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Va2 Pustahija Fatima 06102011 Odgovor genoma na abioticki stres : primjer serpentinofita u centralnoj Bosni Fatima Pustahija To cite this version: Fatima Pustahija. Odgovor genoma na abioticki stres : primjer serpentinofita u centralnoj Bosni. Agricultural sciences. Université Paris Sud - Paris XI; Univerzitet u Sarajevu, 2011. Bosnian. NNT : 2011PA112187. tel-00769399 HAL Id: tel-00769399 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00769399 Submitted on 1 Jan 2013 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. UNIVERZITETUSARAJEVU–PRIRODNOMATEMATIČKIFAKULTET UNIVERSITÉPARISSUDXI–FACULTÉDESSCIENCES Doktoratprezentiranzadobivanjetituledoktorabiološkihnauka UniverzitetauSarajevu ThèseprésentéepourobtenirlegradededocteurenSciences del’UniversitéParisSudXIOrsay Mr.Sci.FatimaPUSTAHIJA ODGOVORGENOMANAABIOTIČKISTRES:PRIMJER SERPENTINOFITAUCENTRALNOJBOSNI REPONSEDUGENOMEAUXSTRESSABIOTIQUES:LECAS DESPLANTESSERPENTINOPHYTESENBOSNIECENTRALE Sarajevo,6.oktobar2011. Soutenule6octobre2011devantlacommissiond’examen: Prof.dr.DRONMichel,UniversitéParisSud,ispitivačexaminateur Prof.dr.MAKSIMOVIĆMilka,UniverzitetuSarajevu,predsjednik–president Prof.dr.MEĐEDOVIĆSafer,UniverzitetuSarajevu,komentor–codirecteur Prof.dr.STEVANOVIĆVladimir,UniverzitetuBeogradu,izvještavač–rapporteur Prof.dr.SILJAKYAKOVLEVSonja,UniversitéParisSud,komentor–codirecteur Prof.dr.ZOLDOŠVlatka,UniverzitetuZagrebu,izvještavač–rapporteur Mojim roditeljima ZAHVALE Posebnu zahvalnost dugujem svojim mentorima prof. dr. Sonji Šiljak-Yakovlev (UMR 8079 CNRS- AgroParisTech-UPS, Université Paris Sud) i prof. dr. Saferu Meedoviću (Šumarski fakultet Univerziteta u Sarajevu) na ukazanom povjerenju, razumijevanju, nesebinoj podršci, savjetima i svakodnevnim ohrabrivanjima tokom izrade ovog rada. Hvala Vam što ste mi otvorili vrata i “zarazili” me ljepotama arobnog svijeta citogenetike i fiziologije. Zahvaljujući razumijevanju i podršci kolektiva Šumarskog fakulteta u Sarajevu, bila sam u mogućnosti završiti najveći dio praktinog rada doktorata u Laboratoriji za ekologiju, sistematiku i evoluciju u Orsay-u. Takoer, veliku zahvalnost dugujem kolegama iz UMR 8079 CNRS-AgroParisTech-UPS Ecologie, Systématique et Evolution, Département “Biodiversité, Systématique, Evolution” koji su me, od prvog dana mog boravka, prihvatili u svoj tim kao ravnopravnog lana i pružili mi svu strunu i naunu podršku kad god je to bilo potrebno. Posebnu zahvalnost dugujem prof. dr. Michel Dron, Direktoru “Doktorske škole” Univeziteta Paris-Sud kojoj sam pripadala. Svojim nesebinim savjetima pomogao mi je u generalnoj orijentaciji tokom izrade doktorata, ali takoer i u rješavanju svih administrativnih procedura vezanih za cotutelle doktorat. Na uloženom trudu i vremenu, pažljivom itanju teksta i korisnim kritikama zahvaljujem izvještaima: akademiku prof. dr. Vladimiru Stevanoviću (Biološki fakultet Univerziteta u Beogradu) i prof. dr. Vlatki Zoldoš (Prirodoslovno matematiki fakultet Univerziteta u Zagrebu). Iskrenu zahvalnost dugujem predsjednici komisije prof. dr. Milki Maksimović (Prirodno-matematiki fakultet Univerziteta u Sarajevu) na itanju konane verzije disertacije i brojnim korisnim sugestijama. Srdano zahvaljujem dragim prijateljima i kolegama doc. dr. Neadu Bašiću i doc. dr. Faruku Boguniću (Šumarski fakultet Sarajevo); mr. Erni Karaliji, doc. dr. Edini Muratović i doc. dr. Adisi Parić (Prirodno–matematiki fakultet u Sarajevu); dr. Mariji Editi Šolić (Institut „Planina i more“, Makarska), strunoj savjetnici Sabaheti Abadžić (Zemaljski muzej BiH u Sarajevu) za nesebinu pomoć u svim fazama izrade ovog rada. Veliku zahvalnost dugujem prijateljima i kolegama koji su mi pružili pomoć tokom realizacije praktinog dijela doktorskog rada: Odile Robin i dr. Christiane Raquin (UMR 8079 CNRS-AgroParisTech-UPS Orsay), prof. dr. Spencer Brown i dr. Mickael Bourge (Institut des sciences vegetales, CNRS, Gif–sur–Yvette); prof. dr. Daliboru Ballianu i ing. Emiri Hukić (Šumarski fakultet Univerziteta u Sarajevu), prof. dr. Borivoju Galiću i prof. dr. Dubravki Šoljan (Prirodno–matematiki fakultet Univerziteta u Sarajevu); prof. dr. Branki Stevanović (Biološki fakultet Univerziteta u Beogradu), ing. Jasminku Kapiću (Žepe); gi Mariji Kulundžić (Makarska); gosp. Ramizu Sariću (Sarajevo); mr. Arifu Salkiću i njegovom timu na Metalurškom institutu „Kemal Kapetanović“ Univerziteta u Zenici. Izrada doktorata ovog tipa (cotutelle) ne bi bila moguća bez pomoći Francuske ambasade u BiH (Kulturni centar); Univerziteta Paris–Sud za cotutelle doktorante; Regiona Ile de France (SETCI R232) za cotutelle doktorante; projekta NATO–Science For Peace and Security Programme (Colaborative Linkage Grant no 983838); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS, France); i EcoNet projekta no 16214QE. I na kraju, najtoplije zahvaljujem svojoj porodici koja je uvijek bila uz mene i bez ije podrške sigurno ne bih mogla okonati ovaj rad. SADRŽAJ 1.UVOD......................................................................................................................................................1 1.1.Ultramafitnestijene......................................................................................................................2 1.1.1.RasprostranjenjeserpentinskihpodloganapodručjuBosne.............................................4 1.1.2.Karakteristikeserpentinskihhabitata....................................................................................5 1.1.2.1.Klima....................................................................................................................................5 1.1.2.2.Geološkopetrografskekarakteristike.............................................................................6 1.1.2.3.SpecifičnostitipoviserpentinskihtalauBosni.............................................................7 1.1.3.”Serpentinskisindrom“............................................................................................................9 1.1.3.1.Serpentiniibiljke.............................................................................................................11 1.1.3.2.PregledistraživanjaserpentinskefloreivegetacijeuBosni......................................13 1.1.3.3.Veličinegenomabiljakanaserpentinima....................................................................15 1.2.Biljkeiteškimetali.......................................................................................................................17 1.2.1.Odgovorbiljkenastres.........................................................................................................20 1.3.Bijelinarcis(NarcissuspoeticusL.).............................................................................................21 1.3.1.Karakteristikevrste.................................................................................................................22 1.3.2.CitogenetičkekarakteristikerodaNarcissus.......................................................................23 1.4.Ciljevi............................................................................................................................................26 2.MATERIJALIIMETODE.....................................................................................................................27 2.1.Veličinanuklearnoggenomaserpentinofita............................................................................27 2.1.1.OdređivanjeukupnenuklearnekoličineDNK..................................................................28 2.2.AnalizaukupnihkoncentracijaNi,Co,Mn,Fe,CaiMgubiljnom materijaluitlu....................................................................................................................................31 2.2.1.OdređivanjepHrizosfereuzorkovanihbijelihnarcisa.....................................................33 2.2.2.OdređivanjesadržajaNi,Co,Mn,Fe,MgiCaubiljnommaterijalu.............................33 2.2.3.OdređivanjesadržajaNi,Co,Mn,Fe,MgiCautlu..........................................................34 2.2.4.PreračunavanjeočitanihvrijednostinaAAS......................................................................36 2.3.Citogenetičkemetode.................................................................................................................36 2.3.1.Pripremahromosoma............................................................................................................37 2.3.2.BojenjemeristemakorjenčićapoFeulgenmetodiiodređivanjekariotipa klasičnommetodom.........................................................................................................................37 2.3.3.Bojenjesrebronitratom(AgNO3).........................................................................................38 2.3.4.Molekularnocitogenetičkemetode–Fluorohrombojenjehromosoma........................39 2.3.4.1.ChromomycinA3bojenje................................................................................................40 2.3.4.2.Hoechst33258bojenje......................................................................................................40 2.3.4.3.Fluorescentnainsituhibridizacija(FISH)....................................................................41
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