlaspi primaevum) could be placed confidently in deposit than Akania sp. (Table S1), and thus we used the Brassicales. A fossil was considered acceptable for use as an age younger date for these fossils to constrain the divergence of constraint only if its record included a clear citation with pho- Akania bidwillii and Bretschneidera sinensis. Akania sp. was used tographic evidence or accurate reproduction, fossil collection to constrain the node defined by A. bidwilli and Tropaeolum number, and morphological characters that support the pro- majus, which is deeper in the tree than the split constrained by A. posed placement. americana/A. patagonica. This strategy allowed us to use all Akania fossils as calibrations in the ndhF and combined analyses. Ultrametric Tree and Divergence Date Estimation. To calculate di- We lacked PHYA data for B. sinensis, precluding the use of vergence dates for Brassicales, we first inferred trees from plastid A. americana/A. patagonica as a calibration in PHYA analyses. ndhF and the nuclear locus phytochrome A (PHYA)datasepa- Morphological analysis of Capparidoxylon holleisii using Inside rately and then from combined ndhFandPHYA data (Table S2).
    [Show full text]
  • Urbanizing Flora of Portland, Oregon, 1806-2008
    URBANIZING FLORA OF PORTLAND, OREGON, 1806-2008 John A. Christy, Angela Kimpo, Vernon Marttala, Philip K. Gaddis, Nancy L. Christy Occasional Paper 3 of the Native Plant Society of Oregon 2009 Recommended citation: Christy, J.A., A. Kimpo, V. Marttala, P.K. Gaddis & N.L. Christy. 2009. Urbanizing flora of Portland, Oregon, 1806-2008. Native Plant Society of Oregon Occasional Paper 3: 1-319. © Native Plant Society of Oregon and John A. Christy Second printing with corrections and additions, December 2009 ISSN: 1523-8520 Design and layout: John A. Christy and Diane Bland. Printing by Lazerquick. Dedication This Occasional Paper is dedicated to the memory of Scott D. Sundberg, whose vision and perseverance in launching the Oregon Flora Project made our job immensely easier to complete. It is also dedicated to Martin W. Gorman, who compiled the first list of Portland's flora in 1916 and who inspired us to do it again 90 years later. Acknowledgments We wish to acknowledge all the botanists, past and present, who have collected in the Portland-Vancouver area and provided us the foundation for our study. We salute them and thank them for their efforts. We extend heartfelt thanks to the many people who helped make this project possible. Rhoda Love and the board of directors of the Native Plant Society of Oregon (NPSO) exhibited infinite patience over the 5-year life of this project. Rhoda Love (NPSO) secured the funds needed to print this Occasional Paper. Katy Weil (Metro) and Deborah Lev (City of Portland) obtained funding for a draft printing for their agencies in June 2009.
    [Show full text]
  • Morphology, Phylogeny, and Taxonomy of <I>Microthlaspi</I> (Brassicaceae: Coluteocarpeae) and Related Genera
    Morphology, phylogeny, and taxonomy of Microthlaspi (Brassicaceae: Coluteocarpeae) and related genera Ali, Tahir; Schmuker, Angelika; Runge, Fabian; Solovyeva, Irina; Nigrelli, Lisa; Paule, Juraj; Buch, Ann-Katrin; Xia, Xiaojuan; Ploch, Sebastian; Orren, Ouria; Kummer, Volker; Linde- Laursen, Ib; Orgaard, Marian; Hauser, Thure Pavlo; Celik, Ali; Thines, Marco Published in: Taxon DOI: 10.12705/651.6 Publication date: 2016 Document version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Document license: CC BY-NC-ND Citation for published version (APA): Ali, T., Schmuker, A., Runge, F., Solovyeva, I., Nigrelli, L., Paule, J., Buch, A-K., Xia, X., Ploch, S., Orren, O., Kummer, V., Linde-Laursen, I., Orgaard, M., Hauser, T. P., Celik, A., & Thines, M. (2016). Morphology, phylogeny, and taxonomy of Microthlaspi (Brassicaceae: Coluteocarpeae) and related genera. Taxon, 65(1), 79- 98. https://doi.org/10.12705/651.6 Download date: 25. sep.. 2021 TAXON 65 (1) • February 2016: 79–98 Ali & al. • A revision of Microthlaspi (Brassicaceae) Morphology, phylogeny, and taxonomy of Microthlaspi (Brassicaceae: Coluteocarpeae) and related genera Tahir Ali,1,2 Angelika Schmuker,3 Fabian Runge,3 Irina Solovyeva,1,2 Lisa Nigrelli,1,2 Juraj Paule,1,2 Ann-Katrin Buch,1,2 Xiaojuan Xia,1,2 Sebastian Ploch,1,4 Ouria Orren,5 Volker Kummer,6 Ib Linde-Laursen,7 Marian Ørgaard,7 Thure Pablo Hauser,7 Ali Ҫelik8 & Marco Thines1,2,9,10 1 Biodiversität und Klima Forschungszentrum (BiK-F), Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany 2 Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany 3 Department of Biology, Institute of Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Goethe University, Campus Riedberg, Max-von-Laue-Str.
    [Show full text]
  • European Red List of Vascular Plants Melanie Bilz, Shelagh P
    European Red List of Vascular Plants Melanie Bilz, Shelagh P. Kell, Nigel Maxted and Richard V. Lansdown European Red List of Vascular Plants Melanie Bilz, Shelagh P. Kell, Nigel Maxted and Richard V. Lansdown IUCN Global Species Programme IUCN Regional Office for Europe IUCN Species Survival Commission Published by the European Commission This publication has been prepared by IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature). The designation of geographical entities in this book, and the presentation of the material, do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the European Commission or IUCN concerning the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect those of the European Commission or IUCN. Citation: Bilz, M., Kell, S.P., Maxted, N. and Lansdown, R.V. 2011. European Red List of Vascular Plants. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union. Design and layout by: Tasamim Design - www.tasamim.net Printed by: The Colchester Print Group, United Kingdom Picture credits on cover page: Narcissus nevadensis is endemic to Spain where it has a very restricted distribution. The species is listed as Endangered and is threatened by modifications to watercourses and overgrazing. © Juan Enrique Gómez. All photographs used in this publication remain the property of the original copyright holder (see individual captions for details). Photographs should not be reproduced or used in other contexts without written permission from the copyright holder. Available from: Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, http://bookshop.europa.eu IUCN Publications Services, www.iucn.org/publications A catalogue of IUCN publications is also available.
    [Show full text]
  • Target Species - Species of European Concern
    Target Species - Species of European concern Commissioned by Sander van Opstal (Senior Policy Advisor Ecosystems and the Environment; Expertise Centre of the Dutch Ministry of Agriculture, Nature and Food quality) Cover photo’s: Danube Crested Newt: B.I. Timofeev (© Pensoft Publishers), European Bison: G. Pohl, Isoplexis canariensis: J.H.J. Schaminée 2 Alterra-report 1119 Target species – Species of European concern A database driven selection of plant and animal species for the implementation of the Pan European Ecological Network Editors: W.A. Ozinga J.H.J. Schaminée Authors: W.A. Ozinga M. de Heer S.M. Hennekens A.J.F.M. van Opstal J.H.J. Schaminée H. Sierdsema N.A.C. Smits A.H.P. Stumpel Ch. van Swaay Alterra-report 1119 Alterra, Wageningen, 2005 ABSTRACT Ozinga, W.A. & Schaminée, J.H.J. (eds.). 2005. Target species – Species of European concern. A database driven selection of plant and animal species for the implementation of the Pan European Ecological Network. Wageningen, Alterra, Alterra-report 1119. 193 pages; 30 figs.; 18 tables; 134 refs. The concept of ecological networks is becoming increasingly important in both policies and practices of nature conservation throughout Europe. The establishment of the Pan Ecological European Network (PEEN) can be seen as one of the priority issues for nature conservation. For the establishment of such networks, it is essential to have adequate information on the threat status and distribution of plant and animal species throughout Europe. As there are thousands of plant and animal species, it is necessary to make a selection of species that are considered to be of specific conservation concern, so-called ‘target species’.
    [Show full text]
  • Plants and Climate Change in Europe
    Strasbourg, 2 September 2009 T-PVS/Inf (2009) 9 [Inf09e_2009.doc] CONVENTION ON THE CONSERVATION OF EUROPEAN WILDLIFE AND NATURAL HABITATS Standing Committee 29th meeting Bern, 23-26 November 2009 __________ THE IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON PLANT SPECIES IN EUROPE FINAL VERSION Report prepared by Professor Vernon Heywood School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading With contributions by Dr Alastair Culham This document will not be distributed at the meeting. Please bring this copy. Ce document ne sera plus distribué en réunion. Prière de vous munir de cet exemplaire. T-PVS/Inf (2009) 9 - 2 – EXECUTIVE SUMMARY A summary is given of the current state of conservation of plant diversity in Europe and gaps in our baseline knowlege are identified. Published data on the recent effects on climate change on European plants are reviewed, including changes in phenology and altitudinal shifts. All the available evidence points to the high probability that plant diversity, both at the landscape and ecosystem level and at the species and population level will be severely impacted by climate change over the course of this century, interacting with other forms of global change such as population growth and movement and changes in disturbance regimes. The impacts will not be uniform, with some regions such as northern Europe experiencing moderate changes and turnover of species, while others, especially in the Mediterranean region and high mountain ranges may expect serious disruption of existing ecosystems and their replacement with novel assemblages of species and the loss of considerable numbers of currently rare and endangered species in specialized habitats.
    [Show full text]
  • ACTA BIOLOGICA CRACOVIENSIA Series Botanica
    ACTA BIOLOGICA CRACOVIENSIA SERIES BOTANICA Vol. 55 suppl. 1 2013 The First Interdisciplinary Symposium Biogeography of the Carpathians: Evolution of Biodiversity in a Spatiotemporal Context September 26–28, 2013 • Kraków, Poland Polish Academy of Sciences – Cracow Branch Jagiellonian University ACTA BIOLOGICA CRACOVIENSIA Series Botanica The Official Publication of the Biological Commission of the Polish Academy of Sciences – Cracow Branch and the Jagiellonian University DEVOTED TO PLANT ANATOMY, MORPHOLOGY, CYTOLOGY, GENETICS, KARYOLOGY, EMBRYOLOGY, TISSUE CULTURE, PHYSIOLOGY, BIOSYSTEMATICS, PHYTOCHEMISTRY, SECONDARY METABOLISM, PHARMACOLOGY, BIOACTIVITY OF PLANT NATURAL PRODUCTS, BIOTECHNOLOGY, MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND PHYLOGEOGRAPHY ESTABLISHED 1958 © Polish Academy of Sciences and the Jagiellonian University, Cracow 2013 The edition of this supplement is financed by the Polish Academy of Sciences. EDITORIAL NOTE The abstract texts have been printed as received, and no proofreading or corrections have been made. Thus, the contents of the abstracts are entirely the responsibility of the contributors. In the Index, the names of authors (in alphabetical order) are accompanied by the respective page numbers. ACTA BIOLOGICA CRACOVIENSIA Series Botanica is published twice a year by the Polish Academy of Sciences – Cracow Branch, ul. św. Jana 28, 31-018 Cracow, Poland and the Jagiellonian University in Cracow, ul. Gołębia 24, 31-007 Cracow, Poland Publisher: Versita: http://versita.com/abcsb Set and printed by KON Tekst Publishing House,
    [Show full text]