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Lee Teng-Hui Now Welcome to The Published by: International Committee for Human Rights in Taiwan Taiwan : 2Fl., 27 Hang-chow South Rd. Sec. 1, TAIPEI, Taiwan Europe : P.O. Box 91542, 2509 EC THE HAGUE, The Netherlands Canada : P.O. Box 67035, 2300 Yonge Street, TORONTO, Ont. M4P 1E0 U.S.A. : P.O. Box 15182, CHEVY CHASE, MD 20825 International edition, June 1995 Published 6 times a year 66 Lee Teng-hui now welcome to the USA but needs to improve democracy in Taiwan On Monday 22 May 1995, the US government decided to grant President Lee Teng- hui permission to visit the United States to attend a reunion at his alma mater, Cornell University in Ithaca, NY in June 1995. The move came after the US Congress, in the beginning of May, passed two Concurrent resolutions with the largest possible majority 97 to 1 in the Senate and 396 to 0 in the House. The resolutions urged the Clinton Administration to grant President Lee a visa for a private visit. The move is a significant breakthrough, because it is a signal to China that with regard to Taiwan it cannot continue to dictate its views on others in the international community. It is an example that should be followed by other nations around the world. For Taiwan, Mr. Lees visit to the United States thus represents an opening to the international community as an independent nation. It is essential that Mr. Lee takes this opportunity to present himself as the leader of a new, democratic and independent Taiwan, and drop the out- dated Republic of China pretense, the anachronistic rival claim to sovereignty over China, which is causing so much headache with Peking. It is also an opportunity for Mr. Lee to announce signifi- Mr. Lee Teng-hui: cant moves to further strengthen democracy in Taiwan. reason to smile Taiwan Communiqué -2- June 1995 Two specific points need to be addressed: 1) the sheer total monopoly of the ruling Kuomintang on the three existing television stations, and 2) the rampant vote-buying by Kuomintang candidates. It is essential that these situations be redressed before the upcoming elections for the Legislative Yuan and Presidential elections, so as to provide a level political playing field for all on the island. How did the decision come about ? The White House arrived at the decision to grant Mr. Lee permission to visit Cornell after a long and arduous debate with Congress, in which the State Department strongly argued against approval, fearing repercussions in the relations with China. However, key members of both the House and Senate persisted, and at the beginning of March 1995 introduced two concurrent resolutions, urging the Clinton Administra- tion to grant Mr. Lee a visa for a private visit to Cornell (see Taiwan Communiqué no. 65, p. 17). The text of the Resolution is as follows: CONCURRENT RESOLUTION Expressing the sense of the Congress regarding a private visit by President Lee Teng-hui of Taiwan to the United States. Whereas United States diplomatic and economic security interests in East Asia have caused the United States to maintain a policy of recogniz- ing the Peoples Republic of China while maintaining solidarity with the democratic aspirations of the people of Taiwan; Whereas Taiwan is the United States sixth largest trading partner and an economic powerhouse buying more than twice as much annually from the United States as do the 1,200,000,000 Chinese of the Peoples Republic of China; Whereas the American people are eager for expanded trade opportuni- ties with Taiwan, the possessor of the worlds second largest foreign exchange reserves; Whereas the United States interests are served by supporting democracy and human rights abroad; Taiwan Communiqué -3- June 1995 Whereas Taiwan is a model emerging democracy, with a free press, free elections, stable democratic institutions, and human rights protections; Whereas vigorously contested elections conducted on Taiwan in Decem- ber 1994 were extraordinarily free and fair; Whereas United States interests are best served by policies that treat Taiwans leaders with respect and dignity; Whereas President Lee Teng-hui of Taiwan, a Ph.D. graduate of Cornell University, has been invited to pay a private visit to his alma mater and to attend the annual USA-ROC Economic Council Conference in Anchor- age, Alaska; Whereas there are no legitimate grounds for excluding President Lee Teng-hui from paying private visits; Whereas the Senate of the United States voted several times in 1994 to welcome President Lee to visit the United States; and Whereas Public Law 103-416 provides that the President of Taiwan shall be welcome in the United States at any time to discuss a host of important bilateral issues: Now, therefore, be it Resolved by the House of Representatives (the Senate concurring), That it is the sense of the Congress that the President should promptly indicate that the United States will welcome a private visit by President Lee Teng-hui to his alma mater, Cornell University, and will welcome a transit stop by President Lee in Anchorage, Alaska, to attend the USA-ROC Economic Council Conference. As indicated above, in the beginning of May, Congress passed the two Concurrent resolutions with the largest possible majority 97 to 1 in the Senate and 396 to 0 in the House. The move was also aided by a large number of editorials in US newspapers, urging the United States government to develop closer ties with a democratic Taiwan, and not give in to pressure from a repressive and dictatorial Communist China. Another important factor was the introduction by Congressman Robert Torricelli of a resolution (HR. 1460) to modify the Taiwan Relations Act, which would have Taiwan Communiqué -4- June 1995 required the Administration to allow entry into the United States of ...elected leaders of the people of Taiwan or their elected representatives. If adopted by Congress, this resolution would have been binding, in contrast to the two abovementioned resolutions, which are non-binding sense of Congress resolutions. An interesting sidenote to Mr. Torricellis resolution is that it would at this time not apply to President Lee Teng-hui, since he has not been elected (yet), but was appointed by the National Assembly in a closed process in March 1990. At that time, the National Assembly mainly consisted of old mainlanders elected in mainland China in 1947. The resolution would thus only apply to the Taiwan president elected in the upcoming March 1996 elections. Behind the scenes, the campaign to let President Lee visit his alma mater was assisted to no small degree by the lobbying activities of a Washington lobbying firm, Cassidy & Associates, which had been retained by the Taiwan Re- search Institute for an amount of US$ 4.5 million over three years. The Research Institute is closely associated with President Lee, and is headed by Mr. Liu Tai-ying, Mr. Lee's re-election plane: "when are we who also happens to be the Trea- cleared for take-off to Cornell ?" surer of the KMT-party. Furthermore, the campaign for Mr. Lees return to Cornell was also not hurt by the fact that a Taiwanese group called Friends of Lee Teng-hui donated US$ 2.5 million to Cornell for the establishment of a professorship in international studies. In the end, though, it was the determination of several key senators, which brought the matter to a positive conclusion: senators Murkowski (R-Alaska), Paul Simon (D-Il) and Charles Robb (D-Virginia) jointly convinced Mr. Clinton around May 18th that going ahead with the visit would be in the best interest of the United States. In a press conference on May 22nd, the three senators termed the decision a victory for democracy and lauded the progress Taiwan had made towards democratic principles and political pluralism as a major reason for the breakthrough. Senator Simon also termed the old US policy of politically isolating Taiwan two decades old, stilted, rigid and unrealistic. He called for a new policy, ...not on the Taiwan Communiqué -5- June 1995 basis of power, not on the basis of numbers, but on the basis of human rights, indicating that US policies towards Taiwan should not be dictated by another country (i.e. China). With regard to the relations with the PRC, the senators predicted that there would be a bump in the road, but that the long-term relations with China would not be affected. Chinas temper tantrums The Chinese authorities in Peking did react angrily: Chinese Foreign Minister Qian Qichen summoned US ambassador Stapleton Roy to the Foreign Ministry and warned him of grave consequences for US-China relations if the US went ahead with the plans. However, Mr. Stapleton Roy responded that the decision was final. In the days after the decision, the Chinese canceled a number of visits of Chinese officials to the United States, including an ongoing visit of a delegation led by its air force commander, and a planned visit by the Chinese minister of defense, Mr. Chi Haotien. However, there is little else the Chinese can do: the US holds two important trump cards: the upcoming renewal by President Clinton of Chinese Most Favored Nation status, and a say in Chinese accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO). Thus, the general consensus is that China will display a lot of bluff and bluster on the issue, but there is little the Chinese can do to change matters around. One editorial in an American newspaper (Fort Worth Star Telegram, 24 May 1995) aptly summa- rized it as follows: Let China fume. Indeed, China did display a peculiar double standard on the issue, when it canceled visits of its officials to the United States, but at the same time went ahead with a meeting of Mr.
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