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MCLURE HAMILTON’S “MRS. ASQUITH” (See also page 550) — 522

LAST WISH OF A GREAT AMERICAN ARTIST By W. W. Corcoran 523

THE KINGDOM OF SIAM By the Honorable James M. Baker 526

THE HONEYMOON OF PIRRO AND MARINELLA By David H. Buffum 530

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516 The Land of the Tall Poinsettia

By THE HONORABLE MEREDITH NICHOLSON, Asuncion

1 ADMIT at once the in¬ nation as it exists today. competence of the title as Paraguay is one of the a description of Paraguay, few remaining outposts of but as 1 write, with the poin¬ romance in the new world. settia flinging its scarlet ban¬ Cervantes would have felt ners over countless walls in at home here. Don Quixote the residential district of could ride today through the Asuncion, mere history and streets of Asuncion and not human triumphs and failures be challenged by the white- seem unimportant. The Para¬ helmeted traffic cops. Many guayan poinsettia is a tree incidents in Paraguayan his¬ rather than the potted plant tory are not paralleled by displayed in American flor¬ the adventurous spirit and ist shops at Christmas time the high courage recorded and, to my unscientific eye, in the chronicles of any the flapping petals seem other division of Latin- much larger than those of America. The efforts of the our home product. The Jesuits back yonder in the claims of Paraguay to be early years of the 16th cen¬ known as a land of flowers tury to organize the native are strengthened by the Guarani into what we would gorgeous purple clusters of call nowadays a communistic the Bougainvilleae which social order, makes an inter¬ everywhere arrest and charm esting page in Paraguayan the eye. history. Ethnology has not The far-wandering Sebastian Cabot was the first yet offered any conclusive explanation of the European to invade the territory now embraced in Guarani, their origin or the qualities that differ¬ Paraguay. This was in 1527 and eight years later entiate him from other South American natives. Asuncion was founded by Don Pedro de Mendoza, Irala, by reason of his sincere regard for the a member of the Spanish royal household, and mild, peace-loving Guarani Indian, was responsible became the capital of all the Spanish territory for an absolutely singular condition found in no east of the Andes. One of Don Pedro’s captains, other Latin American country. He insisted that Domingo Martinez de Irala, may be credited his soldiers and particularly the missionaries who with laying the foundations of the Paraguayan had come to convert the Indians, should learn the 517 ister Resident at that strenuous period was Charles A. Washburn, a Californian, who, if I may ven¬ ture the remark, most indubitably earned his salary. Lopez was no ordinary person; I have heard him praised as a patriot, though Min¬ ister Washburn during his stormy incumbency of the post, hardly re¬ garded him in that light. Never¬ theless Lopez was evidently a man of intelligence and no small degree of enlightened initiative, with many sound ideas as to the development of his country. However, almost immediately upon gaining control DIVERSIFIED PRODUCTS, ASUNCION MARKET of the government he became in¬ volved in a dispute with Brazil and Guarani language. As a result the Spaniard began a war with that country which quickly drew learned Guarani, reversing the usual order in Argentina and Uruguay into the fray. In this colonization. As a result, even today nearly all struggle Paraguay fought her three neighbors with Paraguayans speak Guarani fluently and in the a pluck, determination and sacrifice hardly country districts the majority speak nothing else. equalled in the history of warfare. That invinci¬ There are two newspapers in Asuncion, both wilh ble patriotism which is an impressive attribute of considerable circulation, partly printed in Guarani. the Paraguayan character was developed and Much that makes Paraguay one of the most inter¬ strengthened in that struggle. esting and picturesque countries in South America, It is not, however, of the Spartan fortitude of is clearly traceable to the work of Irala and the the Paraguayans but rather of their gentler side first builders of the present-day republic. Irala and of their beautiful country that I would give encouraged the marriage of Spanish and native some hint. Coming from a region of the United and as there were few women of pure Spanish States distinguished by picket fences and low blood among the early colonists these unions re¬ hedges I find the walls that invariably shut off sulted in the creation of a new racial type. Class Paraguayan domiciles pleasantly suggestive of distinctions were little recognized and were not privacy and a cozy home life. The walls in Asun¬ tolerated by the despotic Francia who, dominating cion in most instances wear a look of age as if the country in 1814, three years after Paraguay broke with Spain, pursued malevolently the Spanish in¬ habitants of pure blood because of his distrust for their loyalty. Francia remains one of the most remarkable characters in South American history and one naturally inviting the ro¬ mancer’s pen. El Supremo, the novel written about him by the late Ed¬ ward Lucas White, a distinguished scholar and poet of Baltimore, is considered an accurate picture of Francia and his times. In 1864 Francisco Solano Lopez was the head of the Paraguayan Gov¬ ernment and in the six years of his reign wrote pages in the national history which are thrilling though ghastly reading. The American Min¬ THE ASUNCION MARKET 518 JHE AMERICAN pOREIGN gERVICE JOURNAL they might have been transported from some ancient city of Spain. The young ladies of Asuncion have a delectable habit of hovering quite circumspectly along the walls of their casas in the cool of the evening. A red rose in the dark hair—yes! Later the stroller will hear, when the great planets of the Southern night are bright in the bluest sky in the world, the languorous tinkle of guitars; or he will pass some gate¬ way where a soldier of Paraguay is saying goodbye to his sweetheart be¬ fore leaving for the front. Palabras carinosas! How many centuries ago were just such scenes and experiences part of the life of charming Old Spain. Many old Spanish customs and AMERICAN LEGATION, ASUNCION habits persist here and it would be a pity to change them. Even the hurrying Ameri¬ cion. You now clap your hands—twice, and re¬ can grows deliberate and casual in the Asuncion peat, staccato. This will almost invariably bring atmosphere. A call, for example, where you are results. Some one will appear and inspect you not merely delivering cards in routine fashion, over the wall or through the iron bars of the gate, is not to be entered upon with vulgar haste. and if you give a satisfactory account of yourself At the gate in the typical high wall there is a you will be admitted. bell, frequently hidden by vines. It is part of The Asuncion shops close at eleven and are not the adventure to find it. You do not of course open again until three. Early rising is the rule; discover it at once, but only after exploring several of the diplomatic corps are up and at work a bit. You punch the button and wait; you at six every morning. Paraguay’s reversed sea¬ may wait sometime, but is it not a sign of inferior sons keep one bothered as to the flight of time, for breeding to manifest impatience? Very likely the letters arrive from the United States describing timbre is out of order, quite like bells in more the intolerable heat just as a delightful autumn thoroughly mechanized communities than Asun¬ falls upon these South lands. It is pretended by the natives that the weather is never cold here, but it can be chilly enough to make winter clothing necessary. The houses are wholly without heating facilities; I have seen one fireplace and this, the owner informed me, was purely ornamental for scientific chimney building is unknown here. When there’s “a nipping and an eager air” we remove the chill from the Legation with electric heaters about the size of a watch. Paraguayan lace is justly famous. The nandutd is wrought with in¬ credible skill into the most delicate and intricate patterns. The early Guarani had no music, but today LEGATION STAFF, ASUNCION the Paraguayan is known charac¬ Left to right: The Minister; George H, Butler, Third Secretary; Clerks teristically as a lover of music, both Philip Raine and Donald S. Kent (Continued to page 554) 519 CHIMNEY ROCK NEAR HENDER¬ SONVILLE

Where Do We Go from Here*?

By JOHN M. SAVAGE. Consul, Retired

EVERY Con¬ sions cease with the death of the recipient, and sular Officer there is no Government provision for the mainte¬ has the above nance of widows and minor children, it behooves question more or a retired officer, for the sake of his family if for less in m i n cl no other reason, to prolong his life as much as during his en¬ possible. tire period of In past years many officers solved the problem service, and as by selecting a place abroad that afforded a salubri¬ the time for his ous climate and where the cost of living was com¬ retirement draws paratively cheap. So far as parents are concerned near, the ques- this did not make much difference; but where MR. SAVAGE’S HOME. there are minor children it is a great mistake, in HENDERSONVILLE t i o n becomes my opinion, for them to lose touch with their own more a c u t e. country, and I know of instances where such chil¬ When a transfer is arranged the Department does dren, to put it mildly, have been severely handi the arranging and all the officer has to do is to capped by too long foreign residence. The de¬ follow the instruction; but when the time of re¬ preciation of the dollar in terms of foreign tirement arrives he is compelled to do his own currency, and the comparatively high income taxes choosing, and often a serious problem confronts imposed in most countries abroad, has to a great him. extent altered the situation and even persons be¬ With salaries what they are in our Foreign longing to what is known as the leisure class have Service no officer, and especially if during the been compelled to return to the United States for period of his service he maintains the dignity of reasons of economy. his position, can hope or expect to accumulate Because the cost of living in the larger cities of sufficient capital to provide an income for himself the United States is high by comparison, it is a and his dependents and he has, therefore, to a mistake to assume that similar conditions prevail great extent to rely upon his retiring allowance throughout the entire country; also it should be for support. As under the present system pen¬ borne in mind that the United States leads the 520 world in the excellence of its foods and in creature the numerous mountain lakes, as the daylight sun comforts. The thing to do, therefore, is to find is so strong it melts. There are sufficient shops, the place in the United States where the maximum including several chain stores, and any ordinary of living conditions can be had for the minimum of requirements are available. There is a first class expense. So far as my wife and myself are con¬ picture house and, during the summer, dances and cerned we think we have solved the problem by entertainments are provided for the amusement of selecting Western North Carolina, which is rightly the visitors as well as permanent residents. There called “The Land of the Sky,” and out of this are numerous tennis courts provided by the city large area we have selected Hendersonville as one where no charge is made for their use and an of the most desirable places. excellent 18 hole golf course with grass greens, The city of Hendersonville has a population of where a nominal charge is made for non-members. 5,000 and is built on the top of a mountain hav¬ There is a swimming pool in the center of the ing an altitude of 2,153 feet. For purposes of city and there are bathing facilities in lakes easy identification it may be well to state that Hender¬ of access. Food is fully 25% cheaper than in sonville is 21 miles from Asheville, a city of New York, and fruit, vegetables and dairy products 65,000. During the summer it entertains hundreds are to be had in abundance and much fresher than of visitors, mainly from Florida and points South, the city dweller is accustomed to. Close prox¬ and these are accommodated in numerous imity to the Florida market insures an early sup¬ and boarding houses, and in many cases residents ply of fruits and vegetables from that source. rent their homes for the season, which lasts about Competent colored servants can be had at wages three months. Although in July and August the dependent on the hours of service and duties per¬ thermometer during the day climbs into the formed. The maximum wages paid a female eighties, the nights are invariably cool enough to servant appears to be $5.00 a week, and for this sleep under a blanket, and there are no mosquitoes. she cooks three meals a day, except that she fin¬ This will be my first winter in Hendersonville and ishes on Sunday after a mid-day dinner; does the record gives the mean temperature for the most of the laundry and keeps the house in order. winter months as 27V“> degrees. I understand As a rule maids do not sleep in; but they arrive some seasons zero weather is reached for short early in the morning and remain until their work periods; but permanent ice does not form even on (Continued to page 546)

LAKE LURE AT CHIMNEY ROCK, NORTH CAROLINA 521

Last Wish of a Great American Artist

By W. W. CORCORAN, Consul, Kingston, Jamaica

“Come immediately. Must sugar plantations, Henry see you.—Hamilton.” Morgan, boldest buccaneer of all, had once strutted; for "SOLATED at Mandeville, everywhere one goes in .. a quaint village in the Jamaica lurks the spirit of . amaican mountains, almost the great p i r a t e—of him completely separated in this whose personality changed Caribbean isle from a world the map of the New World. which he has so richly en¬ I puzzled as to whether dowed with the beauty of his the spirit of the great was genius (now in his declining about to depart at Mande¬ years, blind and almost to¬ ville. Why this urgent de¬ tally deaf), J. McLure Ham¬ sire to have me come to ilton, one of the greatest of him? Those prophetic lines modern artists, an American, which he had written some was distressed. And he three decades ago in his called—as hundreds do daily “Men I Have Painted” had in in all parts of the world— a great measure come true: to the head of his clan, the caid of his tribe, the “Poor Keats! Poor Poe! With what riches they representative of his country; in this case the endowed a thoughtless and ungrateful world! Can American Consul at Kingston, Jamaica. it be much of a consolation to their spirits to To defer action on the great artist’s telegram know that a wealth of sentiment is now showered even for several hours played unpleasant pranks upon the tombs that hold their once hungering and with conscience. Symbolized in him, the great starved bodies? What law of chance governs re¬ portrayer of Gladstone, and Bismarck; the inti¬ wards and punishments? Who can explain the mate friend of George Meredith, Herbert Spencer, affluence of a Peter Paul Rubens, a Velasquez, or Onslow Ford, and Alfred Gilbert, is all that is a Benjamin West, and the poverty of a Rem¬ exquisite in the art of the land which gave him brandt, a Franz Hals, or a Gilbert Stuart? An birth. His supersensitiveness—his mental facul¬ Alma Tadema may live in a palace with a golden ties are still delightfully keen—would probably stair, while a Matthew Maris shades the smoking cause him to imagine that he to whom he logically 0 1 lamp that lights his humble room with a news¬ looked for aid had also abandoned him. paper.’ Mandeville is a lovely piece of English land¬ Poor Hamilton! Helpless with rheumatism, scape, two thousand and fifty feet above sea level blind, all but completely deaf, and now faced with and several hours by automobile from Kingston, comparative poverty despite the possession of in¬ Jamaica’s principal seaport. Its stone fences, re¬ comparable artistic treasures; paintings of the old sembling those the early Colonists built in Con¬ and modern masters; numerous exquisite pastels necticut and Virginia; its well kept lawns; its and etchings of his own hand, sculpture and other village church and cluster of little shops, give the riches for which there is. alas, no demand at pres¬ impression that the Deity one day back in the ent in th:s callous material era. seventeenth century took up with a huge spade I would try to make the old man forget his ills; some tract of England or New England and set it 1 would talk to him of the past; probably he down in the hills of this tropical Paradise. It is knew among others the immortal Anatole France, only natural that the beauty of McLure Hamilton’s probably the great Frank Harris, or Camille Flam- soul would wed itself with the loveliness of his marion, the eminent astronomer. I would tell him cherished Mandeville. of my privilege of having known Monsieur France Thought upon thought, detached, relevant and and he could tell me of his association with the irrelevant, crowded on me as I hastened out of brilliant Gladstone, and with the Iron Chancellor. the sweltering heat of Kingston for the hill coun¬ And had he known Rodin, and one of the great¬ try. Over this same road, hedged by banana and est of the late modern sculptors, Gaudier-Brzeska, 523 who lived in pov¬ had put his all; that erty and was killed of him which alone in the World War? remained virile; As the car ap¬ that world of beau¬ proached the neat ty in which he still little stone house, lived and dreamed situated on the and dreamed. brow of a hill “Thousands o f commanding a val¬ eyes are daily be¬ ley view commen¬ ing attracted to the surate with the lovely ladies you aesthetic sense of painted, Mr. Ham¬ those who live on ilton,” I began. the eminence, Mrs. “Imagine, even at Hamilton, t h e ar¬ this moment in tist’s wife and de¬ Washington and voted nurse and London and else¬ companion, came where the world is out to meet me. feasting its eyes on She is a diminu¬ your work — on tive woman, who those lovely paint¬ carries well her ings by you in the seventy-odd years, Corcoran and Tate and still has suffi- Photo by W. W. Corcoran galleries.” c ient vitality to HAMILTON’S “GLADSTONE IN THE TEMPLE OF PEACE” The venerable take meticulous, and face broke into a the gentlest, care of her distinguished patient. broad smile. I was, perhaps, beginning to succeed. Although the light has failed for its famous oc¬ “Who inspired this exquisite pastel on the cupant and the hands that produced most of the wall?” I continued. exquisite pictures which embellish its walls have “Oh, she was or is one of the seven or eight become forever inert, the interior of the house is of many beautiful daughters of Mr. Joseph Row- still a studio in which one is left with the impres¬ ley. The father was ‘Taffy’ in Du Maurier’s sion that the artist has simply strolled out for a "Trilby.’ She came with two of her sisters to breath of air. visit me and it was through friendship with them From a Guido Reni and several other old mas¬ that I subsequently painted Gladstone. ters which adorn the entrance hall, my eyes fell “I could not help noticing the resemblance of and fixed on a portrait which really startled me. the three young ladies to Romney’s portraits of A perfect likeness, away off here in the mountains Lady Hamilton, particularly to Ethel, Mrs. Myles of a Caribbean island, of Charles C. Glover, for¬ Kennedy, whose commanding beauty, as I after¬ mer President of the Riggs National Bank of wards wras to discover, arrested attention wherever Washington and until his death one of the best she appeared. That is she, the pastel on the wall. known figures of the Capital of the United States. They introduced me to Mr. Gladstone and to Mrs. Mrs. Hamilton bending close to her infirm hus¬ Drew, the great statesman’s daughter who always band announced: insisted both verbally and in written statements “Darling, here is your Consul.” that 1 painted the best portraits, the real likenesses “Father thinks the Consul can move the stars,” of her distinguished father. I painted him seven interposed the artist’s only son, George Hamilton, times.” the astronomer. The old artist talked on and on about Glad¬ “He is hastening his end by worry over our stone. Finally lifting himself high on the pillow, frozen assets,” said Mrs. Hamilton. “You see he he seemed imbued w'ith a new joy as he recalled has never been the Bohemian painter,” she con¬ the purchase of one of his Gladstone portraits by tinued. “Up to now we have always lived in the French government for the Luxembourg Mu¬ comparative ease.” seum. My duty was evident; make my distinguished “Let me tell you the story of the prophetic host forget himself, his predicament. How? To butterfly,” he said. “Onslow Ford, the sculptor, talk to him about his work, that into which he and I were walking near the Arc de Triomphe, 524 when he called my attention to some primrose lish and American artists to be represented in the butterflies and said ‘whenever one of these lights collection of Modern Art which the French govern¬ on my coat or hat it is an omen of good fortune ment was bringing together in the Luxembourg not to me, but to the man who happens to be with Museum. me. If one should happen to alight on me now, “Before that year,” he said, “if I am not mis¬ you will get a medal or something.’ He had hard¬ taken, only one foreign piece hung in that gallery. ly finished speaking when one of the graceful in¬ That year ‘Sargent’s Carmencita,’ ‘Whistler’s sects settled composedly on the lapel of his coat. Mother’ and my little ‘Gladstone’ were added. As we entered the Palais de l’Industrie, w7here the “Whistler is alleged to have resented the inclu¬ new Salon of the Secessionists was being held, sion of my portrait with that of his ‘Mother.’ If my feelings were aroused in spite of the flash of the story is true, he exclaimed: ‘Why drag in cold reason that I bring to bear upon all things Hamilton. Who is he, anyhow?’ Alas for hu¬ called superstition. man foresight. Whistler lived long enough to dis¬ “When we entered the picture galleries there cover me as an ‘enemy.’ ” was my little portrait of Gladstone with a yellow Obviously the old artist was tired; he had put placard on the frame. My pulse beat more quick¬ his all in these retrospections. It was my turn; I ly and I hurried over to the picture exclaiming, must talk and try to interest him. He had once 1Mention Honorable! Ford, you see the oracle told me of his futile attempts to have Anatole spoke truly.’ ” France sit for him. He would be amused to hear Still stimulated by the recollection of one of his how the great Frenchman had squelched me. I greatest successes, the old artist proudly explained told him that I had met Monsieur France at the that it was a much-courted distinction among Eng¬ (Continued to page 547)

Photo by W. W. Corcoran McLURE HAMILTON’S “BISMARCK” IN SPINKS GALLERIES, LONDON 525 ANGKOR VAT, FRENCH INDO CHINA, EASILY REACHED BY VISITORS TO BANGKOK The Kingdom of Siam

By THE HONORABLE JAMES M. BAKER, Minister to Siam

THE Kingdom of Siam was one of the last of public morals; the King shall be head of the the absolute monarchies of ihe world. It had military and naval forces; shall exercise executive a bloodless revolution in 1932, and on June 27th power through the State Council; shall have pow¬ of that year the King signed the new constitution er to grant pardons and may issue royal decrees declaring a limited monarchy with full franchise not in conflict with the law; shall have power to for his people and provided for a legislative as¬ promulgate martial law; shall have power to de¬ sembly with full power to legislate and to which clare war, make peace and conclude treaties pro¬ die various ministers are responsible. vided the declaration of war is not contrary to Under the leadership of King Prajadhipok, an¬ the provisions of the Covenant of the League of cient Siam has joined the democracies of the Nations. world. His Majesty has outlined a program in The Assembly has one hundred fifty-six mem¬ the Far East for social and economic reconstruc¬ bers, one-half of whom are appointed by the King tion throughout the Kingdom. He is the idol of and one-half are elected by the people every four his people, enjoying their respect, confidence and years. Army, navy and civil government officers love, and they are unrelenting in their support of are constitutionally permitted to be members of his policies. He has promulgated progressive poli¬ the Assembly. One-third of the total number con¬ cies in the Government departments, reducing ex¬ stitutes a quorum. All questions are decided by penditures, providing an income tax in order to a majority vote but in case of a tie the presiding raise revenue, reducing the pension roll from ten officer shall have a vote. All words used in de¬ to fifty per cent, and balancing the Government bate or expressed are privileged. No legal pro¬ budget. The King demonstrated his ability in the ceeding can be taken against a member. The As¬ suppression of the recent internal disturbance sembly is called to meet by the King and its without serious sacrifices in his army and navy, sessions are limited to ninety days, after which the and has proven his leadership in establishing a King may call an extra session. The budget must constitutional government for his people. be made in the form of a bill, passed by the Constitution. The Constitution provides that the Assembly, signed by the King and published in King shall profess and uphold the Buddhist re¬ the Government Gazette, before it becomes a law. ligion, although every citizen is free to profess any The State Council is appointed by the King and religion in accordance with his own belief pro¬ is composed of fourteen to twenty-four Stale vided it is not contrary to the public order or Councillors. The President of the State Council 526 and the fourteen State Councillors shall be select¬ three articles—rice, tin and teak—constitute the ed from among the members of the Assembly, and bulk of Siam’s exports. the remaining members selected from persons who The Kingdom is largely agricultural and its possess special knowledge or experience and need greatest need is for agricultural equipment and not be members of the Assembly. The State Coun¬ simple machinery, inexpensive in order to find a cil must approve all bills passed by the Assembly ready sale. Among such articles are implements before they are submitted to the King for his used in irrigating large areas where water must approval. be lifted from the canals and rivers to the level The Courts in Siam are created by law and the of the rice fields. Many other types of agricul¬ judges are independent in holding trials and giving tural implements might also be introduced with judgments according to law. The right to inter¬ profit to representatives of American manufacur- pret the Constitution is vested in the Assembly ers. The crops for which such implements are Agriculture and Industrial Development. Prog¬ needed are rice, tobacco and maize. Tobacco is ress in the development of Siam’s natural not grown for commercial use but only for con¬ sources has been slow. Ninety sumption by the grower and per cent of her inhabitants are his family and is increasing in farmers, content to utilize the use in competition with the broad plains of the Menam and betel nut universally used Mekong Rivers to grow rice among the native inhabitants. claimed to be the finest known The Siam Government in to the world. The decline in 1912 began an experiment of the value of rice exports growing cotton for several years brought the effects of the world but without success, and no cot¬ economic depression to Siam ton is now grown in this coun¬ and the country has thus shared try for commercial purposes. with other nations the difficult The Siam farming popula¬ problems of readjustment. tion in 1930 (the latest statis¬ The Kingdom of Siam is tics available) disposed of an slightly less in area than the income of about one hundred Republic of France and is rich fifty million dollars, at the in natural resources. Tin pro¬ present rate of exchange. Of duced in Siamese mines ranks this sum about twenty-five mil¬ second in the country’s exports, lion was spent for all agricul¬ and teak ranks third. tural costs, and about two mil-

AMERICAN LEGATION, BANGKOK 527 Thomas M. Wilson TWO DIVAS GUARDING A TEMPLE, BANGKOK lion for agricultural equipment. These figures tem and Government-controlled sales agencies. should be of interest to the American manufac¬ Art and Architecture. The art of Siam has been turers. The average Siamese farmer has only a famous for ages. Wats (vats), or temples, are found small cash income and cannot afford expensive all over the country, and in Bangkok alone there farm equipment. The farmers are in a bad plight are over three hundred fifty, many of them cost¬ 1 owing to the low price of rice. The Government, ing fabulous sums of money, being richly adorned aware of this situation, is endeavoring to relieve it with gold, semi-precious stones, colored glass and th rough a specially devised Cooperative Credit Sys¬ porcelain. A wat enclosure includes several build-

Thomas M. Wilson MUCH OF BANGKOK’S TRANSPORTATION IS BY WATER 528 ings grouped together for worship, living quarters for monks, libraries and special chapels. These beautiful temples with their many statues of Buddha fill all who see them with awe. During the hundreds of years required to build them, they have generally been constructed under the direction of the reigning monarchs and dedicated to the worship of Buddha. The interior decora¬ tion is generally colorful murals depicting the many lives of Buddha, or black and gold lacquer work. Siamese art has a definite individuality. The noted artists have been employed by the royalty, and the old silver, lacquer and carved wood work of the best quality is difficult to purchase—so rare it is and so very highly esteemed. The architecture of Siam, which finds its highest expression in Angkor Wat, now belonging to French Indo-China but until recent years belong¬ ing to Siam, and in Wat Phra Keo and Wat Arun in Bangkok, is the outstanding monument of Siamese art, according to many leading authorities. Education. Siam has made notable progress in educational affairs in recent years. A Ministry of Public Instruction is in charge of school adminis¬ tration. There are at present some sixty-four Thomas M. Wilson hundred schools established by the central Gov¬ ONE OF BANGKOK’S MANY TEMPLES ernment or by local communities, offering com¬ mon school education to some seven hundred fifty from the Government, have obtained higher edu¬ thousand children. School attendance has recent¬ cation and special training in foreign countries ly been made compulsory between the ages of including England, France, the United States and seven and fourteen. Many students, by assistance the Philippine Islands. (Continued to page 551.)

ANCIENT CARVINGS, ANGKOR 529 The Honeymoon•7 of Pirro and Marinella

By DAVID H. BUFFUM, Vice Consul, Palermo

ALTHOUGH a Sicilian by birth, as had been one diminutive member of an abused race that had i \ his father before him, all of Pirro s an¬ been subjected to multitudinous indignities and cestors hailed originally from Sardinia, ^ears hardships from Biblical days up to twentieth cen¬ ago his family had accepted Sicily as habitat tury Sicily and he resented his fate terribly, but with a somewhat philosophical resignation and he clung to a fervent hope that some day he would all in all had fitted into the new environment with get the break he felt he had coming to him. Surely a very creditable adaptability; but in spite of there would be a way—somehow! notoriously small stature, there was not a member In such moods he would raise his quivering, of the family who was not proud of his or her grey muzzle to the stars and emit a shuddering, Sardinian origin and in each of them was manifest convulsive bray of protest, a bray that was elo¬ a rather fierce spirit of independence and a certain quent with bis own ideas about men and donkeys verve of temperament that went back over the and the whole botched, mundane scheme. Oh! centuries to the wind-swept Sardinian hills where Great One! Mighty controller of our destinies! their red-blooded ancestors had lived their lives Hear me and send me somehow to greener pas¬ aloof. Pirro was not so resigned to the inevitable tures where life is sweetened by other means than as most members of his family, however, and by “dolce far niente”—a thousand miles away would admit to no one that his life was to be from lemons! My philosophy is going sour! This limited by the mountains of Sicily. In fact he “scirocco” is shriveling my soul. And his bray¬ possessed a fertile imagination and was actuated ing voice would shatter the solitude and then come by an inordinate ambition to see the world. Away hurtling back in tremulous echoes from the bare from the lemons, the painted carts and betasseled Sicilian hills. For that was the only way he had donkeys, was his idea—far away to sweeter, green¬ to express his feelings, be being a dwarf Sicilian er corners of the earth where be could participate donkey, as bis family is termed on the consular in romance and adventure—where he could see invoices. and experience life in all its pulsating realities And then Marinella came into his life. Ah! before the gentleman with the scythe should cut that graceful, irresistible Marinella with her lim¬ him down! Would he be contented with a drab- pid, Brown eyes, her mouse-grey, soft skin and her bucolic life in Sicily for the rest of his days? dainty, polished hooves! She had already exerted Not Pirro! a great influence upon him and had tended to Frequently under the Sicilian stars, with the soothe his tempestuous feelings with regard to cer¬ age-old pungency of orange blossoms in his nos¬ tain phases of life. Was it the old, sweet story? trils, be was rather prone to soliloquy. Why am Yes, it must be that he loved her; ah! how he I not happy and contented here? There must be loved her! something in the air that makes me so discorn- With Marinella at his side he could face the fortingly restless. Where do I get all the wander¬ whole asinine world on four tenacious feet and lust that is in me? What is the true meaning of with an equanimity of spirit in keeping with the life anyway and why am I what I am? Things dignity of his Sardinian ancestors. The mere were far from right and he sensed that he was but thought of himself and Marinella together in dis- 530 tant pastures, far away from the grueling bondage was interrupted by a series of strange episodes. that had been the lot of most of his immediate They were brushed and combed; their hooves were relatives in Sicily, excited him inordinately and polished; an individual with an apparently morbid present obstacles in the path of its realization curiosity peered into their mouths and down their would prompt him to burst into a dolorous, ear- throats; another individual tapped their teeth with splitting bray, ending in a rasping, hysterical something hard; they were weighed and persons wheeze that seemed to sum up the hopeless injus¬ wrote things down on papers and documents. Pirro tice of everything in bitter vituperation against the gazed with unfeigned interest during the course of rough deal that his race had perpetually received these unprecedented tactics. During a cessation in from the hands of men. activities he leaned close to Marinella’s ear. Some¬ He made so much noise about it that one day a thing was sure enough going on! Although of fiend on two legs who had something to do with course he did not know precisely, he had sort of his pasturage took Marinella away from him; but a hunch that a turning point in their lives had that was just about the worst thing that could have been reached and that they were actually about to been done insofar as concerned the general peace leave Sicily behind them forever! He punctuated and decorum of the neighborhood. At first he his thoughts with an excited bray and moved even gazed mournfully at the departing Marinella, hut closer: “Well, old girl, the worm has turned! We when the gravity of the issue dawned upon him, will soon be off on our honeymoon to the Elysian he filled the air with the bitterness of his heart. fields of our dreams!” In between brays he seemed to relapse into his So much for the idylics preliminary to the habitual soliloquy, emphasizing his thoughts with honeymoon of Pirro and Marinella. A more ma¬ an occasional stamp of a diminutive hoof. The terial angle of the affair was that they had been fools! The asses! The insufferable idiots! It’s a sold by a Palermo firm specializing in such trans¬ good tiling for me that they don’t know exactly actions and that their new master was to be some what 1 think of them! And he worked himself American youngster whose father had a nice place into an attenuated groan on Long Island. A turn¬ of real and utter despair. ing point in their lives in¬ ‘"Madonna mia! Non e deed had been reached guisto — questo schema and their subsequent days mondiale,” he brayed, were destined to be in¬ “veramente non e giusto!” finitely easier and more His protests were so pleasant than is the unfor¬ loud and so vehement that tunate lot of their Sicilian she was brought back to brethren. The practical him as an expedient to end of it included a con¬ insure a reasonably peace- sular invoice upon which f u 1 atmosphere. With was stipulated: “two live, Marinella at his side he dwarf, Sicilian donkeys, calmed down and became perfectly healthy; one quite another donkey, for male, one female; two he adored the very soil Sicilian peasant carts, beneath her hooves and in hand carved and painted; her dainty, wistful man¬ two sets of Sicilian har¬ ner, she reciprocated the ness with weather-proof, sentiment. They were led colored feathers.” On an to the altar, so to speak, attached medical certifi¬ and there were halcyon cate some veterinarian in¬ days together when he dicated that the matter seemed to forget about his was all right with him ambitions, romance, travel, and that as far as he adventure—all the themes knew there were no cases that had disturbed him so of dourine, glanders, far- when he was a bachelor cynom or epizootic lym- under those starry skies phangytis around the of his adopted Sicily. place. It would be just And then the idylicism TYPICAL SICILIAN CART (Continued to page 571) 531 Conseliio Nacional de Turismo, Lisbon THE NATIONAL PALACE, CINTRA, PORTUGAL Modern Portugal

By ALEXANDER R. MAGRUDER, Counselor, Lisbon

IIV these troubled times, the weary traveler will 1755, there are still in existence a sufficient num¬ find Portugal, despite her stormy past, a quiet, ber of old buildings to bear witness to the city’s peaceful land, rich in natural beauty and in ancient glory. Among the most interesting of historical monuments. Owing to a dearth of these is the Cathedral, a noble edifice of Moorish modern means of communication, most parts of origin and, within easy motoring distance of the the country remain utterly unspoiled. Native city, there are the imposing religious structures re¬ architecture, costumes ferred to by Sacheverell and customs still en¬ Sitwell in the following hance Portugal’s charm, passage, dealing with Por¬ while the traditional tuguese art: “The monu¬ courtesy of the people ments of its greatness are in all walks of life adds in a style of architecture to the pleasure of travel. so peculiar that it is with¬ Furthermore, under the out parallel: the monas¬ able leadership of Dr. teries of Batalha and Salazar, Portugal’s emi¬ Tomar have literally to nent Premier and Min¬ be seen to be believed. ister of Finance, a nota¬ They were the products ble improvement in the of a golden age, when amenities of life has tak¬ this small kingdom en place during recent found India, Africa and years through the main¬ Brazil at its mercy. It tenance of order and the was the reign of Em¬ carrying out of innumer¬ manuel I.” able public works, in¬ The present Govern- cluding better roads. ment of Portugal has This is especially true turned its attention to of Lisbon, which has a modernizing the country, first-class hotel, where a to developing its natu¬ room and private bath ral resources and to en¬ with full board may be couraging trade and in¬ had for the very reason¬ dustry. Portugal lays able price of approximate¬ claim to being the oldest ly six dollars per day. political entity of mod¬ ern Europe and the Although a severe Conselho Nacional de Turismo, Lisbon world’s greatest colonial earthquake destroyed the EXQUISITELY CARVED CHURCH ENTRY, major part of Lisbon in TOMAR, PORTUGAL empire with the excep- 532 lion of Great Britain and France. Her richest ly according to the customs of children, warn¬ and most extensive colony is Angola, or Portu¬ ing them at the same time against thistles and guese West Africa, a possession embracing an area thorns. And I devise to children the banks of of about 1,265,000 square kilometers and cor¬ the brooks, the golden sands beneath the wa¬ responding in size to France, Belgium, Portugal ters thereof, the odors of the willows that dip and Spain combined. The second largest colony therein and the white clouds that float high is Mozambique, which was discovered in 1498 by over the giant trees. And I leave the children Vasco da Gama during the course of his adven¬ the long, long days to be merry in, in a thou¬ turous expedition to India. In addition to these sand ways, and the night and the moon and vast territories, there are the Cape Verde islands, the train of the milky way to wonder at, but Portuguese Guinea, the islands of Sao Tome and subject nevertheless to the rights hereinafter Principe, Macao, Timor and, finally Goa, Damao given to lovers. and Diu—all that remains of Portugal’s former I devise to boys jointly all the useful idle Indian empire. The so-called adjacent islands, fields and commons where ball may be played; the Azores and , are officially classed as all pleasant waters where one may swim; all being a part of Portugal proper. snow-clad hills where one may coast; and all The Portuguese are essentially individualists, streams and ponds where one may fish, or but individualists imbued with an intense sense of where, when grim winter comes, one may skate; patriotism—a sense of patriotism oblivious of ad¬ to have and to hold the same for the period of versity and disdainful of reality. Their spirit of boyhood. And all meadows with the clover blos¬ independence and their attachment to their own soms and butterflies thereof, and the woods and customs and habits strengthen them in their pres¬ their appurtenances, the squirrels and birds, and ent determination to effect a complete rehabilita¬ all echoes and strange noises, and all distant tion of the country worthy of the glories of the places which may be visited, together with the ad¬ past and of the promises held out by the future. ventures there found. And I give to said boys each his own place at the fireside at night, with all pic¬ tures that may be seen in the burning wood, to enjoy without let or hindrance and without any “I, CHARLES LOUNSBURY” incumbrance of care. To lovers, I devise their imaginary world with HIS WILL whatever they may need—as the stars of the sky, the red roses by the wall, the bloom of the haw¬ The man who wrote “I, Charles Lounsbury,” was an in¬ thorn, the sweet strains of music, and aught else mate of the Chicago Poorhouse. To the last, in spite of such buffetings as would have made most men cynical they may desire to figure to each other the last¬ and embittered, he preserved the unquenchable spirit of ingness and beauty of their love. brotherliness toward high and low', young and old. After To young men jointly, I devise and bequeath his death his will, written in a firm, clear hand on a few scraps of paper, was found in the pocket of an old all boisterous, inspiring sports of rivalry, and I ragged coat. It was read before the Chicago Bar, and give to them the disdain of weakness and un¬ made such an impression that the assembled lawyers de¬ daunted confidence in their own strength, though cided to have it probated, thus giving it legal authority. they may be rude. I give to them the power to make lasting friendships, and of possessing com¬ I, Charles Lounsbury, being of sound mind panions, and to them exclusively I give all merry and disposing memory, do hereby make and songs and brave choruses, to sing with lusty publish this, my last will and testament, in voices. order as justly as may be to distribute my in¬ terest in the world among succeeding men. And to those who are no longer children or youths or lovers, I leave memory, and I bequeath I give to good fathers and mothers, in trust to them the volumes of the poems of Burns and for their children, all good little words of Shakespeare and of all other poets, if there be praise and encouragement, and all quaint pet others, to the end that they may live over the names and endearments, and I charge said par¬ old days again, freely and fully, without tithe or ents to use them justly and generously, as the diminution. needs of their children may require. To our loved ones with snowy crowns I be¬ I leave to children inclusively, but only for queath the happiness of old age, the love and the term of their childhood, all and every, the gratitude of their children until they fall asleep. flowers of the fields, and the blossoms of the woods, with the right to play among them free¬ Submitted by Vice Consul Myles Slandish 533 THE AMERICAN pOREIGN gERVICEJOURNAL

COVER PICTURE Photograph by LOHN, Nogales, Arizona SENATOR PITTMAN’S AZTEC CALENDAR FOREIGN S JOURNAL As an expression of appreciation of the efforts |j Vol. XI OCTOBER, 1931 of United States Senator Key Pittman for the re¬ habilitation of silver, the three-day Fiesta de la Plata was held in Nogales, Sonora, Mexico, in Au¬ PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY AMERICAN FOREIGN gust—the twin city of Nogales, Arizona, cooper¬ SERVICE ASSOCIATION, WASHINGTON, D. C. ating in the celebrations.

The American Foreign Service Journal is open to subscrip¬ The Aztec calendar in silver, reproduced on the tion in the United States and abroad at the rate of $4.00 a year, or 35 cents a copy, payable to the American Foreign cover, was presented to Senator Pittman in the Service Journal, care Department of State, Washington, D. C. course of the ceremonies. It is beautifully mount¬

Copyright, 1934, by the American Foreign Service Association ed on a base bearing an inscription reading (in translation) : “Honoring the Apostle of Silver, The Honorable Key Pittman, Senator of the United JOURNAL STAFF States of America, offered by Senor Rodolfo Elias Calles, Governor of the State of Sonora, represent¬ PAUL H. ALLINC WALTER A. FOOTE ing the mining industry in Mexico. Nogales, So¬ LOWELL C. PINKERTON Editorial Board nora, August 18, 1934.” HENRY S. VILLARD The celebration was the occasion for a consid¬ HERBERT S. BURSLEY Secretary, Editorial Board erable influx of visitors into “Ambos Nogales,” HARRY A. MCBRIDE — - —- Business Manager MAYNARD B. BARNES Treasurer including Senator and Mrs. Key Pittman, Governor Rodolfo Elias Calles, of Sonora, Governor B. B. Moeur, of Arizona, Senator Henry F. Ashurst, The American Foreign of Arizona, Senator Ramos, of Sonora, and Rep¬ resentative Isabella Greenway, of Arizona. Service Association The principal American guests were met, on a platform built across the international boundary The American Foreign Service Association is an unofficial and voluntary association of the members of The Foreign Sort ire line at Nogales, by the Mexican delegation and ex¬ of the United States. It was formed for the purpose of fos¬ pressions of good will were exchanged. tering esprit de corps among the members of the Foreign Serv¬ ice and to establish a center around which might be grouped the Consul Thomas H. Robinson, Nogales, Sonora, united efforts of its members for the improvement of the Service. who furnished the photograph and information re¬ Honorary President garding the ceremonies reports that they provided a splendid opportunity for Mexican and Ameri¬ CORDELL HULL Secretary of State can visitors to meet and become acquainted, thus furthering international understanding “in this Honorary Vice-Presidents international corner.” WILLIAM PHILLIPS Under Secretary of State WILBUR J. CARR Assistant Secretary of State ROBERT WALTON MOORE Assistant Secretary of State AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE FRANCIS B. SAYRE Assistant Secretary of State ASSOCIATION SCHOLARSHIP SUMNER WELLES Assistant Secretary of State The American Foreign Service Association Schol¬

HOMER M. BYINCTON President arship for the year 1934-35 has been awarded to RAY ATHERTON Vice-President Miss Louise Goforth, daughter of Consul Herndon RUDOLF E. SCHOENFELD Secretary-Treasurer W. Goforth, Matamoros.

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE OLIVER BISHOP HARRIMAN THOMAS M. WILSON, Chairman; J. P. MOFFAT, Vice- SCHOLARSHIP Chairman: J. F. SIMMONS, H. S. RURSLEY, J. F. Mc- GURK. The Oliver Bishop Harriman Scholarship for Alternates the year 1934-35 has been awarded to Robert Gor¬ MAHLON F. PERKINS, RUDOLF E. SCHOENFELD don Donald and John S. Calvert, Jr. Mr. Donald is the son of Consul General George K. Donald, Entertainment Committee: JOHN FARR SIMMONS, Chairman; Milan, and Mr. Calvert is the son of Consul John JULIUS C. HOLMES and GEORGE R. MERRELL, JR. S. Calvert, Regina. 534 i

News from the Department

The Secretary of Slate and Mrs. Cordell Hull number of Republican Presidents shattered the who have been “some place in New Jersey” for Virginia tradition. Yesterday, with Secretary Hull a brief vacation, have returned to Washington, and Under Secretary Phillips away from Washing¬ making the trip by motor. Secretary and Mrs. Hull ton, President Roosevelt commissioned Moore, an spent a week in the mountains near Staunton, assistant secretary, as Acting Secretary of State to Virginia, where Mrs. Hull’s brother and sister- carry on once more temporarily, at least, the tra¬ in-law. Judge and Mrs. Witz, with their son-in- dition for the Old Dominion.—The Washington law and daughter, Mr. and Mrs. Paul Hays, have Star, August 26, 1934. a camp. The United States Minister to Czechoslovakia A particularly interesting address was delivered and Mrs. J. Butler Wright, accompanied by their by Under Secretary William Phillips at Old Fort two daughters, Miss Edith S. Wright and Miss . September 6, 1934, at the dedication of Mary C. Wright, sailed September 12 on the the Rush-Bagot Memorial. Manhattan for the Minister’s new post. Others sailing on the same boat to assume their diplo¬ matic and consular duties were: Mr. Hiram Bing¬ Shades of Thomas Jefferson, James Monroe and ham, Jr., third secretary of the American Em¬ other illustrious Virginians hovered over the State bassy in London, and Mrs. Bingham, Mr. Lynn Department yesterday to see—for the first time in W. Frankli n, American Consul at Barcelona, and nearly a century—a Virginian at the desk of the Mrs. Franklin, and Mr. F. D. Grab, American Secretary of State. He was R. Walton Moore of Commercial Attache at London, and Mrs. Grab. Fairfax, Va. Consul and Mrs. Franklin’s departure, with their From the Republic’s infancy, when George Wash¬ three children, had been delayed until this time be¬ ington designated Thomas Jefferson as Secretary, cause of injuries which Mr. Franklin received in a procession of famous and distinguished sons of an automobile accident. Virginia have served as the Nation’s number one cabinet officer. Friends of Consul General Albert Halstead, re¬ Jefferson, James Madison and Monroe went from tired, will be glad to know that he is now reported the State Department to the White House. fully recovered from the injuries he sustained in When John Tyler of Virginia needed a Secretary an automobile accident last winter. of State it was in the tradition that he select a fel¬ low Virginian, Abel P. Upshur, who served until The Department immediately upon learning of his death on February 28, 1844. the Morro Castle disaster telegraphed to Habana From that day until now no Virginian has served to ascertain whether any members of the Foreign in the office held by so many illustrious predeces¬ Service or their families were passengers, and was sors. Growth of the Nation and a preponderant relieved to learn that none were aboard.

535 A Political Bookshelf

By CYRIL WYNNE, Department of State

THE WORLD COURT, 1921-1934, a Handbook of lished” and that “it stands to-day thoroughly im¬ the Permanent Court of International Justice: bedded in the world’s treaty law7.” The legal Fourth Edition, Revised and Brought up to date. practitioner, even though he may be opposed to By Manley 0. Hudson. (Boston, World Peace the United States entering the Court, will not Foundation, 1934. Pp. viii, 301. $2.50). dispute the accuracy of this statement. Sections II and III of the book consist of tables Many elaborate treatises on the Permanent entitled “Chronology of the World Court” and Court of International Justice have been written “Members of the Court” (pages 10-13). Tables but few of them contain such a mine of informa¬ are generally dry, if not painful reading, and tion about the Court as this compact little volume. these run true to form, but they contain data and Although he is one of the outstanding advocates information which will save one much tiresome of the United States becoming a member of the labor in checking titles, names, dates, et cetera. Court, Professor Hudson does not appear in the Parts IV and V may be described as summaries pages of the volume as such an advocate. He writes with but one objective before him—to of the “Judgments and Orders of the Court” present the facts. He hews to the line of this (pages 14-79) and “Advisory Opinions of the Court” (pages 80-145). The main principle of objective and tells the casual reader who desires 7 law laid down in each judgment or advisory to know something about the Court what that opinion is printed in heavy type at the head of tribunal is, its history and how it functions. It may be added that not only the casual reader, the various summaries mentioned. In this manner the reader can gain an idea of what each case was but the careful student of international affairs, will find the book more than worth while. about, the issues involved and the decision or opinion rendered on these issues. An idea of the Part I of the volume, entitled “History of the careful manner in which the author presents his World Court,” in spite of its brevity (pages 1-9) statements on the different cases may be gained is so replete with information that one is in¬ from the fact that in his discussion of the much clined to believe after reading it that although criticized “Lotus Case” (Judgment No. 9) Pro¬ the author makes no claim to being a historian fessor Hudson calls attention to the dissent of he could be a rather good one. Certainly he Judge John Bassett Moore. Dr. Hudson points possesses the gift of concise expression—possibly out that Judge Moore dissented “solely on the the result of his legal training. connection of the pending case w7ith Article 6 of He begins with the statement that “the idea the Turkish Penal Code” and that he “concurred of a world court to which nations might carry in ‘the judgment of the Court that there is no rule their differences for judicial settlement has stirred of international law7 by virtue of which the penal in men’s minds for many centuries.” He might cognizance of a collision at sea, resulting in loss have gone back to ancient Egypt but is content to of life, belongs exclusively to the country of the refer briefly to Pierre Dubois’ and Emeric Cruce’s ship by or by means of wdiich the wrong was well-known suggestions for such a court in 1305 done’” (page 44). and 1623. “But it was not,” Dr. Hudson points Foreign Service Officers who have studied under out. “until the nineteenth century that it became Professor Hudson will recall that official docu¬ a matter of practical consideration by statesmen ments have a special appeal to him. Needless and students of international relations.” to say, therefore, one finds under the headings Brief, but comprehensive, paragraphs are de¬ “Instruments relating to the Court” (Part VII. voted to “The Permanent Court of Arbitration,” pages 154-215) and “Proposed Ratification by the the “Proposed Permanent Court of Arbitral Jus¬ United States” (Part IX, pages 217-289) a com¬ tice,” “The Permanent Court of International Jus¬ pilation of documents concerning the Court and tice,” the election of members of the latter Court, the proposed ratification mentioned, which tell its jurisdiction, the “Proposed Revision of the the story in the official language of the documents Statute” and the “Proposed Adhesion of the United in question. These two sections supplement the States.” brief “history” in the first section of the book The author concludes his “history” with the terse and make it possible for the reader to trace the statement that “the Court is now7 firmly estab¬ various steps in the organization and develop- 536 ment of the Court beginning with the Resolution of the First Assembly of the League of Nations, TEN YEARS AGO adopted on December 13, 1920, approving the (From JOURNAL of October, 1924) draft of the statute prepared by the Council The Editors take pleasure in presenting in this, under Article 14 of the Covenant of the League the October, 1934, issue, the Tenth Anniversary of Nations (page 154). Number of the AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL. Professor Hudson is to be congratulated for The JOURNAL’S staff ten years ago included: preparing such a work. As Mr. Ake Hammar- Felix Cole, Editor; J. Theodore Marriner, Has- skjold, Registrar of the Court, said in comment¬ ell H. Dick, and F. Lammot Belin, Associate Editors; Edwin C. Wilson, Business Manager; ing on a previous edition of the book, it is “the Irving N. Linnell and Thomas M. Wilson, As¬ most clear, comprehensive and compact hand¬ sociate Business Managers; and Edward L. book on the Court which has so far appeared/’ Reed, Treasurer. The cooperation of officers in the field and aug¬ GERMANY UNDER THE TREATY. By William H. mented revenue from advertisers have made it Dawson. (New York: Longmans, Green and Com¬ possible to increase the number of pages of the JOURNAL from 36 in 1924 to 60 in 1934, to intro¬ pany, 1933. Pp. 421. $3.00.) duce the use of color, and to increase the use of A study of the effects of the Treaty of Versailles illustrations approximately fifty per cent. If all readers will assist the JOURNAL by contributing upon Germany. The first two chapters attempt stories, articles and photographs, and suggestions, to tell what actually happened in the negotiation it is believed that the Service organ will be able of the treaty. It may be questioned if these further to expand and do this in accordance with chapters are entirely fair to the position of Presi¬ the desires of the greater part of the Service. dent Wilson during the course of these negotia¬ In a congratulatory greeting to the Foreign Serv¬ tions. ice, upon the “happy coordination” of the Diplo¬ The author is more convincing in his dis¬ matic and Consular branches, Secretary Charles E. cussion of the “Polish Corridor,” conditions in Hughes said “. . I trust that the phrase ‘Foreign Danzig, in Upper Silesia and the question of Service’ will never become hackneyed. ... It means hard work, unfailing loyalty, deserved distinction. minority treatment in Poland. A valuable con¬ . . . Keep up the zest of intimate study. There is tribution to the literature of the post-war period. no post which will not yield valuable returns in knowledge and experience. . . .” THE CHINESE, THEIR HISTORY AND CULTURE. A photograph was printed of a silver tray pre¬ By Kenneth Scott Latourette. (New York: The sented by the Consuls in Great Britain and Ireland Macmillan Company, 1934. Two volumes. Pp. to Mr. Robert P. Skinner on the occasion of his xiv, 506. 389.) transfer to Paris as Consul General in “token of regard and affection.” The first volume presents a general history of the Chinese people from the earliest times to the “C I = Current Information” by a newspaper year 1933 while the second volume contains es¬ correspondent, who insisted on anonymity, outlined says on their government, economic and social the functions of one of the most active of the De¬ life, religion, language, and literature. Recom¬ partment’s divisions as seen by a journalist. mended to Foreign Service Officers as a valuable “Kubla Khan’s Hunting Palace” was contributed work to read before serving at the Legation at by Samuel Sokobin. Peiping or at consular missions in China. Departmental Order No. 310, abolishing “D I” RECENT POLITICAL THOUGHT. By Francis W. (Diplomatic Bureau) and “C O” (Consular Bu¬ reau) and directing various other administrative Coker. (New York and London, D. Appleton- changes for the carrying out of the Rogers Act, Century Company, 1934. Pp. ix, 574.) was reprinted.

A study of contemporary political thought by That humor may be found in Treasury Decisions an outstanding authority in the field of political was demonstrated by “Is Birds Birds—Or Ain’t theory. Unlike so many of these authorities They?” Professor Coker writes in a manner that can be understood by the casual reader who is inter¬ J. L. Pinkerton, in an article on Natal, described the wattle. Incidentally, he anticipated enterprising ested in the subject. Chicago’s use of the phrase “A century- of progress” The philosophy of fascism, communism, nation¬ in referring to the Centenary of Natal. al socialism and political pluralism is considered in detail and compared with the “nineteenth cen¬ “The Spragues of Gibraltar” was a brief history tury individualist world view.” of that famous American consular family.

537 News from the Field

DAIREN MANCHESTER Tlie wide field for interesting travel in Man¬ Consul and Mrs. Alfred R. Thomson and Vice churia attracts American military, naval and For¬ Consul and Mrs. Wallace E. Moessner were among eign Service officers stationed in China. Among those especially invited to witness the ceremonies such travelers who passed through Dairen was in connection with the visit of the King and Queen Lieutenant William T. Kenny, Navy Language of England to Manchester on July 17, when His Student attached to the Legation at Peiping. Mr. Majesty laid the corner-stone of the Town Hall Ex¬ Paul Meyer, Second Secretary of the Legation at tension and officially opened the new Central Li¬ Peiping, and Airs. Meyer spent May Day in Dairen brary. In design and equipment the circular main as the guests of Consul and Mrs. Vincent, after a reading room of this library is similar to that of holiday in Japan. Consul Vincent states that the the Congressional Library in Washington. route on return from Japan to China via Dairen as opposed to the direct steamer journey is recom¬ W. E. M. mended as affording an opportunity of a short visit at Dairen with a minimum of delay and extra ex¬ BUDAPEST pense. He desires it to be known that “the Vincents Before departing from Budapest on home leave, are at home” to those who adopt this recommenda¬ Minister John F. Montgomery was the host on the tion. night of July 11th to a large number of friends on Just to remind one that Foreign Service officers board the yacht Zsofia. Among those who enjoyed indulge in pastimes other than golf and tennis, it the evening on the Danube were the American Min¬ is a pleasure to record that Consul Vincent won the Dairen Club bowling championship for 1933- ister to Austria and Mrs. George S. Messersmith, 34 with a high score for the season of 257, which, Hon. John Pelenyi, Hungarian Minister to the no doubt, is fully intelligible to bowlers. United States, who is now on leave in Budapest, A. G. and Mr. and Mrs. Benjamin Reath Riggs. Mr. Riggs recently assumed his duties here as Secretary of Legation. BRISBANE While our motto is “The customer is always Consul A. R. Preston held a reception at the right,” sometimes we almost doubt it. The other Consulate from 10:30 a.m. to 12:30 p.m. on July day a visa-applicant appeared with four photo¬ fourth. Many of the leading business men and graphs of himself, printed on heavy paper and officials of Brisbane called, and although it was an pasted on a sheet of thin paper. That customer exceedingly wet day the attendance was good, over was following the instruction on the information 70 placing their names in the register. sheet for applicants which requires them to present The National broadcasting station at Brisbane four photographs on thin paper. featured an Independence Day program from 8 to Another applicant was instructed to sign his 8:30 in the evening, consisting of American music, name just as it appeared in his application. In¬ chiefly patriotic airs and southern melodies. Dur¬ stead of affixing his signature, he tried laboriously ing this session a short talk on Independence Day to print his name exactly as it appeared in type¬ was broadcast by Consul Preston. written form in the application. He is a close rela¬ A. R. P. tive of Mr. Milquetoast. 538 JHE AMERICAN pOREIGN gERVICE JOURNAL

NAPLES SHANGHAI The battleships Arkansas and Wyoming arrived On August 3rd, Consul General Cunningham an¬ at Naples at 8 a.m. July 14 and were here for one nounced the engagement of Vice Consul Julius week. The week in question was a very busy one Wadsworth to Miss Cleome Carroll of Eugene, marked by a steady flow of bumboats from the bat¬ Oregon, at an afternoon party given in their honor tleships at anchor before the Santa Lucia basin to by Consul and Mrs. R. P. Butrick. Those present the wharf directly in front of the Consulate General. included the officers and American employees of Many were the official calls and salutes. After the Departments of State, Commerce, Agriculture the Arkansas and the Wyoming had left one could and Treasury in Shanghai as well as the Com¬ look back with pleasure on the favorable impression mander of the 4th U. S. Marines, Colonel John C. that the officers and midshipmen and the enlisted Beaumont, and a few close friends of the engaged men left the Italian officials and the Neapolitans couple. Miss Carroll is a direct descendant of themselves. High spots during the visit were a tea- Charles Carroll. dance given by the Municipality of Naples on the Mr. Wadsworth cordially invites members of the roof-garden of the Royal Hotel to the officers and Department and of the Foreign Service to his wed¬ midshipmen of both ships; a dinner given by the ding to Miss Carroll at Trinity Church, Middle- Admiralty to Admiral Ellis and his staff, the Com¬ town. Connecticut, Saturday, October 20, 4 p.m., manding Officers of the two ships and the Consul and to the reception in his family’s home, “Long General, which was followed by as brilliant a ball Hill.” Middletown is in the center of Connecticut, as had been seen in Naples for quite a while. one-half hour from Hartford or thirty-five minutes Trips were organized and financed by the Italian from New Haven. Navy for the midshipmen and enlisted men for the Consul General Cunningham resumed charge of environs of Naples, while large parties were organ¬ the office on July 16, after a two weeks’ holiday at ized for two trips to Rome. The Consul General Port Arthur. Consul Josselyn left the following gave a dinner for Admiral Ellis and the Captains day for a month a Tsingtao, where his family is of the two ships and the Naval Attache and Mrs. summering. Vice Consul Hedley V. Cooke, Jr., McNair from Rome, and also a luncheon for thirty and Mr. E. S. Williams spent the major portion of of the junior officers. On July 18, Admiral Ellis July in Japan. returned from Rome with the American Ambas¬ R. P. B. sador and a formal luncheon was given aboard the Arkansas attended by Admiral Burzagli and his NAIROBI staff, the Consul General and the ranking officers During the Easter holiday a small party from of both ships. This was followed by a reception the Nairobi Consular Corps made a trip to Nyeri at and dance on board during which Admiral Bur¬ the base of Mount Kenya. On the eve of their zagli. in the name of the King of Italy, conferred arrival it was necessary to go into the village to get the decorations of Grand Officer of the Crown of an increase of food supplies. One member of the Italy on Admiral Ellis, Commander of the Crown party who knew the road volunteered to go. On on Captains Coffey and Coman and Cavalier of the the way to town the young lady struck a hole in the Crown on the Flag Lieutenant and Flag Secretary road, overturning the car, which finally came to of Admiral Ellis. rest with its wheels in the air. Consul Shantz wired The Prince of Piedmont accorded a private audi¬ to Vice Consul Thomason in Nairobi to come to ence to Admiral Ellis, and his return visit on the their rescue. The following morning Vice Consul Arkansas was carried out with full royal honors. Thomason started off at daylight with the idea of He appeared to be quite interested in the American bringing the party back to Nairobi, but over a road battleships. on which he had traveled many times, he took a Immediately after the departure of the Arkansas wrong turn and did not reach Nyeri until after and the Wyoming came a visit of two coast-guard dark, having traveled over 250 miles through the vessels, the S. S. Sebago and S. S. Cayuga. Upon native reserve to do a journey of only 90 miles. the suggestion of the Consul General it was decided Mr. Thomason was lost and had to be piloted back that the coast-guard vessels would, besides visiting to Nyeri. In the meantime, Mr. Shantz and his Naples, pay a visit to Capri. They were the first party conceived the idea that their telegram had naval vessels to do so in centuries. A ball was gone astray and procured another car to carry them given at the Hotel Quisisana and they enjoyed back to Nairobi. Thus began and ended a pleasant themselves thoroughly. Easter holiday spent at the base of snow clad H. M. B., JR. Mount Kenya. 539 THE AMERICAN pOREIGN gERVICE JOURNAL

YOKOHAMA under the auspices of one of the Japanese news¬ papers and by this gesture returned in some mea¬ As usual, Yokohama was included this year in sure the hospitality which was so generously shown the itineraries of the world cruising de luxe steam¬ the members of the fleet by the Japanese officials as ers, the Lurline of the Matson Company, the Em¬ well as by the civilian population. The American press of Britain of the Canadian Pacific Line, and Association of Yokohama, of whose executive com¬ the Resolute of the Hamburg American Line. In mittee Vice Consuls Benninghoff and Merrill are consequence. Foreign Service Officers in Yokohama members, arranged a Smoker for the enlisted men and Tokyo were occupied with personal friends on April 24. and bearers of personal and official letters of in¬ Vice Consul H. Merrell Benninghoff, who is a troduction. bit of an ace among the local tennis players, added Consul General and Mrs. Arthur C. Frost from some new trophy cups to his already formidable Calcutta were passengers on the Resolute en route collection. to the United States on home leave. Vice Consul and Mrs. Gregor C. Merrill, who The U. S. S. Gold Star paid one of its periodic were married in Yokohama late last summer, took visits to Yokohama during the first week of April. their long deferred honeymoon trip by paying a The Gold Star is a transport type vessel and is the visit to China early in May. connecting link for the inhabitants of Guam with A. G. the less remote parts of the world. Besides keeping the navy personnel of the island and others sup¬ CAPETOWN plied with provisions, it affords to the wives and The New Education Conference held a session at children and some of the husbands relief from the Capetown from July 2 to July 14, 1934, to which trying climate of a tropical post. The Misses Laura leading educationalists from the United States and' Mae and Lois Alexander, daughters of the Gover¬ many countries in Europe came as delegates. nor of Guam, were among the Gold Star passengers. The unofficial visit of the American Destroyer Among the American delegates were Professor Squadron of the Asiatic Fleet which called at Yo¬ John Dewey, Professor Mabel Carney, Professor kohama and Kobe afforded an opportunity to For¬ Rugg, Professor McKinley Robinson and others eign Service Officers to meet old navy friends. prominent in educational circles. The Consul Captain Edwin A. Wolleson, commanding the General had the pleasure of having two of the squadron, was executive officer of the Des Moines, American delegates as house guests during the which based at Alexandria, Egypt, from 1915 to conference. __ 1917, when Consul General Garrels was stationed at that post. The younger Foreign Service and JOHANNESBURG Navy officers enjoyed their “yarns” of those belli¬ For many years it has been the custom to open cose days. the Consulate in Johannesburg on the Fourth of Vice Consul Andrew W. Edson, en route to Muk¬ July between the hours of 11 a.m. and 1 p.m. in den, called at the Consulate during the first week in order that American citizens, officials of the city,, April. and prominent business people dealing in Amer¬ Consul and Mrs. Richard F. Boyce assisted the ican goods, may register their names. On July 4th foreign community in Yokohama in a drive for of this year more persons called at the Consulate funds for relief work for the sufferers of the fire- than at any time during the past six years. It is devastated city of Hakodate by giving a “Silver estimated that approximately 150 persons called at Tea.” The guests numbered some seventy-five the Consulate to register their names and to present members of the foreign community in Yokohama. their congratulations on the American national Admiral Frank B. Upham, commanding the U. S. Asiatic Fleet, visited Yokohama on the flagship holiday, including the Mayor of Johannesburg, the Augusta to take part in the ceremonies of the fu¬ Acting American Commercial Attache, representa¬ neral of the late Admiral Togo. Captain Organ, tives of various public bodies, and American busi¬ Chief of Staff, who formerly wras Military Attache ness men. In the afternoon a reception was held at Tokyo, was able to renew acquaintances. The at the private residence of the Consul General and calls of the Augusta and the Destroyer Squadron approximately 250 people called to pay their re¬ entailed much top-hatting and frock-coating on the spects. part of Consul Boyce and his staff in connection According to custom, a baseball match was with visits to local officials. played on the Sunday preceding the Fourth of July. The orchestra of the Black Hawk, flagship of the At this match the American team was beaten. Destroyer Squadron, played at Yokohama Park M. K. M. 540 JHE AMERICAN pOREIGN gERVICE JOURNAL

LONDON abroad, and is especially interested in the technique Dr. Graham Stuart, Professor of International of diplomatic and consular work which is not cov¬ Law and Relations of the Department of Political ered by international law. Science at Stanford University, who is preparing a Every officer will indeed consider it a privilege text book on diplomatic and consular procedure, to meet Dr. Stuart, than whom there is no warmer spent part of the month of August in London visit¬ and more enthusiastic admirer and supporter of ing the American Embassy and Consulate General our Service. F. C. G. to gather further data for his work. Dr. Stuart is the Editor of “Stanford Books in World Politics'’ ROTTERDAM and has written extensively on foreign affairs. Out¬ The officers and members of the staff of the Con¬ standing amongst his books are “French Foreign sulate at Rotterdam, as well as the many friends of Policy,” “The International City of Tangier,” Consul General and Mrs. Carol H. Foster in the “Latin America and the United States,” and “The Netherlands, while wishing them every success in Governmental System of Peru.” Dr. Stuart is now Mr. Foster’s new post at Sao Paulo, Brazil, very making an exhaustive study of every activity of the much regretted their departure from Holland. American Foreign Service and of its organization. The American Men’s Club of the Netherlands Since Professor Stuart was formerly a student of gave a farewell dinner to Mr. Foster at the Hague, the Ecole de Sciences Politiques of Paris, with the attended by all of the members of the club. expectation of entering our Foreign Service, he can The American Women’s Club gave a farewell fully appreciate the many and difficult problems luncheon to Mrs. Foster at the Hague, attended by which are involved in the transaction of interna¬ the American women residing in Rotterdam and tional affairs. As a firm believer in the necessity the Plague. Mrs. Gips, the president, on behalf of of having highly trained and efficient officers to the club, expressed the sorrow of the members at represent our Government abroad, Dr. Stuart now Mrs. Foster’s departure and presented her with an plans to portray and to emphasize in his new book attractive gift as a token from her many friends in the ever growing value and importance of our For¬ Holland. eign Service, either directly or indirectly, to every The officers and staff of the Consulate at Rotter¬ American citizen at home and abroad. dam presented Mr. Foster with a silver cocktail The San Francisco Chronicle recently published shaker and tray as a parting remembrance. The an article by Dr. Stuart pointing out the financial presentation was made by Miss Johanna Koolen, plight of our Foreign Service due to reduced ap¬ who recently reached the twentieth anniversary of propriations for the State Department (now so hap¬ her service in the Consulate. pily remedied). Dr. Stuart’s article was used in the hearings before the Foreign Relations Commit¬ ADELAIDE tee in Congress to give an unbiased and authorita¬ Americans in Adelaide gathered at the home of tive picture of the tragic plight to which our Serv¬ the Consul on the evening of the Fourth were glad ice had been brought. Shortly before his arrival to be remembered by two of the local radio broad¬ in London Dr. Stuart delivered a series of lectures casting stations. The national station 5CL had ar¬ on diplomatic and consular procedure at the ranged a nationwide broadcast by Professor Portus Plague Academy of International Law. His lectures of Adelaide University, and the privately owned were attended by many government officials and station 5DN put on a half-hour program of music students of diplomacy. The Honorable Grenville with an address by Rev. C. W. Johnson, an Amer¬ T. Emmet, American Minister to the Netherlands, ican citizen. and Mr. Warden McK. Wilson, First Secretary of Mr. Johnson entitled his address “Independence Legation at the Hague, attended the lecture devoted and Interdependence,” and gave a message from particularly to diplomatic functions and problems. the Consul in which he said that Americans today Before returning to the United States Dr. Stuart cherished as heartily as at any time in the history intends to visit most of the diplomatic and con¬ of their country the lofty principles enunciated at sular establishments in Europe and the Near East. Philadelphia 158 years ago. Under the leadership His present field study of the American Foreign of their President, however, they now realized that Service in action was announced in one of the De¬ the privileges of democracy might be retained only partment’s mimeographed instructions. Dr. Stuart by integrating the principle of interdependence, na¬ is the bearer of a letter of introduction from the tionally and internationally. Honorable Cordell Hull, Secretary of State, ad¬ H. M. W. dressed to all American Foreign Service Officers (Continued to page 566) 541 Foreign Service Change*

The following changes have occurred in the Rufus H. Lane, Jr., of Falls Church. Va., Foreign Service since August 14, 1934, and up to American Consul at Patras, Greece, assigned Con¬ September 15, 1934. sul at Calcutta, India. Career Charles W. Lewis, Jr., of Ann Arbor, , The assignment to Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, of American Consul at Madras, India, assigned Con¬ Charles E. Allen of Maysville, Ky., now Ameri¬ sul at Izmir, Turkey. can Consul at Istanbul, has been cancelled. Brockholst Livingston of Westport, N. Y., George V. Allen, of Durham, N. C., American American Vice Consul at Colombo, Ceylon, as¬ Vice Consul at Shanghai, China, now in the signed Vice Consul at Oslo, Norway. United States, assigned Vice Consul at Patras, George W. Renchard of Detroit, Michigan, Greece. American Vice Consul and Third Secretary of Charles A. Bay of St. Paul, Minn., Second Legation at Baghdad, Iraq, assigned Vice Consul Secretary of Embassy at Rome, Italy, assigned at Colombo, Ceylon. Consul at Canton, China. Donald H. Robinson of Glen Ridge, N. J., William E. DeCourcy of Texas, American Con¬ American Vice Consul at Calcutta, India, now in sul at Paris, France, assigned Consul at Cape¬ the United States, resigned from the Service town, Union of South Africa. effective on August 18, 1934. Ray Fox of Glenn, California, American Con¬ Horace H. Smith of Xenia, Ohio, American sul at Berlin, Germany, now in the United States, Vice Consul at Canton, China, assigned Vice assigned Consul at Habana, Cuba. Consul at Chefoo, China. Hugh S. Fullerton of Springfield, Ohio, Second Arthur F. Tower of Rochester, N. Y., Foreign Secretary of Legation at Helsingfors, Finland, as¬ Service Officer at Bangkok. Siam, designated, signed Consul at Paris. under recess appointment, Second Secretary of Gerhard Gade of Lake Forest, 111., Second Sec¬ Legation and Consul at Bangkok. retary of Legation at Athens, Greece, designated Second Secretary of Embassy at Rome, Italy. Fletcher Warren of Wolfe City, Texas, Ameri¬ can Consul at Budapest, Hungary, designated, William P. George of Gadsden, Alabama, under recess appointment, Second Secretary of American Consul at Izmir, Turkey, assigned Legation and Consul at Managua, Nicaragua. Consul and Second Secretary of Legation at Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Leroy Webber of Buffalo, N. Y., American Consul at Chefoo, China, assigned Consul at Paul J. Gray of Lewiston, Me., American Vice Madras, India. Consul at Stuttgart, Germany, designated, under recess appointment, Third Secretary of Legation Non-Career at Montevideo, Uruguay. Lampton Berry of Columbia, Miss., clerk in Edward M. Groth of New Rochelle, N. Y., the American Consulate at Durban, Union of American Consul at Capetown, Union of South South Africa, appointed Vice Consul at that Africa, assigned Consul at Calcutta, India. post. Paul R. Josselyn of Cedar Rapids, Iowa, Ameri¬ Lyle C. Himmel of Hiron, S. D., American can Consul at Hankow, China, assigned Consul Vice Consul at Buenaventura, Colombia, ap¬ General at Hankow. pointed Vice Consul at Rangoon, India. Reginald S. Kazanjian of Newport, R. I., Julius C. Jensen of Casper, Wyo., American American Vice Consul at Rangoon, India, now in \ ice Consul at Oslo, Norway, appointed Vice the United States, designated Third Secretary of Consul at Stuttgart, Germany. Legation and Vice Consul at Bogota, Colombia. (Continued to page 544) 542 JHE /^MERICAN pOREIGN gERVICE JOURNAL

BUY AMERICAN? Banking Service If the quality is as good or better, For Foreign Service Officers the price as low or lower, and if equally convenient, certainly yes; buy American goods and service. To members of the For¬ AS TO INSURANCE eign Service stationed at their various posts of duty a bank¬ a. On your household goods dur¬ ing shipment we offer policies at rates ing connection in Washington, we guarantee no higher than similar D. C., ofttimes proves in¬ policies of foreign underwriters, and valuable. you have only to fill out the blanks on file at your Consulate or, easier yet, The American Security and write us a letter, giving the value, Trust Company located in destination, approximate date and Washington has for forty- route of your shipment. four years served among b. On your goods in your resi¬ other clients many distin¬ dence (and also during shipment) guished persons in the For¬ and personal baggage taken on jour¬ neys, our unique Government Service eign Service. Policy covers fire, theft and other Through modern facilities risks at 2 per cent per year. the American Security is pre¬ c. On baggage, jewelry and furs all risks, and on silverware, we offer pared to render a dependable special policies. banking and trust service. AS TO PACKING AND SHIPPING AMERICAN SECURITY Security (steel) lift vans, if avail¬ / j> AND TRUST* COMPANY » f able, are most economical because the cubic tare is less than in any 15TH AND PENNSYLVANIA AVE. others, and they provide the utmost WASHINGTON, D. C. protection and convenience.

CAPITAL $3,400,000 SURPLUS $3,400,000 j&rurrtgj&QPflgp (Jorapang MEMBER OP FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM of UJashinghjn

1140 Fifteenth Street, Washington The Security Storage Company was established in 1890 as the Storage Department of the American Security <& A safe depository for 44 years Trust Co. and is still closely associated with that com¬ pany. The Northwest Branch of the American Security dc Trust Co. is in the building of the Security Storage Co. at 1140 Fifteenth Street. European Office: 31 Place du Marche St. Honore, Paris 543 FOREIGN SERVICE CHANGES Appleton & Cox, Inc. (Continued from page 542) U nderwriters Basil F. Macgowan of Tennessee, now a clerk at Kaunas, Lithuania, appointed Vice Consul at 8 South. William Street that post. Henry J. Post of New York, American Vice NEW YORK Consul at Bangkok. Siam, died at his post on July 26, 1934. Jones R. Trowbridge of Augusta, Ga., Ameri¬ ALL FORMS OF MARINE can Vice Consul at Cartagena, Colombia, ap¬ pointed Clerk in the American Legation at Addis AND INLAND INSURANCE Ababa, Ethiopia.

Specializing in DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE INSURANCE ON JEWELRY, PERSONAL Several recent transfers within the Foreign EFFECTS, AND HOUSEHOLD Commerce Service include: Mr. Frederic D. GOODS IN TRANSIT Grab, formerly assigned to Caracas, Venezuela, but recently Chief of the Foreign Office Section and Liaison Officer, sailed September 12 for Agents: London to which post he has been transferred as SECURITY STORAGE COMPANY an Assistant Commercial Attache. Mr. Gardner 1140 Fifteenth Street Richardson, formerly Commercial Attache at Washington, D. C. Vienna, but who has been on duty in Washing¬ ton for the past year, has been re-assigned to take charge of the Vienna office. Air. T. L. Hughes, who has been Commercial Attache at Vienna, is being transferred in the same capacity to Brus¬ sels. Mr. J. B. Richards, whose last foreign post was Calcutta, left for Manila, to which post lie has been appointed Trade Commissioner in charge. Mr. D. G. Clark, formerly at Johannes¬ burg, and more recently of the Philadelphia Dis¬ trict Office of the Bureau, has been transferred to Buenos Aires as Assistant Trade Commissioner. Assistant Commercial Attache Robert Glover from Mexico City has recently returned to the States for leave. Two foreign commerce officers have recently been assigned to the field: Mr. John L. McBride sailed on September 4 for Rome where he is to be Commercial Attache and Mr. Joseph N. Ben¬ ners on August 29 to The Hague as Assistant Trade Commissioner.

THE WILBERFORCE MONUMENT The first stone of the Wilberforce Monument at Hull. England, was laid on August 1. 1834. The date was incorrectly stated on page 463 of the Sep¬ tember JOURNAL through an error over which the Editors had no control, hut which they regret. 544 JHE AMERICAN fOREIGN gERVICE JOURNAL

BIRTHS Born, a son, Hector, to Vice Consul and Mrs. Alfonso F. Yepis, at Guaymas, August 5, 1934. A son, John Godfrey Lowell Cabot, was born on Thoughts of August 8, 1934, to Mr. and Mrs. John M. Cabot, at Rio de Janeiro, where Mr. Cabot is Third Secretary of Embassy. WASHINGTON Bom at Carshalton, Surrey, England, on Sep¬ tember 6, 1934, a daughter, Tatiana, to Mr. and Mrs. Samuel Henry McKinney. Mr. McKinney is clerk at the American Embassy in London. FOREIGN Service MARRIAGES Officers Have A Particular Bingham-Morrison. Hiram Bingham, Jr., Third Interest In The Many Secretary at London and Miss Rose Lawton Mor¬ Activities of Government. rison were married on September 8, 1934, at Waycross, Georgia. • When next you visit Minter-Franchot. John R. Minter, of the Divi¬ The Capital, stay at the insti¬ sion of Western European Affairs, Department of tution where international per¬ State, and Miss Elizabeth Franchot were married sonages reside and great events in Washington, D. C., on September 7, 1934. occur. Abbott-Kloumann. Married on June 30, 1934, at Oslo, George M. Abbott, Third Secretary at Riga, Single Rooms from $4 and Miss Else Kloumann. Double Rooms from $6 Subject to a Diplomatic FOR T WENTY-EICHT Y EARS Discount we have photographed the majority of our diplomatic and consular officers, and can supply MR. R. L. POLLIO, photographs of practically every “National Manager Notable.'” When in Washington, let us add your negative to our collection. HARRIS & EWINC 1313 F STREET N. W. WASHINGTON, D. C. Phone National 8700

Our advertisers are friends of the Service and of the JOURNAL. If you cooperate with them whenever possible, and mention the JOURNAL MAYFLOWER to them, it will help your Staff to WAS HIN GTOHD.C. produce a better and more useful publication.

545 THE AMERICAN pOREIGN gERVICE JOURNAL ^

WHERE DO WE GO? force. Flat Rock, two miles distant from Hender¬ sonville, contains some magnificent estates and I (Continued from page 5211 learn of one recently that sold for SI6,500 which had previously changed hands at $65,000. This is finished. The numerous lakes and streams af¬ will illustrate what has happened to real estate ford ample opportunity for those fond of fishing, in this vicinity. and hunting is enjoyed during the winter and Comfortable homes at the present time can be game is plentiful. purchased in the city or in its environs for from There are no better roads for motorists to be four to six thousand dollars, and these include a found in any part of the United States and it is garden, well stocked with fine trees and shrubbery, immaterial in which direction you travel as you and a garage. Including 4% interest on the coot cannot make a mistake, the scenery being truly of a home, a retired officer with a wife and one magnificent in all directions and at certain sea¬ dependent child should be able to live comfortably sons of the year, for instance when the mountain and well here in a modest way for an outlay not iaurel and rhododendrons are in bloom, the word to exceed $2,000 to $2,500 per annum. gorgeous feebly describes it! It might he well to mention that the mortgage In 1926 Hendersonville experienced a real es¬ interest rate here is 6% and that city, state, and tate boom which collapsed two years later. Today county taxes are $2.57 on a 60% valuation, and prices of real estate are in many cases less than that outside of the city limits they are 97c. These those prevailing before the boom started, the rea¬ figures are for the present fiscal year and it is son being that a very large amount of desirable expected the rates for the ensuing year will be property is owned by mortgage companies which less. I am not in the real estate business and my are themselves in liquidation and they are often only object in writing this article is to throw a willing to sell at prices much below the amount life line to any of my former colleagues who are of the original loan. Meantime vacant houses so wallowing in the morass of uncertainty, and help owned can be had on short leases at very low pull them ashore. If. therefore, any of my read¬ rentals; hut such leases always contain a clause ers desire specific information on any matters not that the tenant must vacate on 60 days’ notice dealt with. I shall be pleased to answer their in¬ provided the property is sold. This no doubt quiries, addressed to 631 4th Avenue West, Hen¬ accounts in a large measure for the low rents in dersonville, N. C.

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Photo Courtesy of Leiand B. Morris THE LADIES OF THE OFFICIAL STAFF AT ATHENS Left to right, lower step: Mrs. Lincoln MacVeagh, Mrs. Albert E. Clattenburg, Jr. Above: Mrs. Leiand B. Mor¬ ris, Mrs. Langley Whitley, Mrs. Carl L. Rankin, Miss Yvonne de Zaba, Miss Peggy MacVeagh, Mrs. Carlton C. Lewis (Mother of Mrs. MacVeagh), Miss Penelope Lewis. 546 iiiiiiiiiiiifi[iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii!iiiiiii!iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii!iiiiiiiiiimj; To oWembers of the FOREIGN SERVICE:

[F YOU can take photographs that portray the scenic beauties and interpret the every¬ day life and customs of other lands, then THE NATIONAL GEOCRAPHIC MACAZINE wants to see those pictures. Our readers are eager to know more about the ever-changing world overseas they may never have the opportunity to explore. You can help to satisfy their thirst for knowledge by shar¬ ing with them your travel observations in picture and prose. Why not offer your photographs and human- interest articles to THE GEOCRAPHIC? By so doing you will also help to promote interna¬ tional understanding and the friendship of nations. THE GEOCRAPHIC pays liberally for all material it publishes. Ask us to mail you a copy of our illustrated booklet describing the kind of photographs required.

GILBERT GROSVENOR, Photograph by Violet Ohlsen LITT.D., LL.D., Editor. Native Musicians in the Jungles of Ecuador THE NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC MAGAZINE, WASHINGTON, D.C. lllllfNIIIIIIIIIII|II!l!lll!!ll AMERICAN ARTIST thinking of how cruelly I had already drawn on his meager energy I goaded: (Continued from page 525J “You also painted Alfred Gilbert, Herbert Spen¬ Hotel Univers in Tours, while a young officer in cer, George Meredith and the great Bismarck, the American Army. I had asked the hotel cash¬ didn’t you, Mr. Hamilton?” ier who the distinguished-looking man was in the “Yes, and many others,” he said. “Alfred Gil¬ adjoining room and then as the newspaperman bert, the modern Cellini, and the greatest of all within me prevailed, I had introduced myself and English sculptors was my friend. Cellini has tried to converse with him in my very poor French. given us the Persens and a number of small pieces; “Oh why, Monsieur France, do we not all speak Gilbert has enriched the field of English sculpture llie same language!” I had ejaculated in a moment with many noble monuments and a series of deco¬ of despair at being unable to express my thoughts. rative pieces that surpass in design and execution And then he withered, completely shriveled me the best of Cellini’s table ornaments.” with: “What about Bismarck?” I interposed. “You would make us all Fords. My friend, the “The incident or really scene which marked my Tower of Babel was a benediction, not a male¬ painting of him,” he said, “remains almost un¬ diction.” dimmed in my memory. Professor Anton Von Werner, who painted the historical pictures illus¬ The desired effect; Mr. Hamilton’s face again trating the War of 1870 in which Bismarck figures lighted up. He laughed heartily and moved him¬ so prominently, asked me to paint the great chan¬ self up again on his pillow and said: “The French cellor and arranged for my meeting him. I rent¬ are delightful. While I was painting Camille ed my English house to Sarah Bernhardt for the Flammarion, the eminent French astronomer, he season and hastened off to Germany. I break¬ amused me several times by declaring ‘cette planete fasted at Kissengen with the Prince and Princess est mal reussi.’ ” and was invited by the former to come again. It As yet I had not heard why my illustrious host was just after his break with the Emperor and he had telegraphed me to come to him. Without had subsequently been snubbed — at least he

547 thought so -— by the Austrian ruler. I remem¬ to say that the only solution to that would be bered how I was impressed by his entrance into the re-institution of slavery!” the salon of the palace. The Princess stepped for¬ As yet the venerable genius had not given me ward to greet him. On seeing me he drew himself an inkling of why he had wanted to see me. His up. frowning, and waited for me to speak. 1 said son, George, the celebrated astronomer, at this that I had come to pay my respects; that he had juncture explained why his artist father and his been kind enough to invite me to come again and mother had taken up their abode some ten years that I hoped he would be indulgent enough to ago in this “charming bit of England in the Jamai¬ grant my request for a sitting. He thundered out can hills.” They had come out to be with him that it was true that he had asked me to come and he had come “because in this tropical Para¬ again but not for a sitting. ‘Is it not enough to dise” he had found “the ideal place and climate for be besieged by all these people outside,’ he an observatory.” growled, ‘that you should also come to bother me? But the astronomer’s illustrious sire wras still Listen to that shouting; they want me to speak back in memory and still anxious to talk of art. to them.’ ” “John Swan always stood in a niche by him¬ Mr. Hamilton then explained how the Princess self,” the old man mused. “His art is precious, had asked Bismarck to say a word to the crowd like a jewel, to lie handled lovingly in the seclu¬ and how the latter had gone to the balcony and sion of a cabinet of treasures, not exposed to the shown himself. vulgar in the glare and blare of artificiality for “The noise outside was deafening,” he said; ostentation’s sake. “through the din I still heard his stentorian tones He loved art for its cunning and its craft, and asking why I had come to bother him. His great with deft and skilful fingers lingered long over form towered above me. Resentment had brought the making of it, full of the joy of creating. At the blood to his face. His eyes bulged from their times he could be swift and impress movement sockets, round and blazing, and his contracted and thought upon paper with a magic stroke of his brows had thrown the long, stiff hairs of his eye¬ crayon or chalk. Just as Manet and Monet sought brows bristling straight out like quills.” for light, Swan aimed for movement, watching The American painter was leaving the palace, always for feline grace and charm in the animals highly indignant over the treatment accorded him, that can purr as well as scream and bite. but, as he himself explains, entirely sympathetic “The suppleness of the cat tribe roused in him with the Prince’s enraged feelings. Dr. Chrysan- every artistic instinct, and Barye himself has not der ran after him and expostulated that Bismarck translated into bronze or stone the majestic poise would consider it a great breach of hospitality if of the kings of the jungle with more intuitive he did not stay for breakfast. skill. “I did not come all the way from London,” said “His line is full of serpent-like undulations, Hamilton, “to breakfast with the Prince; I came breaking, disappearing, blurring; it is played upon to paint him.” as a chord in music is vibrated subtly by the He then told how he returned and how after musician who moves you. Line is to drawing breakfast the Princess had told him that he could what a strophe is to music, a phrase to prose, sketch Bismarck, while the latter read his news¬ rhythm to poetry—it is God-given and never ac¬ paper. quired. “Prince Bismarck told me that he had only “Swan was a fine draughtsman, in the best sense, given sittings for one portrait,” said Mr. Hamil¬ for his very imperfections were full of unconscious ton. “He was a fluent conversationalist, his Eng¬ beauty.” lish was pungent and forcible. He talked of At this juncture the artist’s wife cautioned him drinking, of cocktails, and of wines, and told me that he should not further fatigue himself. that his doctor had said that a man might drink, “Tell the Consul why you telegraphed him to between the ages of twenty and seventy, fifty thou¬ come,” she urged. The old man, visibly worn by sand bottles of champagne without offending the the long conversation, seemed to be again imbued laws of health or the strict rules of temperance. wi th a new energy. T may have exceeded that number perhaps, to say My portrait of Gladstone, the one which is nothing of a fewr other liquors, such as beer and hung in the Tate Gallery,” he said, “I want my brandy,’ he confidentially informed me. We dis¬ people, some American or Americans interested cussed the social problems of England and in art, to present it to the National Gallery. This America. He thought the negro question a very is my last ambition. Englishmen, English artists serious matter for America, and did not hesitate have treated me, an American, as if I were one of 548 * Attractive lines—speed—comfort—these are the outstanding features of the new motor cars. They ride smoothly, accelerate quickly and be¬ cause of a greater reservoir of power, they are amazingly effective in emergencies. Yet these same cars ride even more smoothly—and with greater safety—on Airwheel Tyres.

Big, soft and comfortable, Airwheels leave no strain in all day driving, no exhaustion. A wide, flat tread gives more road contact, more trac¬ tion, more safety. They hug the road on curves, permit higher speeds—and their low pressure makes blowouts almost impossible. They add beauty to all cars.

Motorists everywhere are interested in Airwheels, as they prolong the life of old cars and make new cars the cynosure of envious eyes. It is easy to changeover to Airwheel Tyres—and in¬ expensive, too. See your Goodyear Dealer now.

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THE WORLD OVER MORE PEOPLE RIDE ON GOODYEAR TYRES THAN ANY OTHER MAKE

549 JHE AMERICAN pOREIGN gERVICE JOURNAL

their own. I commission you, my country’s rep¬ resentative here, to see that this, my last wish, is made known, is fulfilled.” Has Destiny ever been more cruel? Bereft of every faculty except a mind still keen enough to analyze and meditate throughout the long hours of night and day, on his erstwhile genius and his present incurable helplessness—such is the plight of this great American painter. As I arose to lake leave my eyes again rested on the exquisite picture of “Taffy’s” daughter; there, Svery modern facility for the safe handling as in all of Hamilton’s pastels, is the decidedly and care of household treasures. evanescent, will o the wisp, elusive beauty, bespeak¬ ing the spiritual. I houghts came so fast in the pres¬ ence of beauty and tragedy that they befuddled. FEDERAL STORAGE And as I drove back to the sea, to the palm- studded beach near Kingston on which the moon¬ lit waves of the Caribbean rolled like molten sil¬ COMPANY ver, the spirit of Morgan, the bold buccaneer, vanished: from a ship in the harbor lighted up 1707 Florida Avenue Washington like some mammoth lantern came the strains of the immortal “Serenade.” Emaciated, starved Schubert! While your beloved Vienna wined and danced! Poor Schubert! Poor Hamilton! Exclusive agent in Washington for “Oh. why should the spirit of Mortal be proud?” the internationally known and liked Bowling Green Lift Vans for for¬ Note: The full, page photograph by Mr. Corco¬ eign shipments of household effects ran, on page 522, is of Hamilton s “Mrs. Asquith.” The artist is said to have always referred to it as and art objects. World wide the “Dante-like profile.” service. TO THE JOURNAL’S CONTRIBUTORS General Foreign Representatives The JOURNAL goes to press on or about the twen¬ tieth day of each month. The Editors will be appreciative if contributors PARIS to “Notes from the Field” will, whenever prac¬ ticable, mail material in time to reach Washing¬ MAPLE & COMPANY ton at least twenty days prior to the date of the 29 Rue de la Jonquiere issue of the JOURNAL for which it is intended (for example, notes to be used in the January issue should reach the Editors not later than December 10). Brief accounts of events of particular importance LONDON to the Service can be used if received by the Editors prior to the 16th day of the month. MAPLE & COMPANY Stories and articles should be mailed as soon as 40 A Camden Street they become available since time is required for consideration by the Editorial Board, editing, proof reading, and the preparation of cuts. Material BERLIN of this character best fits the present make up of the JOURNAL if between 1800 and 3500 words in length GUSTAV KNAUER and accompanied by distinct photographs. Readers are reminded that the Editorial Board Wichmannstrasse 7-8 recently decided to make cash payments of from $5 to $20 for not more than three of the best articles or stories accepted for publication each month. 550 SIAM (Continued from page 529) A contribution to Siamese education has been made by American missionaries, from some of whom the rulers of the last century received instruction in Western learning. The first Siamese Distinguished members of printing press and type were brought to Siam in the Diplomatic Service fol¬ 1835 by American missionaries. The Bangkok low tradition in selecting Christian College, a self-supporting boys’ school The Plaza as their New under the direction of the American Presbyterian Mission, as is also the Wattana Wittaya Academy, York home. They find here a established in 1875 I the first institution provid¬ standard of excellence that ing for the education of girls in Siam), are institu¬ is known in all countries.

tions founded by Americans. The leading edu¬ Single rooms from $5. FACING CENTRAL PARK cational institution in Siam is Chulalongkorn University, in the establishment of which a substan¬ • A 25% discount from room charges is tial contribution was made by Americans con¬ allowed members of the Foreign Service. nected with missionary service. In 1851 the Royal HENRY A. ROST, PRESIDENT

Medical College was founded by an eminent JOHN D. OWEN. MANAGER American. To this institution, now known as Siriraj Hospital, the assistance of the Rockefeller Foundation represents a further share of American aid in Siam’s education, attesting the friendship which our country has always shown for Siam. The city of Bangkok, with over a million in¬ FIFTY-NINTH STREET AND FIFTH AVENUE habitants, has progressed rapidly in the past few years with many excellent schools, a splendid water supply system, electric railways and paved streets, indicating that its continued advancement is assured. The Siamese are a peace loving peo¬ ple and are the personification of politeness. Children are taught good manners from infancy HOMELIKE and regardless of their station in life are on all with a yan&tanm unequalled occasions courteous and respectful to a marked degree. elsewhere m jVew 1/ctL jt et leant if . Siam is a country of unique charm and attrac¬ tions for the traveler, presenting its characteristic • The Savoy-Plaza provides the homelike warmth and charm that beauty, an abundance of natural life notable even informed travellers demand, plus in the tropics, and some of the best big game superior service and an unsurpas^ hunting grounds of the Far East. The people and sed cuisine. Single rooms from $5. their characteristic traditions do not fail to inter¬ A 25% discount from room est those who are desirous of understanding the charges is allowed members of past and noting the development of ancient culture. the Foreign Service. Henry A. Rost, Managing Director

NINTH PAN AMERICAN SANITARY FIFTH AVE., 58th TO 59th STS. CONFERENCE The following delegates to the Ninth Pan Amer¬ ican Sanitary Congress to be held at Buenos Aires from November 12 to 22, 1934, have been ap¬ m pointed by the President: Surgeon General H. S. Gumming, of the Public Health Service, Chairman; Medical Director Boli¬ PLAZA var J. Lloyd, Public Health Service; Dr. Kendall OVERLOOKING CENTRAL PARK Emerson, Managing Director of the National Tuberculosis Association, New York.

551 The >\ew Post By JEAN L. BUTLER, Asuncion (With apologies to Alice Frankforter of the New Yorker)

YOUR first elation over the news. The excite¬ on the part of your children to speak fluently in ment about seeing South America. Alluring two weeks and condescendingly to translate for you. visions of tropical nights, scent of Frangipani and The search for a perfect house and the grim de¬ Magnolias, and yourself in white chiffon looking termination not to exceed a certain sum, which very exotic. Sudden annoying realization of the improbability of this. The decision to have a you do but assure yourself that it is certainly facial and to lose ten pounds. Letters to your Worth It. Moving into the house and the subse¬ family hinting at lingering tropical diseases but quent appalling discovery that by “unfurnished assurance that You Can Stand It. Disturbing house” is meant four walls and nothing more. The thought that perhaps you can’t results in furtive reluctant purchase of bathtub, kitchen stove, ice purchase of complete drug-store. The bottle of box, laundry tubs, pantry shelves and kitchen sea-sick medicine from Great-Aunt Emma. Advice sink, entailing hole in pocket-book and first slight from Uncle John who had cholera in the Spanish- dampening of the spirits. Your returning enthu¬ American War. siasm at seeing your grandmother’s clock in its The ship. Discovery that sea-sickness is prefer¬ place on the mantelpiece. Enthusiasm slightly able to Great-Aunt Emma’s medicine. The deter¬ dimmed by the knowledge that the chimney won’t mination to get up early every morning and brush draw and your electric stoves need rewiring for up on your school Spanish results in your stay¬ new current. Hitherto unsuspected ability to dec¬ ing in bed until eleven. Alarming discovery of orate rooms, upholster furniture and paint walls your gain of four pounds causes you to play strenuous deck games and leads to subsequent dis¬ which leads to unflattering speculation by servants covery that you are too old for this. as to your antecedents. The unpleasant discovery that none of your curtains fits any windows and Inevitable man in checkered cap showing pic¬ tures of the “wife and kiddies.” Inevitable beau¬ that your curtain rods are too short. tiful Woman With A Past and sickening tendency Arrival at the conclusion that all servants con¬ of all men to believe every word she says. The sider it a point of honor to chisel. The determina¬ decision to talk less and look romantic which tion to stop this results in greater display of cun¬ makes your husband insist that you take Aunt ning, which you subsequently dismiss as beneath Emma’s medicine. Alarming tendency of chil¬ your notice. Annoying speculation as to whether dren to fall in the sea. Sudden savage desire to you are weak willed and final dismissal of the push the little brutes overboard. Swift repentance whole business. The alarming tendency of the and purchase of ice cream in the tea room which hot water heater to explode. The certainty of it. you regret when forced to administer Aunt The explosion. Your first pleasure at housekeep¬ Emma’s remedy. ing with five servants marred by realization that one negro mammy does more work and eats one- The First Port and excitement over getting the fifth as much. Amazing discovery that you feed children into a launch and wishing you had left them on the ship. Discovery that all that smells is all the cook’s family as well as the plumber who periodically patches water heater and cements leg not quaint. The Second Port. All the Other Ports. back on bath tub. Irrefutable fact that with or The Captain’s Dinner where that nice young without plumber the bills remain the same. In¬ man wins your eternal admiration as a person of teresting phenomenon that periodic explosion of discrimination by telling you how charming you water heater invariably coincides with pay cut. are and the subsequent assurance of your husband This combination gives rise to temporary sympa¬ that he was tight. Profitless speculation about thy with Red Wave From Russia. husbands in general. Unpleasant remarks by Scandinavian Secretary Arrival at the new post and the amazing dis¬ that yours is the house offered to him for half covery that South Americans do not understand of what you pay, which he thought too expensive. their own language. Private conviction that your Instinctive dislike of Scandinavian Secretary and Spanish is too Castilian. The annoying precocity unworthy suspicion as to his integrity. 552 JHE AMERICAN pOREIGN gERVICE JOURNAL

Your first formal dinner. Distressing realiza¬ tion that if you buy champagne you can’t have that new dress. Unhesitating purchase of dress and firm announcement at dinner that you are re¬ WOODWARD & LOTHROP trenching in the spirit of the times and that there 10th, 11th, F and G Streets will be no champagne. Morbid doubts as to your WASHINGTON own integrity rapidly supplanted as dinner pro¬ gresses by growing desire to kill the cook. The ”A Store Worthy of The Nation’s Capital” realization that you can't always blame everything on your bad Spanish results in your dismissing the cook and subsequent discovery that they are all the same. The smug feeling that you Really •Cannot help it proves very refreshing. Do Your Evidence that Wellsian monster for heating wa¬ ter is about to explode again. Chronic state of nerves finally relieved by actual explosion. Odd CHRISTMAS inability to find plumber and gradual realization that you really don’t care very much anyway. In¬ Mail-Ordering creasing tendency not to take anything seriously, leading to idle speculation as to whether you are Early becoming a Lotus-eater. Final conviction that you have been for six months.

ARTISTIC RESTRAINT XCITING preparations are already going on here at ‘'The assignment to Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Woodward &. Lothrop’s — and of Charles E. Allen, of Maysville, Ky., now we have brought together all the American Consul at Istanbul, has been can¬ most enchanting new things that celed.” ever confronted a Christmas list. Thus does the State Department’s latest bulletin Myriads of rare and lovely •of “Foreign Service Changes” suggest an Iliad in a things — and amusing remem¬ sentence. Thus can an Odyssey be compressed into brances — lots of them that four lines. cost very little. Why not send Where is the connection between Maysville, Ky., us your gift list—Mrs. Marian and the capital of the Lion of Judah? With what Tolson will shop personally for emotions did this non-Haggard Mr. Allen look for¬ you — and see that your gifts ward to his adventure near the scene of Allan are festively wrapped, ready for Quartermain’s greatest exploits? “Ethiopia” evokes wherever their destination. memories of Sheba’s Queen, of the ancient Negro Christian Church of Abyssinia. And, as for Addis And may we remind you again — whether you are stationed Ababa, most of us do not quite believe that, outside near or far — to begin shopping of Prester John legends, it has any existence. Why early for a very Merry Christ¬ was the assignment “canceled”? Did the State mas. Department find out that there indeed is no such place?

To none of these questions is any answer sup¬ -S3--SS- plied by the bulletin of “Foreign Service Changes” “We ask and ask. Thou smilest and art still, Address Mrs. Tolson at Out-topping knowledge.” The State Department author cultivates all the Woodward SC Lothrop, reticence of a Slavonic short story, where no time Washington, D. C., Is wasted over plot, where there is little beginning U. S. A. and no end, but where every emphasis is laid upon suggestion. The truly literary spirit can not be crushed even within the compass of a government communique.—The Washington Post. 553 7 POINSETTIA LAND Th ere s Nothing (Continued from page 519) typical and classical. Credit for this apprecia¬ tion among the Indians must be given to the Jesuit Quite Like missionaries. Even the more or less uncivilized Guarani today sings at his work songs which the Jesuits taught his ancestors. firn^rujoa/rt Asuncion is interesting and it is quaint in all the connotations of that much ill-used term. Its unpaved streets, its native women who ride from the outskirts and even from much greater distances to the public market on the hacks of the ever pres¬ ent burro, lend much color to the background. The Paraguayan woman has been, since the war of 1863, and now again, the principal small trades person in the country. If there isn't a burro to carry her fruits and vegetables to market her head serves as the means of transportation and she usu¬ ally has a “long, black cheroot” in her mouth. Whether it is considered bad form to carry any¬ thing in the hands, or whether it is merely more convenient, the native woman bears everything on her head. I have seen a woman carrying about to and from EUROPE two yards of rope curled on top of her head, when her hands were entirely free. I saw only Spaciousness and unrestricted freedom which mean true today a family in the process of moving, with all luxury at sea. The entire ship is yours to enjoy . . . its worldly goods in a vast bundle on the mother’s broad decks, spacious, tastefully decorated lounges and dining saloon. Fine food, choice wines and liquors. head and a child on one arm, while her lord Staterooms all outside. 60 per cent private baths. Truly walked unconcernedly ahead, quite unencumbered. there’s nothing quite like American One Class. Young girls are initiated early into the trick or Special consideration given art of carrying bundles on their heads, and as U. S. Foreign Service officials. most of the poorer native women visible in the thoroughfares go barefoot and hence are un¬ ft* Minimum Rates ""7 *4j crippled by pinching shoes and high heels they if One Way • Round Trip | / | acquire a queenly carriage that might well awaken Stateroom with bath or shower slightly higher twinges of envy in their modish sisters. Passenger Offices: Burro paths and ox-cart roads make the vicinity WASHINGTON, D. C. of Asuncion a riders’ paradise. Ordinarily the 743 14th Street, N. W. i Broadway or any office of International Mercantile Marine Co. luxuriant foliage and the palm trees give these LONDON HAMBURG bridle paths a fresh and romantic appearance hut Regent St., S.^LI. Alsterthor 8C Ferdinandstrasse when the famous flowering trees with their gor¬ BERLIN PARIS ANTWERP Unter den Linden, 9 10 Rue Auber 22 Rue des Peignes geous purples, rich yellow, flaming reds and deli¬ or U. S. Lines Offices in principal European Cities cate orchids are in bloom the scene is unequaled anywhere. When you are thirsty you may with¬ out dismounting pick oranges or tangerines from the trees that border the road. BALTIMORE Down country one may, if he be so inclined, explore and find himself in virgin forest abound¬ ing in orchids, flowering vines and strange birds. MAIL One particularly delightful spot is a pool made by a lazy river and surrounded by a thick wood interspersed with wild orange trees. There the LINE kingfishers are so unaccustomed to human beings that they disregard their presence and leisurely go about their fishing. Parrots chatter and visit from

Weekly Sailings to and from Havre and Hamburg. tree to tree.

554 JHE AMERICAN J7QRE1GN ftERVICE JOURNAL

Of the Arcadia which the Jesuit missionaries created, there remains very little. In the region of Missiones in the extreme south of Paraguay and in the Missiones region of the Argentine, there are SPEEDING the some ruins of their work. There is in Yaguaron a church reputedly built by the Jesuits, but more likely by the Franciscans, which is approaching its World’s Business three hundredth anniversary. Its more interesting features are the admirably carved wooden doors, railings and altars. Its two meter adobe walls are likely to preserve this monument still further into “the pathos of distance.” To all who in these changing years have a Wordsworthian sense that the world they know' is too much with them, Paraguay offers serenity and the charm of manifold beauties. But it may not be so for long. The material potentialities of the country are enormous and a large population can be accommodated. Once the Chaco dispute is determined it is inevitable that homeseekers in many parts of the world will find their way up the mighty Paraguay and Parana and find pros¬ perity, comfort and ease of spirit in this proud Republic. EVERYWHERE ... on all sides . . . you hear it. The battle cry of RECOVERY. The clarion BROADCASTING IN call of the new era. The prayer of all people “Wisconsin owns and operates two radio broad¬ . . . of all countries. And the slogan of Under¬ casting stations, which are run exclusively for the wood Elliott Fisher for years . . . “Speed the benefit of the listener—a situation that must seem World’s business.” millenial ****. With an unusually interesting political campaign in progress this year, it was de¬ Underwood Elliott Fisher “Speeds the World’s cided that (following a precedent established in Business” by giving wings to the thoughts, the 1932) facilities should be arranged by which ‘all words, the figures that are essential parts of busi¬ recognized political parties’ should be given an ness. Through Underwood Typewriters. Through ample and equitable amount of time on the air. Underwood Elliott Fisher Accounting Machines. Accordingly, each of ‘the four parties which qual¬ ified to be included on the ballot’—Socialist, Pro¬ Through Underwood Sundstrand Adding-Figuring gressive, Democratic and Republican—was given Machines. Through the supplies that are part of five hours’ time on the air during the four weeks them. before the primary. By an ingenious method of Underwood Elliott Fisher not only sells office rotation (and after drawing lots for precedence) each party is heard every day, but no party is on machines . . . Underwood Elliott Fisher services the air at the same hour two days in succession. them for life! There is no censorship of expression; the speakers, chosen by the state central committees of their re¬ TYPEWRITER DIVISION spective parties, are merely reminded of the laws UNDERWOOD ELLIOTT FISHER COMPANY against slander and libel, and then go ahead. This, Homer Building, 601 13th Street N. W. to be sure, does not solve all the problems of Washington, D. C. political broadcasting. **** No one can tell how SALES AND SERVICE EVERYWHERE many people listen to the broadcasts, or how they are affected.”—The New Republic. The UNDERWOOD In view of the political importance of radio broadcasting in many parts of the world, the fore¬ STANDARD .... Model No. 6 going article is believed to be of interest. Some of the comment in the original has been omitted/—ED. 555 On the Course ol Events

By HENRY L. DEIMEL, JR., Department of State

APPROPRIATELY enough perhaps in the exist- aluminum industry which in the month it lasted L ing state of affairs, Labor Day. 1934, wit¬ was notable for the orderliness of conduct on nessed the commencement of the most extensive both sides. of the whole current series of strikes. Originat¬ The National Labor Relations Board recently ing in a dispute in the cotton textile mills, this issued a very significant decision interpreting strike covers practically the whole textile manu¬ Section 7a of the Recovery Act in connection with facturing industry, including wool, silk, and a question of union representation in a Buffalo rayon, in which approximately 650,000 were em¬ automobile parts plant (The Houde Engineering ployed and an additional 350,000 estimated to Corporation) where a majority of the workers be unemployed. The dispute harks back to the had voted for representation by an A. F. of L. dissatisfaction expressed last May in connection union and a minority for a company organiza¬ with the reduction of 25% in cotton textile mill tion. The Board stated that: activity ordered by the code authority for twelve “When a person, committee or organization has been weeks in the summer (following a designated by the majority of employees in a plant or similar four-week restriction last De¬ other appropriate unit for collective bargaining, it is the right of the representatives so designated to be cember). The threat of a strike in treated by the employer as the exclusive bargaining June was averted for the time being agency of all employees in the unit . . . .” with a promised NRA investigation of The Board has been careful to add certain the issues, including working hours, qualifications, stating specifically that the rule wage rates, and the “stretch-out” sys¬ does not compel employees to join the organiza¬ tem by which the number of machines tion representing the majority, that minorities u * each worker is assigned to attend is retain the right to present grievances at all times, increased. The report subsequently that majority unions will not be recog¬ published on wages and hours found nized if they are discriminating in that “under existing conditions there membership, and that the rule “does is no factual or statistical basis for a not establish a closed shop, nor neces¬ general increase in wage rates,” but sarily lead to a closed shop, that being considerable scope for adjustment in a matter for negotiation.” The deci¬ individual wage scales and differen¬ sion goes clearly beyond the formula tials; the anticipated report on the which terminated the dispute in the stretch-out has however not been published, automobile industry last March, and and this question forms, together with demand for the National Manufacturers’ Associa¬ shorter hours and higher rates of pay, the issues tion has advised its members against of the present strike. While the cotton textile observing the decision until it has code authority points to the abolition of child been tested before the courts. Mean¬ labor, the reduction in hours of work from an while the Buffalo company’s right to average of 54 to a maximum of 40 per week, and display the Blue Eagle has been with¬ a seventy per cent increase in hourly rates of pay drawn hv the NRA for refusal to (from the low level to which the depression had comply with the Board’s decision, brought them) under the code, the first to be and as the case presents a clear issue—the facts adopted under the Recovery Act, reports differ concerned not being in dispute—it appears likely as to the extent to which the strike is effective; to come before the courts for review. Mean¬ it is clear, however, that many workers are out, while the Board has rendered a similar decision from New England to the South, while many in another case I Guide Lamp Corporation), and disturbances and casualties (including eleven the same principle has been upheld by the Na¬ fatalities in the first ten days) are reported, and tional Steel Labor Board in a case of its own a special board appointed by the President is (West Virginia Rail Co.). seeking to reach a settlement. Meanwhile a set¬ Industrial activity has experienced a pronounced tlement has been reached, on the promise of in¬ accentuation of the decline which began in June. creased union recognition, of a strike in the The Federal Reserve Board indices for July, with 556 JHE AMERICAN pOREIGN gERVICEJOURNAL

June figures in parentheses, include: factory pro¬ duction (83)74; factory employment (81)79; SMunson Luxury Service to factory payrolls (65)60; department store sales (74)72; construction contracts awarded (26)27. SOUTH AMERICA There is nothing in the preliminary data avail¬ able for August to indicate any reversal in this fortnightly Sailings trend, and it is therefore evident that the second period of increasing industrial activity since on Saturdays March 1933 has come to an end. Some sugges¬ tion of the general course, extent, and nature of these two periods is indicated in the following Sail to and from South table, compiled from the Federal Reserve Board’s America on the largest monthly indices of industrial production (ad¬ and fastest ships in this justed for seasonal variation) for the low months service, the luxurious Ma rch and November 1933, and the peak months 21,000 ton S. S. Pan July 1933 and May 1934, as well as for July America, S. S. Western 1934. Since, as previously explained, low ac¬ World, S. S. American Legion, S. S. Southern tivity and unemployment have been especially Cross; all airy outside rooms, gay shipboard life, concentrated in the “heavy” capital goods or dur¬ excellent cuisine and service. Calling at Rio de able goods industries, the table shows not only the Janeiro, Santos, Montevideo and Buenos Aires. indices for the total of industrial production and Attractive arrangements for stopovers and sight¬ employment, but also for eight separate important seeing at all ports. groups of industries, four of them belonging to For further information consult your travel agent or the “consumption goods” class and the other four being durable goods industries. MUNSON STEAMSHIP LINES 67 Wall Street, New York, N. Y. INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION IN THE UNITED STATES (Federal Reserv e Board Indices, adjusted for seasonal variation; 1923-25:100.) 1933 1934 March July Nov. May July TOTAL 56 101 71 86 74 Textiles 76 130 89 89 77 EXTRA MONEY Food Products... 84 100 92 98 102 Leather & Shoe:s 84 116 93 115 99 Tobacco Mfg. 99 117 95 128 128 for YOU, too! Iron & Steel 22 100 47 84 47 Lumber 22 46 30 33 29 LIKE Mr. Hauck, possibly you Cement 40 56 39 57 58* have a need for extra money. If you have just a few hours a Automobiles 27 69 32 78 78 day or week to devote to our sub¬ * June, 1934. scription interests in your city, Care must be taken not to read more meaning we feel sure that you can make them pay handsome dividends. into this table than it can properly support. It The Saturday Evening Post shows, however, how very definitely the problem and Ladies’ Home Journal need almost no introduction to the of low activity remains primarily in the durable English-speaking residents of goods industries. The automobile industry is your city. And you will be able Mr. Paul Hauck of Nebraska, to offer them a substantial sav¬ above, writes that he has earned the exception; in this industry 1934 has been a ing on a year’s subscription. as much as $2.40 in a single comparatively good year, for between March and For full particulars, fill out and hour from the sale of Curtis sub¬ June monthly production averaged 330 thousand mail us the coupon below. scriptions. You can do as well! units, and the declining production from then to Labor Day has kept close to last year’s rate for CURTIS PUBLISHING COMPANY, the same period; in 1933 the period of highest 687 Independence Square, Philadelphia, Pa. productivity was from May to September. In the Gentlemen: Please give me the details of your money-making offer. first seven months of 1934 the industry produced Name Age nearly two million units, already slightly exceed¬ ing the total for the whole of 1933 and well Address above the 1 1/3 million produced in 1932. Un- 557 less production for the remainder of the year is UNITED FRUIT CDfllPANY very low, the 1931 figure of about 2.4 million GREAT units should he reached or exceeded. In the iron U/HITE and steel industry the wide fluctuations in ac¬ FLEET tivities are due to concentration of production within relatively short periods: in 1933 the period of the summer months prior to the adop¬ Regular Freight and Passenger Service tion of an NR A code, and in 1934 largely from BETWEEN March to June, partly to meet the requirements New York, New Orleans, Boston and San Francisco of the peak automobile production and partly in AND anticipation of increased prices posted for July Cuba, Jamaica, Panama, Colombia, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, British Honduras, first but modified somewhat thereafter. Mexico, Nicaragua, Salvador. The Public Works program provided for in Title II of the Recovery Act of June 1933, which Weekly service with transshipment at Cristobal (Canal Zone) to West Coast Ports of Central was intended to stimulate the heavy industries America, South America and Mexico at differ¬ and was responsible for the rise in the index of ential rates. Through bills of lading to all points. construction contracts awarded between November Shipments to El Salvador handled expedi¬ and January, has afforded an increase in employ¬ tiously via Puerto Barrios, Guatemala and the ment from about 300,000 in the early spring to International Railways of Central America. a peak of 665,000 in July, and some 907 millions For Rates and Other Information Address: had been spent by the end of August out of the 3,052 millions of dollars available and allocated FREIGHT TRAFFIC DEPARTMENT for public works construction out of the appro¬ Pier 3, North River, New York, N. Y. priations under the Recovery Act and the Emer¬ 1001 Fourth St., Ill W. Washington St., San Francisco, Calif. Chicago, III. gency Appropriation Act of the recent session as Long Wharf, 321 St. Charlea St., well as certain earlier acts (for highway construc¬ Boston, Mass. New Orleans, La. tion and Boulder Canyon Dam). The Public General Offices: One Federal Street, Boston, Mass. Works program is evidently now pretty well in full swing, and it seems probable that the heavy industries are already receiving about the full degree of stimulation to be expected from that program. Some further stimulation for the heavy indus¬ tries mav be looked for from the Federal Housing Administration, which, set up under the National Housing Act of June 27, 1934, is now actively engaged in promoting loans by the banks for the repair and improvement of houses: these loans may he extended to a maximum of $2,000 per loan and five years for repayment, without mort¬ gage security, and are guaranteed hv the Govern¬ An ADMIRAL ment against loss to the extent of twenty per cent. H E DIRECTS the movements of the fleet There has been some controversy over the interest and the fleet movement of service at The Willard gratifies the guest who is accustomed to command. charge, which is limited to a maximum charge of For your Washington stay, convenient location and prestige go in hand with economy at The Willard— five dollars per year per hundred dollars loaned, ’The Residence of Presidents.” but which, being charged at the time of the loan, Single Rooms with Rath $4 up and the latter being repayable in monthly instal¬ Double Rooms with Rath S6 up 25°/o Discount on Room Charges to Members ments, works out on an actuarial basis to 9.7 of the United States Foreign Service. per cent per annum. The Federal Housing Ad¬ Popular Price Coffee Shop ministration explains that this is necessary to Write for illustrated Booklet and Rates (z& cover the cost of instalment bookkeeping. No quantitative data are yet available to indicate the WILLARD HOTEL amount being loaned under this program, which 14th and Pennsylvania Avenue W ashington, D. C. is still in its infancy. H. P. SOMERVILLE, Managing Director Some general increase in industrial activity in the fall may reasonably he anticipated—an im- 558 portant influence being the expected increase in farmers’ income. In an announcement dated August 24 the Department of Agriculture esti¬ mated, on the basis of farmers’ cash income for the first seven months of 1934, including benefit and rental payments under the Agricultural Ad¬ YOU CAN justment program, of slightly over three billions of dollars, a total cash income of six billions BE PROUD for the year 1934, as compared with five billions in 1933 and 4.3 billions in 1932. This estimate of these American takes account, of course, of the drought with its leaders on the Atlantic resulting shorter crops and increased farm prices. There are, however, not at present apparent on S. S. WASHINGTON the horizon any other major factors which might appear likely to lead to any very large measure S. S. MANHATTAN of further reemployment in the heavy industries ' | M> Americans in foreign service: next time before the winter sets in. A- you cross the Atlantic sail on one of It is therefore of interest to take stock of what America’s great ships—and see why America is again making giant strides as a maritime has been accomplished. If the indices for indus¬ nation. Enjoy the American standard of liv¬ ing on the world’s fastest Cabin liners. With trial production for the high and low months their running mates, the President Harding since March 1933 are compared with the indices and President Roosevelt, they offer weekly sailings to Ireland, England, France and for factory employment and payrolls, as shown Germany. below, the result suggests that the NRA codes have been of substantial effect in maintaining UNITED STATES LINES employment at an improved rate relative to pro¬ Roosevelt Steamship Company, Inc. UTMOST PCI AW HlVtO General Agents l duction; it also appears that the tenacity with Main Office: No. 1 Broadway, New York Woio, which the employment index clings near the Offices in all principal cities of the world. ^ upper level attained is not equally shared by the payroll index.

FEDERAL RESERVE BOARD INDEXES (Production and Employment seasonally adjusted.) Industrial Factory Factory Production Employment Fayrolls March 1933 56 59 37 July . 101 73 51 November 71 76 56 May 1934 86 82 67 July 74 79 60 These indications are interestingly corroborated Hailed as Today s in a report made to the President by Mr. Rich- CLASSIC OF THE SEA! berg, who was recently delegated from the NRA CAPTAIN JAMES P. BARKER’S great to the Executive Council to prepare a series of narrative of his experiences under sail as told to Roland Barker. Extolled as a reports summarizing the “objectives and accom¬ book for the ages. plishments in the national program of economic Percy Hutchinson, New York Times Book recovery and reconstruction” of the various fed¬ Review: “A classic, an astounding tale with¬ out an exact counter-part in books of the eral departments and agencies. In his first re¬ sea.” port, on relief of industrial employment, dated Illustrated with rare photographs and a map August 25, Mr. Richberg states in part as follows: in four colors—$2.50. “Reliable figures indicate that 40,180,000 persons were employed in the United States in June 1934, an in¬ THE LOG of a crease of 4,120,000 over the low figure of March 1933, and in increase of 2,320,000 over June 1933. The LIME JITICER latter increase is mainly due to shortening of hours under NRA codes. . . . The increase of 1,800,000 prior HUNTINGTON PRESS to the NRA can be attributed partly to the revival of PUBLISHERS business brought about by other federal activities and 205 E. 42nd Street, New York partly to anticipation of increased labor costs under the — (This space courtesy of Carl M. J. von NRA program. Zielinski, 99 Wall Street, New York.) (Continued to page 569) 559 LETTERS ports are given be specially mentioned. As of pos¬ (This column will be devoted each mouth to the publication, sible interest I may mention that in general after in whole, or in part, of letters to the Editor from members of the Association on topics of general interest. Such letters are to midnight satisfactory reception on the short wave be regarded as expressing merely the personal opinion of the of American stations is possible in Budapest. On writers and not necessarily the views of the JOURNAL, or of the Association.) good nights three or four come in, but the most re¬ Subscribers are invited to submit comment on matters of inter¬ liable station at the moment is W2XAE, while dur¬ est to the Service. The names of correspondents will not be pub¬ lished or otherwise divulged when request to that effect is made. ing last winter W3XAL was the most satisfactory. Communications intended for this column should be addressed: “To the Editor, Foreign Service Journal, Care of the Department I wish also to express my appreciation of the of State, Washington, D. C.” new form which the JOURNAL has taken the last few months and which has, in my opinion, greatly HELP YOUR SUCCESSOR added to its attractiveness. Porto Alegre. Respectfully yours, DEAR MR. EDITOR: ROBERT ENGLISH. A principal officer arriving at this post would The Editors will publish the radio information find solid advantage in having at hand a series of requested, if it can be obtained. brief intelligence memoranda covering subjects Comments and suggestions regarding the such as the following: JOURNAL are always helpful.—ED. State governmental structure and functions, Commerce and industry, Sources of information, UNITED STATES CONSULATE, RIGA Projects and possibilities to be observed, No. 19 October 31, 1906. Local personalities, SUBJECT: Method of Dating. Important miscellanea of varied application. The Honorable Service at the post brings an intimate acquain¬ tance with local conditions and an accumulation Robert Bacon, of information which, as it is not noted in files or Assistant Secretary of State, appears only in dispersed fragments, goes out of Washington. Sir: practical availability when an officer moves on. The new officer may obtain information of this I beg to be permitted to suggest the advisability nature from the staff as the work proceeds, but it of the adoption by the Department and all other seems more desirable for him to have its essentials Governmental Departments, the usage of other at his command, as part of his acquired working countries in the matter of dating documents and equipment, when he assumes charge. letters. Accordingly a set of brief but inclusive memoran¬ I believe that we are the only people that date da are being prepared for the officer who, in time, letters in the order of month, day, year; all relieves the present incumbent. Experience indi¬ others using day, month, year, which it will be cates that they will be of practical use to him. conceded is the proper order. In using numerals Yours sincerely, our method becomes most confusing to the bal¬ REGINALD S. CASTLEMAN. ance of mankind, and it seems to me it would be advisable to conform to the custom of the greater number; and especially so as it is undoubtedly RADIO FAN the right way. We write October 31st; why not My dear Mr. Editor: 31st October? In the use of numerals, 7/4/06 I was particularly interested in noting in your for instance, we would read as July 4th, 1906, July issue a table of experimental relay broadcast¬ while the balance of the Christian world would ing stations in the United States which broadcast read it 7th of April, 1906. Uniformity certainly on the short waves. Information regarding Amer¬ is desirable and I trust that this suggestion will ican short wave broadcasting is difficult to obtain be thought worthy of some consideration. in Europe and I suspect that a number of officers I have the honor to be, Sir, may be interested in finding from time to time in Your obedient servant, the JOURNAL a list of the principal American short ALEXANDER HEINGARTNER, wave stations and the time of their transmissions. Consul. Among the Departmental notations appearing on this I have been in the past, and still am, particularly dispatch is one reading in part “I think a mere acknowl¬ interested in hearing news reports, and I might sug¬ edgment sufficient. There are more urgent matters to be gest that if it is convenient the time when such re¬ reformed! 16, XI, 06.—H. W.” 560 Streets of Ciold

By GEORGE P. SHAW Consul, San Luis Potosi

George P. Shaw ONE OF THE RESULTS OF GOLD REVALUATION

OTOSINOS” or residents of San Luis Po¬ throughout and millions of pesos in values have tosi, Mexico, do not claim that the streets been removed during the years. Some of the are paved with gold—they know of only one stringers or small veins run high in gold and place for which that is claimed, and there are these were and still are eagerly sought. certain other differences between the two localities. In course of time the mountain above the water However, San Luis Potosi is a fair city and there level became literally honey-combed with work¬ is gold being taken from its streets daily, which ings; extensive buildings of the cheapest material should constitute a news item from any point of available—rock—were erected. Later when a view. large cave-in occurred, the extent of which is still Almost 440 years ago, roughly between 1540 visible, a new tunnel was bored at the orders of and 1565 the Spaniards discovered the mineral the King of Spain, and it is a marvel for its deposits in what is now known as the Cerro de San grades, angles and finished walls. It is markedly Pedro in the State of San Luis Potosi and worked different from the mining of today when the object them in a very intensive manner with such meth¬ is to open up the ground and extract the ore as ods as were available. The name “Potosi” was quickly as possible. Then it was to do that, but given to the place as it was in Bolivia in a similar in the process a well-finished tunnel was bored. instance. “Potosi” means rich deposit or bonanza. One of the greatest difficulties encountered by The rock containing the mineral deposits (gold, the old Spanish miners was the lack of water near silver and lead) are generally not excessively the mine. From the earliest days it became the hard, and labor then costing practically nothing, practice to take the rich ore down into the valley it was worked very successfully by picking and where it could be ground and worked with water barring-down. The mountain is mineralized in “arrastres” and with quicksilver. In course of time the fine sand from this ore, from which as much as possible of the values had been taken with the methods then available, was left in piles throughout the valley and particularly near the source of water. It was on these piles of tailings that the City of San Luis Potosi was founded, and after founding the ores continued to be worked in the new city in old patios and the piles of tailings grew. Later the streets were leveled off and paved with hand-hewn stones. The old tailings containing from 6 to 20 grams of gold to the ton lay for George i>. shaw years under the streets undisturbed, un- GOLD DIGGERS OF SAN LUIS POTOSI til the United States Government an- 561 JHE AMERICAN pOREIGN gERVICE JOURNAL nounced that instead of about $20 per ounce it In the light of the changes which have taken would give in its new money $35 per ounce for place in Europe, to mention only three countries, newly mined gold. Formerly, when exchange was Russia, Italy and Germany, where new social strata about two-for-one, gold yielded 40 pesos per ounce. have taken charge of the State and transformed the Now, the exceptional opportunity exists for ex¬ entire temper and tone of the administration of change is 3.60 pesos to the dollar and gold is the country and the psychology of the people, the worth $35, thus an ounce of gold is now worth to time is past when an Embassy may succeed in con¬ the Mexican miner 126 pesos instead of 40. That cealing its ignorance of the distinction between is the reason the streets of San Luis Potosi are anarchists and national socialists and social being torn up and shipped to the American smelter democrats. An Ambassador at an important Euro¬ at the edge of town as quickly as possible before pean capital in 1917 excited no comment by his something happens to ruin the bonanza. ignorance regarding the identity of a fellow coun¬ The smelter has been receiving so much of these tryman, Tom Mooney, on whose behalf a rag-tag old tailings that it cannot handle all of them to¬ and hobtailed proletariat organized demonstrations gether with the regularly mined ores and as they outside the perplexed Ambassador’s window, but come from not only the streets of San Luis Potosi today even the messengers of an Embassy staff are but from all surrounding villages and towns in acquainted with a subject of more recent world the valley, such as nearby Pozos, they are being demonstrations, Dmitrov. stored in huge piles until they can be fed into the In endeavoring to acquaint himself with all the furnaces and melted down and shipped mostly via vital forces at work in the country to which he Tampico to the refineries in Perth Amboy, New may be assigned, it is not alone the political life J ersey. that he must needs plumb but, equally important, appraisal must be made of the economic forces at work. The time is past when the problem of ma¬ DEMOCRATIZED DIPLOMACY jor diplomatic importance was that of gaining the It is the conviction of this American Foreign ear of the King’s mistress or in ascertaining to Service Officer that diplomacy, no less than most whom he had transferred his affections; the matter human relationships and institutions, has been of major interest today is whether the country can vitally affected since 1914 and that those men not balance its budget and, if not, on whom it proposes alive to the changes which have taken place and to rest the increased incidence of taxation. And are taking place are destined to be ineffective and that is by no means all, for an alert officer must at helpless in the performance of their professional the same time endeavor to acquaint himself with task. the ancient history of the country (since no coun¬ Today the greatest and most all-compelling try can divorce itself entirely from its past what¬ problem in the life of an officer, irrespective of ever the revolutionary changes brought about) the country to which he may be assigned, is that and some knowledge should be sought of the coun¬ of acquainting himself with all its vital forces. try’s literature, without which no country can be Inasmuch as such forces are more likely than not properly understood. to emanate from other social milieus than the aris¬ Moreover, in these days of intimate economic tocratic societies which diplomats were wont, in and political relationships which thread their way the old days before 1914, to frequent to the ex¬ and bind together all the countries of the world, clusion of all others, it is a problem of the first an intelligent officer must apply himself to an un¬ magnitude for an officer to establish means of ap¬ derstanding of the more important world problems proach to an understanding of the basic forces lo¬ as they affect the country in which he is stationed. cally at work, while at the same time maintaining And not least important there is the prime contact and conforming with certain fixed tradi¬ necessity of so keeping abreast of developments in tions which still adhere to the life of a diplomat. his own country as to enable him intelligently to The problem perhaps is rapidly ceasing to be interpret the forces at work at home in a sympa¬ as difficult as it may appear for the reason that thetic and understanding manner to the people and most diplomatic services of the world are being government of the country where he serves. democratized to an astonishing degree and a new And in his spare time, if there be any, an officer generation of men, sceptical of old dogmas and may obtain some sleep and attend the diplomatic dead traditions, are entering the cadres and bring¬ teas and receptions with which he is more com¬ ing to bear in their approach to problems a monly associated in the mind of the indiscrimi- fresher and more inquiring spirit than that which nating public. characterized all professions before 1914. J. R. CHILDS. 562 ^HE AMERICAN pOREIGN gERVICEJOURNAL

SYMBOL OF SERVICE TO THE WORLD

Member companies of Socony- Vacuum Oil Company, Inc. market the products of petroleum in sixty-three of the sixty-four countries of the earth.

563 Lawrence Higgins SUNRISE FROM ROSARIO MINE, HONDURAS

GUATEMALA—QUICHE INDIAN BURNING INCENSE BEFORE HIS STONE IDOL (UPRIGHT STONE AT LEFT), UNAWARE HIS PHOTOGRAPH WAS BEING TAKEN 564 JHE /^MERICAN pOREIGN gERVICE JOURNAL

EPICURUS REDIVIVUS Cheese Fondu. AN AMERICAN INSTITUTION 1 cup scalded milk IN FOREIGN SERVICE 1 cup soft stale bread crumbs 7 tablespoons cheese finely shaved 1 tablespoon butter 2 teaspoons salt Yolks of 4 eggs Whites of 5 eggs. Mix first five ingredients. Add egg yolks, beaten until lemon color. Cut and fold in whites beaten stiff. Pour into buttered baking dish, and bake 25 minutes in moderate oven. MRS. WILBUR J. CARR, in the Washington Herald. Parker House Rolls. 2 cakes of compressed yeast r iy2 cups luke warm water 1 cup mashed potatoes One-half cup shortening One-half cup sugar 2 egg wdiites or 1 whole egg 1 tablespoon salt. Add yeast to luke warm water and let stand for a few minutes. Add shortening and sugar to hot mashed potatoes. When cool add to other EXECUTIVE OFFICES J. T. TRIPPE 135 Eost 42nd Street EVAN E. YOUNG ingredients. Add enough flour to make a soft President NEW YORK CITY Vice Pres, m Chorge Foreign Dept dough. Let rise. Knead and let rise again. Form dough into long roll; cut into slices, making each piece about one-half inch thick. Form each piece into ball and butter the top of each generously. Allowr to stand 10 minutes. Roll out or flatten out To the Joreign Service Officers with hand. With round handle of wooden spoon make a deep crease in the center of dough and fold over. Place in greased pan and allow to of the United States rise until I'ght. Bake 25 minutes in hot oven. ♦ MRS. HENRY L. WALLACE, in the Washington Herald. Tripe a la Mode de Caen. THE UNITED STATES FIDELITY AND GUAR¬ Cut in pieces half the size of one’s hand a ANTY COMPANY puts at your disposal its serv¬ pound of tripe. In a casserole place a layer of ice in writing your bond. Special attention sliced raw carrots sprinkled with chopped pars¬ is given to the requirements of Foreign Serv¬ ley, laurel, thyme, two cloves, salt and pepper, and one clove of garlic. (The latter may be ice Officers, our Washington Manager, Mr. removed at any time during the cooking.) Cover Chas. R. Hooff, having specialized in this with a layer of tripe, and again a layer of car¬ service since 1912. rots, etc., until the tripe is used up. Fill the cas¬ serole with beef bouillon and about a cup of ♦ white wane, cover with slices of fat bacon. Place cover on the casserole and bake in a moderate oven for five or six hours. Before serving thicken UNITED STATES FIDELITY AND the broth with a teaspoonful of cornstarch, which GUARANTY COMPANY is previously made into a thin paste with a small quantity of water. Serve very hot. 1415 K ST., N. W., WASHINGTON, D. C. MRS. STUART E. GRUMMON.

565 JHE /^MERICAN pOREIGN gERVICE JOURNAL

NEWS FROM THE FIELD sible uses for American goods and information necessary to further trade between Denmark and (Continued from page 541) the United States. SCANDINAVIAN POSTS Probably the marriage on June 13 at Norre- sundby, Jutland, of Consul Dunlap has already Scandinavia likes to celebrate the Fourth, al¬ been recorded. He and his bride, nee Dorothy though it needs a dictionary for some of us to un¬ Storm Gregersen, toured Denmark and Sweden on derstand the speeches or read the programs. Read¬ their honeymoon. ers may be interested to learn that the Vasa Order’s celebration in Stockholm culminated in en som- OSLO markvall a de av saltsjons vagor omflutna fjarder- Consul General Bevan opened the golfing season holmarna, attended by about 300 visitors from by winning the Whitsun tournament of the Oslo America, while Denmark turned out a crowd of Golf Club, defeating Vice Consul Abbott in the 40,000 (the editor hopes that the typist has not final match 2 up. added a few zeros in error) including the King. At Vice Consul Jensen returned from home leave, the Danish celebration a house built of logs from having visited Detroit and Washington after spend¬ the United States and furnished with gifts from ing some time at his home in Sioux City, Iowa. Danish-Americans was dedicated and the program Consul General Bevan won the first Flag Tour¬ broadcast and relayed over an American network. nament of the season at the Oslo Golf Club. The U. S. S. Neiv Orleans paid an informal visit Vice Consul Lawrence Higgins, recently assigned to Stockholm in May and Copenhagen in June, thus to Oslo, arrived from Washington accompanied by making the first U. S. naval visit to the former port Mrs. Higgins. Mr. and Mrs. Higgins motored from since July, 1929. It was the vessel’s maiden voyage. Hamburg, taking leave en route in Denmark and The list of engagements is too long to give; the Sweden. trip was a complete success. All the resident HELSINGFORS Americans and thousands (daily!) of Swedes and Danes visited the ship and were “glad to be aboard, Foreign Service Officer Cyril L. Thiel arrived sir.” May 10 from Jerusalem. Accompanied by his No news has been manufactured in Goteborg and mother, he motored from Constanta to Tallinn, Bergen this quarter. The other Scandinavian posts visiting legations and consulates in Central and report as follows: Eastern Europe en route. Mrs. Thiel returned to America after a month in Helsingfors. COPENHAGEN On July Fourth the Minister held a reception at The Minister, Mrs. Ruth Bryan Owen, left for the Torni Hotel; among those present were over Greenland on July 26. She will remain in Green¬ 100 members of the Finnish American Society. land for about one month, during which time she In July Mr. Albright and Mr. Thiel visited Pet- will familiarize herself with the industries, trans¬ samo, Lapland, in the Arctic region of Finland, oceanic airplane facilities and culture of this Dan¬ 1,000 miles north of Helsingfors. It has been a ish colony. The itinerary is under the personal di¬ good year for seeing the midnight sun—which they rection of and in the company of the Director for duly saw; one tourist reported at Stockholm that Greenland, Mr. Dodgaard Jensen, who is making he had come over from America seven years in suc¬ his annual inspection trip. At the completion of cession without seeing it. her visit the Minister will be met by a coast guard On July 16th Consul General Goold was as¬ cutter which will transport her from Greenland to signed Consul General and First Secretary at Hel¬ the United States, where she will spend her vaca¬ singfors; he is expected to arrive about October 1. tion. At the dock, to wish her bon voyage, was her Among visitors to Helsingfors in June and July, daughter, Mrs. Robert Lehman, who spent a few who called at the legation and consulate, were: days in Copenhagen on her honeymoon. Secretary and Mrs. Henderson, Tallinn; Secretary From June 7 to June 22 Consul General May¬ Kennan, Moscow; Consul Angus I. Ward, Mos¬ nard, accompanied by Mrs. Maynard, explored the cow; Miss Burke, sister of Vice Consul Burke of industries and resources of Denmark. The tour this office; Miss Anne Bullitt, daughter of the Am¬ was made in the Consul General’s automobile and bassador to the U. S. S. R.; Mr. Morgenthau, son included all the important cities and industrial of the Secretary of the Treasury; the Minister to areas of Denmark. A total of forty industries were Sweden and Mrs. Steinhardt; and Dr. Pearson, investigated and notes were made concerning pos¬ former Minister to Finland. 566 JHE /^MERICAN pOREIGN gERVICE JOURNAL

STOCKHOLM Parish notes are meager this quarter. Some three ex-Ministers to Sweden have been drawn back for Hotel Martinique visits this summer, and the tide of tourists to and FIVE BLOCKS FROM THE WHITE HOUSE from Russia included ex-Minister to China Mr. Crane. Speaking of Russia, the legation was enter¬ SIXTEENTH STREET AT M tained last April by Madame Kollantay, the Rus¬ sian Minister to Sweden. Minister Steinhardt and WASHINGTON, D. C. Mrs. Steinhardt visited Leningrad and Moscow for 9 a few days in July. Comings and goings in the official family include the return of Mr. Swift, First Secretary, on July 6 from home leave and the departure of Miss Willis, zAn Hotel of Third Secretary, for her new post, Brussels, on July 12. Miss Willis acted as charge d’affairs dur¬ distinction ing the Minister’s absence June 8-19th. Mr. Thor- mod 0. Klath, Commercial Attache, left for Wash¬ a ington in late June, followed shortly by Mrs. Klath and the children, and his place has been taken by SPECIAL RATES Mr. Osborn S. Watson. In May Mr. C. A. Lind- To ACTIVE AND RETIRED FOREIGN SERVICE strom, Associate Chief Office of Motion Pictures, OFFICERS AND THEIR FAMILIES Dept, of Agriculture, visited Stockholm. The death occurred, as a result of an auto accident, of Mr. • Carl H. Stange, U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey, Write for Booklet July 27, while visiting Stockholm for the Vasa Order’s July Fourth celebrations. L. R. HAWKINS, Manager

KINGSTON, JAMAICA On July fourth Consul Corcoran presided at a meeting of the graduates of Howard University to THINGS ARE LOOKING “UP” celebrate the 57th anniversary of the establishment of that institution. In his speech the Consul took IN THE SERVICE the opportunity of stressing the friendly and sym¬ (Exchange Act! Rental Allowances! Etc.!) pathetic attitude of Americans toward the deserv¬ This Is A Good Time To ing man of color, and that his remarks were well SEND THE JOURNAL To Your Relatives received was indicated by the exceedingly compli¬ And Friends mentary replies, some too effusive for quotation Who will always welcome this intimate news of you, here, by the doctors, lawyers and other professional your colleagues and your interesting work. men there assembled. r JL HE JOURNAL offers to each active and associate On July 16, the U. S. S. Cuttlefish, Lt. Com¬ member of the American Foreign Service Association mander C. W. Styer, U. S. N., commanding, arrived the privilege of subscribing for the JOURNAL for or at Kingston on her shake-down cruise for a visit of on behalf of relatives and friends at the rate of $2 some five days. The Cuttlefish is the second of per year. eight new submarines of similar type to be com¬ Each member may use up to five of these special sub¬ scriptions. Please use the coupon below. missioned by the United States Navy, and her visit, - -SPECIAL OFFER - -- -- in addition to affording an occasion for several AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL, very agreeable teas and dinner parties, was of con¬ Care Department of State, Washington, D. C. siderable interest to Kingston and the Consulate in view of the fact few if any people on this island Please send the JOURNAL for one year. had previously had an opportunity of inspecting To_~ Send bill for $ an underwater craft of so modern a type. The Consulate at Kingston had recently the pleasure of receiving a call from Mr. L. S. Rowe, Director General of the Pan-American Union. Mr.

567 Rowe was at the time en route to Washington after IN MEMORIAM attending a conference in Colombia. Diplomatic Secretary and Mrs. Gerald Drew spent twenty-four Henry James Post, Honorary Vice Consul at hours in Kingston during the past month en route Bangkok, Siam, died suddenly of an apoplectic from Port-au-Prince to their new post at San Jose, stroke on July 26, 1934. He first went to the Costa Rica, and were during their short stay here Far East as a teacher in St. John’s University, guests of Consul Corcoran. C. H. 0. Shanghai, but in 1914 entered business, serving in the Dutch East Indies and Siam. Mr. Post LAGOS was appointed Honorary Vice Consul in Bang¬ Mr. Rudyard Boulton, ornithologist of the Field kok in March. 1930. Museum of Natural History, Chicago, arrived at He will be remembered as a man with a great Lagos on June 7, accompanied by Mrs. Boulton gift for friendship whose kind and cheerful and Mr. Jennings. The expedition led by Mr. personality made life more pleasant for all those Boulton is officially known as the “Straus West with whom he came in contact—a certain bright African Expedition of the Field Museum” and is quality of the spirit endeared him to stevedores being conducted under the patronage of Mrs. Oscar and ministers of state alike. Among his gifts was Straus, widow of the former Ambassador to Turkey that of languages including Siamese, Javanese, and aunt of the present Ambassador to France. Chinese and Malay. He is survived by his wife Mrs. Straus accompanied the expedition from Mrs. Luise C. Post and by his mother Mrs. Dakar, Senegal, through the French Sudan, by w'ay Henry E. Post who are now living in Beacon, of Bamako and Timbuktu, to Gao. At this point New York, and to whom the JOURNAL extends she left the party and proceeded across the Sahara sincere sympathy. to Algiers, to sail for tbe United States. The party proceeded to Niamey and then south through Da¬ Mrs. Ellen Fisher Adams, widow of Edward homey to Cotonou, whence they took ship for Lagos. Pavson Adams, died at Cambridge, Massachusetts, With the exception of this short sea trip, the entire August 24, 1934. route was covered by automobile. For many years she was vice president of the Mr. Boulton is engaged in collecting specimens Massachusetts Equal Suffrage Association, and of birds and small mammals for the Field Museum, among many other public spirited endeavors was while Mr. Jennings is taking photographs and mo¬ her interest and influence in the establishment of tion pictures. Mrs. Boulton is devoting herself to playgrounds in Massachusetts. the recording of native music and songs for gramo¬ She leaves five sons, Ernest G. Adams of Prov¬ phone reproduction, for which purpose she has a idence, R. I.; Charles P. Adams of Worcester; grant from the Carnegie Corporation. Kenneth S. Adams of Hartford, Conn.; Philip On June 15 the party left by sea for Victoria, Adams, now American consul at Saint John, N. B., Cameroon. They planned to spend a month on the and Thomas H. Adams of Wellesley Hills, to whom Cameroon Mountain and then return to Nigeria for the JOURNAL extends sincere sympathy. a month before returning home. W. L. P. The JOURNAL extends sympathy to the family of Mr. Eugene C. Rowley, Sr., who died Septem¬ ber 11, 1934, at his home in Keyport, Washing¬ DANZIG ton. Mr. Rowley rendered devoted services in Notable visitors at Danzig during the summer the Passport Division of the Department during have included Assistant Secretary of State Francis the War period and w’as Passport Agent in B. Sayre and his daughter Eleanor, on the occasion Seattle front 1931 to 1932, retiring during the of their vacation trip to the Baltic countries; for¬ latter year on account of illness. mer Ambassador John W. Garrett; Consul and Mrs. Marcel E. Malige, Warsaw; Consul Cyril L. Mr. Martin Reinberg w7ho served as American Thiel, Helsingfors; Mr. and Mrs. Frederick P. Vice Consul at Guayaquil from 1383 to 1902 Latimer, Jr., of the Helsingfors Legation; Mr. died at Guayaquil on August 5, 1934, at the age Samuel W. Boggs, Geographer of the Department of 82. At the time of his death he was the oldest of State; and Mr. and Mrs. Basil F. Macgowan of American resident in Ecuador, antedating by many the Kovno Legation, who were on their way to a years any other member of the colony. The Macgowan family reunion in Switzerland. JOURNAL extends sympathy to his sons and daugh¬ J. H. B. ters surviving him. 568 JHE AMERICAN pOREIGN gERVICE JOURNAL

ON THE COURSE OF EVENTS (Continued jrom page 559) “The Codes of Fair Competition all established mini¬ mum wages and maximum hours and provided varying safeguards to protect the return in sales of such increased costs. The effect of these provisions is shown in the estimated increase in labor’s share in the national in¬ come from 58.3 per cent in June 1933 to 62.5 per cent in June 1934. “It is estimated that total wages in manufacturing in¬ dustries increased from $96,000,000 a week in June 1933 to $132,000,000 a week in June 1934, or 37.4 per cent .... The individual wage earners did not obtain a similar increase—the average per capita weekly earnings in manufacturing rising only 8.5 per cent.” and since the cost of living increased 9.6 per cent, “ . . . the average manufacturing worker’s purchasing power remained practically unchanged, although by shortening hours he ‘shared his work’ with new em¬ ployees, without an individual loss in ‘real wages.’ ” Meanwhile corporation profits have not suf¬ fered, for according to a much-quoted statement by Standard Statistics, net profits of 506 com¬ panies of all types rose from $157,579.000 in the first half of 1933 to $408,572,000 in the first half of 1934, and of 402 industrial companies from $47,380,000 in the former period to $335,- 870,000 in the latter. Unquestionably there has been substantial gain in industrial activity and employment, but that there is still a long way to go before the situa¬ tion can be termed satisfactory is clearly shown in the federal relief statistics. In a later of Mr. Richberg’s reports, on Relief of Destitu¬ tion, it is stated that in June, 1934, 16.6 million persons, or 13.5% of the population of the coun¬ try, were in receipt of emergency relief, at a total cost to the federal government of 125 millions of dollars in that month. It is becoming increas¬ ingly clear that relief of destitution is not an emergency necessity that will soon terminate in consequence of an increase in ordinary commer¬ cial activity and employment, but that it is a problem of more than temporary duration which calls for and is attracting increasing attention and interest in its size, nature, scope and cost.

SCHOOL LIFE Due to the increase in the number of pages and increase in printing costs, the Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, has an¬ nounced a new price for School Life (monthly journal of the Office of Education, U. S. Depart¬ ment of the Interior)—10 cents per copy, $1 per year for 10 issues. 569 JHE y^MERICAN fOREIGN $ERVICE JOURNAL DIRECTORY OF SELECTIVE FIRMS ABROAD

• BRITISH ISLES • FRANCE

• CHINA

• CUBA

570 fHE AMERICAN pOREIGN gERVICE JOURNAL DIRECTORY OF SELECTIVE FIRMS ABROAD

• HUNGARY • ITALY

B DUNAPALOTA Hotel Palace-Ambassadeurs, Rome U (OPPOSITE THE AMERICAN EMBASSY) HOTELS- ( Special Reduced Rates for Diplomats ) A H U N C A R 1 A This hotel is unrivalled for Its Palatial Beauty, located in the exclusive section of Rome, and near the Pincio Gardens. E UNDER ONE MANAGEMENT RENOWNED FOR ITS FINE CUISINE S RESTAURANT :: AMERICAN BAR :: GRILL ROOM T ON THE CORSO FACING THE DANUBE C. F. ROTA—Gen. Manager

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DONKEY HONEYMOON “ENGLISH AS SHE IS SPOKE” (Continued jrom page 531) When the English tongue we speak, Why is break not rhymed with freak? Can you tell me why it is too bad to have a promising romance like that Namely is written VIZ? broken up by a thing like epizootic lymphangytis Will you tell me why it’s true —whatever that is. We say “sew” but likewise “few?” And the maker of a verse A problem belonging strictly to the practical Cannot match his “horse” with “worse.” side was to get the pair over the side of the steam¬ Beard sounds not the same as heard Cord is different from word. er that was to carry them to New York, for both Cow is cow but low is low Pirro and Marinella were decidedly suspicious of Shoe is never rhymed with foe. the gangplank and obstinately refused to put a Think of hose and dose and lose hoof on it. And of goose and yet of choose. Think of comb and tomb and bomb Finally a sling was placed around one of them—- Doll and roll and home and some it happened to be Marinella—and she was hoisted And since pay is rhymed with say protestingly into the air by a ship’s crane, but not Why not paid with said I pray? We have blood and food and good without a frantic, stentorian appeal to her spouse Mould is not pronounced like could below. Wherefore done but gone and lone Pirro gazed upward with indignant eyes at his Is there any reason known? dangling Marinella. Oh! come on now; off the Is there any sensible ground To say wound for hurt, while string is wound comedy; this is a little bit too thick! And his dis¬ Do you call it equity approval could have been heard for half a mile; To say mutton and yet mutiny? but by the same method of approach he was finally Do you think it really wise by her side and in a few hours anchors were up. To speak of advertisements if you advertise? So in short it seems to me Soon the Sicilian mountains had faded into the Sounds and letters disagree! distant horizon. Pirro and Marinella were defi¬ (“Constructed” by a Dutch friend of Consul General nitely off on their honeymoon. Charles L. Hoover, in Amsterdam.) 571 JHE AMERICAN pOREIGN gERVICE JOURNAL

VISITING OFFICERS The following officers and clerks called at the Department on leave or en route to their posts during the past month, their names being taken from the Register in Room 115, Department of State: Date of Registration August Adolpha Hartz, Copenhagen _. 14 Dave H. Morris, Brussels, sailing USS Pensacola 15 Robert G. McGregor, Jr., Brussels, on leave in New Rochelle, New York 15 Thomas McEnelly, Singapore, sailing Sep¬ tember 3 15 K. S. Patton, Amsterdam, on leave at Uni¬ versity, Virginia - - 16 Douglas Jenkins, Berlin, on leave in Au¬ gusta, Georgia . . 17 Mrs. Clotilda B. Daniels, Nogales 18 William E. Flournoy, Jr., Guatemala, on leave in Norfolk, Virginia 20 Frederick L. Royt, Guayaquil, sailing Au¬ gust 25 . . .—. 23 John S. Richardson, Jr., Winnipeg, sailing for Leopoldville, September 4 23 Victor H. Loftus, Mexico City, on leave in Saugerties, New York ... 24 John Hubner II, Tientsin, on leave in Balti¬ more, Maryland 24 Hayden Houlgate, Warsaw, on leave in Chi¬ cago, 111 25 Leo D. Sturgeon, Tokyo, assigned to De¬ partment 27 Walter H. Sholes, Brussels, assigned tempo¬ rarily to Department .. 27 STATUE OF GEORGE WASHINGTON, BUDAPEST. Myrl S. Myers, Mukden, on leave in Harris¬ Consul General James B. Stewart delivered a brief address, burg, Pa...... 28 July 4, 1934. Alvin T. Rowe, Jr., Bogota, temporarily as¬ signed to Department 28 Daisey Humphrey, Beirut, on leave in St. Samuel Hamilton Wiley, Havre, sailing Sep¬ Louis, Mo ... 28 tember 15 - 8 Clare H. Timberlake, Buenos Aires, sailing C. Porter Kuykendall, Cherbourg, on leave September 1 29 in Towanda, Pa. 10 Hiram Bingham, Jr.. London, sailing Septem¬ George A. Gordon, Rio de Janeiro 10 ber 12 ...... 29 Linton Crook, Penang 10 Kenneth S. Stout, Tela, sailing September 8 30 Orsen N. Nielsen, Warsaw, on leave in September Beloit, Wisconsin .... 10 George D. Hopper, Casablanca, sailing Sep¬ Arthur Bliss Lane, Managua, temporarily tember 18 1 detailed to Department 11 John P. Hurley, Nassau, on leave in New Frederick P. Latimer, Jr., Helsingfors, on York City .... 4 leave in Madison, New Jersey .. 11 Charles L. Hoover, Hong Kong, on leave in Morgan Athorton, formerly San Salvador 11 Omaha, Nebraska 5 John W. Scott, Vienna, on leave in , Harold D. Clum, Bucharest, on leave in Sau¬ Kansas 11 gerties, New York 5 Norman Armour, Port-au-Prince 11 J. Butler Wright, Prague, sailing Septem¬ Paul Dean Thompson, Milan, on leave 11 ber 12 6 E. C. Kemp, Moncton, returning to post 12 Edward P. Lawton, Guatemala, temporarily H. L. Milbourne, Quebec, on leave 14 assigned to Department „ 6 Edward C. Trueblood, San Jose ... 14 Lynn W. Franklin, Barcelona, sailing Sep¬ Fred Morris Dearing, Lima, sailing October tember 12 .... 6 5 from Los Angeles 14 Ralph II. Hunt, Melbourne, on leave in Ded¬ James E. Parks, Paris, sailing September 22 14 ham, Mass. 7 Edwin Schoenrich, Santiago de Cuba, on Arnlioth G. Heltberg, Bergen, on leave in leave in Baltimore, Md 14 San Francisco 7 W. McG. Harlow, Ottawa, on leave in Ernest L. Ives, Algiers, sailing September 22 8 Washington 14 572 ROCKEFELLER CENTER NEW YORK CITY IMHOREIGN SERVICE OFFICERS are cordially invited to visit Rockefeller Center. H Mr. J. K. Hyatt of our organization will be pleased to escort you through the devel¬ opment and explain the facilities of our Bonded Warehouse and Special Exhibition Act, which offer exceptional opportunities for foreign manufacturers contemplating the United States market. Dept. E; 30 Rockefeller Plaza, New York City. ENJOY NEW YORK

Le~l UaLlcrc^ y&uit e-J- viview

Stand in one of the towers of The Waldorf- lies within The Waldorf, and you are part Astoria and survey the New York that lies of it the moment you stop here. People within a few blocks of you. Fifth Avenue, who make news and history meet in the humming with smart shoppers. Broadway, lobbies, the ballrooms, the restaurants. gay with its theatres and amusements. The fashionable world is glimpsed over Park Avenue, Madison Avenue, and up¬ the rim of your cocktail glass. New York town to Central Park. The New York of that amuses . . . New York that matters clubs, art galleries, museums, churches. gathers here. Thus, even your briefest But the other New York that interests you Waldorf visit is stimulating and enjoyable.

THE WALDORF--ASTORIA PARK AVENUE -49TH TO 50TH STREETS - NEW YORK