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Demographic Profile

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Demographic Profile CHAPTER 2 DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE Area Delhi is the National Capital Territory and it is bordered by Haryana on three sides and by Utter Pradesh in the east. It is located at North Latitude from 28.24 28.53 degrees and East Longitude from 76.50 - 77.20 degrees. Delhi covers an area of 1483 Sq. Km., of which 369.35 sq. Km. is designated as rural and 1113.65 Sq. Km. as urban, which makes it the largest city in terms of area in the country. It has a length of 51.9 km and breadth of 48.48 Km. Delhi has 11 districts with 33 Tehsils/ Sub-Divisions. Two prominent features of Delhi are the Yamuna flood plains and -iv, an indication of its vulnerability to major earthquakes. ECONOMIC SURVEY OF DELHI, 2018-19 23 2. Demographic Trends: 2.1 Delhi is one of the fastest growing cities in the country. Due to rapid pace of urbanization, the landscape of Delhi has undergone a change from a rural majority to urban. The rural to urban are a change during the last three censuses in Delhi is depicted in Statement 2.1: Statement 2.1 AREA - RURAL AND URBAN Sl. Classification 1991 2001 2011 No. of Area Sq. Km % Sq. Km % Sq. Km % 1. Rural 797.66 53.79 558.32 37.65 369.35 24.90 2. Urban 685.34 46.21 924.68 62.35 1113.65 75.1 3. Total 1483.00 100.00 1483.00 100.00 1483.00 100.00 Source: Census of India, 1991, 2001 & 2011 1500 1113.65 924.68 1000 797.66 685.34 558.32 Rural 369.35 Urban 500 0 Sq. Km Sq. Km Sq. Km 2.2 The growth in the urban area during 2001-2011 was observed at 20.44 percent. This pace of urbanization has reduced the number of villages in Delhi from 300 in 1961 to 165 in 2001 and 112 in 2011. The number of urbanized villages has increased from 20 in 1961 to 135 in 2011. The number of census towns has increased from 3 in 1971 to 29 in 1991 and 110 in 2011. Thus more and more rural villages of Delhi are being declared as census towns in each successive Census, resulting in decreasing rural population and rural areas in Delhi. 3. Population 3.1 The Population Census is the only source providing comprehensive data on population characteristics carried out decennially by the Govt. of India in collaboration with states. The first synchronous census in India was held in 1881. The latest census, 15th in the series, was conducted in 2011.As per this census, the population of Delhi , as of 1st March, 2011, was 16.78 million as against 13.85 million on 1st March, 2001. According to Census 2011, about 97.50 per cent of the population of Delhi lives in urban areas and the remaining 2.5 percent in rural areas. This urban population includes the population of 110 census towns in the 24 ECONOMIC SURVEY OF DELHI, 2018-19 2011 Census. As per the Revenue Department record, these census towns are located in the rural area of Delhi and they are not a part of the notified urban area of Delhi. 4. Growth of Population 4.1 The population of Delhi and India and its growth during the last six decades has been presented in Statement 2.2. Statement 2.2: POPULATION OF INDIA AND DELHI & ITS GROWTH DURING 1951-2011 (Lakh) Delhi India Share of S.No. Years Population Growth Population Growth(%) (%) Population in All India 1. 1951 17.44 -- 3610.88 -- 0.48 2. 1961 26.59 52.44 4392.35 21.64 0.61 3. 1971 40.66 52.93 5481.60 24.80 0.74 4. 1981 62.20 53.00 6833.29 24.66 0.91 5. 1991 94.21 51.45 8464.21 23.87 1.11 6. 2001 138.51 47.02 10287.37 21.54 1.35 7. 2011 167.88 21.20 12108.55 17.70 1.39 Source: - Census of India (Primary Census Abstract 2011). 4.2 The decadal growth rate of the population during 2001-2011 was recorded at 21.2 per cent. This is a peculiar feature of Census 2011, as in all censuses since 1951, the decadal growth rate of the population was more than 50% and 47% in 2001.This trend may be attributed to the implementation of various employment promotion programmes such as MNREGA and welfare schemes such as pension for senior citizens and widows by Central and State Governments on one hand and development of NCR priority towns viz. Gurgaon, Faridabad, Sonipat, Noida, Ghaziabad, Meerut, etc., contributing to the reduction of migration to Delhi. The population growth rate in Delhi during the last decade was higher than the national level by3.5 per cent. Delhi accounts for about 0.05 area, but comprises1.39 4.3 the national level enhanced from 0.48 per cent in 1951 to 1.39 per cent in 2011. The rate of growth of population in Delhi was highest during 1971-81 at 53.00 per cent. The annual rate of growth of population in Delhi during the last decade was 2.12 per cent per annum, which was higher than the national level of 0.35 per cent per annum. The population in Delhi during 1951-2011 is depicted in Chart 2.1. ECONOMIC SURVEY OF DELHI, 2018-19 25 Chart 2.1 POPULATION OF DELHI: 1951-2011 (Lakh) 180 167.88 160 138.51 140 120 94.21 100 80 62.2 60 40.66 40 26.59 17.44 20 0 1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011 5. District-wise Population 5.1 At the time of the1991 Census, Delhi was a single district territory. In 1996, the Government of NCT Delhi, through a gazette notification, created 9 districts and 27 sub-divisions. The Population Census of 2001 was conducted in each of the 9 districts and 27 Sub-divisions. The district-wise population of NCT Delhi during Census 2001 and 2011 is presented in Statement 2.3. Statement 2.3 DISTRICT-WISE POPULATION OF NCT DELHI: 2001 & 2011 S. Districts 2001 2011 No. Number Per cent Rank Number Per cent Rank 1. North West 2860869 20.65 1 3656539 21.78 1 2. South 2267023 16.37 2 2731929 16.27 2 3 West 2128908 15.37 3 2543243 15.15 3 4 North East 1768061 12.77 4 2241624 13.35 5 5. South West 1755041 12.67 5 2292958 13.66 4 6. East 1463583 10.57 6 1709345 10.18 6 7. North 781525 5.64 7 887978 5.29 7 8. Central 646385 4.67 8 582320 3.47 8 9. New Delhi 179112 1.29 9 142004 0.85 9 Total 13850507 100.00 16787941 100.00 Source: -Census of India (Primary Census Abstract 2011). 26 ECONOMIC SURVEY OF DELHI, 2018-19 5.2 It is evident from Statement 2.3 that more than 53 per cent of the population of Delhi in 2011 lived in three districts viz. North-west, South and West districts of Delhi. The district-wise population of Delhi in 2001 and 2011 is depicted in Chart 2.2 Chart 2.2 DISTRICT-WISE POPULATION OF DELHI-2001 and 2011 142004 New Delhi 179112 582320 2011 2001 Central 646385 887978 North 781525 1709345 East 1463583 2292958 South West 1755041 2241624 North East 1768061 2543243 West 2128908 2731929 South 2267023 3656539 North West 2860869 0 500000 1000000 1500000 2000000 2500000 3000000 3500000 4000000 6. Sex Ratio 6.1 Sex ratio is a very important demographic indicator for analyzing the socio- economic features of a population. It is the ratio of females per thousand males. As per 2011 Census, the sex ratio of Delhi was 868.During the last decade, the sex ratio in Delhi increased from 821 in 2001 to 868 in 2011. In order to overcome this critical situation both at the national and state level, various stringent actions against female foeticide and the complete abolition of sex determination practices during pregnancy period have been introduced and implemented. The district-wise sex ratio of NCT Delhi in 2001and 2011 is presented in Statement 2.4. ECONOMIC SURVEY OF DELHI, 2018-19 27 Statement 2.4 DISTRICT-WISE SEX RATIO OF NCT DELHI DURING 2001 & 2011 S. Districts Sex Ratio No. 2001 Rank 2011 Rank 1. North East 849 1 886 2 2. East 843 2 884 3 3 Central 842 3 892 1 4 West 830 4 875 4 5. North 826 5 869 5 6. North West 820 6 865 6 7. South 799 7 862 7 8. New Delhi 792 8 822 9 9. South West 784 9 840 8 Delhi 821 868 Source: - Census of India (Primary Census Abstract 2011). 6.2 In most of the Northern states in India, the sex ratio indicated a critical situation as per the 2001 and 2011 Censuses. The sex ratio of Northern states as per the 2001 and 2011 Census is presented in Statement 2.5. Statement 2.5 SEX RATIO OF NORTHERN STATES IN INDIA- 2001 & 2011 S. States Sex Ratio No. 2001 2011 1. Jammu and Kashmir 892 889 2. Himachal Pradesh 968 972 3 Punjab 876 895 4. Chandigarh 777 818 5 Uttarakhand 962 963 6. Haryana 861 879 7. Rajasthan 921 928 8. Uttar Pradesh 898 912 9. Delhi 821 868 India 933 943 Source: - Census of India (Primary Census Abstract 2011) . 6.3 The total number of births registered in Delhi under Civil Registration System (CRS) is presented in Statement 2.6.
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