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A NewsletterTraveller of the Conference Spring, 2007 “: An Interdisciplinary Symposium” A Review of the Auburn University Event ar from the thickets, streams and swamps of William Bartram’s explo- Frations, investigators shine the spotlight of research on John and William Bartram and their work . Seven of these scholars stepped out of their studies and laborato- ries to lay out their findings in “William Bartram: An Interdisciplinary Sympo- sium” on October 27, 2006 . Academics, master gardeners, and other followers of Bartram greeted them in a bright, spacious area in the Ralph B . Draughon Library at Auburn Univer- sity in Alabama . Bartram’s art and manu- scripts, displayed around the edges of the room, lent a backdrop to the gathering . Speakers at the William Bartram Symposium at Auburn University were, left to right; Tom Hallock, Joel Fry, Curator of Bartram’s Garden Kathryn Braund, Josh Bellin , Stephanie Volmer, Nancy Hoffmann, Joel Fry, William Cahill. in Philadelphia found in Bartram’s botan- ical correspondence letters to the French Comparing Bartram’s drafts of Travels tor, softened Bartram’s expressions of his ambassador, catalogs of seeds and plants, penned between 1777 and 1783 with the Quaker view of the world and turned and records of a shipment from the gar- published text of 1791, Nancy Hoffmann them into a general “Protestant, Episco- den to George Washington . “Bartram’s (University of ) discovered pal” expression of faith more in tune with literary skills, which we know so well that the earlier manuscripts contain more the prevailing religion of his target audi- from Travels, also served him well as he vivid descriptions than does Travels . Per- ence . sold his ‘curious plants,’” Fry observed . haps most striking is the shift in Bartram’s Scholars and politicians in Bartram’s When Bill Cahill of Rutgers Univer- religious terms . Someone, perhaps an edi- continued on page 3 sity looked into Bartram’s botanical cor- respondence with Henry Muehlenburg Contents William Bartram, Artist ...... 6. of Lancaster, Pennsylvania he concluded Clermont Huger Lee (1914–2006) . . . . . 7. “William Bartram: An Interdisciplinary that Bartram had his own way of looking Symposium” ...... 1. “My Exploration of the Bartram Trail” . . . . 7. at nature . “While encouraging his con- Why You Should Read Bartram’s “Report to Dr . Recent Writing on William Bartram ...... 7 temporaries’ efforts to follow Linnaeus in Fothergill” ...... 2. Bartram Book Named As A Finalist . . . . . 8. cataloging species,” Cahill noted, “Bar- President’s Notes ...... 3. 2007 Fothergill Award ...... 8. tram declined to take up the enterprise Upcoming Events ...... 3. Bartram Manuscripts Project ...... 8 himself; Bartram was more interested in Art, Appalachia, and William Bartram . . . . 4. Bartram Trail Conference Members: natural history and the relationships of Bartram and Indian Medicine ...... 5. Speed and Beth Rogers ...... 9. species .” The Bartram Trail ...... 5. Bartram Trail: Update . . . . 9.

1 Why You Should Read Bartram’s “Report to Dr . Fothergill” Stephanie Volmer count for the difference in my reading son why the “Report” might have a greater experience? sense of immediacy and vividness in some want to begin with a confession: I de- There are a few reasons why the “Re- places than Travels . The sense of an “I” rive more consistent reading pleasure port to Dr . Fothergill” might be, as its first speaking to a “You” emerges in the text, Ifrom Bartram’s “Report to Dr . Fothergill” editor, Francis Harper said, “fresher .” First, affecting the reader’s experience . Bartram than from his Travels . No doubt part of Bartram wrote it while he was still on his no doubt knew that Fothergill would my preference may be attributed to read- journey, and thus the events described oc- most likely share his “Report” with other erly idiosyncrasy, but it has prompted curred relatively close to the time of writ- naturalists, as was customary . Still, the me to consider what the “Report” offers ing . The historical information about its “Report” was written to a specific person readers as compared to Travels . I want to production is a bit uncertain . We know rather than for a large, abstract audience . share some of my thoughts with you, in that Bartram wrote the “Report” in two The voice of the “Report”—while rec- the hope that if you haven’t yet read the parts, and the best guess is that he sent ognizably Bartram’s—differs somewhat “Report,” I can persuade you to do so . part 1 to Fothergill in London in autumn from the voice in Travels, because Bar- I first became aware of my preference of 1774, probably from , and that tram’s decisions as a writer about tone and a few years ago, when I read the “Report” he sent part 2 to Fothergill in the spring narrative structure would have been influ- and Travels back-to-back . What I discov- of 1775 from Charleston . The movement enced by his understanding of Fothergill’s ered was that several striking scenes in the of the writing in the “Report” captures the expectations as a reader . “Report” seemed diminished and less en- sense of a traveler traveling in ways that When Fothergill agreed to spon- gaging in Travels . I was surprised . Since Travels—written over a longer period of sor Bartram’s trip, he wrote to Bartram Bartram was able to spend more time time when Bartram was settled back on with specific instructions for the journey: writing and crafting Travels, shouldn’t it the family farm in Kinsessing—could “Write to me as often as opportunity of- be uniformly more rich and rewarding not . fers… Letters to me in London, by the than the rough, less digested account of The fact that Bartram wrote the “Re- post or packet will be sufficient . …It will his trip written earlier? What could ac- port” to Fothergill suggests a second rea- be right to keep a little journal, marking the soil, situation, plants in general re- markable animals, where found, and the A Comparison of Travels and the Report to Fothergill several particulars relative to them as they Report to Dr. Fothergill cast up .” Fothergill also gave specific di- Thus having time before Night, I hasted on my Botanical excursions round about rections about what kind of comments the Camp: Observing when decending the Hills to cross the Crick, a very agree- should accompany Bartram’s botanical able fragrant smell like cloves defused about us in the air, the whole company and zoological specimens and drawings . being affected by it, I immediately concluded it must arise from some Vegitable, Fothergill’s instructions make clear that being bruised by the horses feet, I therefore designed to go in quest of it as soon one goal of the “Report”—like the goal as we came to camp; accordingly, I cross’t the Creek and began to assend the of natural history writing generally—was Hills, having attained a considerable hight, the Hills pretty steep, my feet sud- to convey a sense of place both through denly slid from under me; I catch’t hold of the sweet Calyconthus, that stretched writing about that place and through col- out a friendly bow to my relief, however in the scuffle to save myself I discovered lecting objects from that place . the lovely subject of my reserches, by the figure of the leaf & Root took it to be Bartram’s imperative to collect natural a Species of Cariophylata, but as I could find no flower or part of fructification objects points to a third characteristic of whereby to fix its tribe or family, I judged from the fragrance & clove like scent the “Report” that sets it apart from Trav- of the Root . (Library of America, p . 447) els . The “Report” was written in direct relation to botanical samples and other Travels continued on page 10 Before we left the waters of Broad River, having encamped in the evening on one of its considerable branches, and left my companions, to retire, as usual, on Stephanie Vollmer is the Managing Editor for botanical researches, on ascending a steep rocky hill, I accidentally discovered a Raritan Quarterly and a doctoral candidate in new species of caryophyllata (geum odoratissimum); on reaching to a shrub my foot the English Department at Rutgers Univer- slipped, and, in recovering myself, I tore up some of the plants, whose roots filled sity . She specializes in Eighteenth- and Nine- the air with animating scents of cloves and spicy perfumes . (Library of America, teenth- Century . She is interested in considering William’s writing pp . 59-60) in relation to that culture of transatlantic ex- change .

2 “William Bartram: an Interdisciplinary Symposium.” continued from page 1 President’s Notes world bandied many theories of the ori- Bartram Trail Conference to Lands Division have provided a model for gins the American Indians, observed Meet Near Mobile, Alabama wetlands conservation and some of the Kathryn Braund . James Adair, for ex- most dedicated conservationists around ample, proposed in the 1760s that the Kathryn H. Braund are hard at work preserving and making Indians descended from the “Ten Lost President, Bartram Trail Conference the delta available for modern travelers . Tribes of Israel,” while Bernard Romans Conference details, including speakers, thought they were indigenous . Kathryn’s et ready to float! Yes, fellow travelers, will be announced in the coming months . study of Bartram led her to conclude that our long anticipated jaunt to explore Meanwhile, mark your calendar: October Bartram avoided a dogmatic approach to theG Tensaw delta is just months away .This 26–28 . the question . He saw no signs of Europe- coming fall, the Bartram Trail Conference And speaking of dates, it is that time an architecture among the Indian nations will convene for our biennial meeting in of year again for all of us to pay our BTC that he visited . He did, however, hold that Baldwin County, Alabama . In addition dues: a mere $20 . Your dues support the Mississippian mounds were built by to the site of Robert Farmar’s planta- printing and distribution of the news- peoples other than the tribes of his day . tion, where Bartram stopped on his tour, letter, cover the costs of our website and Other speakers included Joshua Bellin, most Bartram readers will recall that the help us sponsor Bartram events . We also Tom Hallock, and Stephanie Volmer, area, now Stockton, Alabama, is the site welcome special donations to our Fother- whose articles in this newsletter show of one of Bartram’s most amazing botani- gill Award Fund in honor or memory of highlights of their presentations . More cal discoveries, the Oenothera Grandiflora, friends or family . The Fothergill supports complete results of the investigations of Bartram’s evening primrose, which he de- new Bartram research and I hope that you the symposium scholars will be found in scribed as “gilded with the richest golden all will consider making a contribution to the forthcoming volumes of the William ❖ yellow . . .perhaps the most pompous and that effort . Bartram’s Manuscripts, edited by Thomas brilliant herbaceous plant yet known to Hallock and Nancy E . Hoffmannn (see exist .” Like Bartram, we will meet with page 8) . the friendly local population, enjoy their Sponsors of the symposium were: hospitality and canoe in the Mobile-Ten- • The Auburn University Center for the saw delta on the appropriately named Arts and Humanities Bartram Canoe Trail, established by the • The Alabama Humanities Foundation Alabama Department of Conservation Upcoming • and Natural Resources The Auburn University Departments Among American river systems, the of History and English Events • Mobile-Tensaw delta is second only to April 18: Earth Day on the Alabama Bar- The Auburn University libraries; and ❖ the Mississippi delta in size and boasts tram Trail, Taska Recreation Area .Tuske- • The Bartram Trail Conference . over fifty rare or endangered plant and gee National Forest, off Interstate 85 be- animal species . Nearly half of the delta’s tween Auburn and Tuskegee, Alabama . 250,000 acres are publicly owned and managed, making this not only one of the May 14–August 20: “Bartram’s Journey: most diverse and beautiful landscapes in the 1775 Journey of William Bartram The Georgia the South, but one of the most accessible . to Western North Carolina .” Mountain To whet your appetite, visit http://www . Heritage Center, Western Carolina Uni- Bartram Trail bartramcanoetrail .com . versity, Cullowhee, North Carolina . John Ray In addition to outdoor exploration, we will also have a slate of speakers and plen- October 26–28: 2007 biennial meeting of ince November 2005 the Chattooga ty of great food and fellowship . Our main the Bartram Trail Conference, to be held River Trail has been hard to use be- meeting venue will be the 5 Rivers Delta in Baldwin County, Alabama, just east of causeS a new bridge is being built across Center, an incredible new facility for out- Mobile . (See the President’s Notes for the Chattooga on US Hwy . 76 . This door recreation and education, located at more information) closed the southern trailhead . The bridge Bartram’s Landing, the new terminus of is now finished, and the southern trail- the Bartram Canoe Trail . head is opened back up . The new bridge I have been overwhelmed by the en- across the Chattooga is veneered in stone The Traveller is the newsletter of thusiasm of our hosts, including the Bald- to look like a CCC bridge . the Bartram Trail Conference . win County Archives and the Alabama We are working on clearing the trail State Lands Division of the Department Jim Kautz, Editor for the increased use that will be coming of Conservation and Natural Resources . Brad Sanders, Publisher with the US 76 bridge completion and Baldwin County and the Alabama State continued on page 5

3 Working in California, she pursued her career in drawing for publications in anat- omy, physiology, and microbiology for Art, Appalachia, and which she repeatedly earned awards . But her works include far more than bones, cells, and bacteria . Her lively, imaginative pastels show clusters of birds, a cabin in William Bartram the woods, and scenes of life . City scenes, still-lifes, and cloudy images hen the organization Catch the Mountains of western North Carolina, from the world of dreams fill her galleries, Spirit of Appalachia was searching Doreyl grew up drawing birds in the dirt as well . forW a special person to honor in its “Eyes of the mountain roads around her home . After returning to North Carolina she on Appalachia” public art series, its Board She went on to receive her first art award co-founded Catch the Spirit of Appala- of Directors chose William Bartram as while in the third grade, an art scholar- chia, Inc ., a not-for-profit organization the subject and Doreyl Ammons Cain as ship from the University of South Caro- dedicated to honoring the heritage and the artist . lina, and a master’s in Biological/Medical creativity of all people . She and her sister, Born and raised in the Blue Ridge illustration . Amy Garza, author and storyteller, have facilitated creativity workshops and per- formed storytelling and spontaneous vi- sual art for children and adults in schools and colleges . Doreyl’s spontaneous art murals are found in museums and public places throughout the world . In 2005 she won a place in the Kennedy Promotions Best of North Carolina Artists & Arti- sans book series . When Doreyl took up the task of drawing Bartram, she researched his writ- ings and the Bartram literature . Inspira- tion led to a four-by-three scene in which the explorer is sketching a Flat Spired, Three Toothed, Land Snail . Set in a pa- per birch forest in the southern Appala- chians, the naturalist-artist is surrounded by Fireweed, Bluets, Common Blue Violet, Mountain Laurel, Sand Myrtle, Flame Azalea, Wood Lily, Devil’s Bit and Woodland Sunflower Readers may learn more about Doreyl Ammons Cain at her website, www .Pas- telArt SeatofYourPants. .org . Information on Catch the Spirit of Appalachia is avail- ❖ able at www .spiritofappalachia .org .

William Bartram, explorer, naturalist, and artist, continues to excite painters, photographers and other creators of graphics . In this edition and last fall’s, we have featured three such paintings . If a reader knows of art portraying Bartram or inspired by him, please send your information to the editor at jrkautz@earthlink .net or 204 Weath- erstone Parkway, Marietta, Georgia 30068 .

4 Bartram’s participation in the Euro- American fantasy of Indian medicine might lead us to doubt his reliability as a Bartram and source on southeastern Indian peoples .But I think a more productive way to read this aspect of his writings is to recognize that American identities necessarily emerged Indian Medicine from a mutual if contentious process of Joshua David Bellin lost in an inundation of artificial diseases, cultural transfer, where both Indians and La Roche College brought on by the modish practices of whites were re-created through means of civilization?” (276) . By consuming In- n his final book, The World We Used to the other . And in turn, such a recognition dian medicine, such men reasoned, Euro- Live In: Remembering the Powers of the requires that we perceive Indian peoples Americans would inherit the cultural IMedicine Men (2006), the Sioux activist not as many of Bartram’s time (and our health of those they displaced . Vine Deloria, Jr . protested the burgeoning own) do–as relics to be consumed and This quest for Indian medicine is evi- array of Euro-American peddlers, preach- discarded–but as peoples who played a dent in Bartram’s Travels (1791) . Most ers, and poets capitalizing on an ever more vital role in the history and literature of flagrantly, there is the example of the nat- ❖ lucrative commerce in Indian healing . the land . uralist as “PUC PUGGY, or the Flower “Nothing seems to stem the tide of abuse hunter” (163), adopted by the and misuse of Indian ceremonies,” Delo- Works Cited and given “unlimited permission to travel ria wrote .“The consumer society is indeed Barton, Benjamin Smith . Collections for over the country for the purpose of collect- consuming everything in its path” (xvii) . an Essay towards a Materia Medica of ing flowers, medicinal plants, &c .” (163) . The practice of non-Natives consuming the . Philadelphia: Way and In a parallel episode, Bartram writes of his Indian “medicine” has a lengthy history, Groff, 1798–1804 . having been welcomed by another native dating back to the founding of the first community: “the king in particular com- Bartram, William . Travels of William Bar- colonies in the Americas . It is to William plimented me, (saying that I was as one of tram . 1791 . Ed . Mark Van Doren . 1928; Bartram’s era, however, that we can trace his own children or people,) and should : Dover, 1955 . the origins of the modern packaging of be protected accordingly, while I remained Deloria, Vine, Jr .The World We Used to Live Indian medicine for non-Indian persons . with them; adding, ‘Our whole country is In: Remembering the Powers of the Medicine For such a movement to arise, it was before you, where you may range about at Men . Golden, CO: Fulcrum, 2006 . necessary for whites to imagine Indian pleasure, gather physic plants and flowers, medicine not simply as a cure for physical Rush, Benjamin . “Medicine among the and every other production’ . . .” (201) .Such ailments, but as a means of tapping into Indians of North America .” 1774 . The license pays off when Bartram stumbles the Indians’ cultural vitality . Thus when Selected Writings of Benjamin Rush . Ed . across a veritable Cherokee Eden: “a vast physicians such as Bartram’s correspon- Dagobert D . Runes . New York: Philo- expanse of green meadows and strawber- dent asked ea- sophical Library, 1947 . 254–92 . ry fields” (288) wherein “young, innocent gerly, “What treasures of medicine may Cherokee virgins” were “busy gathering not be expected from a people, who al- the rich fragrant fruit . . . .The sylvan scene The Georgia Bartram Trail, though destitute of the lights of science, of primitive innocence was enchanting, continued from page 3 have discovered the properties of some and perhaps too enticing for hearty young the spring hiking season . You can drive of the most inestimable medicines with men long to continue idle spectators . In to both ends of the trail so the Chattooga which we are acquainted?” (xv), his ma- fine,” Bartram concludes, “we accepted a River Trail makes a nice 11 mile day hike nia for Indian medicine originated in the basket, sat down and regaled ourselves on or overnight backpacking trip . If you primitivist notion, articulated by another the delicious fruit, encircled by the whole want to see more of the River you can Bartram colleague, Benjamin Rush, that assembly of the innocent jocose sylvan start in NC on the Bad Creek Trail in the the Indians were free of the diseases that nymphs” (289–90) . In each of these epi- Ellicott Rock Wilderness area and hike plagued white communities: “may we not sodes, Bartram’s consumption of Indian to Hwy . US 76 for 40 miles . Part of this look for a season when fevers, the natu- medicine serves the purpose of naturaliz- hike would be on the old Bartram Trail ral diseases of the human body, will be ing him, in the various senses of the word in SC while 9 .3 mi . would be on the GA “naturalize”: “to bring into conformity Bartram Trail . If you plan your trip prop- Joshua Bellin teaches American and Native with nature,” “to adapt or accustom to a erly you can camp along the river every American literature, pre-1900 . He first en- place,” and “to confer upon an alien the night . countered Bartram in graduate school, in the rights and privileges of a citizen .” These You will see some amazing views of mid-90s .“I guess what fascinated me about real or fanciful encounters, that is, pro- river . If you are lucky you might see a deer him,” he says, “was his attempt to listen to the cross the river . I have seen two crossing Indians’ voices instead of merely talking to vide Bartram not only with the Indians’ himself, as was characteristic of most Euro- approval but with a rejuvenated, “Indian” recently and it is a wonderful sight . self identified with the spirit, or spirits, of For information about the trails see: Americans who wrote about Indians during ❖ his time .” the land . www .geocities com/j3hnr3y.

5 William Bartram, Artist

Thomas Hallock drew . Over thirty early “watercolors” sur- The following article springs from the presenta- vive in the collections of the Earl of Der- tion that Tom Hallock gave at the Bartram Sym- by at Knowsley Hall .The posium at Auburn University, October 27, 2006. (Natural History) holds the drawings re- printed by Ewan as well as some more hile co-editing William Bartram’s recent discoveries . The American Philo- Manuscripts (see page 8), two sophical Society in Philadelphia has many thingsW struck me . The first thing was the later illustrations (mostly done for Ben- extent of horticultural work that Bartram jamin Smith Barton’s Elements of ) did . Our image of Billy Bartram as “slack- and a few true gems . But the collections er” or “hippy” or pie-in-the-sky idealist are scattered and many works were sent to really has kept us from recognizing his parts far and wide in Bartram’s own day . contributions to the family business . The Lost drawings were (or may have been) archive contains ample record of his hard sent to and J . F . Gronovius work as a horticulturalist—plant lists, in the 1750s; to the Dutchess of Portland orders sent to customers, catalogues, and and Collinson in the 1760s; to Thomas much more . Many of these records say Pennant in the 1790s — the list goes on . little to the untrained eye, but continued Who knows what else may be out there? scholarship by Joel Fry and others surely Last October’s symposium on William will help us appreciate this overlooked as- Bartram, graciously hosted by Kathryn pect of William’s life . Holland Braund and her friends at Au- The second area, more to my immedi- burn University, gave us an opportunity ate interests, is the art . Anyone who reads to discuss the achievements of a scientific Ixia from Travels – from docsouth digital edition this newsletter probably knows about Jo- artist . I had the good fortune to talk more of Bartram seph Ewan’s fine (but, sadly, out of print) formally about the evolution of Bartram’s edition William Bartram’s Drawings . And aesthetic . My question has always been, America . The context of a colonial natu- most any volume about Bartram offers “why do people today seek out the plants ralist helps explain the intensity of his fol- at least of smattering of illustrations . Yet and places that he described two hundred lowing today . Bartram nuts like me pick with the exception of a fine essay years ago?” For inspiration, I turned to up on the distinguishing characters of a by Charlotte Porter some familiar pen-and-inks—the fre- given specimen; because he was to “popu- (“The Drawings of quently reprinted “Coloca- late,” or locate himself, in the drawings William Bartram, sia” and “Alachua Savanna,” done for an audience elsewhere, we still Naturalist…,” Ar- as well as the drawings and feel the connection—not just to the plant chives of Natural His- descriptions of Bartram’s Ixia or person, but to the artist himself . tory 16:3, pp . 289–303) (Calydorea caelestina) . That’s my quick attempt to explain and research by the art his- At the risk of going lit- Bartram’s ongoing appeal . And as both an torians Amy Meyers and crit here, let me trot out the academic and card-carrying members of Michael Gaudio, little explantation that I offered at the fan club, it’s my best attempt to ex- has been said about Auburn . Bartram’s art plain the “Billy and Me” response from Bartram as an artist . reaches us today be- both the head and the gut . A longer ver- The problem may cause his illustrations sion of this talk (with scholarly obfusca- be the archive itself . were originally meant to tion held to a minimum!) appears in a Few people realize how travel great distances . He cut forthcoming collection of essays, A Keener much William Bartram his teeth working for patrons Perception: Ecocritical Studies in American who were on the other side Art History, edited by Alan Braddock and Hydrangea quercifolia, from of the Atlantic . This prob- Christoph Irmscher, and forthcoming Travels of William Bartram lem of dislocation (for lack of a from the University of Alabama Press . better term) set up a drama, or tension, But a quick promo . Can we keep the that defined his later and more compel- interest in Bartram’s art alive? Maybe the Thomas Hallock, a long-time member of the ling works . By training, Bartram came to time is right for a retrospective? If so, that Bartram Trail Conference and past editor vividly render what was new to science seems like a worthwhile effort for mem- of The Traveller, teaches at the University of ❖ South Florida St . Petersburg . tbhallock@ya- in Europe, yet he also conveyed what it bers of the BTC! hoo .com felt like to experience that specimen in

6 Recent Writing on Clermont Huger Lee William Bartram Books (1914–2006) *Cashin, Edward J . William Bartram and the American Revolution on the Southern Elliott Edwards In addition to her work on the gar- Frontier . Columbia, : Uni- dens of the Owens-Thomas House on versity of South Carolina Press, 2000 . he Bartram Trail Conference lost one Oglethorpe Square in Savannah, Cler- of its oldest and most stalwart leaders mont Lee’s new design and planting plans Cox, John D . Traveling South : Travel onT June 14, 2006 .Clermont Huger Lee, II, for historic buildings in the city included Narratives And The Construction Of Amer- 92, of Savannah died at the Fraser Health the Juliette Gordon Low Birthplace, the ican Identity Athens, Georgia: University Center on Hilton Head . One of the ear- Andrew Low House, and the Green- of Georgia Press, 2005 . liest women active in landscape architec- Meldrim mansion . Outside the confines Francis Harper, Editor . The Travels of Wil- ture in Georgia, where she was known as of Savannah, she consulted on the Chief liam Bartram: Naturalist’s Edition . Ath- the foremost expert in recreating historic Vann residence and the ens, Georgia: University of Georgia Press, landscapes in mid-twentieth-century Sa- Cherokee capital in north Georgia for the 1998 . vannah, Clermont Lee was the first field Georgia Historical Commission . director of the Bartram Trail Society in She was a member of American So- *Hoffmann, Nancy E .; Van Horne, John south Georgia, and held membership in ciety of Landscape Architects and a C ., Editors . America’s Curious Botanist: A the Bartram Trail Conference . board member of the Southeast Chapter Tercentennial Reappraisal of John Bartam, In the early 1950s, Lee began her long of the ASLA and the original Georgia 1699-1777 . Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: and continuing involvement in historic State Landscape Architecture Examin- American Philosophical Society, 2004 . landscapes when Mills B . Lane, Jr ., presi- ing Board . In addition, she served on the *Kautz, James . Footprints Across The South: dent of the Citizens and Southern Bank, boards of Historic Savannah Foundation, Bartram’s Trail Revisited . Kennesaw, hired her to renovate five historic Savan- Inc ., the Savannah Public Library, Savan- Georgia: Kennesaw State University nah squares and to make improvements of nah Science Museum, The Georgia Con- Press, 2006 . many historic district residential proper- servancy, and the Savannah Academy of Ray, Deborah Kogan . Flower Hunter: ties owned by the Lane family in down- Lifelong Learning, the Bluffton Histori- William Bartram, America’s First Natural- town Savannah . Her work was meticu- cal Preservation Society, Inc ., the Georgia ist . New York, New York: Farrar, Straus lously researched, with a particular focus Historical Society, the Pendleton, South and Giroux, 2004 . on formal English and American gardens Carolina Historic Foundation, Inc, the of the antebellum period . continued on page 8 Sammons, Sandra Wallus . John And Wil- liam Bartram: Travelers In Early America. Flagler Beach, Florida: Ocean Publishing, February 2004 . *Sanders, Brad . Guide to William Bartram’s Travel. Athens, Georgia: Fevertree Press, “My Exploration of 2002 . Slaughter, Thomas P . The Natures Of John the Bartram Trail” And William Bartram . Philadelphia : Uni- versity of Pennsylvania Press, 2006 . Members Are Invited to Submit Stories Slaughter, Thomas P . Editor . Bartram: • Travels and Other Writings .The Library of any of our readers regularly search Who was on the journey? • America . New York: Literary Classics of out and explore sites that Bartram What did you see? • the United States, Inc ., 1996 . describedM . They find mats of glorious What did you learn? flowers; they also find housing develop- A team of Bartram Trail Conference *Spornick, Charles D ., *Alan R . Cattier ments and even cities . members will select articles for printing and *Robert J . Greene. An Outdoor Guide In future editions of The Traveller we in The Traveller. to Bartram’s Travels . Athens, Georgia: want to feature articles, written by mem- Send your articles to The Traveller edi- University of Georgia Press, 2003 . bers of the Bartram Trail Conference, on tor Jim Kautz by email at jrkautz@earth- *Waselkov, Gregory A, and Kathryn E . their “discoveries” along the trail . We in- link .net Holland Braund . William Bartram on the vite you to send us an article, about 700 or, to 204 Weatherstone Pkwy . Mari- Southeastern Indians . Lincoln, Nebraska: words long, on a site that you visited . etta, Georgia . Deadline for submissions to • ❖ University of Nebraska Press, 1995 How did you find it? the Fall edition is July 31 . continued on page 8

7 Bartram 2007 Fothergill Award oel T . Fry, the Curator of Bartram’s America’s Curious Botanist: A Tercentennial Garden, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Reappraisal of 1699–1777 . Book Named Jis the recipient of the 2007 Fothergill Philadelphia: The American Philosophi- Award . The Fothergill Award, named cal Society, 2004, p . 155–183 . As a Finalist after Bartram’s patron John Fothergill, Joel’s project is the development of a he Kennesaw State University Press has been awarded annually since 2001 to botanical index for the two volume collec- has announced that its recent pub- qualified scholars working on some aspect tion of William Bartram’s manuscripts be- lication,T Footprints Across the South: Bar- of Bartram’s eighteenth-century world . ing collected and edited by Tom Hallock tram’s Trail Revisited, has been named The award this year is for $1000 . and Nancy Hoffmann . Their work will be a finalist for the 2007 Book of the Year Fry is the acknowledged expert on published by the University of Georgia Awards by ForeWord magazine . Bartram family botany and is the au- Press . Joel is responsible for identifying In Footprints Across the South: Bartram’s thor of “An International Catalogue of and cross referencing all plant names that Trail Revisited, author James Kautz trav- North American Trees and Shrubs: The appear in the work (those used by Bar- els the path of William Bartram . Using Bartram Broadside, 1783,” The Journal tram, scientific name, common names, observations, research, and stories, Kautz of Garden History, vol . 16, no . 1 (1996), etc .) in order to assist readers and schol- compares the conditions at the time of the p . 3–66 (available through the Bartram’s ars . The BTC believes that this will be a nation’s founding with the social and nat- Garden gift shop) and “John Bartram and significant contribution to Bartram stud- ural environment of today .In the course of His Garden: Would John Bartram Rec- ies and eagerly awaits the publication of ognize His Garden Today?” in Nancy E . William Bartram’s Manuscripts, complete five years, he traveled across seven states, ❖ tramped trails, paddled and motored riv- Hoffmann and John C . Van Horne, eds . with a comprehensive botanical index . ers and streams, and interviewed dozens of residents, scientists, and community leaders in revisiting Bartram’s Trail . More than 1,400 books were entered in 59 categories from prestigious inde- Bartram Manuscripts Project Thomas Hallock and Nancy E. Hoffmann pendent presses like those at MIT, the by leading scholars in the field: Nancy E . co-editors, William Bartram’s Manuscripts University of Georgia, Oxford University, Hoffmann on the draft of Travels; Joel and Cambridge University, among others . rogress continues on William Bartram’s T . Fry on the “Commonplace Book” and Winners will be announced at this sum- Manuscripts, two volumes forthcom- other botanic matters; Laurel Ode Sch- mer’s BookExpo America Convention in Ping with the University of Georgia Press . neider on the philosophical essays; Kerry . Co-editors Thomas Hallock and Nancy Walters on Bartram’s anti-slavery tract; Since its inception in 2004, The KSU E . Hoffmann are delighted to recognize Bill Cahill on Bartram’s correspondence Press has published nearly twenty books the support of McLean Contributionship with Henry Muhlenberg; Michael Gaud- and journals . Copies of Footprints Across of the Library Company of Philadelphia, io on the later illustrations; and Elizabeth the South: Bartram’s Trail Revisited can be the John Bartram Association, and the Fairhead on the “Diary .” Both volumes purchased online at www .kennesaw .edu/ Fothergill Award of the BTC . will be richly illustrated . ❖ ksupress . Volume One, “A Life in Letters,” offers Accessible and authoritative, these vol- a healthy selection of the correspondence umes will belong on the bookshelf of any to, from, and principally about William Bartram fan . The University of Georgia Press will Bartram . Volume Two, “A Life in Nature,” ❖ offers primary sources with introductions publish the volumes .

Recent Writing on William Bartram, continued from page 7 Clermont Huger Lee, continued from page 7 Articles Georgia Botanical Society, and the Sa- Bayers, Peter L ., “Evolution and the Poli- vannah chapter of the League of Women tics of the Early United States in William Voters . Bartram’s Travels (1791),” English Lan- Clermont Lee not only paved the way guage Notes, 2003 Mar; 40 (3): 38-49 . for women to enter landscape architecture, *Hall, John C . “William Bartram: First but her landscape work also has a last- Scientist of Alabama,” Alabama Heritage ing impact on the quality of Savannah’s 2004 (72): 24-33 . historically protected landscape environ- continued on page 10 ment .

8 Bartram Trail Conference North Carolina Bartram Trail: Members Update Bartram and what is the Bartram Trail?” ork continues on the North Caro- Speed and Beth Rogers he asked . His answer came when he re- lina Bartram Trail . peed Rogers, MD has lived with Wil- turned home and read what was to be- WIna Warren reports that the North liam Bartram almost as long as he can come the first of thousands of pages about Carolina Bartram Trail Society hosted rememberS . And he and his wife Beth have the explorer and his world . four college work groups in the fall: maintained an active membership in the An avid whitewater kayaker, Chuck • Bartram Trail Conference from its early paddles the roaring streams in the South- the Outdoor Club from Piedmont days . east, including the Chattooga along the College (Demorest, GA) did a one- “I grew up in Gainesville, Florida (on Georgia-South Carolina border, the Lo- day workhike and a week-long alter- the edge of Payne’s Prairie),” says Speed . cust Fork in Alabama, and the Nantahala native fall break with a about a dozen “I read the Travels with great interest as in North Carolina . Along the way, he students from Warren Wilson College an adolescent—and since .” enjoys outdoor photography . His passion (Swannanoa, NC); His father’s experience furthered for Bartram and the outdoors led to his • a full work day with fifty students from Speed’s absorption with Bartram . As collaboration with Bob Greene and Al- the Inter-Fraternity Council at West- chair of the biology department at the lan Cattier to write An Outdoor Guide to ern Carolina University (Cullowhee, , the elder Rogers Bartram’s Travels (University of Georgia NC) and; had assisted Francis Harper in his Florida Press, 2003) . • a day with the Wilderness Education research of the landmark Naturalists Edi- Born in East Chicago, Indiana (south Immersion class from Brevard College tion of Travels . side of Chicago), Charles Spornick earned (Brevard, NC) . Speed was born in Ann Arbor, Michi- a B .A . from Indiana University, a Ph D. . gan; his wife Beth in Detroit . Both hold from the University of Notre Dame in These groups upgraded a tenuous sec- Bachelor of Arts degrees from the Uni- History, and a MLS from Indiana Uni- tion along a rocky slope near Tessentee versity of Michigan . Speed earned his versity . Creek and cleared an area overtaken with Doctor of Medicine from that univer- Chuck is a librarian by profession . As privet to install a Monarch Waystation . sity’s medical school . In 1986 Speed re- Director for Collection Management for They also separated milkweed seeds from tired from the Ford Hospital in Detroit Emory University’s Robert W . Woodruff a bushel basket of milkweed pods for an and took up residence in Brevard, North Library, he heads the unit that is respon- education team project . Carolina . sible for building the library collection for Ina says, “Anyone who feels that the Besides their memberships in the Bar- Emory’s main library . youth of today are headed off in a hand tram Trail Conference and the North When he thinks of Bartram, he recalls basket are encouraged to read the six page Carolina Bartram Trail Society, Speed is the naturalist’s letter (1796) to his dear report of the college groups, complete an environmental activist and Beth works friend Lachlan McIntosh in which Bar- with color photos at the NCBTS website in community services . tram writes that he had considered an- at www .ncbartramtrail .org .” Three facets of Bartram’s legacy appeal other trip to the southeast but that, given More workhikes with college student to Speed and Beth: the explorer’s love of his age (56), he had decided against it . He groups are lined up for the spring . Any- nature and philosophy, his significance as told McIntosh: “I however still enjoy the one wishing to have their group involved a source of historical and ethnological in- various scenes and occurrences of my long a special workhike should contact BTS formation, and his importance to Ameri- pilgrimage through your southern Ter- President Tim Warren at btworkhikes@ can science . ritories and the traveling over hotmail .com or through the website at They have attended “almost all, if not again in Idea .” Chuck says, “I… [also] info@ncbartramtrail .org all” of the biennial meetings of the Con- often continue to enjoy the ‘scenes and The society received a $4,000 Adopt-A- ference, ranging from Fontana Lake in occurrences’ of hiking in the mountains, Trail Grant from the NC Trails System to North Carolina to Mobile, Alabama and canoeing spring runs in Florida, walking install boardwalks across wet seepages on Gainesville, Florida . through downtown Charleston ‘traveling the BT . This project involves placing over over again in Idea .’” a dozen walkways, 16’ and 20’ in length, Charles Spornick is Treasurer for the some with handrails, on three different Chuck Spornick Bartram Trail Conference . He has at- sections of the trail . huck Spornick stood beside Bob tended every biennial meetings of the Other NCBTS activities included a Greene at Warwoman Dell in the BTC since the Gainesville gathering in showing of “An Inconvenient Truth” at ❖ the Cashiers Community Library on Sat- Cforest near Clayton, Georgia and read the October of 2001 . ❖ Bartram Trail marker .“Who was William urday, February 24 .

9

Hull, GA 30646 GA Hull,

138 N Chaparral Dt Chaparral N 138

c/o Anne Hurst Anne c/o The Traveller The

Why You Should Read Bartram’s “Report to Recent Writing on William Bartram, con- dence,” The New Centennial Review, 2002, Dr. Fothergill,” continued from page 2 tinued from page 7 Spring; 2 (1): 213-58 . natural objects that Bartram collected and *Hallock, Thomas, “Narrative, Nature, and Nichols, Ashton . “Roaring Alligators prepared for Fothergill . Fothergill could Cultural Contact in John Bartram’s Ob- And Burning Tygers: Poetry And Science examine these samples and objects while servations,” in Hoffmann, Nancy E . (ed .); From William Bartram To Charles Dar- reading the “Report .” Thus the “Report” Van Horne, John C . (ed .); America’s Cu- win,” Proceedings of the American Philo- was part of a dynamic between text and rious Botanist: A Tercentennial Reappraisal sophical Society, 2007 . object that was crucial to natural investi- of John Bartram, 1699-1777 . Philadelphia, gations—a dynamic that was less evident PA: American Philosophical Society, Oeland, Glen . “A Naturalist’s Vision of in the published Travels, which was writ- 2004, 107-25 . Frontier America: William Bartram .” ten for a mass audience and which did not National Geographic, March, 2001, pp . *Hallock, Thomas, “‘On the Borders of accompany actual objects . 104-125 . a New World’: Ecology, Frontier Plots, The “Report” was written for its own and Imperial Elegy in William Bartram’s Peacock, James, “Who Was John Bar- purpose, but to some degree it has be- Travels,” South Atlantic Review, 2001 tram? Literary and Epistolary Represen- come simply background to the published Fall; 66 (4): 109-33 . tations of the Quaker,” Symbiosis: A Jour- Travels . By comparing the “Report” with nal of Anglo-American Literary Relations Travels, we learn of Bartram’s strength as Iannini, Christopher, “The Vertigo of Cir- 2005, April, 9 (1): 29-43 . a writer: he was adept at adapting various cum-Caribbean Empire: William Bar- textual forms for his own expressive goals . tram’s Florida,” Mississippi Quarterly: The Sivils, Matthew Wynn, “William Bar- In the “Report,” in Travels, on specimen Journal of Southern Cultures, 2003-2004 tram’s Travels and the Rhetoric of Eco- sheets and drawings, Bartram searched Winter; 57 (1): 147-55 . logical Communities,” Isle: Interdisciplin- for ways to render the experience of being ary Studies in Literature and Environment, Mishra, Pramod K ., “‘[A]ll the World in the natural world . Only by considering 2004 Winter, 11 (1): 57-70 . Was America’: The Transatlantic (Post) the range of his writings can we fully ap- Coloniality of John Locke, William Bar- preciate his great achievements as a writer * Member of The Bartram Trail Conference tram, and the Declaration of Indepen- and as a sensitive observer of nature .

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