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Pesquisas Em Geociências Pesquisas em Geociências http://seer.ufrgs.br/PesquisasemGeociencias Corais Carboníferos da Bacia Amazônica Irajá Damiani Pinto Pesquisas em Geociências, 8 (1): 59-132, Set./Dez., 1977. Versão online disponível em: http://seer.ufrgs.br/PesquisasemGeociencias/article/view/21790 Publicado por Instituto de Geociências Portal de Periódicos Informações Adicionais Email: [email protected] Políticas: http://seer.ufrgs.br/PesquisasemGeociencias/about/editorialPolicies#openAccessPolicy Submissão: http://seer.ufrgs.br/PesquisasemGeociencias/about/submissions#onlineSubmissions Diretrizes: http://seer.ufrgs.br/PesquisasemGeociencias/about/submissions#authorGuidelines Data de publicação - Set./Dez., 1977. Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil CORAlS CARBONiFEROS DA BACIA AMAZONICA > Jraj6 Damiani Pinto· SINOPSE especially from the localities of Born Jardim and Monte Cristo, State of Par'. Five species of Tetracoral1a are o pr~t1te trabalho compreende 0 !:SIuda de corais described: Stereos/ylus mendesi sp. nov.; S. leinsi, sp. carbonHeros da AmazOnia. Baseou-sc, fundamental­ nov.; AmplexiUlphren/is pelrii. sp. nov.; Dibunophyl_ mente, em material de Born Jardim e Monte Cristo, 70ides dUllcunoe. sp. nov.; D. geireli, sp. nov.; Lo­ ParA, Brasil. Trala da paleoecologia, idade, correlw;lIo phomplexus sp.; and one species of Tabulata: Mullilhe­ e luinomia. Apresenia ainda ierminologia de corais em coporo milonoi, sp. nov. pofluguls e sumttrio em ingJ!s. This study confirms the Westfalian C or D (Desmoi­ Os corais descrilos sao: nesian) for the outcrop of Born Jardim. The outcrop of Tetracoralla: Stereos/ylus mendesi Pinto, sp. nov.; Monte Cristo is probably younger, Stephanian Stereostylus leifll; Pinlo, sp. nov; Lophamp/exus sp.; (Missourian or Virgilian). Amplexizophrenlis petrU Pinto, sp. nov.; Dibunophyf­ Terminology of corals in portuguese and an English summary are also presented. laides duncanat Pinto, sp. nov.; Dibunophylloides ge/­ seli Pinto, sp. nov. Tabulata: Mullilhecopora milano; Pinto, sp. nov. Confirma 0 presente esluda idade WestfaJiano C Ou o (Oesmoinesiano) para os afloramentos de Born Jar. • Professor Titular do Departamento de Palcontologia dim e talvet poueo mais recente para os de Monte Cris­ e Estratigrarw do Instituto de Geoci~ncias da UFRGS. to, Estefaniano (Missouriano ou Virgiliano). Os trabalhos do autor v~m sendo auxiUados peto Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CienUfioo e Tecnologico (CNPq); pela Fund~ilo de Amparo l ABSTRACT Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do SuI (FAPERGS) e peJa Cilmara Especial de Pesquisa e Pbs-Gradulll;lo This work is about the study of carboniferous corals da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SuI from the Itaituba Formation. of the Amazonian Basin. (UFRGS). PESQUlSAS, PORTO ALEGRE, 8:59-132, DEZEMBRO, 1977. 59 PARTE I A. INTRODUC;:XO 1. Conside~6es Gerais todos estes anos, apesar do interesse que po­ deria representar para a estratigrafia da o material em estudo pertence a Forma­ AmazOnia, nAo foi realizado, resolveu 0 ~ao Itaituba (Pensilvaniano). originalmente autor retoma-Io, pensando trazer mais uma designada Serie Itaituba por Charles Hartl contribuicAo fa paleontologia e fa estratigra­ em 1874. fia brasileiras. A exist!ncia de {asseis no Carbonifero da AmazOnia foi registrada, pela primeira vez, 2. Origem e reposU6rio do material por Jolo Martins da Silva Coutinho, em 1863. Ate 0 preseote (oram assinalados para o material e proveniente de afloramentos a paleofauna da Formacao: foraminiferos. das margens do Rio Tapaj6s (vide mapa). corais, briozoarios. braquibpodes, moluscos Foi coletado pelo Professor Josue Camargo (escaf6podes, gastr6podes, bivalves e cefalb­ Mendes e os tipos encontram-se depositados podes), artrbpodes (trilobites, ostracodes, no Instituto de Geoci~ncias da Universidade esteriideos), equinodermos e conodo'ntes, de SAo Paulo. alem de palinomorfos e acritarca. Da pale().. fauna as braqui6podes constituem 9 grupa 3. Trabalhos prhlos mais estudado devido, especialmente, aos varios trabalhos do Professor Josue Camar­ Os f6sseis do Carbonifero do Amazonas gO Mendes. foram noticiados por Coutinho (1863) e a se­ Quanto aos corais s6 Coram feitas citacDes guir assinalados por Chandl!ss (1865), para , baseadas na morfologia externa, e uma i1us­ a area do Rio Paruari. Entretanto, a desig­ tracAo (Katzer, 1903 Est. IV, fig. lOa e b), naCAo Serie Itaituba para esses sedimentos porem nenhuma descricAo sistematica segu­ foi introduzida por Charles Hartt, em 1874, ra,baseada em seceOes, que pudesse permitir em seu trabalho "Report of a Reconaissance seu uso na bioestratigrafia, na correlacAo es­ . of the Lower Tapaj6s" e, ainda segundo Or­ tratigrafica ou na paleoecologia. ville Derby (1874) foi Brown que, em 1872, Com estes objetivos 0 presente trabalho chegou a uma idade carbonlfera. para esses rea1iza tam bern a descriCAo sistematica dos sedimentos, baseado em f6sseis de Itaituba. corais, e teve inlcio em 1955, quando 0 au­ Derby (1874) foi 0 autor do primeiro traba­ tor, como bolsista da Universidade de SM lho monografico sobre braqui6podes da Paulo, realizava 0 Curso de EspecializacAo FormacAo Itaituba. Posteriormente, em em Geologia. 1894, em seu trabalho "The Amazonian Teve prosseguimento em 1956, nos Es­ Upper Carboniferous Fauna" relaciona toda tados Unidos da America do Norte, onde 0 a fauna conhectda correlacionando-a com autor, como bolsista da Rockfeller Founda­ outras areas da AmazOnia. Em 1903, Fried­ tion, estagiou no United States Geological rich Katzer, do Museu do Para, publica seu Survey,·junto fa grande especialista de corais excelente trabalho "Grundzilge der Geologie f6sseis, Ora. Helen Duncan e com 0 Dr. des unteren Amazonasgebietes" (Republica­ Russell Jeffords da University of Kansas. do em portugues, em 1933 no Boletim do o emprego, por parte do autor, desde Museu Goeldi). Segue-se uma serie de outros 1957, de grande parte de suas atividades na irabalhos ocupando-se da paleofauna carbo­ organizacAo e posterior direcAo da Escola de nifera da AmazOnia: Duarte (1938), Reed Geologia da Universidade Federal do Rio (1933), Kegel (1951), Petri (1952, 1956), Grande do Sui, feI com que fosse deixado fa Dresser (1954), Mendes (1956, 1956a, 1957, parte por longo tempo 0 presente trabalho. 1957a, 1957b, 1958, 1959, 1961, 1965, 1966, Entretanto, como 0 estudo dos corais, em 1967, 1967a. 1972). Strimple (1960), Lane 60 (1964), Barbosa (1965), Fulfaro (1965), Pin­ co falecida, as homenagens e 0 reconheci­ ) to (1966), e da palinologia: Daemon e Con­ mento pelos auxilios e orienta~llo no estudo treiras(1971). dos corais; assim como ao Dr. Russell Jef­ fords da University of Kansas pelo acolhi­ 4. Agradecimentos mento e discussM 'dos grupos de corais de sua especialidade. Aos colegas do Museu Agradecimentos 0 autor deve a muilas Goeldi. pelo cnvio do material coletado por pessaas e inslitui~Oes. especialmente: ao Katzer inclusive 0 por ele figurado em seu Professor Paulo Sawaya, da Universidade de trabalho de 1903. SAo Paulo a cujo interesse deveu 0 aulor sua balsa de estudos naquela Universidade e a Quer ainda 0 autor agradecer aqueles que excelente oporlunidade de estudar sob orien· para conclusllO do presente trabalho, 0 auxi­ ta~ao dos eminentes Professores Viktor liaram sobremaneira. especialmente as cole­ Leinz e Josue Camargo Mendes, aos quais gas Ivone Purper, Lilia Pinto de Ornellas, tanto deve, nllo sb pela orienla~ao, esUmulo Norma Luiza WOrdig e Yvonne T. Sangui­ e confian~a como pela amizade com que 0 netti. A amiga e bibliotecAria-chefe do Insti­ receberam; ao ultimo, inclusive, pela suges­ tuto de Oeoci~ncias, Heloisa Muccillo Sarai­ tAo e fornecimento do material para estudo. va, especial agradecimento pela paciente Agradece. tambem, a Universidade de SAo prepara~ao da bibliografia; a Senhora Luize Paulo e a Rockefeller Foundations peias hol­ KOrner pela traduello dos trabalhos em rus­ sas de estudo concedidas. Ao Dr. Harry Mil­ so. sem os quais nM poderia ter completado ler da Rockefeller Foundation, a bolsa e au­ o presente estudo. Cabe ainda agradecimen­ xilios para pesquisa que permitiram 0 pros­ to especial ao Conselho Nacional de Pesqui­ seguimento dos trabalhos no campo da Pa­ sas pelo apoio constante atraves de todos es­ , leontologia. A Ora. Helen Duncan, M pou- ses anos aos diversos trabalhos do autor. , . B. METODO DE TRABALHO 1. Tknicas de prepara~io grafados antes do inlcio do processo de pre­ paracllo para 0 seccionamento. A sistematica dos corais exige 0 conheci­ Depois de fotografados sao incluldos em mento da morfologia externa e interna. Para bAlsamo do Canada para secciona-!os sem este fim, faz-se necessario a retirada dos es­ romper ou destruir as estruturas internas. pecimens da rocha matriz e 0 posterior sec­ Derrete-se'o bAlsamo. inclui-se 0 exemplar, e cionamento dos mesmos para conhecimento ferve-se a fim de que penetre em todas as ca­ da estrutura interna, elemento essencial na vidades, expu!sando 0 ar contido nas mes­ taxinomia. 0 processo de isolamento dos mas e preenchendo-o totalmente. Resfriado especimens da matriz estA condicionado ao e consolidado 0 balsamo, os corais sao cor­ tipo de fossilizaCllo: lados transversalmente e longitudinalmente com serra de disco de diamante de, no ma­ ximo, 2mm de espessura. a. Tipo de fossilizaCao Os corais encontram-se silicificados e in­ 2. Tknicas de ilustra~io c1uidos em matriz calcaria, 0 que permite isola-los sob aeao de solueOes diluidas de Para melhor observar os elementos inter­ Acido. nos, ap6s realizados os cortes foram os mes­ mos polidos com carborundum 200 e 600. Por fim foi colocada uma gota de 61eo de b. Seccllo do material cedro, que ressalta os elementos, e feitos de­ Uma vez isolados, os es¢cimens devem senhos em cAmara clara Zeiss ou Wild. ser seccionados. Para registrar os detalhes de As fotografias de vistas externas foram toda a morfologia externa, devem ser foto- fdlas com 0 aparelho R~eprovit 11 da Leitz. 61 C. TERMINOLOGIA Ao que se conhece este e 0 primeiro tTaba­ C'lice everlido (everted) - Quando a pe­ Iho, em lingua portuguesa. que descreve ta­ riferia do calice e mais baixa do Que 0 assoa­ xinornicameme corais fbsseis.
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