DOCSLIB.ORG

Phytochemical Analysis and Antimicrobial Screening of Selected Yemeni Folk Medicinal Plants

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Phytochemical Analysis and Antimicrobial Screening of Selected Yemeni Folk Medicinal Plants Journal of Medicinal Plants Studies 2019; 7(5): 108-114 ISSN (E): 2320-3862 ISSN (P): 2394-0530 Phytochemical analysis and antimicrobial NAAS Rating: 3.53 JMPS 2019; 7(5): 108-114 screening of selected Yemeni folk medicinal plants © 2019 JMPS Received: 11-07-2019 Accepted: 15-08-2019 Aisha Mohammed Ali, Adel AM Saeed and Taha Abubaker Fdhel Aisha Mohammed Ali Chemistry Department, Faculty Abstract of Education, University of For along period of time, medicinal plants have played a vital role in the treatment of many diseases. The Aden, Yemen present study was carried out to evaluate phytochemical analysis of aqueous, methanol, ethanol, and chloroform crude extracts and antimicrobial screening of four Yemeni folk medicinal plants. The Adel AM Saeed Chemistry Department, Faculty phytochemical analysis of the plant extracts revealed presence alkaloids, tannins, glycosides, saponins, of Science, University of Aden, flavonoids, steroids, terpenoids, vitamin K and vitamin C in all study plants. The antimicrobial activity of Yemen solvent extracts of Plectranthus asirensis, Plectranthus amboinicus Lavandula pubescens Decne, and Dorstenia foetida plants were inspected against the selected experimental pathogens such as K. Taha Abubaker Fdhel pneumoniae, E. coli, S. epidermis, S. aureus, and C. albicans by agar well diffusion method. The results Chemistry Department, Faculty showed that extract from the investigated plants had antimicrobial activity in which ethanol and methanol of Education, University of extracts showed the highest values. Aden, Yemen Keywords: Folk medicinal plants, phytochemical analysis, antimicrobials activity, leaves and rhizomes extracts Introduction The use of herbal remedies are widely used in about 80% of populations against many infection diseases, but only few of them have been studied chemically and biologically in order to identify their active constituents [1-3]. Nowadays, phytochemicals with adequate antimicrobial potential extracted from different parts of the plants can be used for the treatment of microbial infections such as diarrhea, dysentery, cough, cold, fever, bronchitis, cholera [4]. Identification of secondary metabolites from plants in therapeutic application of diseases is of growing interest as they contain many active phytochemical constituents. Bioprocess can convert simple compounds to complex compounds and it uses in several medicines and therapeutics [5]. Yemeni folk medicinal plants, Plectranthus asirensis, Plectranthus ambinicus, Lavandula pubescens Decne and Dorstenia foetida have been used for the treatment of several diseases such as rash and itching, malarial fever, renal and vesicle calculi, cough, chronic asthma, colic [6-12] convulsions, epilepsy, psoriasis and vitiligo . The contemporary research was done to evaluate phytochemical composition and antimicrobial potential of four medicinal plants. Materials and Methods Collection of plant materials The selected plants were collected from their natural habitat in Yafae-Yemen. The plants were identified and authenticated by Prof. Abdul-Nasser Algfry in the Department of Botany, Education collage- University of Aden. Chemicals The entire chemicals used in the present study are of analytical grade. Micro-organisms Corresponding Author: Plant extracts were screened for their antimicrobial activity against four bacteria; two gram- Aisha Mohammed Ali Chemistry Department, Faculty positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus S.No.300-969-3374 and Staphylococcus epidermidis of Education, University of S.No.800-900-3376) and two gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli S.No.800-966-1793, Aden, Yemen ~ 108 ~ Journal of Medicinal Plants Studies http://www.plantsjournal.com Klebsiella pneumoniae S.No.800-445-9890) and against one the weight. Calculation was made to get glycosides amounts. fungi (Candida albicans) obtained from the Department of Medical Microbiology-King Abdulaziz Hospital, Kingdom of Saponins determination [25] Saudi Arabia. 20 g of each grounded sample was put into a conical flask and 100 ml of 20% aqueous ethanol was added. Then the flask Plant martials extraction was heated on a hot water bath for 4 hr. with constant stirring The plant parts (The leaves of Plectranthus amboinicus, at about 55°C. The mixture was then filtered and the residue Plectranthus asirensis, Lavandula pubescens Decne and the was again extracted with another 200 ml 20% ethanol. The rhizomes of Dorstenia Foetida) were carefully washed under combined extract was reduced to 40 ml on a hot water bath at running tap water followed by sterilized water, cut into small about 90 °C. The concentrate was transferred into a 250 ml parts and then air-dried under natural conditions for three separatory funnel, added 20 ml diethyl ether in it followed by weeks. The dried plant materials were powdered and sieved vigorous shaking. The aqueous layer was recovered while the and each 50 g of plant extract (0.210-0.350 mm in size) were ether layer was discarded. The purification process was extracted with 500 mL of various organic solvents viz. water repeated. 60 ml of n-butanol was added. The combined n- (AQ), methanol (ML), ethanol (EL) and chloroform (CF) for butanol extracts were washed twice with 10 ml of 5% aqueous 48 hr at room temperature at orbital shaker through sodium chloride. maceration method of extraction. The extracts were The remaining solution was heated in a water bath. After centrifuged at 2500 rpm for 15 min then filtrated through evaporation the samples were dried in oven, weighed and Whatman No.1 filter paper and concentrated to dryness under saponin content was calculated as percentage. vacuum at 60 °C using rotary evaporator device under constant pressure. Only water extract was autoclaved at 121 Tannins determination [26] °C then all obtained dried extracts were stored in refrigerator 0.5 g of plant powder was heated with 25 ml distilled water in at 4 °C in labeled and airtight/sterile bottles until use. a water bath for 30 min until boiling then centrifuged quickly at 2000 rpm for a period of 20 min. Transfer to a 100ml- Qualitative analysis volumetric flask. 20 ml of lead acetate solution (4%) was A preliminary phytochemical screening investigated the added and completed in size with distilled water up to the presence of alkaloids (Mayer's test and Dragendorff’s test), mark. The mixture was shaken for an hour, then filtrated glycosides (Keller-Killai test), flavonoids (Ethanol%95+ferric through a filter paper (type Whatman No. 1). The filtrated was chloride 1% reagent, Shinadow’s test, and KOH test), dried in a drying oven at 105 °C then ignited in furnace up to saponines (Foam formation), taninn (Ferric chloride 1% 500 °C for two hr. The residue was cooled and weighing reagent), terpens (Salowski's test), steroids (Libermann test) process was repeated until reached constant of weight. and coumarins (NaOH 1% + UV light) according to standard methods [13-21]. Volatile oils determination [27] Dry plant powder subjected to hydro-distillation for 4 hr for Quantitative analysis Determination of alkaloids [22] extraction of oils. The oil samples were extracted three times 20 g of ethanol extract was dissolved in 5% HCl (50 ml). The with hexane (30 ml) and treated with anhydrous sodium mixture was centrifuged and the aqueous portion was sulfate (5-10 g). The supernatant was collected with a pipette transferred to a new tube and basified with NH4OH (pH 8- and concentrated by rotary evaporator under reduced pressure 10). The aqueous (basic) portion was extracted with CHCl3 to obtain the essential oil. Percentage quantity was then three times, and then concentrated under reduced pressure. calculated. Each sample was dried and weighed to determine the amount of alkaloid residues and expressed as a percentage of weight Vitamin K determination [28] of sample analyzed. 0.125 g of accurately weighed dry plant powder was transferred into a10 mL- volumetric flask then 8 mL of Flavonoids determination [23] CH3OH-CH2Cl2 (1:1, v/v) was added. After 15 min of 10 g of each plant sample was extracted with 100 ml of 80% ultrasonic extraction, CH3OH-CH2Cl2 (1:1, v/v) was added aqueous methanol repeatedly at room temperature. The whole to the mark. The sample solutions was stored in the dark. solution was filtered through Whatman filter paper No.42 Prior to injection, the solutions was filtered through a 0.2 μm (125 mm). membrane. 10 μl of this extract was injected in HPLC using The filtrate was later transferred into a crucible and Agilent 25 cm x 4.6 mm Zorbax SB-C8 column (column evaporated into dryness over a water bath, the weight of the compartment: 30° C) and methanol-water (5:95) as a mobile material and percentage quantity was calculated. phase. The flow rate was 1ml/ min. Glycosides determination [24] Vitamin C determination by the method [29] 80 ml of 20% ethanol was added to 5g of grounded sample 10 g of dry plant powder was mixed with a little distilled then the solution was shook for a 6 hr, and then filtered water and about 5 ml of 2 M sulfuric acid was added, through Whatman filter paper 42. The extraction process was subsequently introduced into ascorbic acid measurement repeated for the deposit remaining after filtration in the same device as much vitamin C by titration with iodine solution way to two more times. Leachate collection extracted from (0.05 M). The calculated result is compared with the standard three operations strongly was shook with 25 ml of chloroform ascorbic acid solutions. in a separating funnel. All abstracted chloroform collection of six operations was then evaporated in a rotary evaporator until Antimicrobial screening [30] the drought. Sludge remaining was melted in a mixture of Based on the results of phytochemical analysis, the chloroform and methanol (1: 1), then the solution was filtered antimicrobial screening of the plant extracts was done using and evaporated to dry on a hot water bath until the stability of agar well diffusion method for aqueous, methanol, ethanol ~ 109 ~ Journal of Medicinal Plants Studies http://www.plantsjournal.com and chloroform fractions.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • In Vitro Antifungal Activity of Dorstenia Mannii Leaf Extracts (Moraceae)
    Vol. 14(46), pp. 3164-3169, 18 November, 2015 DOI: 10.5897/AJB2015.14659 Article Number: 935FB1D56243 ISSN 1684-5315 African Journal of Biotechnology Copyright © 2015 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article http://www.academicjournals.org/AJB Full Length Research Paper In vitro antifungal activity of Dorstenia mannii leaf extracts (Moraceae) Kechia Frederick Agem1,2*, Gerald Ngo Teke2, Ngameni Bathelemy3, Fokunang Charles3, Dzoyem Jean-Paul4 and Kamga Henri Lucien2 1Mycology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Parasitology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1. Yaoundé, Cameroon. 2Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bamenda, P. O. Box 39, Bambili. Bamenda, Cameroon. 3Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Cameroon. 4Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P. O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon. Received 22 April, 2015; Accepted 15 October, 2015 The leaves of Dorstenia mannii are used in traditional medicine in Cameroon and other African countries for the treatment of infectious diseases like malaria, skin rashes and stomach disorders. To substantiate this folkloric claim, the crude methanol extract and fractions from the leaves of D. mannii were investigated for their antifungal activity. The crude methanol extract was prepared from powdered dried leaves of the D. mannii. A portion was subjected to flash liquid chromatography on silica gel to afford test fractions. All test samples were screened for major groups of phytochemicals.Test samples and nystatin (reference) were evaluated for antifungal activity on ten yeasts using agar disc diffusion and broth microdilution methods. The qualitative analysis of crude methanol extract and fractions of D.
    [Show full text]
  • NATIVE NAMES and USES of SOME PLANTS of EASTERN GUATEMALA Mid HONDURAS
    NATIVE NAMES AND USES OF SOME PLANTS OF EASTERN GUATEMALA MiD HONDURAS. By S. F. BLAKE. INTRODUCTION. In the spring of 1919 an Economic Survey Mission of the United States State Department, headed by the late Maj. Percy H. Ashmead, made a brief examination of the natural products and resources of the region lying between the Chamelec6n Valley in Honduras and the Motagua VaUey in Guatemala. Work was also done by the botanists of the expedition in the vicinity of Izabal on Lak.. Izaba!. Descriptions of the new species collected by the expedition, with a short account of its itinerary, have already been published by the writer,' and a number of the new forms have been illustrated. The present list is based · wholly on the data and specimens collected by the botanists and foresters of this expedition-H. Pittier, S. F. Blake, G. B. Gilbert, L. R. Stadtmiller, and H. N. Whitford-and no attempt has been made to incorporate data from other regions of Central America. Such information will be found chiefly in various papers published by Henry Pittier,' J. N. Rose,' and P. C. Standley.' LIST OF NATIVE NAllES AND USES. Acacia sp. CACHITO. eoaNIZuELO. ISCAN.... L. FAAACEJ..E. Acacla sp. I....&GAR'l"O. SANPlWBANO. FABACE'·. A tree up to 25 meters high and 45 em. to diameter. The wood is lISed for bunding. Acalypha sp. Co8TII I A DE PANTA. EUPHOllBlAc!:a. 'Contr. U. S. Not. Herb. 24: 1-32. pl •. 1-10, ,. 1-4. 1922. • Ensayo oobre las plantas usuatee de Costa Rica. pp. 176, pk.
    [Show full text]
  • Ficus (Fig Tree) Species of Guatemala Nicholas M
    Economic Potential for Amate Trees Ficus (Fig Tree) Species of Guatemala Nicholas M. Hellmuth Introduction Entire monographs have been written on the bark paper of the Maya and Aztec codices (Van Hagen 1944). And there are plenty of scholarly botanical studies of Ficus trees of the family Moraceae. But on the Internet there is usually total confusion in popular web sites about the differences between strangler figs and normal fig trees. It is unclear to which degree the bark paper comes from a strangler fig tree, or also from anotherFicus species which is a normal tree (not dedicated to wrapping its roots around a host tree). But all this needs further research since 90% of the books and about 99% of the articles are on bark paper of Mexico. Indeed bark paper is still made in several parts of Mexico (to sell the tourists interested in Aztec, Maya and other cultures). Since we are in the middle of projects studying flavorings for cacao, Aztec and Maya ingredients for tobacco (more than just tobacco), colorants from local plants to dye native cotton clothing, and also trying to locate all the hundreds of medicinal plants of Guatemala, it would require funding to track down and study every species of Ficus. But since we are interested in all utilitarian plants of Mesoamerica, we wanted at least to prepare an introductory tabulation and a brief bibliography to assist people to understand that • strangler figs strangle other trees; these are very common in Guatemala • But there are many fig trees which are not stranglers • Figs for candy and cookies come from fig trees of other parts of the world • Not all bark paper comes just from amate (Ficus) trees For photographs we show in this first edition only the two fig trees which we have found in the last two months of field trips.
    [Show full text]
  • 13C-NMR Data from Coumarins from Moraceae Family
    American Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 2015, 6, 851-866 Published Online October 2015 in SciRes. http://www.scirp.org/journal/ajac http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ajac.2015.611081 13C-NMR Data from Coumarins from Moraceae Family Raphael F. Luz1,2*, Ivo J. C. Vieira1, Raimundo Braz-Filho1, Vinicius F. Moreira1 1Sector of Natural Products Chemistry, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, Brazil 2Sector of Chemistry, Instituto Federal Fluminense, Campos dos Goytacazes, Brazil Email: *[email protected] Received 7 September 2015; accepted 16 October 2015; published 19 October 2015 Copyright © 2015 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Abstract Species from Moraceae family stand out in popular medicine and phytotherapy, have been for example used as expectorants, bronchodilators, anthelmintics and treatment of skin diseases, such as vitiligo, due to the presence of compounds with proven biological activity, as the coumarins. Coumarins are lactones with 1,2-benzopyrone basic structure, and are widely distributed in the plant kingdom, both in free form, and in glycosylated form. This work reports a literature review, describing the data of 13C NMR from 53 coumarins isolated from the family Moraceae, and data comparison between genera who presented photochemical studies, in order to contribute to the chemotaxonomy of this family. Keywords Moraceae, Coumarin, Furocoumarin, Pyranocoumarin, NMR Spectral Data 1. Introduction The Moraceae family has 6 tribes, 63 genera and about 1500 species found in the tropics, subtropics and, in a smaller proportion, in temperate regions.
    [Show full text]
  • Linnaeus' Philosophia Botanica
    linnaeus’ Philosophia Botanica STEPHEN FREER Stephen Freer, born at Little Compton in1920, was a classical scholar at Eton and Trinity College Cambridge. In 1940, he was approached by the Foreign Office and worked at Bletchley Park and in London. Later, Stephen was employed by the Historical Manuscripts Commission, retiring in 1962 due to ill health. He has continued to work since then, first as a volunteer for the MSS department of the Bodleian Library with Dr William Hassall, and then on a part-time basis at the Oxfordshire County Record. In 1988, he was admitted as a lay reader in the Diocese of Oxford. His previous book was a translation of Wharton’s Adenographia, published by OUP in 1996. A fellow of the Linneau Society of London, Stephen lives with his wife Frederica in Gloucestershire. They have a daughter, Isabel. COVER ILLUSTRATION Rosemary Wise, who designed and painted the garland of flowers on the book cover, is the botanical illustrator in the Department of Plant Sciences in the University of Oxford, associate staff at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, and a fellow of the Linneau Society of London. In1932 Carl Linnaeus made an epic journey to Lapland, the vast area across arctic Norway, Sweden, and Finland. In 1988, to mark the bicentenary of the Linneau Society of London, a group from Great Britain and Sweden retraced his route. Rosemary, was the official artist and the flowers featured here are taken from ones painted at that time, plants with which Linnaeus would have been familiar. The garland of flowers surrounds an image of the medallion portrait of Linnaeus by C.
    [Show full text]
  • (Moraceae) with a Focus on Artocarpus
    Systematic Botany (2010), 35(4): pp. 766–782 © Copyright 2010 by the American Society of Plant Taxonomists DOI 10.1600/036364410X539853 Phylogeny and Recircumscription of Artocarpeae (Moraceae) with a Focus on Artocarpus Nyree J. C. Zerega, 1 , 2 , 5 M. N. Nur Supardi , 3 and Timothy J. Motley 4 1 Chicago Botanic Garden, 1000 Lake Cook Road, Glencoe, Illinois 60022, U. S. A. 2 Northwestern University, Plant Biology and Conservation, 2205 Tech Drive, Evanston, Illinois 60208, U. S. A. 3 Forest Research Institute of Malaysia, 52109, Kepong, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia 4 Old Dominion University, Department of Biological Sciences, 110 Mills Godwin Building/45th Street, Norfolk, Virginia 23529-0266, U. S. A. 5 Corresponding author ( [email protected] ) Communicating Editor: Anne Bruneau Abstract— Moraceae is a large (~1,050 species) primarily tropical family with several economically and ecologically important species. While its monophyly has been well supported in recent studies, relationships within the family at the tribal level and below remain unresolved. Delimitation of the tribe Artocarpeae has been particularly difficult. Classifications based on morphology differ from those based on phyloge- netic studies, and all treatments include highly heterogeneous assemblages of genera that seem to represent a cross section of the family. We evaluated chloroplast and nuclear DNA sequence data for 60 Moraceae taxa representing all genera that have been included in past treatments of Artocarpeae and also included species from several other Moraceae tribes and closely related families as outgroups. The data were analyzed using maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood methods and indicate that none of the past treatments of Artocarpeae represent a mono- phyletic lineage.
    [Show full text]
  • MORACEAE Da VALE 1
    Reserva Natural Vale, Linhares –Espírito Santo, BRASIL MORACEAE da VALE 1 Anderson F. P. Machado1 & Geovane S. Siqueira2 1 Universidade Estadual Feira de Santana (UEFS), 2 Reserva Natural Vale, Linhares, Espírito Santo. Fotos dos autores, exceto quando indicado. Produzido por: Juliana Philipp, Geovane S. Siqueira & R. Foster. Apoio: Connie Keller, Ellen Hyndman Fund e A. Mellon Foundation. Agradecimentos: GABDS – Gerência de Biodiversidade e Florestas; a D.A. Folli, L.C. Pederneiras, MDM V. Filho e a Robin Foster pelas fotos cedidas. © Anderson F.P.Machado [[email protected]], Geovane S. Siqueira [[email protected]] © ECCo, The Field Museum, Chicago, IL 60605 USA. [http://fieldmuseum.org/IDtools] [[email protected]] Rapid Color Guide # 358 versão 1 08/2012 1 Artocarpus altilis 2 Artocarpus heterophyllus 3 Brosimum guianense 4 Brosimum guianense 5 Brosimum lactescens Foto: R. Foster 6 Brosimum lactescens 7 Brosimum lactescens 8 Brosimum lactescens 9 Clarisia ilicifolia 10 Clarisia ilicifolia Foto: R. Foster 11 Clarisia ilicifolia 12 Clarisia racemosa 13 Clarisia racemosa 14 Dorstenia gracilis 15 Dorstenia gracilis Foto: D.A Foli 16 Ficus arpazusa 17 Ficus arpazusa 18 Ficus bahiensis 19 Ficus bahiensis 20 Ficus castellviana Reserva Natural Vale, Linhares –Espírito Santo, BRASIL MORACEAE da VALE 2 Anderson F. P. Machado1 & Geovane S. Siqueira2 1 Universidade Estadual Feira de Santana (UEFS), 2 Reserva Natural Vale, Linhares, Espírito Santo. Fotos dos autores, exceto quando indicado. Produzido por: Juliana Philipp, Geovane S. Siqueira & R. Foster. Apoio: Connie Keller, Ellen Hyndman Fund e A. Mellon Foundation. Agradecimentos: GABDS – Gerência de Biodiversidade e Florestas; a D.A. Folli, L.C. Pederneiras, MDM V.
    [Show full text]
  • September, 2018
    ON THE DRY SIDE SEPTEMBER 2018 CENTRAL COAST CACTUS & SUCCULENT SOCIETY SEPTEMBER SPEAKERS OF THE MONTH: MIKE BUSH & ALLANA CHILDS Growing and Selling Succulents at Cal Poly Horticulture Unit While Cal Poly has successfully sold succulents in the distant past, the current effort only began four years ago when Mike Bush was tasked with upgrading the remaining plants and employing students to further Cal Poly’s “Learn by Doing” motto. Growing slowly and selling primarily 4” plants in the Poly Plant Shop, operations grew to culminate in SUCCULENTOPIA! this past May – returning some $14,000 to be used to continue to support more student employees. In fact, the crew of student succulent growers had grown to five people working up to 10 hours per week, with the Stu- dent Succulent Manager – Allana Childs - often working 20-30 hours weekly in her final quarter this spring. Allana had come to work with our succulents nearly three years previously, and had worked her way quickly to a lead position. Her work drew the attention of Succulent Gardens in Castroville, who committed to hire her last fall, a full two quarters prior to her graduation! Allana Childs chose to utilize her experience growing succulents at Cal Poly for her senior project which resulted in a Manual that will aid students (and Mike!) in continuing to grow quality succulents. Allana and Mike will present her Manual and other growing tips from Cal Poly at our September Meeting. Allana recently graduated from Cal Poly San Luis Obispo with a degree in Horti- culture and a minor in Biology.
    [Show full text]
  • MORACEAE Genera Other Than FICUS (C.C
    Flora Malesiana, Series I, Volume 17 / Part 1 (2006) 1–152 MORACEAE GENera OTHer THAN FICUS (C.C. Berg, E.J.H. Corner† & F.M. Jarrett)1 FOREWORD The following treatments of Artocarpus, Hullettia, Parartocarpus, and Prainea are based on the monograph by Jarrett (1959–1960) and on the treatments she made for this Flora in cooperation with Dr. M. Jacobs in the 1970s. These included some new Artocarpus species described in 1975 and the re-instatement of A. peltata. Artocarpus lanceifolius subsp. clementis was reduced to the species, in A. nitidus the subspe- cies borneensis and griffithii were reduced to varieties and the subspecies humilis and lingnanensis included in var. nitidus. The varieties of A. vrieseanus were no longer recognised. More new Malesian species of Parartocarpus were described by Corner (1976), Go (1998), and in Artocarpus by Kochummen (1998). A manuscript with the treatment of the other genera was submitted by Corner in 1972. Numerous changes to the taxonomy, descriptions, and keys have been made to the original manuscripts, for which the present first author is fully responsible. References: Corner, E.J.H., A new species of Parartocarpus Baillon (Moraceae). Gard. Bull. Singa- pore 28 (1976) 183–190. — Go, R., A new species of Parartocarpus (Moraceae) from Sabah. Sandaka- nia 12 (1998) 1–5. — Jarrett, F.M., Studies in Artocarpus and allied genera I–V. J. Arnold Arbor. 50 (1959) 1–37, 113–155, 298–368; 51 (1960) 73–140, 320–340. — Jarrett, F.M., Four new Artocarpus species from Indo-Malesia (Moraceae). Blumea 22 (1975) 409–410. — Kochummen, K.M., New species and varieties of Moraceae from Malaysia.
    [Show full text]
  • Redalyc.Synopsis of Dorstenia (Moraceae) in Rio Grande Do Sul
    Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências ISSN: 0001-3765 [email protected] Academia Brasileira de Ciências Brasil DE OLIVEIRA BOENI, BRUNA; BUSTOS SINGER, RODRIGO Synopsis of Dorstenia (Moraceae) in Rio Grande do Sul, Southern Brazil Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, vol. 87, núm. 2, abril-junio, 2015, pp. 925-942 Academia Brasileira de Ciências Rio de Janeiro, Brasil Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=32739721031 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências (2015) 87(2): 925-942 (Annals of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences) Printed version ISSN 0001-3765 / Online version ISSN 1678-2690 http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201520140369 www.scielo.br/aabc Synopsis of Dorstenia (Moraceae) in Rio Grande do Sul, Southern Brazil BRUNA DE OLIVEIRA BOENI and RODRIGO BUSTOS SINGER Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Bloco IV, Prédio 43433, Sala 214, Campus do Vale, Agronomia, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil Manuscript received on July 17, 2014; accepted for publication on November 25, 2014 ABSTRACT A taxonomic synopsis of Dorstenia (Moraceae) in Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Southern Brazil, is presented. Three species were recorded: D. brasiliensis, D. carautae, a new record for the state of RS, and D. tenuis. All species are described and illustrated through detailed photos of living specimens.
    [Show full text]
  • Arabuko-Sokoke Forest Plant List
    Arabuko-Sokoke Forest Plant List This list of plant species was compiled from various sources; mainly Robertson & Luke (1993) and Mutangah & Mwaura (1992), with some additional records from the database made by Robertson from the E A Herbarium in 1986. The Families (and Family Numbers) are arranged in the sequence used at EA. The list is not complete but probably lists over 80% of the higher plants. Certain families such as Vitaceae, Commelinaceae, Cyperaceae and Gramineae should be studied further, as well as the aquatic plants. Before publication this list should be annotated with a specimen cited for each species, and the plant form noted. A plant reference collection (site based herbarium) is being prepared for KEFRI Gede Forest Station, and all researchers who have collected plant vouchers should be encouraged to deposit a duplicate set of specimens there. I would like to thank Dr I Gordon for providing a Word File, named PLANLIST, containing the original of this list which I put together in 1994, but subsequently lost from my computer, for the Arabuko-Sokoke Research and Monitoring Workshop held at Watamu, 20-21 July 1999. This is an edited version, called Arabuko-Sokoke Plant List (in Word 97). Mrs S A Robertson, Box 162, Malindi. 23.7.99 Order Pteridophyta Family Adiantaceae Pellaea involuta Family Davalliaceae Davallia chaerophylloides Family Polypodiaceae Microgramma lycopodioides Phymatosorus scolopendria Order Gymnospermae Family Zamiaceae Encephalartos hildebrandtil var. hildebrandtii Order Angiospermae Dicotyledonae Family Annonaceae (008) Artabotrys modestus Asteranthe asterias ssp . asterias Monanthotaxis faulknerae Monanthotaxis fornicata Monodora grandidieri Polyalthia stuhlmannii Sphaerocoryne gracilis Uvaria acuminata Uvaria lucida ssp .
    [Show full text]
  • Molecular Recircumscription of Broussonetia (Moraceae) and the Identity and Taxonomic Status of B. Kaempferi Var. Australis
    Chung et al. Bot Stud (2017) 58:11 DOI 10.1186/s40529-017-0165-y ORIGINAL ARTICLE Open Access Molecular recircumscription of Broussonetia (Moraceae) and the identity and taxonomic status of B. kaempferi var. australis Kuo‑Fang Chung1,2*, Wen‑Hsi Kuo1, Yi‑Hsuan Hsu1,2, Yi‑Hsuan Li1,2, Rosario Rivera Rubite3 and Wei‑Bin Xu4 Abstract Background: Despite being a relatively small genus, the taxonomy of the paper mulberry genus Broussonetia remains problematic. Much of the controversy is related to the identity and taxonomic status of Broussonetia kaemp- feri var. australis, a name treated as a synonym in the floras of Taiwan and yet accepted in the floras of China. At the generic level, the monophyly of Corner (Gard Bull Singap 19:187–252, 1962)’s concept of Broussonetia has not been tested. In recent studies of Broussonetia of Japan, lectotypes of the genus were designated and three species (B. kaempferi, Broussonetia monoica, and Broussonetia papyrifera) and a hybrid (B. kazinoki) were recognized. Based on the revision and molecular phylogenetic analyses, this article aims to clarify these× issues. Results: Herbarium studies, field work, and molecular phylogenetic analyses indicate that all Taiwanese materials identifiable to B. kaempferi var. australis are conspecific with B. monoica of Japan and China. Molecular phylogenetic analyses showed that Broussonetia sensu Corner (Gard Bull Singap 19:187–252, 1962) contains two clades correspond‑ ing to sect. Broussonetia and sect. Allaeanthus, with Malaisia scandens sister to sect. Broussonetia. Conclusions: Based on our analyses, B. kaempferi var. australis is treated as a synonym of B. monoica and that B.
    [Show full text]