bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.07.11.451959; this version posted July 12, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY 4.0 International license. 1 TITLE 2 Evolutionary footprints of a cold relic in a rapidly warming world 3 4 Eva M. Wolf1, Emmanuel Gaquerel1,2, Mathias Scharmann3, Levi Yant4, and Marcus A. Koch1* 5 6 1 Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 345, 69120 7 Heidelberg, Germany 8 2 Present address: Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes CNRS UPR2357, Université de 9 Strasbourg, 12 rue du Général Zimmer, 67084 Strasbourg, France 10 3 Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland 11 4 Future Food Beacon and School of Life Sciences, the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK 12 13 *Author for correspondence 14 Email:
[email protected] 15 16 17 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.07.11.451959; this version posted July 12, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY 4.0 International license. 18 Abstract 19 With accelerating global warming, understanding the evolutionary dynamics of plant adaptation to 20 environmental change is increasingly urgent. Here we reveal the enigmatic history of the genus 21 Cochlearia (Brassicaceae), a Pleistocene relic that originated from a drought-adapted Mediterranean 22 sister genus during the Miocene.