DOCSLIB.ORG

Gingival Recession Associated with Predisposing Factors in Young Vietnamese: a Pilot Study

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Gingival Recession Associated with Predisposing Factors in Young Vietnamese: a Pilot Study Gingival Recession Associated With Predisposing Factors in Young Vietnamese: A Pilot Study Tung Nguyen-Hieu1, Bao-Dan Ha-Thi2, Hang Do-Thu2, Hoa Tran-Giao3 1PhD, DDS.* † 2MSc, DDS.* 3DDS.* *Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Odonto-Stomatology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. †Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes, UM 63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France. Abstract Aims: Several studies have shown a large diversity in the prevalence, extent and severity of gingival recession as well as controversial conclusions of its associated factors. Therefore, the aim of this pilot study was to evaluate gingival reces- sion with predisposing factors in young Vietnamese. Methods: A cross-sectional study using clinical examination was performed in 120 dental students. Oral hygiene status, tooth malposition and fraenal attachment were recorded. The width of keratinised gingiva was measured after mucosa staining with Lugol’s iodine solution. Measurements of gingival recession were performed on labial tooth surfaces. Chi- square test, t-test and Pearson’s correlation were used for data analysis. Results: The prevalence of gingival recession was 72.5% of the studied population. The extent of affected teeth was 11.1% of the examined teeth. The proportion of root-surface exposure was statistically higher (P<0.05) in the maxilla (12.5%) than in the mandible (9.6%). Premolars and right canines were the teeth most frequently and most seriously associated with gingival recession, respectively. There was a strong negative correlation between narrow width of kera- tinised gingiva and gingival recession (P<0.001). The recession was statistically associated with tooth malposition (P<0.001) but it was not related to high fraenal attachment and gender. Conclusions: A high prevalence of gingival recession was found in Vietnamese dental students. Gingival recession was associated with narrow width of keratinised gingiva, tooth malposition and maxillary teeth. Further studies performed in larger populations with more extended age groups are needed to confirm these findings. Key Words: Gingival Recession, Prevalence, Severity, Extent, Tooth Malposition, Fraenal Attachment, Keratinised Gingiva Introduction tooth-brushing, non-carious cervical lesions (abra- Gingival recession has been defined as a displace- sion, abfraction, erosion, resorption), inflammation ment of gingival margin apically from the cemen- (dental plaque, calculus, gingivitis, periodontitis), to-enamel junction (CEJ), leading to root-surface iatrogenic factors (inappropriate fixed prostheses, exposure, which may cause poor aesthetics, dentine poorly designed partial dentures, operative proce- hypersensitivity, plaque retention, gingival bleed- dures, orthodontic treatment, traumatic occlusion) ing, susceptibility for root caries and fear of tooth and diverse factors (age, gender, piercing, chewing loss [1-3]. A denuded root surface frequently stick trauma) [3,4]. A high prevalence of gingival results from a combination of predisposing and recession has been reported in America (63%-89%) triggering/aggravating factors. Predisposing factors [5-7], Europe (25%-84%) [8-13] and Australia included bone dehiscence, insufficiency of width (71%) [14] but a lower prevalence has been found and/or thickness of keratinised gingiva, tooth mal- in Africa (28%) [15,16] and Asia (15%) [17]. position and high fraenal attachment. The trigger- However, the extent of root-surface exposure was ing/aggravating factors may include: traumatic higher in Africa (18%-51%) [15,16] and America Corresponding author: Tung Nguyen-Hieu, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes, Faculté de Médecine, Aix-Marseille Université, 27 boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France; e-mail : [email protected] 134 OHDM - Vol. 11 - No. 3 - September, 2012 (38%-44%) [5-7] than in Europe (5%-17%) [8-13], They obtained a kappa index of agreement of more Australia (4.6%) [14] and Asia (2%) [17]. There than 0.8. Oral hygiene status was evaluated by are limited published data concerning the preva- Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S) [21]. lence, extent, and severity, as well as associated Labial surfaces of upper first molars and lingual factors of gingival recession in Asia [16,18]. surfaces of lower first molars (sometimes second Furthermore, conclusions of the association molars because of first molar loss) and the labial between gingival recession and predisposing fac- surfaces of upper right and lower left central inci- tors including width of keratinised gingiva [12], sors were assessed for debris and calculus accumu- fraenum attachment [13,18] and tooth malposition lations. The OHI-S has two components including [15,18,19] are still controversial [20]. Although the the Simplified Debris Index (DI-S) and the aetiology of root-surface exposure is multifactorial, Simplified Calculus Index (CI-S), which are based determining the influence of predisposing factors on numerical determinations representing the has an important role in management of gingival amount of debris and calculus found on the select- recession such as increasing keratinised tissue, ed tooth surfaces. Each of these indices has scores fraenectomy or orthodontic treatment. from 0-3 corresponding with an absence of soft debris/calculus, their amount covering one-third, Aim two-thirds, and more than two-thirds of the exam- The aim of this pilot study was to measure gingival ined tooth surface, respectively. recession in a population of 19-25 year-old dental All excluded sites including absent teeth, tooth students for preliminary assessment of the preva- roots and tooth-supported fixed prostheses (crowns lence, extent, severity of gingival recession and its and bridges) were noted. Tooth malpositions predisposing factors including width of keratinised including overeruption, rotation and other gingiva, tooth malposition and fraenal attachment malalignment were also recorded. The position of in Vietnamese young adults. the CEJ was determined by visual observation and the "slight scratch" of a periodontal probe on the Methods cervical tooth area in a cervico-occlusal direction. If there were non-carious cervical (wear) lesions or Target population cervical restorations, the position of the CEJ was A cross-sectional study using a clinical examina- considered as corresponding with that of adjacent tion was performed in a population of 120 dental teeth. Gingival recession was evaluated by using a students of University of Medicine and Pharmacy millimetre-graduated periodontal probe to measure of Ho Chi Minh City in Vietnam. These subjects from the free gingival margin to the CEJ at the site were randomly selected from about 600 students of of maximum gingival recession on the labial sur- Faculty of Odonto-Stomatology. Briefly, 80-120 face of each tooth (excluding third molars). In order dental students from every class were classified to localise the mucogingival junction (MGJ), both into ten groups of 8-12 students, from which two the gingiva and buccal mucosa were rinsed with groups were randomly selected. A total of 12 water, dried and then stained with 3% Lugol's groups including 120 students from six classes iodine solution (3 g of elemental iodine and 6 g agreed to participate in this study after reading the potassium iodine in 300 mL sterile water) by using research objectives and signing a consent form. a cotton swab. After two minutes, highly kera- Only 19-25 year-old students, non-smoking and tinised epithelium did not retain the Lugol's iodine those having more than 24 teeth (excluding third solution while buccal mucosa was stained a red- molars) were included. Students with a history of brown colour. The width of keratinised gingiva of orthodontic or periodontal treatment were exclud- each tooth (excluding third molars and previously ed. The type of toothbrush (soft, medium or hard) excluded sites) was measured by using a millime- used by the students was recorded. tre-graduated periodontal probe from MGJ to free gingival margin with 1.0 mm precision. Fraenal Clinical examination and measurements attachments were also assessed according to the All clinical examinations were performed by two Placek et al. (1974) classification [22] in which periodontists (B-D H-T and H D-T) who had previ- four levels of labial fraenal attachments are mucos- ously calibrated by recording all clinical measure- al, gingival, papillary and papillary penetrating. ments to be used in the study on ten dental students. After clinical examination, participants were given 135 OHDM - Vol. 11 - No. 3 - September, 2012 oral hygiene instruction and advice on how to con- gival recession. The proportion of root denudation trol the progression of gingival recession as well as was statistically higher (chi-square test, P<0.05) in suggestions for appropriate treatment. the maxilla (205/1634, 12.5%) than in the mandible (157/1635, 9.6%). Furthermore, teeth most fre- quently associated with gingival recession were the Data analysis left first molar (35/116, 30.2%) and the right first For assessing the oral hygiene status, OHI-S value premolar (31/114, 27.2%) in the maxilla and the was calculated and classified from 0-1.2 for good right second premolar (24/113, 21.2%) and left first status, 1.3-3.0 for medium status and 3.1-6.0 for premolar (25/119, 21%) in the mandible (Figure 1). poor status. Values of DI-S and CI-S were com- In the maxilla, a decreasing degree of root-surface bined to obtain OHI-S value as follows: DI-S = exposure was observed as follows: premolars (total scores of debris)/(total number of tooth sur- (84/205, 41%) > molars (74/205, 36.1%) > canines faces with debris), CI-S = (total scores of calcu- (34/205, 16.6%) > incisors (13/205, 6.3%). In the lus)/(total number of tooth surfaces with calculus) mandible, this was found as follow: premolars and OHI-S = (DI-S + CI-S) [21]. Descriptive statis- (90/157, 57.3%) > molars (37/157, 23.6%) > inci- tics and the chi-square test were carried out to char- sors (18/157, 11.5%) > canines (12/157, 7.6%).
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Concurrent Occurrence of Bilateral Hypodontia and Microdontia in a Nonsyndromic Paediatric Patient: a Case Report
    Case Report DOI: 10.7860/JCDR/2020/43540.14083 Concurrent Occurrence of Bilateral Hypodontia Dentistry Section and Microdontia in a Nonsyndromic Paediatric Patient: A Case Report PG ANJALI1, BALAGOpaL VARMA2, J SURESH KUMAR3, paRVATHY KUMARAN4, ARUN MAMACHAN XAVIER5 ABSTRACT Hypodontia is a developmental dental anomaly defined as the absence of one or more primary or permanent teeth excluding third molars. It can be associated with syndrome or nonsyndromic condition accompanied with other developmental dental anomalies like microdontia. Bilateral occurrence of hypodontia alongside microdontia is a rare condition. This case report presents a rare occurrence of bilateral hypodontia and microdontia in a nonsyndromic patient. Owing to its nonsyndromic background, other parameters like developmental delay, height, weight and body mass index are used as the predicting factors for the occurrence of hypodontia. Developmental milestones are one of the important factors in deriving the treatment plan. Treatment options in this case were directed at delaying the treatment until the eruption of the permanent successor teeth followed by the use of mini- implants for hypodontia, porcelain jacket crown for microdontia and the orthodontic treatment for final space closure. Keywords: Developmental delay, Developmental milestones, Familial pattern, Growth percentile, Mandibular teeth CASE REPORT On general examination, he had normal stature and appearance, A seven-year-old male patient reported paediatric department with chief height of 44 inches, and 18 kg weight. Extra oral examination of complaint of pain in the left lower back tooth region since two weeks. He limbs, hands, skin, hair, nails and eyes, neck, back, muscles, cranium was clinically diagnosed with multiple deep dental caries (74,75,84,85) and joints appeared normal.
    [Show full text]
  • Section I the Patient BLUK133-Jacobsen December 7, 2007 16:38
    BLUK133-Jacobsen December 7, 2007 16:38 Section I The Patient BLUK133-Jacobsen December 7, 2007 16:38 “I’m ready when you are.” 2 BLUK133-Jacobsen December 7, 2007 16:38 Chapter 1 The Patient – His Limitations and Expectations Section I The provision of high-quality restorative dentistry depends upon the dentist: Making an accurate diagnosis Devising a comprehensive and realistic treatment plan Executing the treatment plan to a high technical standard Providing subsequent continuing care There is a very strong tendency, particularly in the and here re-education is often necessary to bring him field of fixed prosthodontics, for the dentist to become down to the practical and feasible. over-interested in the technical execution of treat- It might be that the dentist has the skills and tech- ment. There is a vast range of materials and equip- nical facilities to perform advanced procedures, but ment to stimulate this interest and compete for his before he puts bur to tooth, he must stop and ask attention. It is perhaps inevitable that dentists can be- whether this is really what this patient needs and come obsessive about types of bur or root canal file, wants. If the answer is no, then to proceed is an act the pros and cons of various materials and the precise of pure selfishness that might also be regarded as techniques of restoration. negligent! This is not to decry such interest because a high Certainly the dentist may have certain treatment standard of technical execution is essential for the goals for all his patients – no pain or caries, healthy longevity of restorations.
    [Show full text]
  • Gracis S. a Simplified Method to Develop An
    CLINICAL RESEARCH A simplified method to develop an interdisciplinary treatment plan: an esthetically and functionally driven approach in three steps Stefano Gracis, DMD, MSD Private Practice, Milan, Italy Correspondence to: Dr Stefano Gracis Via Brera 28/a, 20121 Milan, Italy; Tel: +39 02 72094471; Email: [email protected] 76 | The International Journal of Esthetic Dentistry | Volume 16 | Number 1 | Spring 2021 GRACIS Abstract typically required. This article provides a practical step- by-step approach to planning comprehensive interdis- Many clinicians are unsure of how to develop a com- ciplinary treatment focused primarily on the teeth as prehensive plan of treatment for patients who present they relate to each other and to the structures that with multiple problems and pathologies. In order to surround them. The approach is based on the answers efficiently plan appropriate treatment for such com- to six questions that are grouped into three steps: 1) plex patient cases, the clinician needs to either have or evaluation of the teeth relative to the face and lips; develop the necessary knowledge of evidence-based 2) assessment of anterior tooth dimensions; and 3) information on the predictability of available clinical analysis of the anteroposterior and maxillomandibular procedures. The clinician also needs to understand relationships. The information obtained must then be the correct sequence in which such treatment is ap- related to the patient’s skeletal framework, periodontal plied, and perfect the skills required for carrying out status, caries susceptibility, and biomechanical risk as- that treatment. Since most clinicians have not ac- sessment in order to formulate a clear and complete quired all the knowledge and skills necessary for this plan of treatment.
    [Show full text]
  • Discuss Before Fabricating: Communicating the Realities of Par Tial Den T U R E Th E R a P Y
    C L I N I C A L P R A C T I C E Discuss Before Fabricating: Communicating the Realities of Par tial Den t u r e Th e r a p y . Par t II: Clinical Out c o m e s • Nita M. Mazurat, DDS • • Randall D. Mazurat, BSc, DDS, MDEd • A b s t r a c t The premise of this review is that patients’ satisfaction (and hence compliance) with partial denture therapy may be better if they are more fully informed about the limitations of the prosthesis they are to receive. Neither the dentist nor the patient should assume that all of their respective expectations will be mutually understood and inherently met. By discussing patient-centred issues and predictable clinical outcomes, both dentist and patient will be better prepared to determine whether a removable prosthesis is appropriate. Searches of the Cochrane Collaboration and MEDLINE databases were conducted to identify issues pertaining to patient compliance in wearing cast removable partial dentures. In addition to the 2 most frequent patient concerns, esthetics and mastication, discussed in the first article of this series, additional aspects of concern to the dentist and the patient when considering a removable partial denture include overeruption, post-insertion care, comfort, longevity of the prosthesis, effect on speech and biologic consequences are discussed here. MeSH Key Words: denture, partial, removable; prosthodontics; treatment outcomes © J Can Dent Assoc 2003; 69(2):96–100 This article has been peer reviewed. o re than a quarter of all re m ovable part i a l Materials and Methods dentures (RPDs) fabricated are deemed unsuc- Searches of the Cochrane Collaboration and MEDLINE M cessful,1 where failure is defined as refusal or databases were conducted between January and April 2002 inability to wear the denture.
    [Show full text]
  • Creating Brighter Futures Aesthetics & Teamwork
    University of Sydney Aesthetics & Teamwork Creating Brighter Futures Aesthetics & Teamwork Utilizing an Interdisciplinary Approach to Enhance Anterior • The gingival margins of the central incisors should be Dental Aesthetics positioned 0.5-1mm apical to the lateral incisors and should be at the same level as the canines. The general goals of orthodontic treatment are to establish • The contour of the labial gingival margins should follow a good occlusion, enhance periodontal health, and improve the CEJ of the teeth. dental and facial aesthetics. In the past, greater emphasis has been placed on achieving ideal alignment and a good • There should be a papilla between each tooth, which occlusal result, with less emphasis being placed on occupies the apical half of the interproximal contact. periodontal health and the aesthetic appearance of individual teeth. In some patients, well-aligned teeth may still The following situations can detract from an aesthetically look unaesthetic. A “gummy smile”, uneven gingival margins pleasing smile. and crown heights, worn teeth, missing papillae and abnormal tooth morphology can jeopardize the aesthetic 1. The “Gummy Smile” appearance of teeth. In many cases, these unaesthetic situations can be improved through a coordinated The “gummy smile” has three potential causes. It may be teamwork approach of orthodontics, periodontics and the result of excessive vertical maxillary growth, which is restorative dentistry. most often managed with a combined orthodontic and orthognathic surgery treatment approach. Secondly, a “gummy smile” may be caused by delayed apical migration What Contributes to an of the gingival margin, or thirdly, overeruption of the Aesthetically Pleasing Smile? maxillary anterior teeth.The management of the latter two causes is determined by probing the sulcular depth of the Having well-aligned teeth is not the only factor that maxillary anterior teeth.
    [Show full text]
  • Ankylosis of Permanent First Molar: Diagnosis by Cone Beam
    Int. J. Odontostomat., 11(3):319-325, 2017. Ankylosis of Permanent First Molar: Diagnosis by Cone Beam Computed Tomography Anquilosis del Primer Molar Permanente: Diagnóstico por Tomografía Computarizada con Haz Cónico Eliana Dantas da Costa1; Priscila Dias Peyneau1; Francielle Silvestre Verner2; Rafael Binato Junqueira3; Solange Maria de Almeida1 & Glaucia Maria Bovi Ambrosano4 DA COSTA, E. D.; PEYNEAU, P. D.; VERNER, F. S.; JUNQUEIRA, R. B.; DE ALMEIDA, S. M. & AMBROSANO, G. M. B. Ankylosis of permanent first molar: Diagnosis by cone beam computed tomography. Int. J. Odontostomat., 11(3):319-325, 2017. ABSTRACT: Ankylosis is an anomaly of tooth eruption characterized by the fusion of cementum and alveolar bone, and may affect from small regions to the entire root surface. Clinical assessment combined with imaging exams can aid diagnosis. Radiographic testing enables assessing only proximal regions of possibly affected roots. Whereas cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) allows a three-dimensional assessment of axial, coronal, and sagittal planes of all dental extension, eliminating thus overlapping images and helping to confirm the correct diagnosis. The present study contains a case report of a male patient with ankylosis in tooth 16 diagnosed by CBCT, aiming at providing information for dentists about this anomaly, its characteristics and situations in which CBCT should be indicated. KEY WORDS: dental ankylosis, diagnosis, cone beam computed tomography. INTRODUCTION Dentoalveolar ankylosis is an anomaly of den- mandibular deciduous first molars (Loriato et al.; Alves tal eruption, caused by mechanical failure of eruption et al.; Bertl et al.; Parisay et al., 2013), followed by (Frazier-Bowers et al., 2007), characterized by the second mandibular and maxillary deciduous molars fusion of cementum and alveolar bone (Loriato et al., (Parisay et al.).
    [Show full text]
  • Management of Infraoccluded Second Primary Molars Without Successors
    To Extract or Not To Extract? Management of Infraoccluded Second Primary Molars without Successors. Authors Lewis Hua BDS MFDS (RCPSG), PG Cert (Med Ed) Paediatric Dentistry Specialist Registrar ST1 Edinburgh Dental Institute Matthew Thomas BDS Hons (Wal) MPhil (Card) MFDS RCS (Eng) MRD RCS (Edin) FDS (Rest Dent) RCS (Eng) FDSRCS (Ed) Consultant (Restorative Dentistry) Shannu Bhatia BDS, MDS, MFDS RCS (Eng), M (Paed) Dent RCS (Eng), FDS (Paed) RCS (Eng), FHEA Senior Lecturer/ Honorary Consultant (Paediatric Dentistry) Adam Bowkett BDS (Bris)(Hons) MFDS RCS (Edin) MScD (Card) MOrtho RCS (Eng) Specialist OrthodonticsSarah Merrett BDS Hons (Wal) MFDS RCS (Eng) MPhil MOrth FDS (Orth) Consultant (Orthodontics) Abstract Infraocclusion is a term used to describe a tooth which has stopped its relative occlusal growth into the arch after the period of active eruption; as a result, they become depressed below the occlusal plane. Although many aetiological mechanisms have been proposed, ankylosis is considered the primary cause of infraocclusion. Complex cases benefit from multidisciplinary management. This paper concentrates on the diagnosis and management of infraoccluded second primary molars without permanent successors and without significant malocclusion and provides clinicians with a treatment decision tree to aid in treatment planning. “In-brief points” Early clinical and radiographic diagnosis of infraoccluded teeth. A treatment decision tree to aid in treatment planning infraoccluded primary molars in cases with missing permanent successor and without significant malocclusion. Introduction Infraocclusion is a term used to describe a tooth which has stopped its relative occlusal growth into the arch after the period of active eruption; as a result they become depressed below the occlusal plane1, 2.
    [Show full text]
  • Does Fixed Retention Prevent Overeruption of Unopposed
    University of Groningen Does fixed retention prevent overeruption of unopposed mandibular second molars in maxillary first molar extraction cases? Livas, Christos; Halazonetis, Demetrios J; Booij, Johan W; Katsaros, Christos; Ren, Yijin Published in: Progress in Orthodontics DOI: 10.1186/s40510-016-0119-z IMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version (publisher's PDF) if you wish to cite from it. Please check the document version below. Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Publication date: 2016 Link to publication in University of Groningen/UMCG research database Citation for published version (APA): Livas, C., Halazonetis, D. J., Booij, J. W., Katsaros, C., & Ren, Y. (2016). Does fixed retention prevent overeruption of unopposed mandibular second molars in maxillary first molar extraction cases? Progress in Orthodontics, 17(6). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40510-016-0119-z Copyright Other than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Take-down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons the number of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum. Download date: 26-09-2021 Livas et al. Progress in Orthodontics (2016) 17:6 DOI 10.1186/s40510-016-0119-z RESEARCH Open Access Does fixed retention prevent overeruption of unopposed mandibular second molars in maxillary first molar extraction cases? Christos Livas1*, Demetrios J.
    [Show full text]
  • Glossary of Periodontal Terms.Pdf
    THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF PERIODONTOLOGY Glossary of Periodontal Te rms 4th Edition Copyright 200 I by The American Academy of Periodontology Suite 800 737 North Michigan Avenue Chicago, Illinois 60611-2690 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, or otherwise without the express written permission of the publisher. ISBN 0-9264699-3-9 The first two editions of this publication were published under the title Glossary of Periodontic Terms as supplements to the Journal of Periodontology. First edition, January 1977 (Volume 48); second edition, November 1986 (Volume 57). The third edition was published under the title Glossary vf Periodontal Terms in 1992. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The fourth edition of the Glossary of Periodontal Terms represents four years of intensive work by many members of the Academy who generously contributed their time and knowledge to its development. This edition incorporates revised definitions of periodontal terms that were introduced at the 1996 World Workshop in Periodontics, as well as at the 1999 International Workshop for a Classification of Periodontal Diseases and Conditions. A review of the classification system from the 1999 Workshop has been included as an Appendix to the Glossary. Particular recognition is given to the members of the Subcommittee to Revise the Glossary of Periodontic Terms (Drs. Robert E. Cohen, Chair; Angelo Mariotti; Michael Rethman; and S. Jerome Zackin) who developed the revised material. Under the direction of Dr. Robert E. Cohen, the Committee on Research, Science and Therapy (Drs. David L.
    [Show full text]
  • GPT-9 the Academy of Prosthodontics the Academy of Prosthodontics Foundation
    THE GLOSSARY OF PROSTHODONTIC TERMS Ninth Edition GPT-9 The Academy of Prosthodontics The Academy of Prosthodontics Foundation Editorial Staff Glossary of Prosthodontic Terms Committee of the Academy of Prosthodontics Keith J. Ferro, Editor and Chairman, Glossary of Prosthodontic Terms Committee Steven M. Morgano, Copy Editor Carl F. Driscoll, Martin A. Freilich, Albert D. Guckes, Kent L. Knoernschild and Thomas J. McGarry, Members, Glossary of Prosthodontic Terms Committee PREFACE TO THE NINTH EDITION prosthodontic organizations regardless of geographic location or political affiliations. Acknowledgments are recognized by many of “The difference between the right word and the almost right the Academy fellowship, too many to name individually, with word is the difference between lightning and a lightning bug.” whom we have consulted for expert opinion. Also recognized are dMark Twain Gary Goldstein, Charles Goodacre, Albert Guckes, Steven Mor- I live down the street from Samuel Clemens’ (aka Mark Twain) gano, Stephen Rosenstiel, Clifford VanBlarcom, and Jonathan home in Hartford, Connecticut. I refer to his quotation because he Wiens for their contributions to the Glossary, which have spanned is a notable author who wrote with familiarity about our spoken many decades. We thank them for guiding us in this monumental language. Sometimes these spoken words are objectionable and project and teaching us the objectiveness and the standards for more appropriate words have evolved over time. The editors of the evidence-based dentistry to be passed on to the next generation of ninth edition of the Glossary of Prosthodontic Terms ensured that the dentists. spoken vernacular is represented, although it may be nonstandard in formal circumstances.
    [Show full text]
  • Repositioning of Overerupted Upper Molar for Facilitating Lower Implant Placement with Miniscrews
    CASE REPORT Repositioning of Overerupted Upper Molar for Facilitating Lower Implant Placement with Miniscrews Shafira Kurnia, Samuel Rehuel Santoso, Widyawati Sutedjo and Chiquita Prahasanti Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia ABSTRACT Loss of the mandibular first molar often leads to the overeruption of the opposing maxillary first molar, resulting in inadequate interocclusal space. In this report, two miniscrews were placed into the buccal and palatal region of the upper first molar to correct the overerupted teeth using power chains. Progress of treatment was evaluated every two weeks for five months. The clinical results showed significant intrusion while maintaining periodontal health, tooth vitality, and root length. Key Words: overerupted molar, intrusion, miniscrew INTRODUCTION The loss of mandibular first molar can lead to serious problems with remarkable clinical changes in the position of adjacent and antagonist teeth; this may require orthodontic and rehabilitation treatment due to the complexity of the resulting malocclusion. Overeruption was statistically greater in maxillary unopposed teeth than in mandibular unopposed teeth.1,2 The maxillary molar overeruption often causes difficulties upon treating antagonist tooth prostheses. The use of orthodontic miniscrew for molar intrusion to re-establish a functional posterior occlusion is an option compared to enameloplasty, intentional root canal treatment, and surgical impaction.3 This case report describes a method for regaining of vertical space by an intrusion of upper left first maxillary molar using orthodontic miniscrews and power chains for antagonist implant crown restoration. CASE REport The patient was a 42-year-old woman who came to University of Airlangga Oral and Dental Hospital with the complaint of missing lower left molars since a year ago.
    [Show full text]
  • SNODENT (Systemized Nomenclature of Dentistry)
    ANSI/ADA Standard No. 2000.2 Approved by ANSI: December 3, 2018 American National Standard/ American Dental Association Standard No. 2000.2 (2018 Revision) SNODENT (Systemized Nomenclature of Dentistry) 2018 Copyright © 2018 American Dental Association. All rights reserved. Any form of reproduction is strictly prohibited without prior written permission. ADA Standard No. 2000.2 - 2018 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD/AMERICAN DENTAL ASSOCIATION STANDARD NO. 2000.2 FOR SNODENT (SYSTEMIZED NOMENCLATURE OF DENTISTRY) FOREWORD (This Foreword does not form a part of ANSI/ADA Standard No. 2000.2 for SNODENT (Systemized Nomenclature of Dentistry). The ADA SNODENT Canvass Committee has approved ANSI/ADA Standard No. 2000.2 for SNODENT (Systemized Nomenclature of Dentistry). The Committee has representation from all interests in the United States in the development of a standardized clinical terminology for dentistry. The Committee has adopted the standard, showing professional recognition of its usefulness in dentistry, and has forwarded it to the American National Standards Institute with a recommendation that it be approved as an American National Standard. The American National Standards Institute granted approval of ADA Standard No. 2000.2 as an American National Standard on December 3, 2018. A standard electronic health record (EHR) and interoperable national health information infrastructure require the use of uniform health information standards, including a common clinical language. Data must be collected and maintained in a standardized format, using uniform definitions, in order to link data within an EHR system or share health information among systems. The lack of standards has been a key barrier to electronic connectivity in healthcare. Together, standard clinical terminologies and classifications represent a common medical language, allowing clinical data to be effectively utilized and shared among EHR systems.
    [Show full text]