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Table of Contents Table of Contents Keynote Address.................................................................................................................................. iii Science Board Symposium abstracts (S1)............................................................................................. 1 BIO Topic Session abstracts (S2) ....................................................................................................... 19 BIO Topic Session abstracts (S3) ....................................................................................................... 29 CCCC/CFAME Topic Session abstracts (S4)..................................................................................... 37 CCCC/MODEL Topic Session abstracts (S5) .................................................................................... 49 FIS/CCCC Topic Session abstracts (S6)............................................................................................. 57 MEQ/FIS Topic Session abstracts (S7) .............................................................................................. 65 MEQ/FIS Topic Session abstracts (S8) .............................................................................................. 75 MEQ Topic Session abstracts (S9) ..................................................................................................... 85 TCODE Topic Session abstracts (S10)............................................................................................... 97 FIS Paper Session abstracts (FIS) ..................................................................................................... 107 POC Paper Session abstracts (POC) ................................................................................................. 133 BIO Poster Session abstracts (BIO) .................................................................................................. 167 CCCC Poster Session abstracts (CCCC)........................................................................................... 179 MEQ Poster Session abstracts (MEQ) .............................................................................................. 187 MEQ Workshop (including laboratory demonstration) and HAB-S Meeting (W1)......................... 197 MEQ Workshop abstracts (W2)........................................................................................................ 209 IFEP/MODELWorkshop abstracts (W3).......................................................................................... 217 MONITOR Workshop abstracts (W4).............................................................................................. 223 Index of Authors ............................................................................................................................... 229 PICES Acronyms.............................................................................................................................. 241 Useful Information............................................................................................................................ 242 Restaurants........................................................................................................................................ 243 Floor Plan for PICES XIV ................................................................................................................ 250 Abstracts are sorted first by session and then alphabetically by presenter’s last name. Presenters’ names are in bold and underlined print. The Index of Authors lists all authors, including co-authors, in alphabetical order. Paper numbers and page numbers are also listed in the Index of authors. Some abstracts in this collection have not been edited and have been printed in the condition that they were received. i K eynote Address PICES XIV Far-eastern sea shelf ecosystems of yesterday, today, and tomorrow Vladimir I. Radchenko Sakhalin Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography, 196 Komsomolskaya Street, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, 693023, Russia E-mail: [email protected] Systematical research of the far-eastern shelf began in 1950 with the cruises of the famous R/V Vityaz. These studies provided the outline for shelf and continental slope areas, composition and distribution of bottom sediments, general characteristics of physical conditions, fish and invertebrates abundance and distribution. The total area of the far-eastern seas shelf exceeds 1 million km2. The shelf is extremely rich in living resources, including about 362 million tons of macrozoobenthos, 25 million tons of macrophytobenthos, 165 million tons of macrozooplankton and about 100 million tons of planktonic algae in the warm season. Some of these estimations need a more accurate definition due to the progress of sampling methods and techniques. Benthos quantity estimations can be increased due to the underestimation of bivalve mollusk abundance. Meanwhile, benthic surveys in large parts of the far-eastern shelf conducted at about 20-year intervals have confirmed the relative stability of benthos quantitative characteristics. Fish biomass in the shelf zone could reach 12.5 million tons with a predominance of common pelagic species. Many commercial fish species use the shelf zone as spawning and nursery areas which emphasizes the shelf’s significance in the fish productivity. Resources of micro- and meiobenthos, bacterio- and microzooplankton, and large gelatinous macrozooplankton still remain an enigmatic value. Some important processes and phenomena were recently revealed which can affect shelf biotopes, communities, and ecosystems functioning on long-term time scales. Silt accumulation seems to be a fluctuating process, changing with water circulation intensity under the climate change. Sedimentation rates can vary and are sometimes higher than estimated by sediment core studies. Regular acoustic surveys of bottom type and characteristics are promising in the study of these processes. Changes in biological diversity and composition of the shelf communities often reflect the current processes of sea floor landscape deformation. Kelp bushes and sea grass bed replacement by coralline algae, so-called “isoyakes”, occur even in areas where human impact is not heavy. The question remains whether these processes are reversible in the long-term. The shelf zone is first, and to the greatest degree, involved with the anthropogenic activity at sea. Artificial reef installations are widely applied around the world. This activity creates the necessity to accelerate studies of man-made material biodegradation and biofouling. The territory of the shelf around Russia exceeds 6.2 millions square kilometers, of which 4 million square kilometers are promising for oil and gas development. The initial extracted resources of hydrocarbon raw materials from the shelf are evaluated at 136 billion tons of standard fuel (25% of world-wide resources of hydrocarbons). The Ministry of Natural Resources of Russia plans to increase the federal budget expenditure for regional works in shelf exploration from 700 million rubles in 2005 to 2,8 billion rubles by 2020. Dissolved oxygen deficiency, pollution due to toxic organic chemicals and heavy metals can be expected, if shelf resources are to be explored in a reckless way. iii PICES XIV Abstracts Science Board Symposium Mechanisms of climate and human impacts on S1 ecosystems in marginal seas and shelf regions Co-Convenors: Kuh Kim (SB), Michael J. Dagg (BIO), Yukimasa Ishida (FIS), John E. Stein (MEQ), Michael G. Foreman (POC), Igor I. Shevchenko (TCODE), Jeffrey M. Napp (MONITOR), and Harold P. Batchelder and Suam Kim (CCCC) There are many examples of statistical correlations that demonstrate relations between climate or human impacts and ecosystems. While retrospection may be informative in revealing patterns, it rarely leads to mechanistic understanding required for eventual prediction. This session, instead, will focus on physical and biological mechanisms in the marginal seas and shelf regions. Many coastal species have life histories/cycles that rely on specific geographic features and they may be particularly vulnerable to the effects of human activities and climate variability. In order to predict the impacts of climate and human activities, we need to understand the mechanisms responsible for shifts in ecosystem structure and function. We will consider “wind to whales” in this session. This theme will provide opportunities to address questions such as: How widespread is bottom-up control of fluxes? At what spatial and temporal scales are: 1) trophodynamic demands and food supply in balance?, 2) signals amplified in food webs?, and 3) physical processes most important in impacting marine populations? The human impacts that could be considered include fishing and fisheries enhancement, changes in biodiversity, petroleum development, eutrophication, mariculture, non-point source pollution, and others. Monday, October 3, 2005 11:30-18:00 11:30-11:40 Introduction by Convenors 11:40-12:10 Franz J. Mueter, Jennifer Boldt, Bernard A. Megrey and Randall Peterman (Invited) Spatial and temporal scales of variability in the productivity of Northeast Pacific fish stocks (S1-2479) 12:10-12:40 Tetsuo Yanagi and Mitsuru Hayashi (Invited) Numerical model on the changing dominant species of red tide in Osaka Bay from 1990 to 2000 (S1-2264) 12:40-14:00 Lunch 14:00-14:30 Sok Kuh Kang, Joseph Y. Cherniawsky, Michael G.G. Foreman, Sinjae Yoo, Hong Sik Min, Cheol-Ho Kim and Hyoun-Woo Kang (Invited)
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