DOCSLIB.ORG

Kichwa-English-Spanish Dictionary

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Kichwa-English-Spanish Dictionary Nina Kinti-Moss Nematni Baltazar Masaquiza Chango 2nd edition Kichwa-English-Spanish Dictionary Nina Kinti-Moss Nematni Baltazar Masaquiza Chango 2nd edition Copyright © 2018 The Authors This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. Published by the Center for Latin American & Caribbean Studies University of Kansas Lawrence, Kansas In a cramped Quito apartment in the late 1990s, the first draft of this dictionary, in Kichwa and Spanish, was written by my brother, Nematni Baltazar Masaquiza Chango. In the fall of 2004, with my beginning Kichwa students at Kansas University, and then with my Kichwa II students in the spring of 2005, we added many words and the English meanings to make it a tri-lingual Kichwa-Spanish-English dictionary. Kichwa is the most widely spoken indigenous language of the Americas. It is spoken today in Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia. There are dialectical differences between regions. Within Ecuador, where I grew up, one finds minor letter changes between regions. In one dialect people might say kanda instead of kanta; jaka instead of q’aqa; ufiana or upina instead of uvyana; maskana, instead of mashkana. Kichwa speakers and students will notice that I have not strictly followed the pronunciation and spelling conventions of Ecuadorian Unified Kichwa, but rather have applied vocabulary and conventions from Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia. Why did I do this? In part, I have taken advantage of a language that is not yet standardized—Ecuadorian Kichwa isn’t—to experiment in using other indigenous’ peoples’ letters. For example, Mayans and Aztec intellectuals have been reclaiming their own languages and using their original codices as guides. Borrowing words and letters from other languages is happening all the time, but there is often a forced quality in the way European languages and letters have come into indigenous languages. Why can’t Kichwa borrow letters from other indigenous cultures? Or words from cousin languages like Aymara? To reclaim ownership of our language, we need to re-assume authority over it. In the Andes, Kichwa did not have written form. Instead, Catholic missionaries translated the Bible into Kichwa using the Spanish alphabet according to ears trained by Spanish sounds and rules. As more and more native Kichwas have achieved university degrees, many have made efforts to reclaim our language, to make it our own rather than ruled by conventions developed and imposed by non-native speakers. An example is the recent assertion of Mayans and Kichwas who have gone through the considerable trouble of changing from Spanish, Christian names to indigenous names. This dictionary is written for Kichwa speakers and non-Kichwa speakers. Whoever wants to learn the language of the Inkas should find it useful. A native English speaker does not have to know Spanish in order to learn Kichwa. We hope this dictionary will also be useful for translators of academic works, school teachers, radio and television producers, and travelers who want to communicate with Kichwa speakers throughout the Andes. I want more people to be exposed to Kichwa, learn it, and support its preservation. English speakers need to know a few more details about regional usages and how they are used here. Ecuadorian Kichwa speakers use three vowels, a, i, and u. Peruvian and Bolivian Quechua have words pronounced with the e and o. The Kichwa alphabet I have used here is gathered from various books from Peru, Bolivia and Ecuador. I used the letter k instead of c. The letter j is used for the h, and for the past habitual tense and adjectives. The marked letter k’ or q’ are used instead of kh, the letter p’ instead of ph. Ecuador uses the letters sh like English, but Peru and Bolivia use only s. For example, in Ecuador we say shunku, but in Peru and Bolivia Quechua speakers say sonko or sonqoy. Nina Kinti-Moss (formerly Martina Masaquiza) Kichwa Instructor Center for Latin American Studies University of Kansas 1 Kichwa-English-Spanish Dictionary The definition of (neo.) is: A newly created word. Kichwa English Spanish Part of speech Category aa hope ojalá verb; noun expect and wish; have hopes abyayala america américa noun the Americas organización de estados abyayala patapak tandanakuy organization of American states americanos noun an organized structure ach perhaps quizá adv chance ach should be debe ser verb had better achacha (neo.) toy juguete noun toy achachay cold, expression frío; que adj temperature achachi (neo.) grandfather abuelo noun family achalla admirable admirable adj pleasing achallana please (to) complacer verb; adv pleasure; delight achallanina like (to); be fond of (to) aficionar adj same achallku (neo.) chukllu aqcha corn silk pelo de maiz noun cornsilk achankara flower (white) flor blanca noun flowers achari like; should be así debe ser verb; adj comparable acharina belief creer noun faith achariñina (neo.) doubt a little (to) dudar un poco verb; noun incertitude achik light; electricity luz; luz eléctica noun energy achiklla clear claro adj; verb clean achiknina shine; clear brillar verb; adj; noun glow achikyachik light bulb foco noun bulb achikyana morning dawn; dusk madrugada noun; verb time of day achimama godmother madrina noun family achitayta godfather padrino noun family achiwa (neo.) umbrella; parasol parasol; paraguas noun; adj canopy achiykamayuk (neo.) enchanting; sorcerer hechicero adj; verb magician achiyna (neo.) divine (to); guess (to) adivinar adj; verb; noun godlike 2 Kichwa English Spanish Part of speech Category achka a lot; abundant; much abundante; bastante adj ample; rich achka kutin many times; several times muchas veces adj; noun lots achkamayuk wealth; riches riqueza noun wealthiness achkayachina increase; grow (to) aumentar verb; noun gain achkayashka (neo.) public publico adj; noun general achñina agree; assent asentir; consentimiento noun; verb correspond achpa earth; land tierra; terreno noun planet achpa; allpa land; soil tierra noun; verb the earth's surface achpakamayuk (neo.) farmer agricultor noun farmer achpakamayukkuna farmers labradores; agricultores noun people achpakamyuk (neo.) agriculture agricultura noun; verb people engaged in growing food achpakuyuy earthquake temblor noun seism achpallaqta (neo.) continent continente (geo.) noun; adj large landmasses achpaq’aqa ravine; gorge barranca noun valley achpaqusni (neo.) dust; powder; pinch polvo noun; verb debris achpasnin (neo.) terrain terreno noun parcel of land achpatarpuy farming sembrar noun; adj; verb producing achpawira (neo.) petroleum petroleo noun black gold; crude achpawka army ejercito; soldados noun military achpayana gather dust (to) empolvarse noun; verb assemble achpayukkuna landowners terratenientes noun persons achqo dog perro noun animal achqochana (neo.) insult, offend (to) insultar verb; noun abuse achurana (neo.) rakina divide (to) repartir verb; noun separate achuyuna (neo.) influence (to) influir verb; noun charm ahichana sift; sieve (to) cernir verb; noun strainer; strain ak’i mother-in-law suegra noun family aka dung; excrement; rust estiércol; escoria de metal noun; verb fertilize; droppings akakllu (neo.) bird whistle; bird call pájaro; pito noun; verb wind instrument 3 Kichwa English Spanish Part of speech Category akalli (neo.) intestine; gut intestino noun body part akanchani; mapayana to dirty (to) ensuciar adj; verb; adv filthy akañikuna (neo.) complain quejar verb discontent; unhappiness akañispanikachay moan; groan gemido noun; verb discomfort; pain akañiypayak complaining quejoso adj dissatisfaction akantank’a (neo.) beetle escarabajo pelotero noun; adj insect akapana hurricane hurricane noun nature; cyclone akapana tornado; jupiter tornado; jupiter noun nature; windstorm akapanamananmi (neo.) rosy sonrosados adj bushful akarak’ay (neo.) toilet; hygienic service servicio higiénico noun; verb bathroom akarwa; pillpintu butterfly mariposa grande noun insect akatanha (neo.) beetle escarabajo noun insect; fly akawara (neo.) diaper pañal noun a fabric; folded cloth akichik (neo.) ready; willing dispuesto adj; noun prepared akilla glass vaso noun container akilla (neo.) glass vaso noun a container akilla (neo.) pot vasija noun cooking vessel akkanak (neo.) servant servidor noun handmaid akki (neo.) k' achun sister-in-law cuñada noun family akllu (neo.) stutterer tartamudo noun person akna (neo.) rite; ceremony rito noun ceremony aknana (neo.) celebrate celebrar verb a social importance aknara (neo.) stupid estúpido adj; noun foolish aknina belch (to); burn (to) eructar verb; noun expel gas; eruct aksi altitude; height; high altura noun; adj elevation aksu; anaqu skirt saya; falda noun; verb cloth aktuna spit; spew (to) escupir verb; noun spit out aku sand arena noun; verb grains of rock aku (neo.) rare raro adj uncommon 4 Kichwa English Spanish Part of speech Category akucha (neo.) poor quality malo; mala calidad adj inadequate akuna; mallina to taste probar noun; verb sense of taste akura (neo.) private privado adj; noun individual akurayachachikuna private lessons lección privada noun; adj private lesson akus(llullaj) (neo.) liar, fibber embustero noun person akuylla (neo.) evil; wicked malvado adj; noun ill akwa cinnamon colored; cinnamon canela noun aromatic bark alaa (neo.) kallanpa mushroom hongo noun; verb food alamu; mashi friend amigo noun person alapana finish (to); put and end to (to) rematar verb; noun end alapana interweave (to) entretejer verb interlace alapana roll; wrap (to) liar noun
Recommended publications
  • El Léxico Del Caballo En El Río De La Plata Del Siglo XIX Y Principios Del XX. Una Aportación Al Léxico Hispánico

    El Léxico Del Caballo En El Río De La Plata Del Siglo XIX Y Principios Del XX. Una Aportación Al Léxico Hispánico

    El léxico del caballo en el Río de la Plata del siglo XIX y principios del XX. Una aportación al léxico hispánico Autora: Mónica Lamas García Tese de doutoramento UDC / 2019 Director: José Ignacio Pérez Pascual Rosalía Cotelo García Programa de doutoramento en «Estudios Lingüísticos» ÍNDICE Estudio Introductorio 7 Contexto histórico y geográfico 9 Pueblos precolombinos 9 Conquista y colonización 11 Situación lingüística 20 La relación entre el hombre y el caballo 22 La figura del gaucho 27 La literatura gauchesca y nativista 35 El lenguaje gauchesco 44 Estudio del léxico 51 Vocabulario 57 Azulejo 59 Bagual 65 Bagualada 75 Bandeado 79 Barcino 83 Barroso 89 Bayo 95 Bellaco 103 Bichoco 109 Boleado 115 Bozal 119 Bridón 123 Caballada 127 Cabortero 133 Cebruno 137 Colorado 143 Crédito 147 Cruzado 151 Destabado 155 Dorado 159 Flete 165 Gateado 171 Lobuno 177 Lunanco 181 Lunarejo 185 Maceta 189 Madrina 195 Malacara 201 Mancarrón 207 Manchado 215 Maneado 219 Matado 223 Matucho 227 Matungo 231 Maturrango 237 Maula 241 Mediarrés 245 Melado 249 Moro 255 Orejano 261 Oscuro 267 Overo 271 Padrillo 283 Pampa 287 Pangaré 295 Parejero 301 Picazo 307 Pingo 313 Pintado 323 Plateado 327 Potro 333 Potrada 341 Puntero 345 Rabicano 351 Rabón 355 Rayador 361 Redomón 367 Rengo 375 Reyuno 383 Rocín 389 Rosillo 397 Ruano 403 Rucio 409 Sabino 413 Sotreta 419 Tapado 427 Tobiano 433 Tordillo 439 Tropilla 447 Yaguané 457 Yeguada 463 Yeguarizo 469 Zaino 475 Zarco 485 A modo de conclusiones 491 Referencias bibliográficas 505 ESTUDIO INTRODUCTORIO ESTUDIO INTRODUCTORIO 9 1. Contexto histórico y geográfico Pueblos precolombinos El Río de la Plata está situado en el Cono Sur del continente americano: Se trata de un estuario formado por la unión de los ríos Paraná y Uruguay.
  • Tyler's Herbs of Choice: the Therapeutic Use of Phytomedicinals Category

    Tyler's Herbs of Choice: the Therapeutic Use of Phytomedicinals Category

    Tyler’s Herbs of Choice The Therapeutic Use of Phytomedicinals Third Edition © 2009 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC Tyler’s Herbs of Choice The Therapeutic Use of Phytomedicinals Third Edition Dennis V.C. Awang Boca Raton London New York CRC Press is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 2009 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 © 2009 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business No claim to original U.S. Government works Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-7890-2809-9 (Hardcover) This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and publisher can- not assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or the consequences of their use. The authors and publishers have attempted to trace the copyright holders of all material reproduced in this publication and apologize to copyright holders if permission to publish in this form has not been obtained. If any copyright material has not been acknowledged please write and let us know so we may rectify in any future reprint. Except as permitted under U.S. Copyright Law, no part of this book may be reprinted, reproduced, transmitted, or utilized in any form by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying, microfilming, and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without written permission from the publishers.
  • Tt Fall 12 Web.Pub

    Tt Fall 12 Web.Pub

    VOL. 53 No. 3 FALL 2012 Meet Michigan’s winning mini-Spingold squad Editor’s note: A team of five 20-something Ann Arbor players won the 0-1500 mini- Spingold KO, a multi- day limited national championship, at the summer North Ameri- can Bridge Champion- ships in Philadelphia. A month earlier, they also won the Sunday Winners of the mini-Spingold 0-1500 Swiss Teams at the KO Teams: (front) Jin Hu and Jonathan Fleischmann; (back) Max Glick, Zach- Toledo Regional. ary Scherr and Zachary Wasserman. Here are their stories: Jonathan Fleischmann ter. I'm an attorney less than a year out of law school. I'm 24 years old and live in I started playing in 1999 Bloomfield Hills with my fa- (Continued on page 22) ther, two brothers, and a sis- DON’T FORGET TO VOTE The annual election for MBA Board of Directors will be held during the last four days of the October regional. If you cannot be there on one of those days, you can still vote by complet- ing and sending in an absentee ballot. See page 5. Candi- dates’ pictures and statements appear on pages 6 and 7. Michigan Bridge Association Unit #137 2012 VINCE & JOAN REMEY MOTOR CITY REGIONAL October 8-14, 2012 Site: William Costick Center, 28600 Eleven Mile Road, Farmington Hills MI 48336 (between Inkster and Middlebelt roads) 248-473-1816 Intermediate/Newcomers Schedule (0-299 MP) Single-session Stratified Open Pairs: Tue. through Fri., 1 p.m. & 7 p.m.; Sat., 10 a.m. & 2:30 p.m.
  • Analysis of the Constructive Features of the Earth Dam

    Analysis of the Constructive Features of the Earth Dam

    MATEC Web of Conferences 196, 02002 (2018) https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819602002 XXVII R-S-P Seminar 2018, Theoretical Foundation of Civil Engineering Analysis of the Constructive Features of the Earth Dam Mikhail Balzannikov1, 1Samara State University of Economics, 443090 Samara, 141 Sovetskoi Armii St, Russia Abstract. The article considers the earth dam of the run-of-river unit – Kuibyshev hydroelectric power station on the Volga river (Russia). The main parameters of the earth dam, peculiarities of its erection and operation are described. The article notes the importance of ensuring a high degree of reliability of water structures constructed near major cities. It is especially important to monitor the condition of retaining structures with long service life. The factors influencing the change of the initial design conditions of operation of the Kuibyshev run-of-river unit dam are discussed. The results of examination of the geometric parameters of the body of the dam, performed at different periods of its maintenance, are analyzed. Examination results revealed significant deviations of the elevation marks of the earth dam surface on the upstream side from the design values. Possible causes of the discrepancy between these parameters and the design solutions are considered. The conclusion is drawn that the most likely reason for these features of the dam design lies in the initial incompleteness of construction. The measures for carrying out repair work to improve the reliability of the earth dam are being recommended. 1 Introduction At present, ensuring reliable operation of retaining water structures is a very urgent requirement for both operating enterprises and design organizations [1, 2].
  • Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences

    Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences

    ISSN: 0975-8585 Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences Mechanism of Water Resource Inter-Industry Protection. Elmira F. Nigmatullina*, Maria B. Fardeeva, and Rimma R. Amirova. Kazan Federal University, Kremliovskaya str, 18, 420008, Kazan, Russian Federation. ABSTRACT Development of the water resource inter-industry protection mechanism becomes a major concern for water management in Russia. Introduction of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) interstate procedure of production hydroelectric power stations (HPS) construction projects, on condition of international parameter level development of rivers and lakes pollution comparative assessment, taking into account multi- cluster ecosystem and landscape synergetic approach, is comprehended. The public-private partnership role in water management economy sector and first of all in water management infrastructure meliorative, fishery, water transport, housing and communal services is estimated. Proceeding from the competence analysis of the Russian Federation and subjects of the Russian Federation, it is offered to create an obligatory full-fledged organizational legal realization mechanism of activities for establishing water protection zones that will demand creating procedural and procedural action registration the rights and duties exercising of imperious subjects on regional level. It is emphasized that development of the interdisciplinary protection mechanism of water resources including statute tools and actions, based on the multi-cluster space ordered
  • UNIVERSITY of CALIFORNIA RIVERSIDE Weird Women, Strange

    UNIVERSITY of CALIFORNIA RIVERSIDE Weird Women, Strange

    UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA RIVERSIDE Weird Women, Strange Times: The Representation of Power Through Female Gender Portrayals in 19th and 20th Century Iberian Literature A Dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Spanish by Rachel Anna Neff June 2013 Dissertation Committee: Dr. David K. Herzberger, Chairperson Dr. James A. Parr Dr. Raymond L. Williams Copyright by Rachel Anna Neff 2013 The Dissertation of Rachel Anna Neff is approved: Committee Chairperson University of California, Riverside Acknowledgements First and foremost, I wish to thank my kind and patient dissertation director, Dr. David K. Herzberger. I stopped counting the number of drafts he read and commented on, because I’m fairly certain the actual number would constitute cruel and unusual punishment. I am so grateful for the time and care he invested in my candidacy; I hope to one day be even half the mentor he has been to me. I would like to thank Dr. James A. Parr for serving on my committee, guiding me through several independent studies to improve my written Spanish, and for leading the amazing study abroad program in Spain where I worked at the Biblioteca Nacional. On a more personal note, I always appreciated how he shared his apple slices with me whenever I stopped by his office. I also wish to thank Dr. Raymond L. Williams for serving on my committee, advising me on independent study projects, and introducing me to Twitter. The topics in his courses were always fascinating, and the discussions inspiring. The end of the seminar dinners at his house are something I wish to do for my mentees in the future.
  • Libro ING CAC1-36:Maquetación 1.Qxd

    Libro ING CAC1-36:Maquetación 1.Qxd

    © Enrique Montesinos, 2013 © Sobre la presente edición: Organización Deportiva Centroamericana y del Caribe (Odecabe) Edición y diseño general: Enrique Montesinos Diseño de cubierta: Jorge Reyes Reyes Composición y diseño computadorizado: Gerardo Daumont y Yoel A. Tejeda Pérez Textos en inglés: Servicios Especializados de Traducción e Interpretación del Deporte (Setidep), INDER, Cuba Fotos: Reproducidas de las fuentes bibliográficas, Periódico Granma, Fernando Neris. Los elementos que componen este volumen pueden ser reproducidos de forma parcial siem- pre que se haga mención de su fuente de origen. Se agradece cualquier contribución encaminada a completar los datos aquí recogidos, o a la rectificación de alguno de ellos. Diríjala al correo [email protected] ÍNDICE / INDEX PRESENTACIÓN/ 1978: Medellín, Colombia / 77 FEATURING/ VII 1982: La Habana, Cuba / 83 1986: Santiago de los Caballeros, A MANERA DE PRÓLOGO / República Dominicana / 89 AS A PROLOGUE / IX 1990: Ciudad México, México / 95 1993: Ponce, Puerto Rico / 101 INTRODUCCIÓN / 1998: Maracaibo, Venezuela / 107 INTRODUCTION / XI 2002: San Salvador, El Salvador / 113 2006: Cartagena de Indias, I PARTE: ANTECEDENTES Colombia / 119 Y DESARROLLO / 2010: Mayagüez, Puerto Rico / 125 I PART: BACKGROUNG AND DEVELOPMENT / 1 II PARTE: LOS GANADORES DE MEDALLAS / Pasos iniciales / Initial steps / 1 II PART: THE MEDALS WINNERS 1926: La primera cita / / 131 1926: The first rendezvous / 5 1930: La Habana, Cuba / 11 Por deportes y pruebas / 132 1935: San Salvador, Atletismo / Athletics
  • Ohara\Catalogues\World Genera\Tach

    Ohara\Catalogues\World Genera\Tach

    WORLD GENERA OF THE TACHINIDAE (DIPTERA) AND THEIR REGIONAL OCCURRENCE by James E. O’Hara1 23 February 2005 Version 1.0 ________________________ 1 Invertebrate Biodiversity, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1A 0C6. E-mail: [email protected]. TABLE OF CONTENTS Click on a page number to go to the page indicated Foreword ............................................................................................................................... 2 Biogeographic summary ....................................................................................................... 3 Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................... 3 Table of genera and their regional occurrence ...................................................................... 4 References ........................................................................................................................... 66 Select a letter to go directly to corresponding genus in list of world genera A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z FOREWORD The following table is a listing of the tachinid genera of the world with their regional occurrence. It was compiled from the generic names and distributions given in the most recent regional catalogues, as listed here, and brought up-to-date using information from subsequently published papers. Regional catalogues Nearctic Region O’Hara & Wood (2004) Neotropical

  • 78Th Annual Comanche Rodeo Kicks Off June 7 and 8

    www.thecomanchechief.com The Comanche Chief Thursday, June 6, 2019 Page 1C 778th8th AAnnualnnual CComancheomanche RRodeoodeo Comanche Rodeo in town this weekend Sponsored The 78th Annual Comanche Rodeo kicks off June 7 and 8. The rodeo is a UPRA and CPRA sanctioned event By and is being sponsored by TexasBank and the Comanche Roping Club Both nights the gates open at 6:00 p.m. with the mutton bustin’ for the youth beginning at 7:00 p.m. Tickets are $10 for adults and $5 for ages 6 to 12. Under 5 is free. Tickets may be purchased a online at PayPal.Me/ ComancheRopingClub, in the memo box specify your ticket purchase and they will check you at the gate. Tickets will be available at the gate as well. Friday and Saturday their will be a special performance at 8:00 p.m. by the Ladies Ranch Bronc Tour provided by the Texas Bronc Riders Association. After the rodeo on both nights a dance will be featured starting at 10:00 p.m. with live music. On Friday the Clint Allen Janisch Band will be performing and on Saturday the live music will be provided by Creed Fisher. On Saturday at 10:30 a.m. a rodeo parade will be held in downtown Comanche. After the parade stick around in downtown Comanche for ice cream, roping, stick horse races, vendor booths and food trucks. The parade and events following the parade are sponsored by the Comanche Chamber of Commerce. Look for the decorated windows and bunting around town. There is window decorating contest all over town that the businesses are participating in.
  • FINESSE 0.98, Frequency Domain Interferometer Simulation Software

    FINESSE 0.98, Frequency Domain Interferometer Simulation Software

    FINESSE 0.98 Frequency domain INterferomEter Simulation SoftwarE Andreas Freise Finesse is a fast interferometer simulation software. For a given optical setup, the pro- gram computes the light field amplitudes at every point in the interferometer assuming a steady state. To do so, the interferometer description is translated into a set of linear equa- tions that are solved numerically. For convenience, a number of standard analyses can be performed automatically by the program, namely computing modulation-demodulation error signals, transfer functions and shot-noise limited sensitivities. Finesse can per- form the analysis using a plane-wave approximation or Hermite-Gauss modes. The latter allows to compute the effects of mode matching and misalignments. In addition, error signals for automatic alignment systems can be modeled. 28.02.2005 Finesse and the accompanying documentation and the example files have been written by: Andreas Freise European Gravitational Observatory Via E. Amaldi 56021 Cascina (PI) Italy [email protected] Parts of the Finesse source and ’mkat’ have been written by Gerhard Heinzel, the document ’sidebands.ps’ by Keita Kawabe, the Octave examples and its description by Gabriele Vajente. The software and documentation is provided as is without any warranty of any kind. Copyright c by Andreas Freise 1999-2005. For the moment I only distribute a binary version of the program. You may freely copy and distribute the program for non-commercial purposes only. Especially you should not charge fees or request donations for any part of the Finesse distribution (or in connection with it) without the author’s written permission. No other rights, such as ownership rights, are transferred.
  • There Better Be a Naked Cheerleader Under Your Bed‖

    There Better Be a Naked Cheerleader Under Your Bed‖

    ―THERE BETTER BE A NAKED CHEERLEADER UNDER YOUR BED‖: REPRESENTATIONS OF SOUTHERN, WORKING CLASS MASCULINITY IN KING OF THE HILL Presented to the Graduate Council of Texas State University–San Marcos in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree Master of ARTS by Joshua C. Shepherd, B.J. San Marcos, Texas May 2011 ―THERE BETTER BE A NAKED CHEERLEADER UNDER YOUR BED‖: REPRESENTATIONS OF SOUTHERN, WORKING CLASS MASCULINITY IN KING OF THE HILL Committee Members Approved: __________________________ Susan Weill, Chair __________________________ Kate Peirce __________________________ Cindy Royal Approved: __________________________ J. Michael Willoughby Dean of the Graduate College COPYRIGHT By Joshua Charles Shepherd 2011 FAIR USE AND AUTHOR’S PERMISSION STATEMENT Fair Use This work is protected by the Copyright Laws of the United States (Public Law 94-553, section 107). Consistent with fair use as defined in the Copyright Laws, brief quotations from this material are allowed with proper acknowledgment. Use of this material for financial gain without the author‘s express written permission is not allowed. Duplication Permission As the copyright holder of this work I, Joshua Shepherd, authorize duplication of this work, in whole or in part, for educational or scholarly purposes only. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This thesis would not have been possible without the support and assistance from some wonderful people in my life. My supervisor, Dr. Susan Weill, professor at Texas State University-San Marcos, who guided me throughout this process and pushed me to become a better writer; Dr. Kate Peirce, professor at Texas State University-San Marcos for all her help and spawning this idea with her course on Gender and Media; Dr.
  • A Study of the Rap Music Industry in Bogota, Colombia by Laura

    A Study of the Rap Music Industry in Bogota, Colombia by Laura

    The Art of the Hustle: A Study of the Rap Music Industry in Bogota, Colombia by Laura L. Bunting-Hudson Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy under the Executive Committee of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2017 © 2017 Laura L. Bunting-Hudson All Rights Reserved ABSTRACT The Art of the Hustle: A Study of the Rap Music Industry in Bogota, Colombia Laura L. Bunting-Hudson How do rap artists in Bogota, Colombia come together to make music? What is the process they take to commodify their culture? Why are some rappers able to become socially mobile in this process, while others are less so? What is technology’s role in all of this? This ethnography explores those questions, as it carefully documents the strategies utilized by various rap groups in Bogota, Colombia to create social mobility, commoditize products and to create a different vision of modernity within the hip-hop community, as an alternative to the ideals set forth by mainstream Colombian society. Resistance Art Poetry (RAP), is said to have originated in the United States but has become a form of international music. In conducting ethnographic research from December of 2012 to October 2014, I was able to discover how rappers organize themselves politically, how they commoditize their products and distribute them to create various types of social mobilities. In this dissertation, I constructed models to typologize rap groups in Bogota, Colombia, which I call polities of rappers to discuss how these groups come together, take shape, make plans and execute them to reach their business goals.