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Impact of Visits of Mahatma Gandhi on Nationalist Movement in Princely Mysore Dr.Puttaraju

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Impact of Visits of Mahatma Gandhi on Nationalist Movement in Princely Mysore Dr.Puttaraju International Journal of Academic Research ISSN: 2348-7666 Vol.2, Issue-2(2), April-June, 2015 Impact of visits of Mahatma Gandhi on Nationalist Movement in Princely Mysore Dr.Puttaraju. K. Lecturer in History, P. G. Dept. of History, Sir M. V. P.G. Center, University of Mysore, Toobinakere, Mandya District, Karnataka “Like Swaraj, Khadi is our birth- following an operation for right, and it is our life-long duty to appendicitis. The Hindu-Muslim use that only. Anyone who does cooperation for which he had not fulfill that duty is totally striven so zealously had nearly ignorant of what Swaraj is." vanished. With the abolition of (Mahatma Gandhi -Navajivan, 5-3- Khilafat in Turkey, no 1922; 23:11) encouragement was left for The 39th Indian National Congress preponderance of the Indian Session was held in Belgaum. It Muslims to collaborate & work was a historic place since the dawn together with the Hindus. The of history. The Congress ideals Muslim League eclipsed during were first propagated by A. O the Khilafat agitation found a Hume here. He visited Belgaum to breathing space once again. Thus propagate Congress ideals in 1893. with the passage of time the It was a home for both the factions incongruity between the Hindus of the Congress Bal Gangadhara and the Muslims began to appear Tilak visited it in 1906.This place and communal riots occurred at was a scene of Mahatma Gandhi’s regular intervals. To compensate historic visit in 1924. for the sins of his erring countrymen, Gandhiji undertook a Historical background: fast of 21 days from September 18 On February 5th 1924, Mahatma to October 8. This was his Gandhiji was released from prison desperate effort to solve the International Journal of Academic Research ISSN: 2348-7666 Vol.2, Issue-2(2), April-June, 2015 communal tangle. The Council came to be called ‘Vijaya Nagara’, entry programme of the Swarajists after the mighty empire of Hampi was not welcomed by Gandhiji. and the entrance gate, with an But the circumstances as they impressive height of 70 feet was were, it was impossible for designed as a ‘gopura’ from the anybody to bring back the masses same place. The huts for visitors to an active non-cooperation and and the delegates were built with therefore as sort of compromise Khadi and had bamboo roofs. was reached. The Congressmen Mahatma Gandhi was taken in a were given freedom to decide for procession to the Congress camp. themselves either to work for the All efforts were made to represent Council entry or to carry on the the culture and history of constructive work outside the Karnataka at the session. For the Council. It was in this background supply of water round the clock, a that Gandhiji presided over the tank, named Pampa Sarovara was Belgaum session in December constructed94. To feed the 1924 with the objective of participants, a huge kitchen was restoring unity between set up and thousands of lanterns Congressmen who were for and petromax lights were brought Council entry and those against it from Bombay for lighting purpose. and between Hindus and Muslims. Volunteers of Hindustan Seva Dal, Removal of untouchability and trained by N.S.Hardikar were spread of Chakra and Khadi were looking after the arrangements the other objectives93. and attending the comforts of the visitors. Historic session of 1924 When Mahatma Gandhi95 along The Belgaum Congress with the Ali brothers, Sarojini session was a momentous event and the enthusiasm of the people Naidu, Jawaharlal Nehru, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel and a host of of Karnataka, as it was the only leaders arrived at Belgaum, they Congress session in which were welcomed by a mammoth Mahatma Gandhi presided. The venue where the session was held crowd led by Gangadharrao Deshpande, the Chairman of the was named Vijayanagara and the Reception Committee. The Session entrance gate was designed like began with ‘Vande Mataram’ sung the Gopura of the Virupaksha by Paluskar. This was followed by temple at Hampi. A flag railway two songs in Kannada by a choir. station was constructed near the Great stalwarts of music like site of the Congress Session, which Veene Seshanna gave their recital International Journal of Academic Research ISSN: 2348-7666 Vol.2, Issue-2(2), April-June, 2015 and Huyilagola Narayana Rao spread of Khadi and village sung the Kannada anthem industries was taken up all over ‘Udayavagali namma cheluva Karnataka100.There was a sporadic Kannadanadu‘ at the session96. khadi movement in Princely Mysore as well101.The enthusiastic Presidential Address: people undertook setting up of In his presidential address khadi102.The organizations for Mahatma Gandhi addressed Harijan welfare were set up in several national issues such as many places of the state. banning of foreign goods, encouraging spinning and 1. The lower rungs of society were included in the programs weaving of Khadi, working and there was a wide towards eradication of participation in the Congress untouchability and other issues. "I am convinced that Swaraj lead Movements. cannot come so long as the tens 2. Between 1922 and 1925 of millions of our brothers and national leaders like sisters do not take to the C.Rajagopalachari, C.R.Das, charkha, do not spin, do not Lala Lajpat Rai, S.Srinivasa make khadi and wear it.97A Iyengar, Pattabhi number of session were also held Seetharamiah, Jamnadas at Belgaum on the occasion like Mehta, Konda Venkatappiah the and others toured all over Karnataka and kept the 1. All-India Khilafat Conference, national spirit alive103. 2. All-India Hindu Mahasabha Conference, 3. The flame of freedom struggle was also kept alive by a host of 3. All-India Non-Brahmin Congressmen of Karnataka like Conference, N.S.Hardikar, Srinivas Rao 4. All-India Social Conference Kaujalgi, Gangadharrao Deshpande, Kadapa 5. The first Karnataka Raghavendra Rao, 98 Unification Conference , R.R.Diwakar, Krishna Rao Karnataka people reacted Mudvedkar and others. positively & confidently to the call 4. The authorities in Princely given by Mahatma Gandhi& state of Mysore understood the oriented towards for constructive value of spinning and weaving several social & community Khadi in the scheme of rural 99 oriented programmes . The development and often International Journal of Academic Research ISSN: 2348-7666 Vol.2, Issue-2(2), April-June, 2015 cooperated with the Congress projected by the peasantry & workers in the extension of promoted by the Indian National Khadi industries and other Congress leaders. The High village industries sponsored by inclusion of peasantry in this the Congress104.The Diwan of movement was a affirmative Mysore, Albion Banerjee not indication of the awareness among only permitted the Department peasantry. of Industries to send exhibits References to the Congress exhibition at Belgaum in 1924, but also gave 1. Bhagavan, Manu (2008), a donation for the expenses. It "Princely States and the Hindu lead to the Setting up of All Imaginary: Exploring the India Spinners Association Cartography of Hindu (AISA) / Akhil Bharat Charkha Nationalism in Colonial India", Sangh in 1935105. “ Every The Journal of Asian Studies village shall plant and harvest 67 (3): 881–915, its own raw-materials for yarn, 2. Brown, Judith M. Gandhi's every woman and man shall Rise to Power: Indian Politics engage in spinning and every 1915–1922 (Cambridge South village shall weave whatever is Asian Studies) (1974 needed for its own use “ was the message Gandhi 3. Brown, Judith M., 'Gandhi and propagated & this was taken Civil Resistance in India, 1917– seriously by people. 47', Civil Resistance and Power Politics: The Experience of Conclusion: Non-violent Action from Thus the visit of Mahatma Gandhi Gandhi to the Present. Oxford & his presiding of Congress & New York: Oxford session of 1924 can be heralded as University Press, 2009 a great step in promotion of the 4. Iyengar A ,S. , Role of Press peasant consciousness. Even and Indian Freedom Struggle : though there were some loopholes All through the Gandhian Era in the post Congress Session APH, 2001, programs there was a widening of the spirit among peasants of this 5. Gayathri J. V.- Vernacular region who started participating in Newspapers and Periodicals:- Congress lead Movements. The Their Influence on Modernity, Salt Satyagraha held in Ankola Reforms and Trends in Siddapura & Mangalore were Nineteenth-Century Mysore. 17th European Conference on International Journal of Academic Research ISSN: 2348-7666 Vol.2, Issue-2(2), April-June, 2015 Modern South Asian Studies freedom fighters of Karnataka Heidelberg, September 9 - 14, 1985 Published by Karnataka 2002 PP1-2 University prasaranga 6. Kamath, Suryanath U. (2001) - dharwad A Concise History of 9. Shivarudrappa & Dr. Karnataka : from pre-historic Puttaraju -Press And Public times to the present. Opinion : The Role Of Kannada Bangalore: Jupiter books News Papers In Northern 7. Manor, James (1975), "Princely Karnataka Region Mysore before the Storm: The International Journal of State-Level Political System of Humanities and Social Science India's Model State, 1920- Invention Volume 2 Issue 10 1936", Modern Asian Studies 9 October. 2013 (1): 31–58 JSTOR , pp 1-22 10. Wolpert, Stanley A. Gandhi's 8. Sarojini Shintri, & K. Passion: The Life and Legacy Raghavendra Rao. Women of Mahatma Gandhi (2002) .
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