DOCSLIB.ORG

Observations on Hairs in the Capitula of Some Southern African Asteraceae Genera

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Observations on Hairs in the Capitula of Some Southern African Asteraceae Genera SO llth African Jovmal of Botany 2001 67 65 - 68 Copynght © NISC Ply Ltd Pnnted m South Afnca - All fights reSBfYed SOUTH AFRICAN JOU n NAL Of BOTANY /SSN 0254-6299 Observations on hairs in the capitula of some southern African Asteraceae genera PPJ Herman National Botanical Institute, Private Bag X101, Pretoria 0001, South Africa e-mail: [email protected] Received 29 May 2000, accep ted in revised form 26 September 2000 Septate hairs are recorded and described for the first the hairs have perpendicular cell walls. In Ursinia sub­ time from the capitula of various southern African aster· genus Sphenogyne the septate hairs also have oblique aceous genera . Such hairs are present on the paJeae of cell walls and, in addition, spiral wall thickenings. Eriocephalus L. , the cypselas of Tarchonanthus L. , Multicellular, biseriate hairs mixed with some septate Lasiospermum Lag., Arctotis L. and Arctotheca JC hairs were observed in Arctotheca. The basal coma of Wendl. and the receptacle of Lidbeckia PJ Bergius. The the cypselas of Arctotis and Haplocarpha Less. con­ basal coma of hairs on the cypselas of Ursinia Gaertn. sists of twin hairs. Septate hairs can be considered a subgenus Sphenogyne (R.Br.) Prassler also consists of generic characteristic of the genera Tarchonanthus and septate hairs. The hairs in Eriocepha/us, Arctotheca and possibly of the genera Eriocephalus, Tarchonanthus, Lasiospermum, Arctotis and Lasiospermum, Lidbeckia and Ursinia subgenus Arctotheca have obliqu.e cell walls while in Lidbeckia Sphenogyne. Introduction The cypselas of all the species of Lasiospermum Lag. and cypselas. The cypselas of the genus Arctotheca contain sim­ Tarchonanthus L. are enveloped by long , silky hairs, while ilar pilose hairs as Lasiospermum. Ursinia , Arctotis L. an d similar hairs are present on the paleae of all species of Haplocarpha Less. have a basal coma of hairs on their Eriocephalus L. The genera Eriocephalus and cypselas, but they belong to different tribes (Anthemideae Lasiospermum were revised by MOil er (1988) at the Nation al and Arctoteae respectively). Almost all th e genera belonging Herbarium of Namibia (WIND) but the results of his study to the tribe Arctoteae have hairY cypselas (Bremer 1994). It had not been published by the time he died tragically in a was decid ed to investig ate these hairs in more detail in motor ca r accident during April1 gg7. Permission was grant­ some southern African genera from these tribes. ed by the University of Stellenbosch for publication of the taxonomic part of his thesis by Ms H. Kolberg (WIND) and Materials and Methods myself as it was considered to be a valuable contri bution to plant taxonomy in so uthern Africa (MOi ler et al. in press) . Capitu la an d/or cypselas were obtained from herbariu m The Tarchonanthus camphoratlls L. complex in southern specimens housed in PRE (Table 1). A full list of taxa and Africa is currently being revised by myself (Herman in prep.). speci mens studied is available from the author. For quick While identifying and sorting the ta xa of these three genera, sca nning , the material was rehydrated in 'Windolene' and it was observed th at the hairs on the cypselas of the hairs temporarily mounted on microslides for Lasiospermum and Tarchonanthus species and on the microscopy. For photomicrography the material was soaked paJeae of Eriocephalus species were septate. The presence in boiling water, dissected and hairs from around the cypse­ of these outgrowths raised th e following questions: (1) Can las (Lasiospermum , Tarchonanthus and Arctotheca) , from septate hairs be considered a generic character in the basal com a (Haplocarpha and Ursinia) , the receptacle Eriocephalus, Lasiospermum and Tarchonanthus L.? (2)Are (Udbeckia) or from the outer paleae (Eriocephalus) were the long hairs on cypselas of other southern African genera, stained in toluidene blue for about 1 to 2 minutes. The e.g. Ursinia Gaertn. and Arctotheca J.CWendl. also sep­ preparations were washed in water and temporaril y mount­ tate? ed in a drop of water. Bl ack-and -white photom icrographs Apart from Er;ocephalus and Las;ospermum, the southern were taken with an Ol ympus-Va nox-S microscope using African genera Ursinia, Thaminophyfium Harv., Artemisia L" IIford Panf film with ASA 50. Inezia E Phillips, Udbeckia PJ Bergius and Cotula L. , in the It must be stre ssed that the ontogeny of th e hairs trtbe Anthemideae, were listed by Bremer and Humphries described here was not stUdied. (1 993) and Bremer (1994) as ha ving pilose receptacles or 66 Herman Table 1: List of genera and number of taxa examined Genus No. of taxa No. of taxa No. of specimens Literature reference for number of taxa in genus examined examined In southern Africa or subgen us Arctotheca JC Wendl 4 4 24 Bremer (1994) A/clotis L 64 3 11 Herman et 81 (1997) Eriocephafus L 26(37) (33) 230 Bremer (1 994). Muller el al. (in press) Haplocarpha Less 5 3 25 Herman et al. (1997) Lasiospermum Lag 4 2 20 Bremer (1994), Muller et al. (In press) Udbeckl8 PJ Berglus 2 1 3 Sremer (1994) Ta rc /Jonanthus l. 3(7) 3(7) 261 Paiva (1 972), Herman (in prep ) Ursmia Gaertn 34 20 108 Prassler (1967) subgenus Sphenogyne (R Sr.) Prassler Obse rvations hairs , where the upper cell dominates the lower cell . His the­ ory did not receive much attentio n as it was not reported In all the inves tigated species of Eriocephalus, afterwards in literature dealing with Lasiospermum . Lasiospermum , Tarchonanthus, Ursinia and Aretatl7eca the Beauverd (1915) described spiral wall thickenings in hairs hairs consisted of a long , uniseriate row of cells (Figure 1A). of Ursinia and Lasiospermum , but mentioned nothing about The cell walls between cells were very oblique (Figure 1B) septa , Faint but dense spiral wall thickenings were some­ and sometimes even 'footlike' (Figure 1C) . Similar septate times present in the septate hairs of Lasiospermum. Spiral hairs were observed in Udbeckia quinqueloba (U.) Casso wall thickenings in the coma of hairs at the base of the but the transverse cell walls were perpendicular to the outer cypselas in Ursinia species were reported by Hess (1938) walls of the hairs (Figure 1D). In Ursinia spiral wall thicken­ for one species (u. anthemoides (L.) PO ir.), but no septate ings also occurred (Figure 1 E), while in Lasiospermum faint hairs were recorded. Prassler (1967) noted the coma of but dense spiral wall thickenings were sometimes present hairs at the base of the cypselas in the subgenus (Figure 1F) . In Haplocarpha twin hairs were observed Sphenogyne of the genus Ursinia but did not mention septa (Figure 1G ) but no septate hairs, whereas in Arctotis both or spiral wall thickenings in these hairs. Robinson and twin hairs and some septate hairs were seen . In Arctotheca Brettell (1973) described the pappus of Ursinia as having calendula (L.) Levyns numerous, multicellular, biseriate spiral wall thickenings. This must be a mistake as the pap ­ hairs were present together with the septate hairs . In these pus of Ursinia consists of scales (Prassler 1967). True pap­ hairs the cell apices diverged slightly so that the next two pus bristles never occu r in the tribe Anthem ideae as in other cells arose between them (Figure 1 H). In the other tribes (Bremer and Humphries 1993). It could be that Arctotheca species studied , these hairs were fewer and Robinson and Brettell actually referred to the basal coma of mixed with some septate ha irs . hairs . Bremer and Humphries (1993) described 'rather stiff. unbranched hairs of 3-8 cells with spiral wall thickenings' Discussion from the cypselas of Microcepha/a Pobed ., a genus from Asia, Iran, Afghanistan and Pakistan. This could perhaps be The tribe Anthemideae (s ubfamily As teroideae) similar to the hairs from the basal coma of cypselas from The genera Eriocephalus, Lasiospermum, Ursinia and Ursinia described here, but no mention was made about the Udbeckia belong to the tribe Anthemideae of the subfamily kind of cell walls and no illustration was provided. Asteroideae (Bremer and Humphries 1993, Bremer 1994). In Lidbeckia septate hairs are rare, very few having been Most species of these genera are southern African found on the receptacle of only one species, L. quinque/oba endemics (Bremer and Humphries 1993). (3 specimens). The receptacie of the other species, L. pecti­ MOiler (1988), in his unpublished version of the rev ision of nata PJ Bergius , was found to be glabrous. The perpendi­ the genera Eriocephalus and Lasiospermum , did not refer to cular cell walls of the septate hairs in L. quinqueloba could septate hairs or spiral wall thickenings in the capitula of be used in distingu ish ing between genera and/or species. these genera, although much attention was given to the The other southern African genera in the tri be ontogeny of the capitula. Hess (1938) referred to the septate Anthemideae described by Bremer and Humphries (1993) hairs of Lasiospermum radiatum Trevir. as modified twin and Bremer (1994) as having pilose receptacles or cypselas Figure 1: Light micrographs of septate hairs (A) Hair consisting of rang. uniseriate row of cells from a cypsela of Tarchonanthus tnlobus DC. var. galpinii (Hutch . & E.Phillips) Paiva (Smuts 13, PRE), Scale = 1001Jm ; (8) Oblique cell wall In a hair from a cypseJa of Tarchonanthus cam­ phora/us L (Acocks 2352, PRE) Scale = 10J.lm; (C) Foollike cell wall tn a hair from a cypsela of a Tarchonanthus sp_ (Pole-Evans 2495(42), PRE), Scale = 10IJm (O) Perpendicular cell wall in a hair from th e receptacle of Udbeckia quinque/oba (L.t.) Casso(G alptn 10578, PRE). Scale = 10IJm (E) Spiral wall thickenings and septum in a hair from the basal coma of hairs of a cypsela of Ursinia heterodonta (DC.) N.E.Br.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Chapter 1: General Introduction
    THE CHEMOTAXONOMY, PHYLOGENY AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF THE GENUS ERIOCEPHALUS L. (ASTERACEAE) Elizabeth Wanjiku Njenga A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree Of Doctor of Philosophy Johannesburg, 2005. i DECLARATION I declare that this thesis is my own work. It is submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg. It has not been submitted for any degree or examination at any other university. The abstracts and copies of paper(s) included are part of this work. Signature Date ii DEDICATION To Joy, Shalom and George, my lifetime friends, for their love, courage, strength and prayers that inspired me to face all the challenges… iii ABSTRACT The genus Eriocephalus commonly known as ‘wild rosemary’, ‘Cape snow bush’, or ‘kapokbos’ is a member of the family Asteraceae (tribe Anthemideae). The genus is endemic to southern Africa, with the highest concentration of species in the Western and Northern Cape. The genus comprises 32 species and a total of 42 taxa, which are distributed in South Africa, Namibia, Botswana, and Lesotho. The characters used in species delimitation are purely based on morphological variation in floral and foliar parts and are highly homoplastic due to phenotypic plasticity. In many cases these features are not sufficiently distinctive, as some taxa tend to exhibit dimorphism in some character states such as the presence of opposite and alternate leaves. In some species there is extensive intergrading of the major diagnostic characters leading to uncertainty in species delimitation.
    [Show full text]
  • The Jepson Manual: Vascular Plants of California, Second Edition Supplement II December 2014
    The Jepson Manual: Vascular Plants of California, Second Edition Supplement II December 2014 In the pages that follow are treatments that have been revised since the publication of the Jepson eFlora, Revision 1 (July 2013). The information in these revisions is intended to supersede that in the second edition of The Jepson Manual (2012). The revised treatments, as well as errata and other small changes not noted here, are included in the Jepson eFlora (http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/IJM.html). For a list of errata and small changes in treatments that are not included here, please see: http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/JM12_errata.html Citation for the entire Jepson eFlora: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) [year] Jepson eFlora, http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/IJM.html [accessed on month, day, year] Citation for an individual treatment in this supplement: [Author of taxon treatment] 2014. [Taxon name], Revision 2, in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, [URL for treatment]. Accessed on [month, day, year]. Copyright © 2014 Regents of the University of California Supplement II, Page 1 Summary of changes made in Revision 2 of the Jepson eFlora, December 2014 PTERIDACEAE *Pteridaceae key to genera: All of the CA members of Cheilanthes transferred to Myriopteris *Cheilanthes: Cheilanthes clevelandii D. C. Eaton changed to Myriopteris clevelandii (D. C. Eaton) Grusz & Windham, as native Cheilanthes cooperae D. C. Eaton changed to Myriopteris cooperae (D. C. Eaton) Grusz & Windham, as native Cheilanthes covillei Maxon changed to Myriopteris covillei (Maxon) Á. Löve & D. Löve, as native Cheilanthes feei T. Moore changed to Myriopteris gracilis Fée, as native Cheilanthes gracillima D.
    [Show full text]
  • Sand Mine Near Robertson, Western Cape Province
    SAND MINE NEAR ROBERTSON, WESTERN CAPE PROVINCE BOTANICAL STUDY AND ASSESSMENT Version: 1.0 Date: 06 April 2020 Authors: Gerhard Botha & Dr. Jan -Hendrik Keet PROPOSED EXPANSION OF THE SAND MINE AREA ON PORTION4 OF THE FARM ZANDBERG FONTEIN 97, SOUTH OF ROBERTSON, WESTERN CAPE PROVINCE Report Title: Botanical Study and Assessment Authors: Mr. Gerhard Botha and Dr. Jan-Hendrik Keet Project Name: Proposed expansion of the sand mine area on Portion 4 of the far Zandberg Fontein 97 south of Robertson, Western Cape Province Status of report: Version 1.0 Date: 6th April 2020 Prepared for: Greenmined Environmental Postnet Suite 62, Private Bag X15 Somerset West 7129 Cell: 082 734 5113 Email: [email protected] Prepared by Nkurenkuru Ecology and Biodiversity 3 Jock Meiring Street Park West Bloemfontein 9301 Cell: 083 412 1705 Email: gabotha11@gmail com Suggested report citation Nkurenkuru Ecology and Biodiversity, 2020. Section 102 Application (Expansion of mining footprint) and Final Basic Assessment & Environmental Management Plan for the proposed expansion of the sand mine on Portion 4 of the Farm Zandberg Fontein 97, Western Cape Province. Botanical Study and Assessment Report. Unpublished report prepared by Nkurenkuru Ecology and Biodiversity for GreenMined Environmental. Version 1.0, 6 April 2020. Proposed expansion of the zandberg sand mine April 2020 botanical STUDY AND ASSESSMENT I. DECLARATION OF CONSULTANTS INDEPENDENCE » act/ed as the independent specialist in this application; » regard the information contained in this
    [Show full text]
  • Annotated Checklist of Vascular Flora, Bryce
    National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Natural Resource Program Center Annotated Checklist of Vascular Flora Bryce Canyon National Park Natural Resource Technical Report NPS/NCPN/NRTR–2009/153 ON THE COVER Matted prickly-phlox (Leptodactylon caespitosum), Bryce Canyon National Park, Utah. Photograph by Walter Fertig. Annotated Checklist of Vascular Flora Bryce Canyon National Park Natural Resource Technical Report NPS/NCPN/NRTR–2009/153 Author Walter Fertig Moenave Botanical Consulting 1117 W. Grand Canyon Dr. Kanab, UT 84741 Sarah Topp Northern Colorado Plateau Network P.O. Box 848 Moab, UT 84532 Editing and Design Alice Wondrak Biel Northern Colorado Plateau Network P.O. Box 848 Moab, UT 84532 January 2009 U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Natural Resource Program Center Fort Collins, Colorado The Natural Resource Publication series addresses natural resource topics that are of interest and applicability to a broad readership in the National Park Service and to others in the management of natural resources, including the scientifi c community, the public, and the NPS conservation and environmental constituencies. Manuscripts are peer-reviewed to ensure that the information is scientifi cally credible, technically accurate, appropriately written for the intended audience, and is designed and published in a professional manner. The Natural Resource Technical Report series is used to disseminate the peer-reviewed results of scientifi c studies in the physical, biological, and social sciences for both the advancement of science and the achievement of the National Park Service’s mission. The reports provide contributors with a forum for displaying comprehensive data that are often deleted from journals because of page limitations.
    [Show full text]
  • Vegetation Survey of Mount Gorongosa
    VEGETATION SURVEY OF MOUNT GORONGOSA Tom Müller, Anthony Mapaura, Bart Wursten, Christopher Chapano, Petra Ballings & Robin Wild 2008 (published 2012) Occasional Publications in Biodiversity No. 23 VEGETATION SURVEY OF MOUNT GORONGOSA Tom Müller, Anthony Mapaura, Bart Wursten, Christopher Chapano, Petra Ballings & Robin Wild 2008 (published 2012) Occasional Publications in Biodiversity No. 23 Biodiversity Foundation for Africa P.O. Box FM730, Famona, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe Vegetation Survey of Mt Gorongosa, page 2 SUMMARY Mount Gorongosa is a large inselberg almost 700 sq. km in extent in central Mozambique. With a vertical relief of between 900 and 1400 m above the surrounding plain, the highest point is at 1863 m. The mountain consists of a Lower Zone (mainly below 1100 m altitude) containing settlements and over which the natural vegetation cover has been strongly modified by people, and an Upper Zone in which much of the natural vegetation is still well preserved. Both zones are very important to the hydrology of surrounding areas. Immediately adjacent to the mountain lies Gorongosa National Park, one of Mozambique's main conservation areas. A key issue in recent years has been whether and how to incorporate the upper parts of Mount Gorongosa above 700 m altitude into the existing National Park, which is primarily lowland. [These areas were eventually incorporated into the National Park in 2010.] In recent years the unique biodiversity and scenic beauty of Mount Gorongosa have come under severe threat from the destruction of natural vegetation. This is particularly acute as regards moist evergreen forest, the loss of which has accelerated to alarming proportions.
    [Show full text]
  • Albuca Spiralis
    Flowering Plants of Africa A magazine containing colour plates with descriptions of flowering plants of Africa and neighbouring islands Edited by G. Germishuizen with assistance of E. du Plessis and G.S. Condy Volume 62 Pretoria 2011 Editorial Board A. Nicholas University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, RSA D.A. Snijman South African National Biodiversity Institute, Cape Town, RSA Referees and other co-workers on this volume H.J. Beentje, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK D. Bridson, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK P. Burgoyne, South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, RSA J.E. Burrows, Buffelskloof Nature Reserve & Herbarium, Lydenburg, RSA C.L. Craib, Bryanston, RSA G.D. Duncan, South African National Biodiversity Institute, Cape Town, RSA E. Figueiredo, Department of Plant Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, RSA H.F. Glen, South African National Biodiversity Institute, Durban, RSA P. Goldblatt, Missouri Botanical Garden, St Louis, Missouri, USA G. Goodman-Cron, School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, RSA D.J. Goyder, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK A. Grobler, South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, RSA R.R. Klopper, South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, RSA J. Lavranos, Loulé, Portugal S. Liede-Schumann, Department of Plant Systematics, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany J.C. Manning, South African National Biodiversity Institute, Cape Town, RSA A. Nicholas, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, RSA R.B. Nordenstam, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden B.D. Schrire, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK P. Silveira, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal H. Steyn, South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, RSA P. Tilney, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, RSA E.J.
    [Show full text]
  • Die Plantfamilie ASTERACEAE: 6
    ISSN 0254-3486 = SA Tydskrif vir Natuurwetenskap en Tegnologie 23, no. 1 & 2 2004 35 Algemene artikel Die plantfamilie ASTERACEAE: 6. Die subfamilie Asteroideae P.P.J. Herman Nasionale Botaniese Instituut, Privaat sak X101, Pretoria, 0001 e-pos: [email protected] UITTREKSEL Die tribusse van die subfamilie Asteroideae word meer volledig in hierdie artikel beskryf. Die genusse wat aan dié tribusse behoort word gelys en hulle verspreiding aangedui. ABSTRACT The plant family Asteraceae: 6. The subfamily Asteroideae. The tribes of the subfamily Asteroideae are described in this article. Genera belonging to the different tribes are listed and their distribution given. INLEIDING Tribus ANTHEMIDEAE Cass. Hierdie artikel is die laaste in die reeks oor die plantfamilie Verteenwoordigers van hierdie tribus is gewoonlik aromaties, Asteraceae.1-5 In die vorige artikel is die klassifikasie bokant byvoorbeeld Artemisia afra (wilde-als), Eriocephalus-soorte, familievlak asook die indeling van die familie Asteraceae in sub- Pentzia-soorte.4 Die feit dat hulle aromaties is, beteken dat hulle families en tribusse bespreek.5 Hierdie artikel handel oor die baie chemiese stowwe bevat. Hierdie stowwe word dikwels subfamilie Asteroideae van die familie Asteraceae, met ’n aangewend vir medisyne (Artemisia) of insekgif (Tanacetum).4 bespreking van die tribusse en die genusse wat aan die verskillende Verder is hulle blaartjies gewoonlik fyn verdeeld en selfs by dié tribusse behoort. Die ‘edelweiss’ wat in die musiekblyspel The met onverdeelde blaartjies, is die blaartjies klein en naaldvormig sound of music besing word, behoort aan die tribus Gnaphalieae (Erica-agtig). Die pappus bestaan gewoonlik uit vry of vergroeide van die subfamilie Asteroideae.
    [Show full text]
  • Arctotheca Prostrata (Asteraceae: Arctotideae), a South African Species Now Present in Mexico
    Botanical Sciences 93 (4): 877-880, 2015 TAXONOMY AND FLORISTICS DOI: 10.17129/botsci.223 ARCTOTHECA PROSTRATA (ASTERACEAE: ARCTOTIDEAE), A SOUTH AFRICAN SPECIES NOW PRESENT IN MEXICO OSCAR HINOJOSA-ESPINOSA1,2,3 Y JOSÉ LUIS VILLASEÑOR1 1Instituto de Biología, Departamento de Botánica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D. F. 2Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Comparada, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México D.F. 3Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract: Arctotheca prostrata is a South African species that has been introduced in other parts of the world, such as California and Australia. Here we report the presence of A. prostrata for the fi rst time in Mexico. To date we have detected the species in nine sites south of Mexico City. The species shows weedy tendencies at each site. It is possible that A. prostrata arrived to Mexico through horticulture and later escaped from cultivation. This species needs to be included in the list of Mexican prohibited weeds, thus permitting the implementation of preventive strategies to avoid its spreading in the country. Key words: Arctotidinae, escaped from cultivation, introduced weeds, South African weeds. Resumen: Arctotheca prostrata es una especie sudafricana que se encuentra introducida en otras partes del mundo, tales como California y Australia. En este artículo se da a conocer por primera vez la presencia de A. prostrata en México. Hasta el momento la especie se ha detectado en nueve sitios al sur de la Ciudad de México. En cada localidad, la especie se comporta como maleza. Es posible que A. prostrata haya llegado a México a través de la horticultura y posteriormente escapara de cultivo.
    [Show full text]
  • Everywhere but Antarctica: Using a Super Tree to Understand the Diversity and Distribution of the Compositae
    BS 55 343 Everywhere but Antarctica: Using a super tree to understand the diversity and distribution of the Compositae VICKI A. FUNK, RANDALL J. BAYER, STERLING KEELEY, RAYMUND CHAN, LINDA WATSON, BIRGIT GEMEINHOLZER, EDWARD SCHILLING, JOSE L. PANERO, BRUCE G. BALDWIN, NURIA GARCIA-JACAS, ALFONSO SUSANNA AND ROBERT K. JANSEN FUNK, VA., BAYER, R.J., KEELEY, S., CHAN, R., WATSON, L, GEMEINHOLZER, B., SCHILLING, E., PANERO, J.L., BALDWIN, B.G., GARCIA-JACAS, N., SUSANNA, A. &JANSEN, R.K 2005. Everywhere but Antarctica: Using a supertree to understand the diversity and distribution of the Compositae. Biol. Skr. 55: 343-374. ISSN 0366-3612. ISBN 87-7304-304-4. One of every 10 flowering plant species is in the family Compositae. With ca. 24,000-30,000 species in 1600-1700 genera and a distribution that is global except for Antarctica, it is the most diverse of all plant families. Although clearly mouophyletic, there is a great deal of diversity among the members: habit varies from annual and perennial herbs to shrubs, vines, or trees, and species grow in nearly every type of habitat from lowland forests to the high alpine fell fields, though they are most common in open areas. Some are well-known weeds, but most species have restricted distributions, and members of this family are often important components of 'at risk' habitats as in the Cape Floral Kingdom or the Hawaiian Islands. The sub-familial classification and ideas about major patterns of evolution and diversification within the family remained largely unchanged from Beutham through Cronquist. Recently obtained data, both morphologi- cal and molecular, have allowed us to examine the distribution and evolution of the family in a way that was never before possible.
    [Show full text]
  • Genetic Diversity and Evolution in Lactuca L. (Asteraceae)
    Genetic diversity and evolution in Lactuca L. (Asteraceae) from phylogeny to molecular breeding Zhen Wei Thesis committee Promotor Prof. Dr M.E. Schranz Professor of Biosystematics Wageningen University Other members Prof. Dr P.C. Struik, Wageningen University Dr N. Kilian, Free University of Berlin, Germany Dr R. van Treuren, Wageningen University Dr M.J.W. Jeuken, Wageningen University This research was conducted under the auspices of the Graduate School of Experimental Plant Sciences. Genetic diversity and evolution in Lactuca L. (Asteraceae) from phylogeny to molecular breeding Zhen Wei Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of doctor at Wageningen University by the authority of the Rector Magnificus Prof. Dr A.P.J. Mol, in the presence of the Thesis Committee appointed by the Academic Board to be defended in public on Monday 25 January 2016 at 1.30 p.m. in the Aula. Zhen Wei Genetic diversity and evolution in Lactuca L. (Asteraceae) - from phylogeny to molecular breeding, 210 pages. PhD thesis, Wageningen University, Wageningen, NL (2016) With references, with summary in Dutch and English ISBN 978-94-6257-614-8 Contents Chapter 1 General introduction 7 Chapter 2 Phylogenetic relationships within Lactuca L. (Asteraceae), including African species, based on chloroplast DNA sequence comparisons* 31 Chapter 3 Phylogenetic analysis of Lactuca L. and closely related genera (Asteraceae), using complete chloroplast genomes and nuclear rDNA sequences 99 Chapter 4 A mixed model QTL analysis for salt tolerance in
    [Show full text]
  • Taxonomic Reassessment and Typification of Species Names in Arctotis L
    adansonia 2019 ● 41 ● 14 DIRECTEUR DE LA PUBLICATION : Bruno David Président du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle RÉDACTEUR EN CHEF / EDITOR-IN-CHIEF : Thierry Deroin RÉDACTEURS / EDITORS : Porter P. Lowry II ; Zachary S. Rogers ASSISTANTS DE RÉDACTION / ASSISTANT EDITORS : Emmanuel Côtez ([email protected]) MISE EN PAGE / PAGE LAYOUT : Emmanuel Côtez COMITÉ SCIENTIFIQUE / SCIENTIFIC BOARD : P. Baas (Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Wageningen) F. Blasco (CNRS, Toulouse) M. W. Callmander (Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève) J. A. Doyle (University of California, Davis) P. K. Endress (Institute of Systematic Botany, Zürich) P. Feldmann (Cirad, Montpellier) L. Gautier (Conservatoire et Jardins botaniques de la Ville de Genève) F. Ghahremaninejad (Kharazmi University, Téhéran) K. Iwatsuki (Museum of Nature and Human Activities, Hyogo) K. Kubitzki (Institut für Allgemeine Botanik, Hamburg) J.-Y. Lesouef (Conservatoire botanique de Brest) P. Morat (Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris) J. Munzinger (Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Montpellier) S. E. Rakotoarisoa (Millenium Seed Bank, Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, Madagascar Conservation Centre, Antananarivo) É. A. Rakotobe (Centre d’Applications des Recherches pharmaceutiques, Antananarivo) P. H. Raven (Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis) G. Tohmé (Conseil national de la Recherche scientifique Liban, Beyrouth) J. G. West (Australian National Herbarium, Canberra) J. R. Wood (Oxford) COUVERTURE / COVER : Lectotype of Calendula graminifolia L. (Commelin
    [Show full text]
  • Literaturverzeichnis
    Literaturverzeichnis Abaimov, A.P., 2010: Geographical Distribution and Ackerly, D.D., 2009: Evolution, origin and age of Genetics of Siberian Larch Species. In Osawa, A., line ages in the Californian and Mediterranean flo- Zyryanova, O.A., Matsuura, Y., Kajimoto, T. & ras. Journal of Biogeography 36, 1221–1233. Wein, R.W. (eds.), Permafrost Ecosystems. Sibe- Acocks, J.P.H., 1988: Veld Types of South Africa. 3rd rian Larch Forests. Ecological Studies 209, 41–58. Edition. Botanical Research Institute, Pretoria, Abbadie, L., Gignoux, J., Le Roux, X. & Lepage, M. 146 pp. (eds.), 2006: Lamto. Structure, Functioning, and Adam, P., 1990: Saltmarsh Ecology. Cambridge Uni- Dynamics of a Savanna Ecosystem. Ecological Stu- versity Press. Cambridge, 461 pp. dies 179, 415 pp. Adam, P., 1994: Australian Rainforests. Oxford Bio- Abbott, R.J. & Brochmann, C., 2003: History and geography Series No. 6 (Oxford University Press), evolution of the arctic flora: in the footsteps of Eric 308 pp. Hultén. Molecular Ecology 12, 299–313. Adam, P., 1994: Saltmarsh and mangrove. In Groves, Abbott, R.J. & Comes, H.P., 2004: Evolution in the R.H. (ed.), Australian Vegetation. 2nd Edition. Arctic: a phylogeographic analysis of the circu- Cambridge University Press, Melbourne, pp. marctic plant Saxifraga oppositifolia (Purple Saxi- 395–435. frage). New Phytologist 161, 211–224. Adame, M.F., Neil, D., Wright, S.F. & Lovelock, C.E., Abbott, R.J., Chapman, H.M., Crawford, R.M.M. & 2010: Sedimentation within and among mangrove Forbes, D.G., 1995: Molecular diversity and deri- forests along a gradient of geomorphological set- vations of populations of Silene acaulis and Saxi- tings.
    [Show full text]