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Technical Assistance Consultant's Report Technical Assistance Consultant’s Report Project Number: 46470-001 January 2018 TA8572 (REG): Action on Climate Change in South Asia (Financed by the Asian Development Bank) Prepared by: MST Farida Perveen, Md. Golam Mahabub Sarwar, Md. Sirajul Islam, Md. Shameem Bhuiyan, and Abu Hena Md. Mostafa Dhaka, Bangladesh For: South Asia Department Asian Development Bank This consultant’s report does not necessarily reflect the views of ADB or the Government concerned, and ADB and the Government cannot be held liable for its contents. (For project preparatory technical assistance: All the views expressed herein may not be incorporated into the proposed project’s design. Final Asian Development Bank Government of Bangladesh Report on Hazard, Exposure, Vulnerability and Risk (HEVR) Spatial Data Project No: 46470-001 TA 8572 REG: Action on Climate Change in South Asia Asian Development Bank Databases January 2018 1 Report on Hazard, Exposure, Vulnerability and Risk (HEVR) Spatial Data Project No: 46470-001 TA 8572 REG: Action on Climate Change in South Asia Prepared by - TA National Consultant Team Asian Development Bank Dr. Mst. Farida Perveen Remote Sensing-GIS Specialist and Team Leader Dr. Md. Sirajul Islam Disaster Management Specialist Dr. Md. Golam Mahabub Sarwar Climate Risk and Vulnerability Assessment Specialist Dr. Shameem Hassan Bhuiyan Hydro-Meteorologist Abu Hena Md. Mostafa Climate Change Economist Project Officer TA National Coordinator Liping Zheng Dr. Nurun Nahar Asian Development Bank Programming Division, Planning Commission 2 Table of Contents LIST OF TABLES. ………………………………………………………………………………………...5 LIST OF FIGURES ……………………………………………………………………………………….5 ACRONYMS …………………………………………………………………………………......6 1. INTRODUCTION ……………………………………………………………………………..7 2. COORDINATE AND CONSULT WITH RELEVANT ORGANIZATIONS FOR SOURCING AND COLLECTION OF SPATIAL DATA…………………………………………….8 2.1 Organization visits: …………………………………………………………………...8 2.1.1 Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS)……………………………………………10 2.1.2 Department of Agricultural Extension (DAE) …………………………………….10 2.1.3 Soil Resource Development Institute (SRDI)……………………………………...11 2.1.4 Survey of Bangladesh (SOB..……………………………………………………...11 2.1.5 Department of Forest (FD)…………………………………………………………12 2.1.6 Water Resources Planning Organization (WARPO)………………………………12 2.1.7 Local Government Engineering Department (LGED)……………………………..12 2.1.8 Department of Public Health Engineering (DPHE)………………………………..13 2.1.9 Bangladesh Water Development Board (BWDB)….……………………………...13 2.1.10 Department of Disaster Management (DDM)……………………………………13 3. COMPREHENSIVE LIST OF MAPABLE DATA AND MAPS FROM DIFFERENT SOURCES IN RAW ARCGIS FORMATS……………………………………………………..14 4. UNDERTAKE A DETAILED REVIEW OF EXISTING DATASETS……………………..17 4.1 Administrative data…………………………………………………………………..17 4.2 Climatic data…………………………………………………………………………18 4.2.1 Meteorological Stations in Bangladesh……………………………………19 4.2.2 Present status and future scope of historical climate data in Bangladesh…20 4.3 Hydrographic/ water body/ water quality data………………………………………25 4.4 Natural Features……………………………………………………………………..27 4.5 Geo-Physical data……………………………………………………………………27 4.6 Physical Infrastructure……………………………………………………………….29 4.7 Socio-economic Data………………………………………………………………...30 3 4.8 Spatial Data at a Glance……………………………………………………………..31 4.9 List of HEVRI Mappable Data and Maps for Agriculture and Water Sectors………33 4.10 HEV Matching Template For Agriculture and Water sectors……………………...37 5. SPATIAL DATA QUALITY………………………………………………………………….39 5.1 Quality check of existing datasets……………………………………………………40 5.2 Challenges………………………………………………………………………........42 6. CONCLUDING REMARKS………………………………………………………………….43 7. REFERENCES…………………………………………………………………………………………44 4 List of Tables Table 1: Schedule of organization visit ………………………………………………………….9 Table 2: Comprehensive list of mapable data and maps from different sources in raw ArcGIS formats …………………………………………………………………………………………..15 Table 3: List of Administrative data …………………………………………………………….17 Table 4: Climatic data: Position and date of operation of different BMD stations………….......18 Table 5: List of data from BMD…………………………………………………………………19 Table 6: Comparison of previous and present Climate data observation facilities in Bangladesh……………………………………………………………………………………….25 Table 7: List of Hydrographic/ water body/ water quality data………………………………….26 Table 8: Inventory of natural features data………………………………………………………27 Table 9: Physical Infrastructure…………………………………………………………………30 Table 10: Socio-economic Data………………………………………………………………….30 Table 11: Spatial Data at a Glance……………………………………………………………….31 Table 12. Inventory/List of HEVRI Mappable Data and Maps for Agriculture and Water Sector…………………………………………………………………………………………….33 Table 13: HEV Matching Template For agriculture and water sectors………………………….37 List of Figures Figure 1: Meteorological Stations of BMD …..…………………………………………………20 Figure 2: Agro-ecological Zone of Bangladesh (Source: BARC)…..…………………………...21 Figure 3: Operational Meteorological Observatories in Bangladesh…………………………………….24 Figure 4. Seismic zoning map for Bangladesh…………………………………………………..28 Figure 5. Landslide susceptibility of the country………………………………………………..29 5 Acronyms ADB : Asian Development Bank ADP : Annual Development Programme BBS : Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics BMD : Bangladesh Meteorological Department BCCSAP : Bangladesh Climate Change Strategy and Action Plan BWDB : Bangladesh Water Development Board CRS : Climate Risk Screening CRVS : Climate Risk and Vulnerability Screening CRVA : Climate Risk and Vulnerability Assessment DDM : Department of Disaster Management DoE : Department of Environment DMCs : Developing Member Countries DSS : Decision-Support System DAE : Department of Agricultural Extension DPHE : Department of Public Health Engineering FD : Department of Forest GIS : Geographic Information Systems LGED : Local Government Engineering Department SRDI : Soil Resources Development Institute SOB : Survey of Bangladesh WARPO : Water Resources Planning Organization 6 1. Introduction Bangladesh is frequently affected by cyclones and storm surges (Karim 1995, Alam et al. 2003, Islam and Peterson 2009). Besides flood and cyclones, Bangladesh is also vulnerable to many slow onset disasters. It is greatly feared that Bangladesh will be highly affected by sea-level rise and saline intrusion (Milliman et al. 1989, Sarwar and Khan 2007, Sarwar 2013). The country is also vulnerable to drought (Habiba et al. 2012), erosion (Sarwar and Woodroffe 2013), salinity (SRDI 2010) and landslide (Sarwar 2008). The geographic status of Bangladesh has made it one of the most vulnerable countries to climate change among the South Asia developing member countries (DMCs) of ADB (BCCSAP 2009). Frequently occurring natural disasters, high population density, poor infrastructure and low resilience to economic variability make Bangladesh even more vulnerable to climate variability and changes. Different parts of Bangladesh suffer from various natural disasters such as flooding, river bank erosion, drought, flash floods, forest fires, landslides and tropical cyclones. The coastal belt has historically well-known large cyclones and surges. Climate change and sea level rise will worsen this scenario of cyclones in the near future (Sarwar 2013). Other disasters include tornadoes, hailstorms and lightening which are projected to be more frequent and intense because of global warming. This project will encompass a survey of data required for climate risk screening and climate risk and vulnerability assessment. ADB developed a climate risk screening system in 2013 which was applied in South Asia developing member countries to evaluate the level of risks. The screening report provided by the ADB tool includes a preliminary evaluation of climate/ weather- related as well as associated geological and geophysical risks. The medium or high risk projects face further screening through dedicated screening tools. Temperature increase, precipitation change, wind speed change, sea- level rise, solar radiation change, water availability, flooding, tropical storms, wildfire, permafrost, sea ice, snow loading, and/or landslides can be considered as hazard components of risks (ADB 2014). These risk assessments can be in forms of risk overlays, thematic maps generated by index and/ or criteria-based methodologies and their combinations. Project lifespan, design, and efficacy can be affected by the risk assessment which may lead to recommendations on strategic and co- beneficial climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction and management options. However, spatial data is very important to carry out such vulnerability assessment. Spatial data in Bangladesh is scare and maintained by various organization with inadequate cooperation among themselves (WAPRO 2012). 7 The main objective of the report is to develop HEVR spatial databases for CRS and CRVA study. To perform the task, data from various organizations is required. In order to develop HEVR spatial databases, the consultant team has visited different organizations and is collecting the spatial and non-spatial data from different sources such as- Ministries/Departments/Agencies which was previously listed through scoping study. By this time the team has achieved a significant progress in collection of data required for development of HEVR spatial databases. 2. Coordinate and consult with relevant organizations for sourcing and collection of spatial data 2.1 Organization visits: For the development
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