The Texas Observer AUGUST 18, 1967 A Journal of Free Voices A Window to The South 25c NOT LIKE IT USED TO BE State Politicians Crowd into Texas Labor's Spotlight

Fort Worth the Starr county strikers that way. Chavez couple of days after the labor convention, The days when organized labor was said, of the Texas strike, "We have pos- told a Texas Liberal Democrats audience castigated as un-American, subversive, or sibly made more mistakes here than any that "I don't know if I will be a candidate communistic are past in Texas. Now the place we have tried to organize workers. for anything next year. I say this in all sin- unquestioned influence of the state Ameri- In the Rio Grande Valley the strike came cerity. . . . I will not be a volunteer for can Federation of Labor-Congress of In- about overnight and we had to take it any Kamikaze missions." Spears had been dustrial Organizations has caused Texas over immediately, ... (We eventually are widely considered to be planning a state- politicians of all persuasions to treat the going to have a farm workers union, re- wide race of some sort next year, prob- labor group with respect it was nowhere gardless how long it lakes, regardless of ably for lieutenant governor or, .perhaps, near commanding a few years back. "I've how many Texas Rangers there are in Rio attorney general. He has been making seen state AFL-CIO conventions where you Grande City, and regardless of the poli- frequent speeches around the state this couldn't get an office holder in the same ticians who do not want-to help us." Roy year. His newly-expressed doubt about town," .t.1$ ,Sen. Ralph Yarborough told R. Evans, secretary-treasurer of the Texas a 1968 race is a surprise. How labor will the approximately 1,000 delegates to this AFL-CIO, said there are 350,000 unorgan- relate to statehouse elections next year year's labor convention here. "Now you ized farni workers in Texas. is most uncertain, but it does seem clear can't keep them away," he said. at this point that the AFL-CIO will con- On hand were several high Great Society centrate on the selected Congressional leaders and the top statehouse officials, AS TO 1968 politics, several races and on some legislative contests. excepting Gov. John Connally, who prob- points have become clear. Organized labor ably would have been here had he not in Texas is committed to President John- Another point in next year's races is been hunting in Africa. More than 40 of son's reelection next year, following. the that Texas labor will not necessarily back the 181 state legislators were on hand, lead of national labor leaders in this. all Democrats in any races with Repub- some of them sporting 0-16 voting records, Texas labor people oppose Gov. John Con- licans. Brown noted here that there are according to a recently-released AFL-CIO nally's reelection but express despair at recent instances in which Republican leg- assessment. Speaker of the Texas House the chances of any of the current crop of islators had better labor voting records Ben Barnes rented a suite of rooms at the political liberal challengers. Few persons than Democrats in their same areas. A convention and held an informal recep- here believed Senator Yarborough will run Republican with a 20% voting record is tion one afternoon. against Connally. Probably labor will preferable to a Democrat with 5%, Brown Perhaps the most significant action tak- spend more time and money trying to says. en here was the increase in state dues to defeat several of the 16 Texas • Congress- be paid by some 175,000 members of the men whom it does not support. It is organization. The members have been re- believed the AFL-CIO will concentrate on T HE MOST notable of the reso- quired to pay 20c monthly dues, 17c going the more vulnerable ones. Brown says lutions passed here were two backing to the state AFL-CIO general fund and 3c opinion polls are planned in several dis- liquor-by-the-drink and parimutuel horse- to the Committee on Political Education, tricts to determine likely targets. Three race betting. There was some behind-the- the organization's political arm. Delegates have already been cited—Joe Pool of scenes activity to stall approval of these approved an increase to 25c in the month- Dallas, Bob Casey of Houston, and Kika stands, on the basis that the resolutions ly dues; all of the 5c increase will go to De La Garza of Mission. A fourth might be merely give aid and comfort to Gov. COPE, largely to help finance a massive Richard C. White of El Paso. There was Connally, who is believed to have suffered voter registration drive the state labor hope expressed here that Olin E. Teague politically for his outspoken backing of organization is planning. About 70% of of College Station will soon accept a posi- the liquor plan and his rather well-known, the membership had already been paying tion with the Dept. of Agriculture. though largely tacit, backing of the pari- the 25c voluntarily. H. S. "Hank" Brown, mutuel measure. By floor amendment the As to statewide races labor leaders ap- latter resolution recommends that state Texas AFL-CIO president, says about pear to be dubious about the chances of funds derived from wagering be used to $100,000 has accumulated in a reserve leading liberal gubernatorial prospect provide free tuition at state junior col- account which will largely be used for Don Yarborough; he'll probably win labor voter registration; a matching amount can leges. The musicians union was particu- support next year, but may not get the larly interested in passage of the liquor- be borrowed from the national labor fed- fullest financial backing, given the inclina- by-the-drink resolution, believing that eration, meaning Texas labor could mount tion here to put labor money where it is such legislation would provide a boost a voter registration drive that will ap- most 'sure to have effect. Franklin Spears for nightlife and, thus, wider employment proach $200,000 in cost. as a candidate for lieutenant governor is Members attending the convention prospects for musicians. Another resolu- a happy prospect for labor people, but tion, one whose passage caused some bit- chipped in $5 each for the Valley farm there were highly favorable comments terness, favors the return of the Team- workers. Cesar Chavez, the union's found- about Fort Worth Rep. Don Gladden's ten- sters to the national labor family. The er, was given a $5,000 check for the Starr tative plans to run for the second spot. Teamsters were expelled about ten years county strikers. Brown urged union mem- Gladden told the Observer "I am consider- ago when the travails of James Hoffa be- bers to vote themselves a $1 per capita ing the possibility very seriously. . . . gan. A Teamster official was here, but said assessment on returning home, saying Spears is not a major factor in determin- he wasn't at the convention to push the more than $200,000 could be raised for ing my decision at this time." Spears, a resolution. Particular bitterness at the passage of the resolution exists among Humphrey was unusually strict, much President had said he, Humphrey, didn't some Houston labor people; a seaman's tighter than for President Kennedy's ill- want the mayor on the same program. union and the Teamsters are competing fated visit here the night and morning Brown later hedged that he said that. A in organizing taxi drivers in that area. before he was assassinated. Women en- Humphrey aide later invited McKinley to Another resolution called for abolishing tering the ballroom were not permitted the air base. McKinley showed up at Cars- the Texas Rangers. to carry purses; many, unaware of the well, but not at the convention hotel. restriction until arriving for Humphrey's Pickets protesting the Vietnam war had Several components of the State AFL- speech, were charged a dime to check been expected, but the only demonstrators CIO held meetings of their own during or their purses. No one could leave the ball- were friendly. Some 75 Negro children before the convention. The building trade room until the speech was over. Police who participate in programs under the workers are considering a campaign to with loaded rifles stood vigil on buildings War on Poverty demonstrated with signs organize major contractors in Texas and and the route of the motorcade was not in praise of the poverty fight. three adjoining states. Brown and Root announced. Several newsmen were pre- Among those from Washington who Inc., Houston, was particularly mentioned vented from entering the ballroom for a as a target. The union's 37,000 members spoke here, besides the Vice President and time because their names were omitted Senator Yarborough, were Labor Secy. would chip in $1 annually to finance the by mistake from a list given to Secret drive, if implemented. The Texas Indus- Willard Wirtz, Cong. Jack Brooks of Beau- Service men. A Fort Worth reporter com- mont, and Cong. Jim Wright of Fort trial Union Council passed a resolution plained that she had covered several Worth. urging Gov. Connally "to take the full speeches by Presidents and Vice Presi- time as a lion hunter in darkest Africa dents and had never seen such tight se- Brown, in his report to the convention, instead of seeking a fourth term as rep- curity. A Secret Service man replied that noted that the country is coming to have a resentative of the oil and insurance in- he hadn't, either. larger proportion of its population under terests in the state of Texas." 30 as the years go by. "Can middle-aged Humphrey, on arriving at Carswell Air State labor president Brown was re- labor leaders cope with the teeny-bopper elected to a fourth term and his salary Force Base, was greeted by a young boy work force?" he asked. "It's a skeptical raised from $13,440 to $16,000. Secretary- who said, "Mr. Vite President, my daddy is generation. They're from Missouri. They treasurer Evans also was reelected and fighting for you in Vietnam." A local flap have to be shown. They're not „going to given a raise from $11,760 to $14,000. do something just because somebody tells had stirred when Fort Worth Mayor De- them to do it. They have to bayel a reason Witt McKinley said that he had not been and that reason has to makelssense in MOST OF THE officials who invited to greet the Humphreys at Cars- their terms. Now, I see no re,ason why serve in the federal government and well. McKinley, who this year defeated this should upset us. It is made:-to-order spoke here discussed the urgent neces- labor-backed Willard Barr, was not in- for the labor movement. They want rea- sity to curb riots and said that the Great vited to the convention by the state labor sons. We have the best reasons in the Society has been a boon for the country. organization. Brown was quoted by the world. In every field from farm labor 1 Security for Vice President Hubert Fort Worth Press as saying that the Vice rights to job safety; from minimum wages to school appropriations, the guts of our legislative program is that we want the THE TEXAS OBSERVER wealth of Texas and of America used in- Texas Observer Co., Ltd. 1967 telligently to serve the true needs of peo- ple. Organized labor's position in Texas A Journal 'of Free Voices A Window to the South and America makes sense because it is a 61st YEAR—ESTABLISHED, 1906 position of concern for people." Lt. Gov. Preston Smith said this was Vol. LIX, No. 16 7`4') August 18, 1967 the third time in the last two years he'd Incorporating the State Observer and the None of the other people who are associated attended a labor function and told the East Texas Democrat, which in turn incor- with the enterprise shares this responsibility members "You're a wonderful group of ported the State Week and Austin Forum- with him. Writers are responsible for their own people to work with and I'm glad to have work, but not for anything they have not them- Advocate. this opportunity to be here tonight." We will serve no group or party but will hew selves written, and in publishing them the edi- hard lo the truth as we find it and the right tor does not necessarily imply that he agrees House Speaker Ben Barnes said the "last as we see it. We are dedicated to the whole with them, because this is a journal of free legislature wrote a record of progress of truth, to human values above all interests, to voices. Unsigned articles are the editor's. which you can be proud." He plugged con- the rights of man as the foundation of democ- Subscription Representatives: Arlington, stitutional revision and annual legislative racy; we will take orders from none but our George N. Green, 300 E. Smith College St., CR 7- own conscience, and never will we overlook or 0080; Austin, Mrs. Helen C. Spear, 2615 Pecos, sessions. misrepresent the truth to serve the interests HO 5 - 1805; Corpus Christi, , Penny Dudley, 1224 1/2 Second St., TU 4-1460; Dallas, Mrs. C61.- Delegates attending the convention vot- of the powerful or cater to the ignoble in the dye Hall, 5835 Ellsworth, TA 1-1205; Denton, human spirit. Fred Lusk, Box 8134 NTS, 387-3119; Ft. Worth, ed their approval of a Bill of Rights for Editor, Greg Olds. Dolores Jacobsen, 3025 Greene Ave., WA 4-9655; labor, consisting of these ten points: the Partner, Mrs. R. D. Randolph. Houston. Mrs. Shirley Jay, 10306 Cliffwood Dr., right to join a union, to have a minimum Edit or at - large, Ronnie Dugger. PA 3-8682; Lubbock, Doris Blaisdell, 2515 24th Business Manager, Sarah Payne. St.. Midland. Eva Dennis, 4306 Douglas, OX 4- wage, to have clean air and water, to be Associate Manager, C. R. Olofson. 2825; Snyder, Enid Turner, 2210 30th St., HI 3- Staff Artist, Charles Erickson. 9497 or HI 3-6061; San Antonio, Mrs. Mae B. protected by adequate workmen's com- Tuggle, 531 Elmhurst, TA 6-3583; Cambridge. Contributing Editors, Elroy Bode, Winston Victor Emanuel, Adams House C112. pensation, job safety provisions, and work- Bode, Bill Brammer, Sue Horn Estes, Larry Mass., Goodwyn, Harris Green, Bill Helmer, Dave Hic- The: Observer is published by Texas Observer. men's compensation, to have free educa- key, Frnaklin Jones, Lyman Jones, Larry L. Co.. Ltd., biweekly from Austin, Texas. En- tion at all levels, to have equal employ- King, Georgia Earnest Klipple. Al Melinger, tered as second-class matter April 26, 1937, at Robert L. Montgomery, Willie Morris, James the Post Office at Austin, Texas, under the Act ment opportunity, to be able to buy insur- Presley, Charles Ramsdell, Roger Shattuck, of March 3, 1879. Second class postage paid at ance and medical care at reasonable rates, Robert Sherrill, Dan Strawn, Tom Sutherland, Austin. Texas. Delivered postage prepaid $6.00 Charles Alan Wright. a year; two years, $11.00; three years, $15.00. to have a union shop, to be taxed fairly Contributing Photographer, Russell Lee. Foreign rates on request. Single copies 25c: and have equal representation through a The Observer publishes articles, essays, and prices for ten or more for students, or bulk creative work of the shorter forms having to orders, on request. free ballot at all levels of government, do in various ways with this area. The pay Editorial and Business Offices: The Texas and to enjoy the right of privacy. These depends: at present it is token. Unsolicited Observer, 504 West 24th St.. Austin, Texas 78705. manuscripts must be accompanied by return points will be the primary goals of the Telephone GR 7 -0746. postage. labor movement in Texas in the coming The editor has exclusive control over the edi- Change of Address: Please give old and new torial policies and contents of the Observer. address and allow three weeks. two years. G.O. TLD and the War Fort Worth, Austin Trumm; several SMU students, Dev Last Saturday, a week after the steering George and Bob Foley among them; Bill The word "Vietnam" probably was not committee meeting, 15 of the opponents Oliver, a United Church of Christ minis- of the U.S. role in Vietnam gathered at uttered a single time during the official ter in Beaumont, and his wife. proceedings of the Texas Liberal Demo- Cairns' house in Austin to discuss what crats steering committee meeting in In floor discussion that afternoon the response, if any, to make to TLD's "failure Fort Worth, but that word was in proposed general membership meeting of will" to meet the issue of Vietnam, as many minds and on many tongues in un- that was planned for Austin this fall was one person expressed it. After some two official discusions and in negotiations to rescheduled for sometime in February. hours of discussion it was determined bring the matter before TLD. The organ- Those who had wanted to discuss Vietnam that an organization must be formed for ization has, since its inception in 1965, regard this rescheduling as an act of bad left-of-center Texans as an alternative to concentrated on state politics, leaving faith. They say it is important for TLD TLD, a group that will confront more aside national and international issues. to confront this issue before the deadline forthrightly, as it was put, the issues of for candidates to file for elections in Vietnam, La Huelga, urban blight, and This has been done because of the con- Texas. viction of the organization's leaders that social need that face Texans. Chet Briggs, TLD must not diffuse its attentions to the Austin, the Texas coordinator for the Na- tional Conference for New Politics, sug- detriment of the group's central purpose, WIGINTON, ON hearing of the to elect a liberal governor, take control of gested mailing a tabloid newspaper to per- rescheduling, wrote seven TLD leaders, sons who might be interested in address- the state Democratic party, and inject lib- saying, " . . . My information is as follows: eral precepts into the state's political ing themselves to such concerns. Ninety- 1 ) the next general „membership conven- five dollars was raised to pay for mailing dialogue and lawbooks. tion will be held, not thj,s, fall, but some- time the tabloid. It advises of the NCNP's As the war has escalated there has in early 1968 aftei= the filing dead- meeting in Chicago in two weeks at which grown a:iconviction in the minds of a mi- line, 2 ) the convention' Will be held in Martin Luther King and Dr. Benjamin nority of TLD members that Vietnam is some city other than: Austin, 3 ) the fall Spock will speak. A King-Spock presiden- the central issue of our times and no meeting will be another steering commit- tial and vice presidential ticket is a possi- political-lroup can fail to relate to this tee meeting, 4 ) this meeting will also be bility next year and would center on oppo- issue and be a significant force. held in some city other than Austin—prob- sition to the. U.S. role in Vietnam and in ably in the Midland-Odessa area. favor of more vigorous confronting of About 100 persons attended the steer- "I wish you would take the time to social problems in this , country. Plans ing committee meeting in Fort Worth. Per- write and to tell me what actions were were also made by the 15 at Austin to meet haps 15 wanted to bring the question of taken on the above points, who were the in Houston this weekend to discuss the Vietnam before the committee. But at a prime movers (on the surface and in proposed Texas organization with liberals "peace caucus" held the night before the private conversations ), and the reasoning and radicals there, most especially the meeting, and again the next morning, sev- behind it (both the apparent floor reasons Student Nonviolent Coordinating Commit- eral TLD leaders—primarily Dallas attor- and the real reasons ). tee activists. After similar discussions new Otto Mullinax, TLD secretary Latane "As I recall, at the last general mem- with other groups that might form a "New Lambert of Dallas, and Robert Hall, a bership convention it was fully under- Politics" type of 'grOup in the state it is Houston lawyer—persuaded the caucus stood, and an organizational commitment likely that an organizational meeting will participants to delay raising the matter made, that TLD would hold another gen- be called this fall in Austin. until the general membership .meeting eral membership convention in the fall planned for Austin this fall. This was of 1967. This being true, the steering com- agreed to and the caucus prepared a reso- mittee would not have the authority or A VOTER registration drive is lution for the steering committee to ap- power to change this basic item. Was this being planned by TLD. Ronald Platt, Beau- prove. "The steering committee of Texas discussed during Saturday's meeting? mont, the organization's chairman, says Liberal Democrats, recognizing that the "If all this . . . is true, liberalism, hon- he hopes that a drive costing at least $16,- issue of war and peace, and the U.S. in- 150 can be supported, providing four full- volvement in Vietnam, is of extreme con- esty, and decency were betrayed. It would be an act of devious cowardiCe. time workers for registration campaigns cern to all, hereby declares that at the particularly among Negroes in East Texas Fall, 1967, general membership convention "Is it true? If it is what should and can and Mexican-Americans in South Texas. of TLD this issue will be confronted be done about it? If this is going to be Some coordination of existing local organ- frankly and democratically considered to the trend of events for 1967-'68, then the izations' campaigns in certain precincts the end that Texas liberals may decide breach between generations of liberals of the larger cities will be undertaken, but if and how TLD should relate to the issue and radicals in Texas is going to be tragic- this work, which has been done for years in 1967-'68." ally deepened. Lyndon will be happy, and by local liberal groups, will largely be left the people will suffer even more. . . ." But the resolution was never brought to them. Money would be raised by con- One of those whom Wiginton wrote was tributions; it is thought the national Dem- up during the steering committee's busi- the Houston attorney, Hall, a close friend ness meeting. It became apparent that it ocratic party and the Texas AFL-CIO will of Wiginton's. Hall, it had been said as chip in large amounts. This was a factor could not be passed. Many of the support- the Fort Worth convention concluded, ers of the resolution thereupon left Fort that weighed to some extent in the oppo- would confer with Wiginton and others of sition by TLD to any action pertaining to Worth, choosing not to attend the meet- the peace caucus to achieve some sort of ing. Particularly avid for passage of the Vietnam, since national Democratic lead- understanding. On receiving Wiginton's ers would look dimly on opposition with- resolution were Martin Wiginton, an Aus- letter Hall wrote back: "After drafting tin lawyer who long has been active in in the party to U.S. policy as to Vietnam. two eloquent and imaginatively profane And Texas labor, following the lead of Texas liberal circles, serving for a time replies to your letter, both of which re- as the executive secretary of the liberal national labor, is solidly committed to plies I have prudently filed in the waste- Johnson in 1968. Some of those in TLD Democratic coalition; Chuck Cairns, a pro- basket, I have decided on the following: fessor of speech at the University of Tex- opposed the nation's participation in the You are, in my opinion, as garbled as your . Vietnam war say they are willing to risk as; Ed Polk, a Dallas lawyer; Carol Specht, information and, since I believe your con- Dallas, a member of the English faculty losing the big contributions for a voter dition to be hopeless, I shall not try to registration drive, since such a drive will at SMU; several UT-Austin students, Ernie confuse you with any further rational Cortes, John Muir, Frances Barton, Elaine discussion. . . ." August 18, 1967 3 only enhance the reelection chances of An executive committee was elected: ing drew to a close. "I hope we are. President Johnson in 1968. A. N. "Nate" Slough, Austin; Chris Dixie, Someone this morning said that one of The steering committee voted to extend Houston; Janet Massey, Midland; David our functions is to point out who the TLD's support of attorney Doran Wil- Lambert, Fort Worth; Nick Reyes, Hous- enemy is. I think we know who he is. liams, who is providing legal aid at Rio ton; Bettie Ford, Port Arthur; Moses Le- He's hunting leopards in Africa at the Grande City for farm worker families. Roy, Houston; Otto Mullinax, Dallas; and present time," Platt said of the governor. At the annual convention in May TLD Emmit Tuggle, San Antonio. "The people of Texas are not going to be members voted to pay Williams $150 "I believe we're on the way to develop- willing to give him a fourth term; my ef- monthly for three months; the commit- ing a strong organization," Platt told forts will be directed to giving Texas a ment was extended by three months. steering committee members as the meet- liberal governor next year." G.O. The Archbishop's Dilemma

San Antonio formed friendships with Walter Reuther that there was indeed a change. But one When young radicals accuse old lib- and young New Deal congressman Lyndon San Antonio labor official reported the erals of "selling-out," it is. hardly news, Johnson. Priests in Lucey's diocese—with archbishop told him, "Everyone thinks but when the young radicals are widely his encouragement until recently—have I've changed. But I haven't changed; if respected priests and the old liberal one walked picket lines, set up political action anything has changed it is the commun- of the most progressive bishops of the programs for the poor, created a unique ity." This statement may have been more Catholic Church in America, the eccles- revealing that Lucey intended, for San iastical hell-raising both puzzles and en- Antonio is indeed changing, with Mexican- gulfs the whole community. In San An- Maruheih Rogers Americans and low paid workers seriously tonio, with its almost 300,000 Catholics, If challenging the power structure for the the conflict between Archbishop Robert first time in years. Union organizing ac- E. Lucey and some 35 social activist migrant-worker ministry, and have been tivity has finally reached some of these priests has drawn the attention of the deeply involved in the war on poverty. groups, and strikes, protests, and demon- press, organized labor, and Mexican-Amer- As recently as August, 1966, he conducted strations are becoming more frequent. ican groups, and has perplexed liberals, a memorable mass for the Valley farm And, this summer, local voters approved who always thought- the archbishop was workers marching through San Antonio a referendum called to sample opinion on one of the good guys. and gave them his warm blessing in their establishment of a minimum wage here. The conflict within the church revolves quest for a minimum wage and union "Although the archbishop has probably around those incidents: the shifting of recognition. not altered his basic position," one dis- militant priests from positions of influ- satisfied priest asserted, "his beliefs have ence; the removal to South America of a THE FIRST public indication never really been put to the test at a time priest who was injecting political activ- that Lucey may have changed came early when the increased militancy of priests ism into the deeply religious, 6,000-mem- this year when he banished the two and the awakening Mexican-Americans of ber Cursille movement; the temporary priests, Smith and Killian, to New Mexico South Texas are shaking the power struc- banishment of Fathers William Killian for their involvement in the Valley strike. ture." and Sherrill Smith for picketing in Rio This, to, many Mexican-Americans, seemed Grande City against the archbishop's to nullify his previous support of La . An example of this was the eight-month wishes; and the severe punishment by Causa. But there were other factors— strike by the International Union of Elec- at Steves suspension of four priests who had called those involving church protocal—that trical Workers (IUE) Sash and Mar- for freedom from Lucey's authority. The were not seen by the public. Bishop Hum- Door, owned by HemisFair president. implications of these minor ( at least for berto H. Madeiros of Brownsville, in shall Steves. Father Smith, a charismatic non-Catholics ) actions indicates a shift priest with a devoted following among whose diocese Rio Grande City lies, had and in the right for the local church. vigorously protested intrusion of outside union members, Mexican-Americans, had at- That there has been a turn from social priests in the strike. Although indicating blue-collar and migrant workers, activism and militant involvement of the his sympathy to the plight of the farm tended three bargaining sessions, present- church with the poor and minorities in workers, Madeiros had insisted that any ing the case of the strikers to Steves' rep- San Antonio is not difficult to document. resentatives. He was rebuked by the arch- involvement in the strike come from the done But finding the reason is quite another laity within his Brownsville Diocese. Arch- bishop for this, although he had the past story. It is necessary to look at the rec- bishop Lucey thus had the dilemma of similar things for many unions in the episode, ord of Archbishop Lucey, now 76, who has passing over his priests' forays into the ten years. One priest said of long been a champion of the underpriv- Valley or facing the possibility that "The archbishop helped develop the cli- ileged and had frequently bucked the San Bishop Madeiros would complain to the mate where militancy could take place, Antonio's business establishment by call- Vatican Apostolic Delegate in Washing- but the pressures from businessmen such ing for a "system of higher wages, strong- ton, D.C., that Lucey could not control his as Steves, plus several prominent Catho- er labor unions and better education." He own priests. A complaint of this nature lic laymen and older conservative priests in the diocese, have grown as this mili- integrated the Catholic schools before the could discredit the excellent record of tancy has extended." So, as the impover- 1954 Supreme Court decision and through the San Antonio archdiocese and might ished of San Antonio have become more his national Bishop's Committee for the even bring pressure on the archbishop to active in their own behalf, and more ef- Spanish Speaking had been active in seek- resign, since he is already past the retire- fective in working social change, this ing solutions to the problems of the Mexi- ment age Pope Paul VI suggested for high- city's more powerful citizens have come can-American poor. Considered something ranking prelates. to see that they can no longer afford the of a "bolshevik" in the thirties, Lucey Since the archbishop and his priests luxury of overlooking Lucey's, and his have always aided union organizing cam- Mrs. Rogers is a housewife who is ac- active advocacy of change. Such paigns in San Antonio and interceded with priests,' tive in San Antonio public affairs. She is is the archbishop's dilemma. a journalism graduate of the University management on behalf of the unions, of Texas at Austin. Lucey's failure to give significant aid this Paul Thompson, wide-swinging column- year to a local union in a do-or-die strike ist for the San Antonio News, speculated 4 The Texas Observer at Pioneer Flour Mills was a clear sign that the pressure may have come from Catholics "in the better-heeled northside tends to Austin, maybe even Washington." cidence that each one of the priests in- parishes," who were big contributors to There is some indication that this may volved in job changes, banishments, and the Archdiocesan Development Fund. He be true, since Father Smith was silenced suspensions was extremely popular and believes the "northside bill payers began earlier this year after he made a page-one exerted personal influence over sizable to wonder about the prudence of con- speech critical of Gov. John Connally. groups within the church. San Antonio tributing to a mechanism that seemed in- Although the archbishop's relations with would not be the first place where person- tent on wiping them out." President Johnson have always been ality and policy have become entangled in If this is true, the psychological pres- friendly, he and the President were even the church. sures were every bit as great, according affectionate toward each other in an ap: Explanations have not been forthcom- to one of the dissenting priests. He said pearance in San Antonio when Lucey said ing from the Catholic Chancery. The only this kind of pressure took the form of mass for the visiting Latin American am- public statement came from Msgr. J. L. pointing out the bad public relations re- bassadors. It was at this time that Lucey Manning, vicar general of the archdio- sulting every time a priest was involved embraced the Johnson policy in Vietnam, cese, who wrote in the diocesan news- in another labor dispute or arrested, as causing Father Joseph Dean to say after paper earlier this year, "Many innocent in the Valley. The church would seem to he had been suspended, "If he could be people, priests, religious and laity, have be dividing the community, and thus so definite in his Vietnam stand—which suffered deep anguish by what they have getting a "bad name." Strangely enough, to many is very difficult to support moral- read and heard. No human family or in- this has become a powerful argument ly—it is very unreasonable that he would stitution concerned for the welfare of its against dissent in San Antonio, which, not grant the same privilege of being members desires to have its private af- since HemisFair, has become as image- critical to his priests." fairs discussed in public. It is for this conscious as Dallas. The position of the archbishop vis-a-vis reason that both the Archbishop and Father Smith may be the key to some of other Chancery officiaN-have thus far re- O NE OF THE priests out of the larger issues. AS Smith, once close to mained silent. Is it too much to expect favor with the archibishop said, "The im- Lucey and considered an influence upon that we be permitted to work out our mediate flare-up should be seen in the him, began to lose favor, the church began problems within our own household?" wider context of building pressures on to restrict its more liberal activities. But when that household contains al- the archbishop as a result of Mexican- Smith, second only to .,Lucey, is undoubt- most half the population of San Antonio, American unrest in the Southwest and edly the most widebkilown Catholic in is the family squabble purely a private the role of priests who promote it. It ex- South Texas. And it may simply be a coin- matter? "Fort Worth's War on Poverty

. Fort Worth the O.E.O., charging that the smaller board was planned as soon after funding as pos- Fort Worth's establishment took a beat- violated guidelines set up to insure rep- sible. Application for some $250,000 in ing last month. Through a combination of resentation of all segments of the com- funds was made. local initiative and federal government munity, and especially the poor, in run- As required by OEO, copies of the ap- insistence on adherence to the Office of plication for the money must go to the Economic Opportunity (OEO) guidelines, local poverty war officials for comment, the war on poverty here, after almost two Sue Horn Estes but they have no say about whether a years of muddling around, may be on the program is funded. When the application right track. Rumblings of discontent have hit the Community Council headquarters, been like distant thunder for several ning the program. A suit was filed- in 96th panic broke out. The powers-that-be and months now, especially among Negroes, District Court by a local attorney charg- their control were challenged. It had long who were supposed to benefit from the ing the same thing. been known that O.E.O. was dissatisfied program, but were not. They were be- with the way the Fort Worth program was coming convinced with every passing day set up and particularly with the United that the establishment-controlled group MEANWHILE, A loosely-organ- Fund agency's control over it. Such or- running the poverty war were -waging less ized group of people had discovered an ganizations are considered to have a "vest- than a holding action. obscure federal program funded in 1966 ed interest" in maintaining poverty. which allowed groups to apply for pov- Members of the professional staff were The local papers began to pipe the erty money independently of the locally latest establishment tune that the whole moving on to greener pastures; fel,V re- run poverty war for high priority projects placements were being made. Expensive thing was a plot by the Tarrant County such as neighborhood organization. As a Democratic Woman's Club to gain poli- equipment was purchased at special prices result, Neighborhood Action Inc., (N.A.I.) by the health department and the city tical control. (Editor of the Fort Worth was born, a private, non-profit organiza- Star-Telegram, Jack Butler, was a member school system under the auspices of the tion aimed at seeking funds for estab- poverty program, but many people doubt- of the new nine-member CAP board). The lishment of multi-purpose neighborhood papers cited as evidence the fact that the ed the poor would ever see the equip- centers in one Latin-American and one ment, much less get any use out of it. lawyer who filed incorporation papers Negro neighborhood in Fort Worth with was the husband of the club's president. Rumors were rampant that the program special emphasis on participation by the would not be refunded. While the establishment was playing its adult poor in solving their own problems. song in the papers, so-called radical lib- Then in April the Tarrant County Com- The uniqueness in the program lay eral elements who would seemingly be munity Council, the United Fund agency natural supporters of such a program that was administering the poverty pro- with its board, four-fifths of which was to be composed of residents of poverty were whispering the same tune through gram through a group called the Com- the grassroots level of the Negro and munity Action Program (C.A.P.), reduced areas and one-fifth from other areas in Tarrant county. Every adult over 18 who Mexican-American communities. the 93-member C.A.P. board to nine mem- When the charge of "politics" played bers, five of whom were on the commun- lived in the poverty areas served by the centers was to be a member of N.A.I. out, the next step was to accuse N.A.I. ity council. A howl came up from several of duplicating already existing programs directions. The Tarrant County Democra- A Negro physician was elected presi- for neighboorhood centers. The papers tic Women, who had been conducting a dent of N.A.I. and the five other non- began to burst at the seams with stories study of the effectiveness of the poverty poverty members of the board were pick- program, called for an investigation by ed. Election of poverty area members August 18, 1967 5 about all the exciting things the C.A.P. to such programs as Neighborhood Youth program grant to an Alabama Negro was doing in Fort Worth. N.A.I. retorted Corps and Job Corps. At this stage, it farm cooperative. Most observers expect that they couldn't possibly duplicate what seemed likely that the funding of both that, although Connally may be under was being done because nothing was be- groups was dependent upon working out some pressure from Fort Worth politi- ing done to organize the adult poor at the such an agreement. The reasons behind cians, he will neither approve nor disap- neighborhood level, as N.A.I. proposes to the need for such cooperation seem to prove the N.A.I. funding, thus giving ap- do. stem from the problems O.E.O. is said proval by default. Eight C.A.P. neighborhood centers are to have had with two independently fund- supposedly in existence, but only a few ed groups in Houston. THE BATTLE FOR N.A.I. ap- are any more than a building or phone The rumors became move believable as pears to be over, but the people who number. Those that are more than that the Fort Worth papers began to roll out worked hard to get it started seem to serve as little more than referral outlets the news that the Community Council was believe the war has really just begun. The to existing U.F. agencies. The contract to giving up the poverty program because establishment doesn't take defeat easily, run the centers is handled by Bethlehem it was tired of O.E.O's red tape. C.A.P. the reasoning goes, and will be working Center, a U.F. agency. was reconstituted and renamed the Great- wherever possible to harass the program. Meanwhile, it was rumored that O.E.O. er Fort Worth and Tarrant County Com- And where harassment doesn't work, at- was greatly impressed with the innovative munity Action Agency, Inc. (C.A.A.), for tempts may be made to gain influence implications of the N.A.I. project. Work incorporation purposes. over its operation. Then, too, there are the was supposedly begun behind the scenes Everybody congratulated everybody else radical liberals who, for fear of losing so the two groups could work together, and talked about how nice it was for the what power they have in some areas of rather than destroy each other and the Council to have put up with the federal Fort Worth, are willing to undermine the hopes of Fort Worth's poor. government for so long and, rather than program at the grassroots level. Those I junking the whole program, to have turn- who worked for N.A.I. and helped get RUMORS PERSISTED that the ed it over to C.A.P. it started feel that at its successful best establishment was in danger of losing its A p pa r en t 1 y, Neighborhood Action it could for the first time give the poor poverty program altogether and that con- spokesmen chose to stay in the back- in Fort Worth a real say in how they are cessions were to be made at the request ground and let the'establishment play its to be governed by making them aware of of O.E.O. whereby the Community Coun- game of rationalization. their capacities as a pressure group. cil would, as gracefully as possible, bow Funding of NIA:Uoccurred last month. At its very least, they conclude, it has out of the picture, the C.A.P. board of 93 The only possible hang-up lies in the right forced the establishment to turn over the members would be reconstituted and in- to veto by Gov. John Connally. Under administration of the War on -Poverty to corporated and the poverty program turn- O.E.O. regulations, governors have a veto C.A.A., two-thirds of whose members are ed over to it. Neighborhood Action was power over poverty programs coming in- from poverty areas, thus folloOng not then, the rumors continued, to work out to their states. However, such vetoes are just the letter but the spirit of the. O.E.O. an agreement with C.A.P. to act as a co- usually rare and can be overruled in guidelines calling for participation of the operating agency, autonomous in a sense, Washington, as was recently done when poor in solving the problems of poverty. but still able to draw on C.A.P.'s access Gov. Lurleen Wallace vetoed a poverty 0

Collins Appears the GOP's Choice V Jim Collins, Dallas, appears to be in annual convention in Austin last weekend Humphrey, and Cong. Jack Brooks, Beau- as the Republican's gubernatorial can- of the Political Assn. of Spanish-Speaking mont, would be at the TLD convention. However, Yarborough developed an un- Organizations, as were representatives of didate next year. Collins ran a good race foreseen schedule conflict. Humphrey was against Cong. Joe Pool last year. He is an organized labor. Conservative . Democrats to have been honored at a reception by attractive, articulate campaigner, and is weren't around much. Brooks in connection with the TLD gath- considered one of the Texas GOP's bright- ering but something fell through. er hopes. V Vis-a-vis the talk that Lt. Gov. Preston Smith might switch parties and run A TLD spokesman says that an hour be- V Republicans are talking of running for governor as a Republican, it is interest- fore Humphrey was to leave Fort Worth a Mexican-American on their state- Brooks told Ronald Platt, TLD chairman, wide slate next year, probably in the race ing to note that public relations man Jerry Conn, who formerly was retained by to go to Carswell Air Force Base with the for lieutenant governor, in which the organization's members and the Vice candidate evidently will be Rudy Garza, the state GOP, is now doing some public- ity work for Smith. President would greet them. On arriving Corpus Christi, who ran for comptroller at the base the TLD people found that in 1966. Albert Fuentes, San Antonio, who 1/. Leaders of the Texas Liberal Demo- the Secret Service knew nothing of the ran for lieutenant governor as a Demo- crats are worried that the contribu- plan. When Humphrey's motorcade ar- crat in 1964, has an outside chance to tions they need to conduct a voter regis- rived, Brooks came over to Platt and told make the race as second on' the GOP tration drive are being dried up by the him he could bring a few members out ticket. State AFL-CIO. In any case it seems that TLD will conduct its drive as an auxiliary to the plane, parked some distance away. V Republican State Sen. Henry Grover, About 15 or 20 TLD members, including Houston, is still being considered for to the labor group's massive campaign. some statewide race, perhaps for gover- And there is talk that if, as is likely, some staunch party workers of long stand- nor, should Collins not make the race union money and funds from the national ing were left out. Finally Humphrey de- after all. Democratic party are the primary support cided to come over and greet all who were for the TLD drive then the AFL-CIO will V Republican party workers and office call the shots. present. holders were much in evidence at the V Before leaving the labor convention V Early announcements had it that Sen. 6 The Texas Observer Ralph Yarborough, Vice President for Carswell Humphrey conferred with House Speaker Ben Barnes in a by the drink, annual legislative sessions, room at the Hotel Texas. and branch banking in the four largest V Cong. Jim Wright, Fort Worth, is re- counties. Other sources say that Connal- ported in some trouble with the ma- ly's close ties with LBJ will erode the gov- A Well for chinists' union, a powerful force in his ernor's support next year. district, for his vote in favor of com- vor Dan Blocker, the Texan who plays Villa Ahumada pulsory arbitration in connection with the Hoss Cartwright on TV, and who in Austin railroad strike this summer. real life is a staunch liberal, has said he A Houston reader has taken the initia- V When it developed that non-union won't run for office in Texas. "If I came tive in response to the Observer's arti- workers were installing cameras at back now, and did what I would have to cle, "Dionisio Sanchez Wants a Well," Fort Worth to televise Humphrey's speech do, according to my own conscience, published in our July 21 issue, detailing to the Texas AFL-CIO, and that non-union they'd probably kill me," Blocker says. the need of the people of Villa Ahum- men would operate the cameras, state V Don Gladden, the Tarrant county leg- ada, near Juarez, in Mexico, who are labor president Hank Brown was advised islator who was one of the House's without a reliable, convenient water that if there was no live telecast Humph- few staunch liberals this year, is consider- supply. rey wouldn't speak. Brown is quoted by ing a try for the lieutenant governor's job. "We propose to purchase a pump an associate as saying "I've been fighting Another prospect for the job is Sen. Mur- and motor and present it to Mr. San- this cause [unionization] 25 years and ray Watson, Waco, a conservative. chez, as a gift from the people of Texas I'm not going to change now." The dilem- V Atty. Gen. Crawford Martin will run who care about whether or not his ma was solved by getting another area for reelection, he says. There had been noble and justice-seeking ends are station, with union personnel, to handle speculation that he would seek a place the pick-up. achieved. Julius Glickman, Olga Eli- on the state Supreme Court. zondo, and I will handle the mechanics V There are conflicting reports about of it and solicit contributions here in More on 1968 former Gov. Price Daniel, whether Houston," writes Joseph Jenkins. w Other late trends, as candidates he'll run for the high court post Meade "We can, however, use any financial Griffin, 73, will give up. jockey for positions in next year's help Nye can get. [Perhaps many of the election, now indicate that House Speaker V There is some talk out of Houston Observer's readers] feel, as I have some- Ben Barnes will run for lieutenant gov- that broadcaster Gordon McLendon, times felt, frustrated and unable to ernor and that, if so, Sen. Ralph Hall, of who ran against Sen.. Yarborough in 1964, change the course of events in the many Rockwell,yOuld not oppose Barnes. Hall is still very much interested in politics. injustices, local, national, and inter- had be'e4-',thaught to be Gov. John Con- V Bill Malone, the Southwest Texas national, with which we are concerned. nally's tOP 'choice for the second spot, but State professor who sought to organ- If so, here is a chance to do something Barnes 'ha's lately become the Establish- ize a Liberal Party in Texas a couple of concrete to correct an injustice, per- ment's apparent candidate for this spot. years ago, will join the faculty of Murray haps small in relation to some others, Lt. Gov. Preston Smith will almost as- (Ky.) State later this year. but no less unjust," says Mr. Jenkins. suredly try to become governor. He'll have He is serving as trustee for the "Well trouble raising money, as many of the News of Taxes for Dionisio Fund." Six hundred dollars sources who chip in for Smith also sup- City sales tax elections are planned at must be raised. Checks or money orders port Connally's campaigns. Houston, Corpus Christi, and Austin. may be sent to Joseph E. Jenkins, 500 V Connally is represented as having The Associated Press reports that the mat- Houston First Savings Bldg., 711 Fannin seriously considered not running for ter is not an issue in many of the smaller Street, Houston, 77002. a fourth term, being of this mind in June. and medium size cities, and "there is ap- It is hoped that by the end of Septem- But President Johnson is believed to have parently reluctance to bring up the issue." ber the money can be raised and the 'urged him to run again, so as to hold Several city officials warn that property equipment presented Mr. Sanchez by Texas for LBJ in 1968. Connally says he'll taxes will have to be raised sharply unless those Observer readers who would like say what he'll do this October. While a sales tax is enacted. There is some or- to participate in person. Connally was wavering Barnes and former ganized opposition to the measure in Aus- Atty. Gen. Waggoner Carr were being tin. Houston Chronicle capital reporter urged by conservative Democrats to make Bo Byers, who has taken a role in op- including Speaker Barnes, believe the the race. posing the tax in his hometown of Austin, actual income would be double that. If Carr is very interested in getting back says the election in the capital city may the need for new taxes is under $100 mil- into politics. He says he's out as far as determine the tax's fate in other Texas lion there will be no widespread tax, 1968 is concerned. However, should Con- cities, since Austin may be the first major Barnes says, such as removing exemptions nally surprise everybody and not run city in which an election is held on the from sales tax on liquor or beer sales, or again, Carr will try for governor. Right question. increasing the state sales tax to 3%. now though Carr sounds like he's getting Rep. Menton Murray, Harlingen, doubts V When the special session will be is ready to challenge Sen. Ralph Yarborough that Valley cities will approve the tax, still uncertain. This fall is still a pos- in 1970. Carr speaks critically of , Yar- and speculates that the legislature may sibility—as are early next year or in June borough's withholding support when Carr have to levy the tax so as to apply to after the primaries. ran against Sen. John Tower last year. all cities, without local option elections. Carr maintains that his loss to Tower was V The Mid East crisis has had a salutary Riots and Texas part of a national trend and "I doubt that effect on Texas oil production and on geog Race riots could occur in Texas, many my defeat was a personal defeat at all." the state treasury. It had been thought state and local officials have conced- V Meanwhile, Smith is conducting sur- that the legislature, in its 1968 special ses- ed in recent days. Lt. Gov. Preston Smith veys in the four largest cities. He says sion, would have to raise $150 million in says the source of the riots is lack of that the biggest factor uncovered to date new taxes. There are estimates current respect for law and the courts' placing is the fourth term issue which Connally now that the figure could range from $60 "obstacles" in the way of police. Atty. would have to face. Connally has conceded to $95 million because of unforeseen rev- Gen. Crawford Martin says we should that he made a mistake in raising that enues from Texas oil companies. have no patience with sociological expla- issue against Gov. Price Daniel in 1962. V Liquor-by-the-drink will be a—per- nations of riots and that the fault lies to "I was as wrong as I've ever been in my haps t he—ma j o r revenue-raising a great extent with recent Supreme Court life," the governor says. Smith has said measure introduced next year by the decisions which impede the police. he'll announce his plans about the first governor's forces at the upcoming special V In Washington Cong. Eatle Cabell, of September. He says other issues that legislative session. The state comptroller Dallas, says much of the blame lies might work against Connally, his surveys estimates such a tax would provide $15 indicate, are Connally's support of liquor million annually, though some officials, August 18, 1967 with U.S. Atty. Gen. Ramsey Clark and At Austin there are rumors of "outsid- traverse half the continent and locate his two predecessors, who, he says, have ers" agitating Negroes. San Antonio Newark, N.J." "consistently hampered and frustrated" Mayor W. W. McAllister believes the riots efforts to punish lawbreakers. U.S. Sen. are the work of "subversives and com- Miscellaneous Notes John Tower agrees, adding that President munists," and has said that the police in V Former liberal legislator Tony Ko- Johnson and the executive branch "have his city will "shoot to kill" if necessary. rioth has become one of three mem- not chosen or been able to cope with V At Houston there was a reprise of the bers of the Industrial Accident Board the lawlessness." It's the banks' fault, be- TSU disorders of earlier this year which administers workmen's compensa- lieves Cong. Wright Patman, Texarkana. ( Obs., June 9-23 ). About 150 young Neg- tion in Texas. "It's a well-known fact that the banks do roes roved the streets near the university not provide credit to people who live in 1/r The ratings of legislators, according breaking windows and hurling rocks • and to the Texas AFL-CIO have been re- what is commonly called the 'ghetto one fire bomb. They dispersed on learning area' of our cities," he said. leased. Among senators, Oscar Mauzy, Dal- that the trial of five Negroes charged with las, was right 15 times, wrong once, ac- V City officials, meanwhile, are pro- assault to murder in connection with the cording to labor. In the House, Ed Harris fessing hope that a Detroit or Newark TSU disorder has been set back to Octo- of Galveston and Rex Braun of Houston won't occur in Texas. "We in Texas don't ber. were right 16 times, wrong no times. Slip- have any real big cities. They are big V New Jersey Sen. Harrison Williams, ping only once were R. L. Vale of San An- towns," says Fort Worth Mayor DeWitt who was uncomplimentary of the Tex- tonio, Bill Bass of Ben Wheeler, Joe Allen McKinley. "They are hometown type of as Rangers during a Senate subcommittee of Baytown, Lauro Cruz of Houston, Lin- towns, and when you have pride in your hearing in the Valley this summer (Obs., don Williams of Galena Park, Jim Clark hometown, you don't go around tearing it July 21), received a number of telegrams of Houston, Neil Caldwell of Angleton, up," McKinley says. Houston Mayor Louie from Texans after the Newark riots sug- and Don Gladden of Fort Worth. Welch concedes "We have a problem, but gesting that the Rangers could help out Wrong on each key vote were Reps. Don with sober, intelligent leadership we can there. Williams answered, " . . . in view Cavness of Austin, Ralph Scoggins of El work our problems out around the con- of the fact that [the IRangers] could not Paso, Ace Pickens of Odessa, and Ralph ference table rather than with fire bombs find their way the'few blocks between the Wayne of Plainview. Wayne is being boom- and bullets." Ringgold Hotel aact='the Starr County ed for a Congressional race next year against Cong. Bob Price, Amarillo, by the courthouse in Rio Grande City to testify, $ The Texas Observer I hardly think they could be trusted to influential Tulia Herald. Wrong, said A labor, on all but one vote were Reps. Gene Fondren of Taylor, Felix McDonald of Edinburg, David Crews' of Conroe, Bob Slider of Naples, John E. Blaine of El Paso, Grant Jones of Abilene, Frank Cal- houn of Abilene, Delwin Jones of Lubbock, and Bill Clayton of Springlake. Leading in absences on labor's key votes was Honore Ligarde of Laredo, who miss- ed eight (standing two right, six wrong on the others). Missing six test votes were Richard Slack of Pecos (one right, nine wrong, otherwise) and Joseph Lockridge, Dallas, ( four and six, otherwise). V In the Senate the Texas AFL-CIO sup- ported 32 bills, of which 14 passed; 14 measures were opposed, of which two passed. In the House 14 of 45 labor-back- ed bill made it, while six of the 25 .bills that labor opposed passed. V San Antonio voters approved a ref- . erendum for passage of a $1.25 city minimum wage ordinance. A court test is likely — as is now in progress against Mathis' $1 minimum wage ordinance. A move is on at Laredo for a $1 minimum; Rep. Ligarde is pushing for the ordinance there. V Sen. Ralph Yarborough says Johnson Refreshing the Nation's Economy is "the best man for labor" in 1968. What is the brewing industry worth to the American V Mr. and Mrs. Jim Mathis, publishers economy? Reckon it in billions. Here are some of our of the Edinburg Daily Review, have annual outlays, in round numbers: expanded with weeklies at Mission, Rio Excise taxes (federal, state, local) . . . .$1.4 Billion Grande City, and Brownsville. The Daily Agricultural purchases (grains, etc.) $215 Million Review, the only daily in the Valley Packaging purchases other than the super-conservative Hoiles (wood, paper, metal) $55Q Million chain papers, has been giving the farm Salaries and wages $2.5 Billion workers' strike major reportage spreads. ON THESE FOUR ITEMS ALONE—MORE THAN $4 BILLION With the daily and three weeklies, Mathis is now braced up and down the Valley The Breweries of America Pump COnstant Refreshment for his challenge to the Hoiles papers, but into the American Economic System. whether he can strengthen his footing re- UNITED STATES BREWERS ASSOCIATION, INC. mains to be seen. The Daily Review re- 905 International Life Bldg., Austin, Texas 78701 cently became engaged in a bitter mayor's race and reportedly has had to pay some prices for its candid editorial stands. Texas: Halitosis and B.O. Houston Texas stinks. She has bad breath and body odor. So, in varying degrees, does every other state in the union. The problem is pollution. But Texas' troubles are, naturally, king- size. Most alarming of all is the fact that the men who run the Lone Star State, through a tacit but powerful interlocking directorate of politicians and corpora- tion executives, are perpetrating and per- petuating a monstrous deception on the public — they have created a faiade of corrective measures which is deliberately self-defeating. "Progress" gets lost in a labyrinth of boards, commissions, com-

Edward P. Morgan mittees, foundations, and study groups which virtually cancel each other out in jurisdictional disputes, allowing The Es- tablishment to do business virtually as usual. A confidence man at a county fair, in cahoots with the sheriff, could hardly have a happier, easier time fleecing the customers. The federal water pollution control ad- state permit revoked for violating water The need is a total reversal of approach, visory board, an independent civilian body anti-pollution standards—for the simple giving people a higher priority than prop- appointed by the President, recently fi- reason those standards were based on the erty and profits. The philosophy of Gov. nished a week's one-the-spot inspection of amount of effluent the plant was produc- John Connally and the rich, powerful pollution problems from Dallas to ing when its permit was granted. At a business "interests who back him is Brownsvillie, at the southern tip of the public hearing in Houston, James Quigley, that you measure progress in industrial state, and back to the great, growing commissioner of the federal water pollu- growth. But how sound an investment is ghastly-looking port of Houston, a vast tion control administration, sharply com- it to add a new plant to the tax rolls and area bigger than several sovereign mem- plained that such legislation merely gives more people 'to the payroll if rampant bers of the United Nations and embracing industry a "semi-perma 1_ license" to non-regulafion of waste results, as it does, multi-billion-dollar investments in agri- continue pollution. in physical; mental, and emotional defects to the community's population? Viewed culture, oil, chemical and other industries. 3. The advisory boarcL- oes not deal The board was stunned by such findings thus, the damage is incalculable, the cost, directly with air 'pollutiaq; but it noted of corrective measures a vital investment.' as the following: with concern the loopholes in the state's Some industries, some public officials are 1. The Houston ship channel, link- new control law, which the Houston Post, making valiant efforts in this direction in ing the city with the Gulf of Mexico, is usually a champion of the Texas Estab- Texas but so far their efforts are not one of the most poisonous bodies of water lishment, bitterly labeled the "dirty air enough. What other state, for that matter, in the world. Almost nothing meaningful act." is doing enough to control pollution? has been done to clean it up: Indeed, con- ❑ trol measures launched a decade ago have 4. While a river authority system is (Copyright, 1967, Newsday, Inc.) struggling to coordinate solutions to water been frustrated. Board member Robert August 18, 1967 W. Patterson, a Maine architect and con- problems the separate river authorities, servationist, noted after a tour of the when the chips are down, have little or no actual authority. The state legislature channel that the water was so dead not TEXAS OBSERVER even seagulls would land on it. can and does create water districts which 2. Though new industries must com- completely frustrate their regulatory ef- BOOKSTORE ply with more rigid requirements, not a forts. One river authority conceded- pri- single established company has had its vately that some federal policing was THREE MEN IN TEXAS necessary because if he stepped on the edited by Ronnie Bugger . $6.50 The writer is a member of the Presi- toes of city fathers and their chamber of commerce connections he would get THE ACCIDENTAL PRESIDENT dent's Advisory Board on Water Pollution by Robert Sherrill' $5.00 and was in Houston earlier this summer slapped down. for hearings conducted by that board. He THE ONE-EYED MAN recently joined the Ford Foundation to do GARNER AND SMITH by Larry L. King $5.95 work in educational television and is writ- STOREtE Send your orders to Sarah Payne, ing a weekly column for Newsday, the Business Manager, Texas Observer, Long Island daily. For many years Mr. 504 West 24th, Austin, Texas. Morgan was a noted radio and television 2116 Guadalupe, Austin, Texas, 78705 Books sent postpaid. Please add the commentator and reporter. He is best 2% sales tax to your check. known for his radio program that was Mail order requests promptly filled sponsored for many I'ears by the AFL-CIO. Another Conscience Stirred Washington, Austin Blackwell believes the bill bringing mindedness when you are not willing to A spokesman for Rio Grande Valley farm workers under N.L.R.A. will pass on accept the entire record." "Nobody is not farmers, testifying in Washington this one side of the Capitol this session and willing," Kennedy said. "And you don't month on the Starr County melon pickers' on the other next year. If Congress stays have it," Atlas said. "Don't start talking strike, stirred Senator Robert F. Ken- in session long enough this year, he says, like that, now . . . You came in here and nedy's belief in remedial legislation for the bill might even pass both the House rather piously protested that you hated farm workers "to just about maximum and Senate in 1967. to do it, and then went on and did it," pitch," Fred Blackwell, general counsel Kennedy told Atlas. of the Senate migratory labor subcom- ATLAS STIRRED up some of A few minutes later Kennedy said, "I mittee, tells the Observer. the senators at once by saying that the wasn't there, but the people had an elec- Now that the subcommittee's Texas and subcommittee in Texas "had something tion down there and decided that they Washington hearings on the Rio Grande more in mind" than legislation, and the didn't want a union; is that what the sit- City strike are completed, Blackwell says, Texas hearings had "distinctly political uation is? And they keep picketing in any both the Kennedy brothers, Sens. Robert overtones." He spoke of "the obvious re- case?" "No, sir; there has been no elec- and Ted Kennedy, are supporting, and luctance" of the subcommittee in Texas tion," Atlas explained. "with passion," the bill to give farm work- to hear "the full story . . . from the point "Why don't you have an election, and ers the protections of the National Labor of view of the growers in the area." let the workers decide, and then' be all Relations Act. Williams asked Rochester if he was cor- finished?" Kennedy asked. "I just say, Under that act, workers can organize rectly quoted in the pr4s, as he walked I am so shocked to hear as I sit here, and ask for a union, and if 30% of them out on the Texas hearings that he was not Mr. Chairman, that you haven't even had petition for an election, they can deter- going to stay at that citeUs. "I don't be- an election down there." mine by majority vote under secret ballot lieve that was 4a( 'inigCittbte," Atlas said. Atlas said no La Casita employee had whether they will have a union. As it is "No, that was Cluoied"06rtiectly," Roches- asked for an election. Had the union? for farm workers now, if they are fired ter concurred. ' 44146t.Pn iefe` the hearing Kennedy asked. The union, Atlas r pled,rie d, in the course of agitating for a union, room," Sen. Willigibg' i catinued, "after had refused to state under oath w er they have no recourse. Under the N.L.R.A., about 15 minutes.,-to—gtr-ornd take a jour- they represent anyone at La Casit&i o' equr workers fired under such circumstances ney to Houston to see the ball game at position," Atlas said, "is that whopst can win reinstatement and back pay with the Astrodome. Is that correct?" "That is ought to call in everybody at everyr--,4ab- complaints of unfair labor practices. correct," Rochester said. lishment in South Texas and say, 'IRt's .Morris Atlas, speaking, he said, not only Atlas denied "wild and unfounded have an election, because Senator Kennedy fir La Casita Farms in Starr County but charges" of slave labor, 50-cents-an-hour thinks an election ought to be had every for the farmers in the four-county Valley wage rates, and lack of water and hygienic place, when no employees have asked area, and Ray Rochester, manager of La facilities at La Casita Farms. In due time for one'." Casita Farms, testified at a Washington Rochester was to testify that the wage If the employees don't want a union, hLaring on Aug. 2. They asked for the rate at La Casita ranges now from the Kennedy said, "the easiest way to clear hMring, although Atlas had testified dur- federal minimum, $1.15 an hour, •up to this whole matter up" is to hold an elec- hig the Texas hearings and Rochester had $1.75 an hour. Atlas stressed that union tion. "The impression that you are giving walked out on them. They, but particular- spokesmen "could not" produce the name me," he told Atlas, "is that you are scared ly Atlas, became engaged in an astonish- of one La Casita employee that they rep- to have an election. You are frightened ing Contretemps with Sens. Harrison Wil- resented (they have contended that they about an election, because you are con- liams of New Jersey, chairman of the sub- fear that their supporters inside the farm cerned that they will vote for a union . .." commttee, and Kennedy of New York. would be fired if identified). Atlas re- If a substantial number of their em- "What should have been really a bor- viewed growers' charges that a trestle has ployees asked for an election, Atlas said, ing, tedious hearing turned out to ,be just been burned, sugar has been put in en- "an election will be called immediately." the opposite," said Blackwell. "The net gines, and trucks and a pump have been effect was another concrete batch of testi- burned, but acknowledged again under WILLIAMS of New Jersey then mony for the need for collective bargain- senatorial questioning that no one had said that the testimony convinced him ing. The second net effect is that this guy been charged at law with committing that the machinery of the National Labor. Atlas succeeded in stirring up the con- these offenses. Relations Act is "most essential" so that victions of another senator who wasn't in Atlas then recited the criminal records farm workers can hold orderly elections. Texas," Kennedy of New York. (Kennedy of Magdaleno Dimas and Benito Rodri- "If I ever saw a case which indicates of Massachusetts was one of the sena- guez, the two Mexican-American union the necessity of having an election and !rs who conducted the Texas hearings.) members who were arrested, with the use having this legislation, it is this testi- of force, by Texas Ranger Captain A. Y. 1 0 The Texas Observer mony," Kennedy said, adding again, "I Allee and others in "the Dimas incident" am shocked." La Casita's spokesman, he fully reported in the Observer earlier this said, was not willing to let the workers summer. "We are not trying to disparage decide. "That's what is shocking to me." anyone, but these people have never been He spoke of "an element of fear" in con- #rilutz' denied by the union," Atlas said. This set nection with an employee asking for an off the first of a series of rancorous, some- election, "fear of what is going to hap- Since 1866 times comical pyrotechnics in the com- pen." mittee room. "It may be a mechanism under the gov- The Place in Austin Kennedy of New York (his younger ernment is needed and necessary, so that brother was not present) established that the workers have that chance to decide,", GOOD FOOD the police records had been testified to Kennedy said. in the Texas hearings. Atlas said that had Although it was brought out that the GOOD BEER not been presented in enough detail. Ken- Department of Labor has advised La Casi- ' nedy told Atlas, "When you said, 'I hate to Farms that "a labor dispute involving 1607 San Jacinto to do it,' and then go ahead and do it, work stoppage or layoff of employees is GR 7-4171 that struck me as a little hypocritical." in progress at La Casita Farms," (in a de- Atlas retorted, "I think it is also closed- terminaton that is subject to review, ) At- las maintained that there is no labor dis- Kennedy. Don't twist things, now. All I Rochester broke this off with the re- pute between La Casita and its employees. am suggesting is that these people have mark, "I have been advised to pipe down, "Evidently, you must be having a prob- a chance to make a determination. so I will do so." Williams said to Atlas, lem down there, or you wouldn't be here Atlas. You certainly are attacking all of "Mr. Rochester came all the way from today," Kennedy rejoined. South Texas .. . Texas to be here, and you told him to pipe down?" Rochester said those had been Sen. Paul Fannin, R.-Ariz., said the evi- Kennedy. That is a distortion of what I dence has shown that the union did not his own words — that Atlas had told him am saying. not to argue a legal point with a lawyer, have representation at La Casita. Kennedy Atlas. No, it is not .. . said that's what the growers said in Cal- Blackwell. Kennedy. Is there anybody else that you Kennedy referred to the advice of Atlas ifornia, too, but when an election was are willing to have do it, other than me? held, the workers decided overwhelmingly to Rochester "of keeping quiet on this im- Atlas. At the present, I would prefer they wanted a union. portant matter," and this opened the final you to anybody I know. act. "Senator," Atlas said to Kennedy, "what Kennedy. But let's have a second choice. you want to avoid is any non-union labor. "That is the classic case of demagogu- Atlas. Senator Ted Kennedy. That is exactly what you want to avoid. ery, and I want to straighten the record," (Laughter.) Atlas said. "I didn't tell him to keep quiet. You want to force every man to become Kennedy. After you get through with the a member of the union." "I don't want to I asked him not argue with an attorney." Kennedys, which would take quite awhile, "I didn't say it," Kennedy retorted. "He force them into it," Kennedy answered. but after you get through with Kenne- "All we are trying to do," Sen. Williams said you told him to 'pipe down'." dys .. . said, "is apply the same orderly proced- "You are making this more of a circus (Laughter.) than there was in Texas," Atlas said. "That ures that have applied for 30 years now, Williams said he thought the hearings in industry, to this major industry, farm is to your credit; you can outdo what was had been called to get facts, but "I have done. You have actually outdone it." workers. That is all." not heard too many facts here today. Atlas repeatedly challenged Kennedy to "I didn't say it. He said it," Kennedy Have you?" he asked Kennedy. answered. come down to Texas and ask for the "I have been very impressed," said Sen- union election, himself; Kennedy dismiss- "If this is a circus," said Senator Wil- ator Kennedy of New York. ed this as "a grandstand play." The sena- liams to Morris Atlas, "you are in the Rochester got into a discussion with center ring." R.D. tor sugge'sted half a dozen labor-manage- Blackwell about the application of the meni authorities who might conduct the federal labor law to farm problems, but August 18, 1967 1 1 eleafP** including Professor Jerre Wil- lianV of -the University of Texas. Kennedy alsei V-aiked Atlas if he would be willing for'' rthbishop Robert Lucey of San An- toriibl to conduct the election. "How about Announcing the Opening . . . the' men that Archbishop Lucey has from his diocese on the picket lines? How about their doing it? Do you think that would ATHENA MONTESSORI SCHOOL be fair?" Atlas answered. "Evidently," Kennedy retorted, ". . . you don't think he could do it objectively, and you don't A child centered educational program designed to develop the in- • think, therefore, that he is an honest man. dividual's unique capacities toward mastery of himself and his That's what you are saying." "You know," Atlas said to Kennedy, "you are an expert environment. in twisting somebody around."

THE ARGUMENT between At- FACULTY las and Kennedy snapped back and forth so fast, Williams said once to the com- MRS. VENA CALLAWAY, R.N., B.S., M.S.—Regis- MRS. MARY ANN NITCH — Attended the Univer- mittee stenographer, "Young lady, you are tered Nurse with B.S. in Nursing, M.S. degree sity of Texas. Classroom experience in a Montessori major in sociology, minor in psychology. Graduate School with husband—an Association Montessori getting all this? I bet if you have any sen- courses in programmed instruction, post graduate Internationale trained teacher. Formerly employed iority in your organization, you will work in sociology. Nine years experience as nurse by Humanities Research Center, Universsity of Texas, choose another committee from now on." educator, including pediatric, psychiatric, and Texas State Library, and four public Texas libraries: children's departments and bookmobile service to For instance: medical-surgical nursing. Three years experience teaching sociology at college and university level. public schools. Atlas. You .come down. Kennedy. I don't. Atlas. Well, I make [the offer]. In all good conscience .. . FACULTY MEMBERSHIP Kennedy. Am I the only person in the United States you will accept? .. . ASSOCIATION MONTESSORI INTERNATIONALE Atlas. You are attacking conditions in AMERICAN MONTESSORI SOCIETY Texas, and you ought to be willing to go look into them. NATIONAL SOCIETY FOR PROGRAMMED INSTRUCTION

MEETINGS The Public is cordially invited to visit the school, August 19-20, 3 to 8 p.m. THE THURSDAY CLUB of Dallas meets each Thursday noon for lunch (cafeteria style) at Red River at 41st Street — opposite Hancock Center the Downtown YMCA, 605 No. Ervay St., Dallas. Good discussion. You're welcome. In- on the scenic campus of St. Mary's Academy formal, no dues. The TRAVIS COUNTY LIBERAL DEMO- CRATS meet at the Spanish Village, 802 Red For further information please write P.O. Box 442, Austin, Teias 78767 River, at 8 p.m. on the first Thursday. You're invited. or call AT 2-1719 ITEMS for this feature cost, for the first entry, lc a word, and for each subsequent entry, 5c a word. Wa must receive them one week before the date of the issue in which they are to be published. r= Dallas Seems About the Same Dallas without first having obtained a permit Councilman Jack McKinney said the The scene strained credibility. There sat from the chief of police." The permit en- council shouldn't concern itself about the fashionably-dressed men and woman titles its holder to use the mall for his the legality of the ordinance, the courts who govern the city. The chamber in purposes for two hours; five two-hour are the place for that. He moved final which they labor is as modish as they, periods are designated and only one per- passage. dark-panelled and illumined by discreet mit will be issued per period. The chief The proceedings were interrupted at indirect lighting. Somewhat at variance is to consider the "purpose and manner this point by Dalford Todd, an attorney with this genteel setting were the specta- of use" proposed by the applicant. and minister who has on occasion preach- tors. Thirty or forty of them were beaded, Several persons were on hand to speak ed at the mall. Todd, dressed in a business bearded, long of hair, unconventional of in protest of the proposed law. Fred Wel- suit, stood up and said the council should dress. A young girl entered to the accom- don, a young attorney representing the get an opinion as to the ordinance's con- paniment of tinkling bells that were at- local chapter of the Texas Civil Liberties stitutionality from the U.S. attorney gen- tached to her ankles. Dallas' hippies were Union, led off. "The ordinance violates eral's office. "Gentlemen," he said, "Dallas represented. Others on hand for the meet- constitutional rights, it's too broad an in- already has got a name. I live here and ing included the usual business types that strument," Weldon asserted. Since it is want to serve my city [in this matter] be- abound hereabouts, elderly codgers of a licensing statute it constitutes a prior cause I love the Lord Jesus Christ. . . I the sort who frequent courthouses and restraint on free speech, he went on. believe this question [of free speech] city halls, a woman wheeling a baby in Noting that the police chief must consider has already been settled by the Supreme a perambulator, a couple of ministers, an the purpose of the applicant for a permit, Court. . . . I personally think a very great assortment of housewives, and an old Weldon said, "There must, be no discretion deal of our police chief and you're putting gentleman who sat patiently, displaying to pick and choose between those who a very onerous duty on him. . . . I may an inscrutable sign that read, "See the shall speak and those who shall not . . . be prosecuted under this ordinance, but Secret of the Kennedy Half Dollar, 25c." [The law] invites the chief of police to that doesn't worry me, because whatever The chief concern of the day was an pass judgment on the propriety of a the Lord Jesus Christ lets happen tome ordinance the council was considering on speech." Weldon was also critical that the is all right with me." third, and final, reading. It deals with the proposed law limits the number of speak- Todd having finished, anotheriglocal Stone Street mall, a blocklong pedestrian- ers to five a day, precludes the possibility preacher, C. R. Bailey, carrying a Bible, way that once was a street connecting of debate and dialogue, and, worst of all, came to the front of the chamber iat4lin- Elm and Main streets. Having no particu- he said, makes a speaker liable to prose- quired if he might speak. "May the LOtid's lar value as a passage for vehicles the cution if he draws a crowd. This last pro- word be heard here?" he asked. "It's 'been street was blocked and made a mall vision, Weldon told the council, means banned by the Supreme Court and hasn't a couple of years back or so, and a foun- that a speech is to be penalized if it been heard here yet." tain installed. Dallas' hippies have taken becomes effective. a "How long would you like to speak?" liking to the spot and regularly conduct Mayor Jonsson asked. be-ins, love-ins, or what have you on the "About five minutes," Bailey said. mall, reading poetry, playing guitars, sing- D ALLAS MAYOR Erik Jonsson sat through Weldon's 20-minute presenta- "I'd like to limit you to two minutes," ing, and just, generally, grooving. Adjacent said Jonsson: tion with a look of benign patience on his merchants have not been pleased; they "I believe the Lord's word deserves five had complained to city hall about the face. When the lawyer had finished, the mayor said, smiling, "Mr. Weldon, of minutes," Bailey shot back. This drew congregating kids. Also a source of un- long, enthusiastic applause from the course you probably understand what the happiness for the retailers were the min- crowd, mostly the hippies, and vaporized council's reasons are. . . . There were isters who hold forth on the mall, and the mayor's hold on his temper. interferences with the rights of others have for years. "Stop that applause and stop it now or [at the mall] . . . We have nothing against Finally it became clear the council we'll have you removed from here by the any activities at Stone Street as long as would have to act to quiet the complaints police. This is not the place for theatric- they don't impinge on the right of the merchants. An ordinance was pre- 's of others. als," Jonsson said sternly. pared. "It shall be unlawful for any per- . We've had complaints from the Wilson son between the hours of 7 a.m. and 7 p.m. Building, a block away, about the noises," on any day except Sundays and legal holi- he said. Pedestrians who might use the BAILEY THEN was permitted days to use that portion of Stone Place mall walkway are avoiding it and mer- to speak. He began by reading a lengthy . . for the purpose of demonstrations, chants have noticed a loss of business, passage from his Bible as the mayor and speeches, or unusual acts or exhibitions, Jonsson advised. "What was intended as council members looked on dourly. Con- a pleasant walkway has become a loung- 12 cluding his reading, Bailey began a ser- The Texas Observer ing area," the mayor said. monette. "At one end of the Stone Street Mall the word of God is preached, but Buttons are simply a sublimation for man's natural propensity for in- the people don't want to hear that they're depth social commitment and physical release of hidden emotion which sinners and that their government has be- have caused terrible hang-ups since the earliest recorded times and that come murderers . . . . drawing blood. ain't all .. . "I have nothing to do with that sign Complete Catalog of Nasty, Immoral, Off-color, Left Wing, the man is holding back there," Bailey preverted, drug-crazed, mind-warped, a n d ever so silly! said, pointing, "but it's true that our BUTTONS silver has turned to dross because we are resisting the word of God." BE-IN BUTTON MANUFACTURY A councilman -interrupted Bailey, say- 4304 Travis Street, Suite 148, yet ing. "Mr. Mayor, this man is not speaking HOUSTON, TEXAS or thereabouts on the subject of the ordinance." Don't come by to see us cause we ain't there, we just get our mail there and The vote was quickly called. There were build a button or two under the cover of darkness. no dissenters. An hour later the hippies Custom buttons at normal cost—No order too small or large. had reconvened at the mall before the eyes of a policeman. No arrests were FREE THE SCOTSBORO GIRLS known of as the Observer went to press. G.O. 1.4-million carbines, 2-1-million rifles, 28,- Observations 496 submachineguns, 71,174 machineguns and 30,668 mortars, 26,845 artillery pieces WAAAAAAA AA AAAA.AAA and recoilless guns of all types, and 45,360 missiles, including 14,251 of the air-to-air, heat-seeking type." Marijuana and LSD The major buyeis are the European na- The laws against marijuana have be- tions, Australia, and Japan; we supplied 71,174 Machine Guns nations on both sides of the Middle East-. come as ridiculous and self-defeating as em war. prohibition. On Aug. 6, 1967, from Chi- Far more corrupt than the recent brou- cago, the American Medical Association's haha about the CIA is the fact, revealed One of the principal arguments used to Committee on Alcoholism and Drug De- in a valuable series by Neil Sheehan in justify this Pentagon venture into . free pendence said that no physical depend- The New York Times, that the United enterprise is that it helps our balance of ence for marijuana has been demon- States government, in part through the payments problem. One of the arguments strated, and it has not been shown as Import-Export Bank, has gone into the that influenced American leaders, espe- yet that marijuana causes any lasting business of selling arms to foreign na- cially Secretary of State James Byrnes, mental or physical changes. This has been tions. Since 1949 the U.S. has sold and to use the atomic bomb on Hiroshima was known for several years, and the smoking given away weapons worth more than all that it would make Russian more manage- of pot is widespread, especially among our grants and loans for regular economic able in Europe: college students. Although like alcohol _it assistance since 1948. Under "Country may play a role in a psychiatric problem, X" loans—loanS' to unidentified countries The Problem, You See it is not addictive or harmful in itself, yet —the Export-IMpOrt . Bank has been fund- people are still being sent to jail for long ing U.S. goverment" arms sales to foreign What's-there-left-to-say-department: terms as though it is. The result of this governments. situation is a spreading conspiratorial dis- : . From a story by George C. Wilson in the Washington Post July 31, 1967: obedience of the law and an increasing Consider the ,folloWirig:facts in ,the light contempt for all laws seeking to regulate of our country's.' flapping lip-service to . . . the Secretary of State [Rusk] , on the CBS television program 'Face the darngging drugs. peace and "arms-iccintrd1": Nation' Sunday sounded pessimistic on N w we have in hand a chilling story "Defense • Dep'alitMerit statistics indi- these other diplomatic fronts: by , on in the Saturday Evening cate," Sheehan reported, "that over the "—Vietnam negotiations. He confirmed o n accumulating medical evidence last 18 years U.S. 'government arms ex- for the first time that Soviet Premier thaetSD may,cause malformed babies. It ports included: 16,630 aircraft, _including Alexei Kosygin at Glassboro told Presi- is conceded by all that this hallucinogen 8,300 jet fighter-bombers; 38 destroyers, dent Johnson that peace negotiations with is dangerous for people who are already 24 submarines, 258 destroyer escorts, and North Vietnam could begin shortly if the incipiently psychotic. They may never three aircraft carriers; 19,827 tanks and come back from the trip and wind up 3,055 other armored assault vehicles; August 18, 1967 1 3 permanent mental cripples. Allen Ginz- • berg can be philosophical about such vic- • I tims of LSD if he wishes, but I am not. n ly Hotel Now here is some evidence—I commend r e _ • • the article in the Aug. 12 Post to everyone who has taken LSD or is tempted to—that LSD breaks chromosomes and may result in malformed babies. The analogy to Thalidomide suggests itself. LSD would not have become such. a fad if marijuana's illegalization had not been so absurd. If the law is square in one case, (so reason some), it must be in the other. Let the evidence come clear on LSD; meanwhile, unless you want to risk your own children so you can have your kick, I'd suggest leaving it alone. And he WESTBROOK GI"' legislators, specifically Texas legislators, McCin and Fourth Streets might at least start discussing the legaliza- tion of marijuana now that they have the AMA to hide behind. • 300 Restful Rooms • Newly Air-Conditioned S Completely Redecorated • Montessori School of South Austin Family Plan $ 8 50 ONE CLASS ONLY Rates - $4 limited to 15 children ROY M. FOX, Manager Accepting applications for Septem- ber. Location: St. Edward's Univer- A Famous Western Hotel located in sity campus. the Heart of Fort Worth PHONE HI 2-5117 A.M.S: MEMBER R T • .•-• ...... U.S. stopped the bombing of the North then, how about—who? Perhaps no one is even a building that "ought to be con- unconditionally. listening any more. demned" because it has to put the people "Rusk said 'the problem with that is' "Half the patients in institutions do not somewhere. Dr. Kinross-Wright said he that the U.S. must know what the other belong there but we don't have the per- was disappointed • at Connally's veto of a side would do in return." sonnel to get them out of there," said $600,000 appropriation to lease and oper- In other words, we won't. Commissioner Kinross-Wright. He is talk- ate faciilties for 100 patients in Houston. ing about 6,000 human beings who do not With more than 2,000 of the admissions at DeWitt Greer Retires belong in Texas mental hospitals but the Austin hospital from Harris County, We have been ready enough in 'these that's where they are. he said, "This is what we had hoped the pages, over the years, to challenge state He said that in two years or more the 100 beds in Houston would do—take some officials we have believed to be compro- governor's and the legislature's new com- presure off the Austin State Hospital." mised or corrupt. With the retirement of munity mental health centers will start The riots, the war, vacations, what's DeWitt Greer, the chief of state highway reducing the overcrowding, but mean- for supper tonight, God it's hot, I wonder engineer, I should like to express my own while, the Austin State Hospital needs what's on at the Paramount . . . R.D. admiration for him. In a period during which fabulous billions of dollars have been spent on highways, with rampant graft in many state highway departments, In My Opinion Greer's department has been a tight, clean operation. He has been a model public servant, efficient, honest, quiet, and dedi- cated. Building highways was the work he chose and he did it well. Dilemma on the Left ABC Spells ITT Austin will run, though he is reported to be gen- There is today, on the Texas left, an in- uinely bored with his job; but the politi- Is it of more than passing interest that cal powers he represents feel he must run just as soon as the world's ninth largest tensification of the long-standing debate about tactics for gaining power in the next year and are pressuring him„ to do SO. industrial concern, ITT, merges with the ABC network, ABC pays Governor John state's political system. Generally through Connally's bills on a hunting safari to the years the prevailing liberal view on If labor goes for Barnes or Hill iii l f970, Africa? The governor is a ,partisan figure. this matter has been that we must work what will the liberals who are not'fri the Not only a Democrat, he is a most con- the precincts, register voters, and cap- AFL-CIO do? Should we hold out =for a servative Democrat. What is an American ture the Democratic party machinery at Yarborough in the statehouse or go for conventions, finally storming into power television network doing, paying his way Barnes, for example, on the basiS that in sweet revenge for the many reverses to Africa, and what is the Governor of he's an improvement over Connally and that have been suffered, most notably that Texas doing, accepting? Why has the lib- that he can win — and should he win with in 1956 when apparent victory was denied. eral commentator Edward P. Morgan liberal support we'd have more influence upped and left ABC recently? The FCC But I sense a shift in thought on the left on a governor than at any time in 30 years. The Speaker has kept his contacts has voted 4-3 to let ITT and ABC merge, in that more people are beginning to en- RCA owns NBC, and God knows who vision the liberal ascendancy less in terms on the left open and is earnest in main- taining such communication. Perhaps it's owns CBS. This is still a free country but of a dramatic, single coup at the polls, more realistic to think in those terms, enough of this kind of stuff and it, won't but more in a steady eroding of the Es- be any more. tablishment's power — by accepting the though it's certainly not as exciting a pros- token appoiifthients to state boards, by pect as electing one of the Yarboroughs. These Things Take Time wooing politicians who might be useful What an inauguration day that would be! in providing a transition from the Shivers- I suppose liberals feel it's simply a mat- The new commissioner of the state Daniel-Connally sort to the Yarborough ter of time before changes are made at mental 'health and mental retardation type. I mean such people as Ben Barnes Austin. Free voter registration, increased agency, Dr. John Kinross-Wright, said and John Hill. I believe the leaders of la- political activity on the part of Mexican- some things at a press conference this bor in Texas, who long have leaned more Americans and Negroes, a growing Repub- summer that do not seem to have been towards a pragmatic, and not a doctrin- lican Party — all of these factors surely heard. One might have thought the daily aire approach to altering the political will lead inevitably to a new political newspapers would be filled with shocked, balance of this state, are now seriously order in Texas. How to bring about this indignant editorials. From our liberal considering support of Barnes or Hill in change most quickly is the problem. It legislators, at least, we might hope for a future governor's race. And I wonder if may be the changes liberals want will outcries. The governor obviously can't many more people in the labor movement occur in spite of liberals rather than be- have much to say from Africa; neither don't support this idea, and many more cause of them. can Don Yarborough from Spain. Well, outside of labor, too. Not in 1968, I don't think, because I believe Gov. Connally In the meantime the Texas Liberal Dem- 14 The Texas Observer ocrats are facing a serious challenge now •#•444,44t#444.••••••••#•####44440,444144.40~, from those who want to confront such /4#•••••••••••■1 questions as the central one of our time: AUSTIN Is there life after Lyndon? TLD has had MARTIN ELFANT serious trouble in proving itself a rele- MONTESSORI vant political group since its founding; time will tell whether a mistake — per- Sun Life of Canada SCHOOL AUSTIN'S ONLY ACCREDITED 1001 Century Building MONTESSORI SCHOOL CLASSIFIED BOOK PLATES Houston, Texas NOW TWO LOCATIONS FREE CATALOGUE—Many beautiful designs. 3307 EXPOSITION Special designing too. Address BOOKPLATES, CA 4-0686 4108 AVENUE H Yellow Springs 24. Ohio. GL 2-0404 "The Idler." Send $1 for four sample back issues of lively, liberal monthly. 413 6th St. NE, Wash- •••••••••••■••••••••••■••44...###•••••1•••■••••■•4*. .••••••••••••••••##•••••••••••••••••••••• ington, D.C. 20002. haps fatal — has been made in avoiding night, including the Senator Joe Bernal the voters that loyalist and liberal Demo- the Vietnam issue. And time is needed, Humanitarian Award, to Capt. A. Y. Allee, crats have more expertise and can handle too, to determine whether the New Poli- who gets a copy of Mein Kampf translated the job better. tics people can get together; they're a into Arabic by George Jessel. Spears said his campaign debts still disparate group — radical white students, total $50,000. There are times he can pay SNCC, the Valley farm workers, and such. only the interest, $300 a month. He con- Interesting Ideas ceded that he made a mistake in conduct- ing his race for attorney general last year. Country Boys I was interested in the remarks of three "I assumed something that was very in- liberal legislators at the TLD gathering. correct, that my liberal voting record was A banquet the night before Vice Presi- Franklin Spears may have put his finger well-known." I should have talked more dent Humphrey spoke at Fort Worth was on an important point when he said that about my record, Spears said. the major showcase for the state officials the liberal movement in the state is con- Rep. Don Gladden, Fort Worth, said at the Texas AFL-CIO convention and be- fused and frustrated "because .the gover- liberals must run hard on issues in the came sort of the occidental world nor, an arrogant, power-hungry, and ego- future. He said that liberals have a built- finals in the 1967 country boy competi- centric man, . . . has engaged in our rhe- in issue now — "to call for taking away tion. On hand were two professional coun- toric, enabling him to come up and say the power that Connally has exerted over try boys — John Henry Faulk, the liberal 'I've been for these things all along'," such the legislature." He said liberals must not Austin humorist who won a multi-million things as pollution control, industrial run races as moderates on the expectation dollar judgment for being accused unjust- safety, etc. So bills are passed that, that they can become liberal aftet being ly of being a communist, and Cactus Pry- though they are advertised as being ad- elected. If forthrightly liberal campaigns or, the President's favorite wit. In the dressed to such auestions, prove actually are waged, then the voters will come to face of two such seeded favorites, the to be of littleLAilkstiince. It used to be understand what liberals want and the amateur competitors could have been for- easy, Spears said, for liberals to fight the suspicion that exists about anything so given for giving up without trying. But good fight, since in the 1950's and early labelled will dissipate, Gladden believes afterwards it was judged to have been 1960's the dialogue wasn't blurred. "It Rep. Arthur Vance said there are 30 no contest — an urbane city-slicker law- was easy to tell who,Ithe. good guys and members of the Texas House of Represen- yer had topped 'em all, Secy. of State the bad guys wel-e01 asi Spears said. Lib- tatives who are staunchly liberal and have JohW Hill. He said he believes "like the erals now, Speapiwiektt on, must not only old country judge said, 'By gosh, I'm four- advocate these. );.programs ' but convince August 18, 1967 15 squar fpr labor, long as they don't want ••••••••##########4,4•1 to siri4e or get higher wages'." HAL saying that when he's asked about his stand on liquor-by-the-drink, he refers Hear! Hear! to the .rather familar story told about a veteran backwoods politician; "If, sir, by liquor, you mean that wrecker of homes, "Mr. Rapoport (President of American Income Life) not only that blurrer of the gift of reason [etc., etc.] well, then, sir, I stand against that. BUT if by liquor you mean that elixir that met the prevailing wages and conditions .. . quickens the appreciation of the finest in life, that boon to companionship [etc., etc.], then sir, I stand squarely for that." but in fact .. . Hill's able rendition of this story and his 0(f consummate skill in country-boying gen- has agreed to a ,5.6.10Fact which establishes patterns for all of organized erally made some of the banquet's diners wonder if perhaps labor and liberal peo- labor to attempt to a:elite-ire in future collective bargaining." tt L ple have been too hasty in thinking House The above statement was made to a Texas AFL-CIO official by a Business Speaker Barnes is the Establishment's most potent campaigner and likely suc- Representative of the Office and Employees International Union who had cessor to Connally. It was not hard to just completed negotiations for a two year agreement, following Unionization imagine Hill wowing the peckerwoods on the courthouse lawns during a primary of American Income employees. campaign. This is a heretofore unsuspect- ed talent of our secretary of state. We think the statement stands on its own merits. Don't you? Pryor did well, nonetheless, emceeing the evening's proceedings.. He started out by saying "Anytime I have the chance to see Preston Smith and Ben Barnes get We Like Organized Labor! together I'm going to take it . . . Preston's in charge of lethargy now that John [Con- nally] is away . . . We've got some real good doorprizes here tonight. One is Sen- ator Dirksen reading choice excerpts from 7-i 1 J. Evetts Haley with background music provided by the Johnson City High School MERICAN INCOME !FE Band; a recording of Senator [George] A Parkhouse's mutterings during a Babe Schwartz speech; and a book of answers to Aggie jokes, titled 'Oh, Yeah'?" /fiAtoawee apeall Seated in the audience was State Sen. Jim Bates, who has pushed for learning Executive Offices, P. 0. Box 208, Waco, Texas more about the financing of the LBJ State Park. "Jim, I want to make a confession," Pryor said. "I contributed to that damn BERNARD RAPOPORT park." Pryor then announced a series of President fictitious awards he would make that "the guts to stand up. There'd be 30 more # • ###.**.srer.####~#####.####~4,4■•• *•••••••••~#4,44#9##### if they weren't a little bit afraid. You could help on that." And Why Not? Dialogue The Vietnam war could be ended to- 0########1~#4#1• morrow, if our leaders would heed the •#•••••#•~##############•#~# ####11,04•11~~1 plan of Miriam Merritt, a Houston writer, whose idea was told to me in Fort Worth at the TLD meeting. What we do is wait Strange Development in front of the Capitol from 1 to 2 p.m. for dark to fall one night and pull out all every Saturday since March 18, and we of our troops, leaving behind 'a message It ain't true that Don Yarborough is re- plan to continue the vigils until Ameri- on the beach: "The War's Over." turning from Spain to run for governor of cans stop killing and being killed in Viet- Texas. I predict he will remain in Spain nam. Although we have been ignored by Yes, Mr. Freud? and run against Franco.—James Presley, the Austin press, we feel that we are mak- Texarkana, Texas. ing some impression on the community "Some 89 Peace Corps volunteers from through the number of people who pass all over the United States begin a 12-week the vigil in the downtown traffic. . ..- training session at the guniversity of TeX- A Permit from Congress Brooks Liston, 2012 Enfield Road, Austin, Tex. 78703. as next week." I think a movement should be started —Fort Worth Star-Telegram to make it unconstitutional for the Unit- June 23, 1967 A Strange Madness ed States to engage in warfare on foreign soil without a declaration of war, or at The U.S. Constitution provides that Con- Vol. 59, No. 16 least a permit, from Congress. Of course gress shall declare war and that all treat- the Constitution does give Congress the ies of the United States shall be the su- A couple of months ago I noticed that exclusive right to declare war, but it our designating each issue with a volume preme law of the land. Yet we are fight- doesn't prohibit the executive from mak- ing in an undeclared war and we have a and issue number had gotten away from ing war undeclared. I presume the fram- us, we had Vol. 58, No. 32, or something treaty with the United Nations to not ers considered that prohibition to be un- unilaterally involved ourselves in another like that. Since we only have 25 issues a derstood. . . . The lack of a feeling of year you can't have No. 32. OK, so I went man's war. We are not in Viet Nam with responsibility for Vietnam in the breast U.N. sanction as we were in Korea. . . . back and tried to figure out the number- of the average American is something al- ing system and found that the volume most obscene. If their representatives in Some people are speaking up. Consider number had changed at various odd times Congress had been obliged to commit these words spoken last year by retired in years passed. So I dropped the prac- Gen. David Shoup, recent past comman- tice of numbering each issue. themselves by a vote the atmosphere might be different. We might no be there dant, U.S. Marine Corps., Congressional But a couple of librarians have written at all.—C. C. Zey, 129 Chicago, McAllen, Medal of Honor winner at Tarawa, and to say this fouls up their systems, or some- Tex. an all-time leatherneck hero: ". . . I be- thing, so, good ladies, let us say that Vol. lieve that if we had kept and would keep 59 began with the first issue this year, our dirty, bloody, dollar-crooked fingers making this issue Vol. 59, No. 16. OK? Leaflet Offered out of the business of these nations so G.O. As the war in Vietnam grows, which full of depressed, exploited people, they. 16 The Texas Observer is now a day-to-day thing, the American will arrive at a solution of their own, that people find that they don't really know they design and want, that they fight and as much about the war as they think they work for. And if unfortunately their revo- do. An excellent little leaflet, "Insights lution must be of the violent type because into the Problem of Viet Nam," has been the 'haves' refuse to share with the 'have- published and I would like to send it to nots' by any peaceful method, at least any readers of the Texas Observer who what they get will be their own and not will send a stamped envelope requesting the American style which they don't want it. — Richard A. Chinn, 600 Third Ave., and above all don't want crammed down South, Providence, Ky. 42450. their throats by Americans. . ." Distinguished Prof. Jack Peltason has After You, Boys pointed out that wars, as a general rule, do not stop communism; they often ac- What do you suppose would happen to celerate it. The Viet Nam war is a strange the plans for recurring Vietnams if the madness, indeed. American mothers should decide that their sons are no more expendable than Maury Maverick, Jr., 535 South Main, those of the war makers and profiteers? San Antonio, Texas. I hope to teach my sons that it is their "patriotic" duty to become killers or Not the First corpses only as follow-up troops for the sons of the elite. In other words, I am This year's Boys' State, conducted by teaching them — don't go! — Mrs. Lee the American Legion, was not, as the Ob- Dresh, Mesquite, Tex. server suggested [May 26, Political Intel- ligence] the first in which a Negro par- ticipated. Two years ago the Houston dele- Austin's Vigil gation included eight or ten Negroes, one In the May 26 issue of the Observer it of whom was third in the balloting for was stated that "peace vigils are continu- party chairman and who was elected, ing in Texas, at least in Dallas, and per- resoundingly, as party whip. — J. McCarty haps in several other cities." There has Yeager, 5095 Fieldwood, Houston, Texas been a peace vigil in Austin on 11th Street 77027.