qiu AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE * ★ JOURNAL * * 7 rr; i <« 43 po*/f! (2500 °/ REDUCTION TO Ro 25 OF °m s) SOLID COMp DIPLOMATIC AND ORT CONSULAR SERVICE Under the pinnacled, cloud-draped roofs of this giant modern hotel, every inch of space is devoted to one aim — your comfort! Such smooth, instantane¬ ous service, such charming rooms, such RATES AS LOW AS truly epicurean food as the Hotel New Yorker offers is hard to duplicate at low New Yorker rates. Make this trip A DAY a far pleasanter one (thriftier as well) by Every room has both tub and shower, stopping here. Direct tunnel connection full-length mirrors, circulating ice water, to Pennsylvania Station and subways. Servidor, bed and dresser lamps, radio. HOTEL NEW YORKER 3 4TH STREET AT EIGHTH AVENUE • NEW YORK CITY Directed by National Hotel Management Co., Inc ■ Ralph Hitz, President HOTELS BOOK-CADILLAC, DETROIT; NETHERLAND PLAZA, CINCINNATI; VAN CLEVE, DAYTON CONTENTS PAGE COVER PICTURE: THE KREMLIN, MOSCOW THE KHYBEH PASS—By A. 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THE NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC MAGAZINE, WASHINGTON, D. C. GILBERT GROSVENOR, Litt.D., LL.D.. Editor. THE FOREIGN S JOURNAL PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY THE AMERICAN FOREI GN SERVICE ASSOCIATION VOL. XI, No. l WASHINGTON, D. C. JANUARY, 1934 The Khyber Pass By ARTHUR C. FROST, Consul General, Calcutta THE vast sub-continent of India would scarcely most formidable frontier. The Himalayas offer a be more isolated from the rest of Asia if a challenge that only a few of the most intrepid giant earthquake should pry it loose and set it of adventurers have accepted, and then at rare in¬ down some thousands of miles further south in tervals and comparatively few points. The low¬ that immense watery expanse which extends un¬ est passes and the tableland of Tibet are be¬ broken to the South Pole. Maps tend to belie the tween 16,000 and 18,000 feet in altitude, or, in fact that seas unite while mountains separate. It other words, the floor of this region is high above takes as long to cross Kashmir to the border of the topmost peaks in the United States. In Assam Tibet as to travel to America. The Himalaya on the east the immense swollen rivers, thickest of chain, mightiest of mountains, stretching along the jungles, and foul fevers have always provided a northern border of India for 1,500 miles with a sure defence against invasion. Only in the north¬ wide-flung double barrier of sheer snowy peaks in west in the region of the Khyber Pass, together endless convolutions, and beyond the interminable with some minor points through the eastern deserts barren plateaus of Tibet, is by far the world’s of Baluchistan, have India’s fertile plains been vulnerable to the hungry hordes of inner Asia. The City of Peshawar, the Brit¬ ish outpost in the extreme north¬ west of India, is reached in about 48 hours from Calcutta on the Punjab Mail, and in the same time from Bombay by the crack Frontier Mail, the finest train in India. It is a long way to go in India’s heat and dust, but will well repay the trouble even if an American, conscious of the Grand Canyon, might lightly regard the Pass itself as but a wrinkle upon the face of Nature. The Khyber, the “Key to In¬ dia,” has been called the most strategic spot in history. For 40 A CAFILA THROUGH THE KHYBER centuries the Pass and its ad- 3 joining valleys have witnessed ultra” as far as Michni Kandoo the march of races in an irre¬ and a resourceful few manage pressible surge southward. Along to penetrate up to Landi Khana, this focal route have gone Aryan, which is two miles this side of Tartar, Nomad, Greek, Afghan, the Afghan border and consid¬ Moghul, and Moslem in the ered the utmost limit. In def¬ greatest migrations of the ages. erence to my appeal, the offi¬ In the bazars of Peshawar, cials weakened and gave author¬ the first Indian entrepot for Ka¬ ity for me to go two miles fur¬ bul, Bokhara, Samarkand, and ther on to the very frontier it¬ Central Asia, may be seen all self, Tor Khan, which is nearly manner of savage tribesmen with 40 miles from Peshawar. a picturesqueness of garb that The Assistant Political Officer would make a Hollywood direc¬ of the Khyber, a Pathan know¬ tor despair of attaining such ing every rock and peak, accom¬ realism. Afridis go by with har¬ panied us in the car and nar¬ dy physiques and defiant faces. rated as we went along the stir¬ Then there are Zakkas, Kukis, ring events which had checkered Aka Khel, and many another Photo by A. C. Frost British penetration in this re¬ clan, with names unknown to A CAMELEER POSES FOR gion during the past century. A us, but each in fierce unfettered JOURNAL READERS second car filled with armed ways is doubtless sure of its soldiers followed us immediate¬ own superiority and has guns to prove it. In ly behind. Proceeding from Pehhawar in the the wild atmosphere of the frontier one senses early morning we soon reached Jamrud, 12 miles the heartbeat of Asia. Every man you meet out, the first fort on entering the defile. At this carries a rifle. It lies beside him as he sleeps place and at succeeding forts we were met by the and is in his hand every waking or dozing mo¬ entire officialdom, not to welcome me but to “sa¬ ment. Even workmen in the Pass have soldiers laam” their superior officer. on guard, with rifle ready for snipers. To be On Tuesdays and Fridays caravans come in a good shot in this no-woman’s land is more from Afghanistan and inner Asia, the journeys be¬ essential than to know French or have a pass¬ ing limited to two days a week for reasons of port. Fighting is not merely their fun but their safety. We fortunately visited the Khyber on a profession. Tuesday and saw the long lines of camels winding When times are tranquil the normal tourist may in and out through the Pass.