DOCSLIB.ORG

Characteristic Jurassic Mollusks from Northern Alaska

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Characteristic Jurassic Mollusks from Northern Alaska Characteristic Jurassic Mollusks From Northern Alaska By RALPH W. IMLAY A SHORTER CONTRIBUTION TO GENERAL GEOLOGY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 274-D A study showing that the northern Alaskan faunal succession agrees with that elrewhere in the Boreal region and in other parts of North America and in northwest Earope UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1955 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Douglas McKay, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY W. E. Wrather, Director For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Ofice Washington 25, D. C. - Price 25 cents (paper cover) CONTENTS Page 69 69 69 70 73 75 75 78 ' 81 82 92 95 ILLUSTRATIONS [Plates 8-13 follow index] PLATE 8. Inoceramus and Gryphaea 9. Aucella 10. Amdtheus, Dactylioceras, "Arietites," Phylloceras, and Posidonia 11. Ludwigella, Dactylioceras, and Harpoceras. 12. Pseudocadoceras, Arcticoceras, Amoeboceras, Tmetoceras, Coeloceras, and Pseudolioceras 13. Reineckeia, Erycites, and Cylindroteuthis. Page FI~UR~20. Index map showing Jurassic fossil collection localities in northern Alaska -,,----,--------------------------79 TABLES Page TABL~1. Relative abundance of specimens of Jurassic molluscan genera in northern Alaska -------------------------- 70 2. Geographic distkibution of Jurassic macrofossils from outcrops in northern Alaska ---- ---,-------------------77 3. Test wells from which Jurassic fossils and stratigraphic data have been obtained -----------------------,----82 4. Jurassic macrofossils from well cores in northern Alaska ---------------------------------- 82 CHARTS CHART 1. Correlation of Jurassio formations of northern Alaska ---- -- - - - -- - - - - ---- - - - - - - - --- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- -- - - In pocket A SHORTER CONTRIBUTION TO GENERAL GEOLOGY CHARACTERISTIC JURASSIC MOLLUSKS FROM NORTHERN ALASKA ABIJTRACT Lehgwell in 1911 and by field parties from the United The fossils from the J'urassic strata of northern Alaska prove States Geological Survey since 1947. During the sum- that the Lower, Middle, and Upper Jurassic series are repre- mer of 1950 the writer spent 10 days along the Canning sented but suggest that certain stages or parts of stages are River and 1 day along the Sagavanirktok River ex- not represented. There is no faunal evidence for the presence amining Jurassic outcrops. This provided some first- of the middle and upper parts of the Bajocian, the entire Bathonian, the upper part of the Callovian, the lower Oxfordian, hand field information concerning the difficulties of or the upper Portlandian. Field evidence shows that a discon- mapping the Jurassic strata and of determining the formity occurs at the stratigraphic position of the upper Port- stratigraphic succession. The brief descriptions of the landian. Both field and subsurface data suggest an uncon- stratigraphic and lithologic relationships presented formity immediately preceding the upper Oxfordian. The herein as background for the ecologic and stratigraphic absence of faunal evidence for certain stages, or parts of stages, may be related to the fact that elsewhere in Alaska and in the interpretations have been obtained mainly from dis- western interior of North America major retreats of Jurassic cussions with the geologists who have recently studied seas occured during Bathonian, late Callovian, and Portlandian the Jurassic rocks. These geologists, including George times. Gryc, C. L. Whittington, I. L. Tailleur, E. G. Sable, Although the Jurassic strata in northern Alaska are gen- A. S. Keller, W. W. Patton, Jr., B. H. Kent, M. D. erally impoverished faunally, nevertheless, in many places in- terpretations of the stratigraphy or the structure are based on Mangus, J. T. Dutro, H. N. Reiser, R. L. Detterman, the fossils present, or the fossils are used as supplementary and R. H. Morris, have also checked or rewritten all evidence. Wherever the faunal succession can be determined locality descriptions and have plotted the positions of in northern Alaska, it agrees essentially with that elsewhere in the localities on figure 20. Their efforts have contrib- the Boreal region and in other parts of North America and uted greatly toward increasing the accuracy and value in northwest Europe. Faunal and lithologic relationships suggest that the eastward- of the data in this report. It is hoped that the inter- trending Jurassic seaway of northern Alaska had rather uni- pretations of the data will have immediate use in north- form and moderately steep slopes along its northern and ern Alaska and will have application in other parts of southern margins and that more than half of its sea bottom Alaska. was stagnant and at least as deep as the lower part of the BIOLOGIC ANALYSIS neritic zone. The existence of moderately deep water may ex- plain the presence of the ammonites PhyZZoceras, Lytooeras, The Jurassic fossils from northern Alaska that are and Reiwclceia, which are missing in the shallow-water Jurassic generically identifiable include 163 specimens of am- strata in the interior of North America, in east Greenland, and in the Barents Sea area. The scantiness of the fauna over much monites, 9 belemnites, 530 pelecypods, 5 scaphopods, 9 of the seaway is problably related to unfavorable bottom condi- rhynchonellid brachiopods, and more than a hundred tions and to an inadequate supply of certain materials such pieces of the crinoid Pentaminus. Of the total of 707 as phosphate. Fairly warm waters during Early Jurassic and individual mollusks 'at hand, 338 belong to the pelecy- early Middle Jurassic (Bajwian) time is indicated by the presence of ammonites that had a nearly worldwide distribution. pod AuceZla, and 369 belong to other genera. The Somewhat cooler waters and the presence of climatic zones Aucellas are a mere sampling of the enormous numbers during the Late Jurassic in Alaska, as in other parts of the present in the outcrops, but the other 369 mollusks Boreal region, is indicated by the presence of molluscan genera represent nearly all that could be obtained by the field quite distinct from those in the Late Jurassic of the Mediter- geologists in the time available. This number is sur- ranean region. prisingly small considering that many field parties have INTRODUCTION worked in the area during the past 50 years. It shows This study of the Jurassic macrofossils from north- that the outcropping Jurassic strata are poorly fos- ern Alaska is based on collections made by E. de K. siliferous except for Aucella. The number of spec.imens 70 SHORTER CONTRIBUTIONS TO GENERAL GEOLOGY - - -. -. - - in the molluscan genera arranged according to their such as Grammatodon, Gryphaea, and Pholadomya are age is shown on table 1. known by single occurrences. Actually the only fairly Many of the fossils in the collections are either common pelecypods are Imceraw and Aucella, and crushed or fragmentary. Most of the pelecypods, other these characteristically do not occur together. than Aucella, are so imperfectly preserved that they Among ammonites, too, very few genera are repre- are not worthy of description and are merely listed sented, considering the amount of Jurassic time and generically. Most of the ammonites are merely com- strata present. It seems probable, however, that the pared specifically with European or American species. subsurface Jurassic contains a greater variety of am- Three ammonites are identified specifically with am- monites than the outcrops, judging by the few cores monites occurring in southwestern Alaska. Four that have been obtained. Most of the ammonite genera species of Awella are identified with species that are present in Alaskan Jurassic rocks are fairly common common in Boreal Jurassic strata. Not a single species elsewhere in Boreal Jurassic strata and in northwest is described as new. Partly, this reflects the wretched Europe, but the presence of PhyZbceras, Lytoceras, and preservation of the fossils. It is probable, however, Reineckeia north of the Arctic Circle in Jurassic de- that better preservation would allow positive identifi- posits is unique (Spath, 1932, p. 149, 151). This is cations of a number of species with named species probably the first record of Lytoceras and Reineckeia elsewhere in North America, in the Boreal region, or from Jurassic rocks bordering the Arctic Ocean. The in northwest Europe. record of a Reineckeia is particularly interesting, be- cause this genus has been considered as a characteristic I TABLE1.-Relative abundance of specimens of Jurassic molluscan element of Mediterranean faunas. genera in northern Alaska STRATIGRAPHIC SUMMARY Genera $sC $:;in KimmeridgianOxfordim and rocks rocks ~~alviaisnrocks rocks Detailed descriptions of the distribution, thicknesses, ---- lithologio features, and subdivisions of lthe Jurassic Grammatodon- - - - - - - 2 -------------_-.------------strata exposed in northern Alaska are being prepared Plicatula-- - - - - - - - - - 40 ............................ by geologists of the Alaskan Branch for publication by Camptonectes - - - - - - - 1 1 .................... the Geological Survey. Completion of such detailed Velopecten? - -- - - - - - - 4 ............................ descriptions is essential before accurate generalized de- Gma--------,----------------------------- 6 scriptions of the formations can be made or before &yphaea ---- - - - - - - - 9 ----------- ---------------- Oxytoma- - - - - - - - - - - 14 10 .................... well-substantiated inlterpretations of the origin and re- Aucella------------------------------------ 338 gional
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Felix Gradstein, Lames Ogg and Alan Smith 18 the Jurassic Period J
    Felix Gradstein, lames ogg and Alan smith 18 The Jurassic Period J. G. OGG iographic distribution of Jurassic GSSPs that have been ratified (ye Table 18.1 for more extensive listing). GSSPs for the honds) or are candidates (squares) on a mid-Jurassic map base-Jurassic, Late Jurassic stages, and some Middle Jurassic stages PNS in January 2004; see Table 2.3). Overlaps in Europe have are undefined. The projection center is at 30" E to place the center kured some GSSPs, and not all candidate sections are indicated of the continents in the center of the map. basaurs dominated theland surface. Ammonites are themain fossils neously considered his unit to he older. Alexander Brongniart rmrrelatingmarine deposits. Pangea supercontinent began to break (1829) coined the term "Terrains Jurassiques" when correlat- h md at the end of the Middle Jurassic the Central Atlantic was ing the "Jura Kalkstein" to the Lower Oolite Series (now as- m. Organic-rich sediments in several locations eventually became signed to Middle Jurassic) of the British succession. Leopold t source rocks helping to fuel modern civilization. von Buch (1839) established a three-fold subdivision for the Jurassic. The basic framework of von Buch has been retained as the three Jurassic series, although the nomenclature has var- 8.1 HISTORY AND SUBDIVISIONS ied (Black-Brown-White, Lias-Dogger-Malm, and currently L1.1 Overview of the Jurassic Lower-Middle-Upper). The immense wealth of fossils, particularly ammonites, in hc term "Jura Kalkstein" was applied by Alexander von the Jurassic strata of Britain, France, German5 and Switzer- bmholdt (1799) to a series ofcarhonate shelfdeposits exposed land was a magnet for innovative geologists, and modern con- the mountainous Jura region of northernmost Switzerland, cepts of hiostratigraphy, chronostratigraphy, correlation, and d he first recognized that these strata were distinct from paleogeography grew out of their studies.
    [Show full text]
  • Or Early Callovian) Ammonites from Alaska and Montana
    Jurassic (Bathonian or Early Callovian) Ammonites From Alaska and Montana By RALPH W. IMLAY SHORTER CONTRIBUTIONS TO GENERAL GEOLOGY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 374-C Descr$tions and illustrations of ctphalopods of possible late Middle Jurasric (Bathonian) age UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1962 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR STEWART L. UDALL, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Thomas B. Nolan, Director For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington 25, D.C. CONTENTS Page Page C- 1 Age of the faunas-Continued C- 1 Callovian versus Bathonian in Greenland- - - - _ - - _ - - C-2 Callovian versus Bathonian in Alaska and Montana- -- - Stratigraphic summary- __ --______ _ - - - -- - ---.- -- -.- - - C-2 Paleogeographic considerations- - -_-- -- ---- ---- Cook Inlet region, Alaska -______--------.-.--..--c-2 Summation of the evidence- - - _._ _ - _ _ - - - - - - - - - - - - Iniskin Peninsula-_-_______----.--------~.--C-2 Comparisons with other faunas---------___----------- Peninsula north of Chinitna Bay----- __._ _ _._ - C-3 \Vestern interior of Canada- - - -- -- -____------- --- Talkeetna Mountains ----___-_ - - -- ---- - - -- - -- C-3 Arctic region-_-_---___-_----------------------- Western Montana- - -----__-----------------.---C-5 other regions--__-__-____----------------------- Rocky Mountain front north of the Sun River- (2-5 Geographic distribution ___-___ --- - ---------- ------ -- - Drummond area--- ---_____ _--- -- -.-- ---- -- - C-10 Summary of results- --_-____-_----_---_-_----------- Age ofthe faunas-----------_----------------------- GI0 Systematic descriptions--_ _ _ - _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Evidence from Alaska---____________--------------C-10 Literature cited _-_-_---______----------------------- Evidence from Montana --_-_____ --- - - -- .--- --- - - C-12 Index---__--___-_-_------------------------------- ILLUSTRATIONS [Plates 1-3 follow index] PLATE 1. Holcophylloceras, Oecotraustes (Paroecotraustes) ?, and Arctocephalites (Cranocephalites). 2.
    [Show full text]
  • Stratigraphy and Paleontology of Mid-Cretaceous Rocks in Minnesota and Contiguous Areas
    Stratigraphy and Paleontology of Mid-Cretaceous Rocks in Minnesota and Contiguous Areas GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 1253 Stratigraphy and Paleontology of Mid-Cretaceous Rocks in Minnesota and Contiguous Areas By WILLIAM A. COBBAN and E. A. MEREWETHER Molluscan Fossil Record from the Northeastern Part of the Upper Cretaceous Seaway, Western Interior By WILLIAM A. COBBAN Lower Upper Cretaceous Strata in Minnesota and Adjacent Areas-Time-Stratigraphic Correlations. and Structural Attitudes By E. A. M EREWETHER GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 1 2 53 UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON 1983 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR JAMES G. WATT, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Dallas L. Peck, Director Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Cobban, William Aubrey, 1916 Stratigraphy and paleontology of mid-Cretaceous rocks in Minnesota and contiguous areas. (Geological Survey Professional Paper 1253) Bibliography: 52 p. Supt. of Docs. no.: I 19.16 A. Molluscan fossil record from the northeastern part of the Upper Cretaceous seaway, Western Interior by William A. Cobban. B. Lower Upper Cretaceous strata in Minnesota and adjacent areas-time-stratigraphic correlations and structural attitudes by E. A. Merewether. I. Mollusks, Fossil-Middle West. 2. Geology, Stratigraphic-Cretaceous. 3. Geology-Middle West. 4. Paleontology-Cretaceous. 5. Paleontology-Middle West. I. Merewether, E. A. (Edward Allen), 1930. II. Title. III. Series. QE687.C6 551.7'7'09776 81--607803 AACR2 For sale by the Distribution Branch, U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Post-Carboniferous Stratigraphy, Northeastern Alaska by R
    Post-Carboniferous Stratigraphy, Northeastern Alaska By R. L. DETTERMAN, H. N. REISER, W. P. BROSGE,and]. T. DUTRO,JR. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 886 Sedirnentary rocks of Permian to Quaternary age are named, described, and correlated with standard stratigraphic sequences UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON 1975 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR ROGERS C. B. MORTON, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY V. E. McKelvey, Director Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Detterman, Robert L. Post-Carboniferous stratigraphy, northeastern Alaska. (Geological Survey Professional Paper 886) Bibliography: p. 45-46. Supt. of Docs. No.: I 19.16:886 1. Geology-Alaska. I. Detterman, Robert L. II. Series: United States. Geological Survey. Professional Paper 886. QE84.N74P67 551.7'6'09798 74-28084 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 Stock Number 024-001-02687-2 CONTENTS Page Page Abstract __ _ _ _ _ __ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ __ _ _ __ __ __ _ _ _ _ __ 1 Stratigraphy__:_Continued Introduction __________ ----------____ ----------------____ __ 1 Kingak Shale ---------------------------------------- 18 Purpose and scope ----------------------~------------- 1 Ignek Formation (abandoned) -------------------------- 20 Geographic setting ------------------------------------ 1 Okpikruak Formation (geographically restricted) ________ 21 Previous work and acknowledgments ------------------ 1 Kongakut Formation ----------------------------------
    [Show full text]
  • The Middle Jurassic of Western and Northern Europe: Its Subdivisions, Geochronology and Correlations
    The Middle Jurassic of western and northern Europe: its subdivisions, geochronology and correlations John H. Callomon The palaeogeographic settings of Denmark and East Greenland during the Middle Jurassic are outlined. They lay in the widespread epicontinental seas that covered much of Europe in the post-Triassic transgression. It was a period of continuing eustatic sea-level rise, with only distant connections to world oceans: to the Pacific, via the narrow Viking Straits between Greenland and Norway and hence the arctic Boreal Sea to the north; and to the subtropical Tethys, via some 1200 km of shelf-seas to the south. The sedimentary history of the region was strongly influenced by two factors: tectonism and climate. Two modes of tectonic movement governed basinal evolution: crustal extension lead- ing to subsidence through rifting, such as in the Viking and Central Grabens of the North Sea; and subcrustal thermal upwelling, leading to domal uplift and the partition of marine basins through emergent physical barriers, as exemplified by the Central North Sea Dome with its associated volcanics. The climatic gradient across the 30º of temperate latitude spanned by the European seas governed biotic diversity and biogeography, finding expression in rock-forming biogenic carbonates that dominate sediments in the south and give way to largely siliciclastic sediments in the north. Geochronology of unrivalled finesse is provided by standard chronostratigraphy based on the biostratigraphy of ammonites. The Middle Jurassic saw the onset of considerable bioprovincial endemisms in these guide-fossils, making it necessary to construct parallel standard zonations for Boreal, Subboreal or NW European and Submediterranean Provinces, of which the NW European zonation provides the primary international standard.
    [Show full text]
  • A Trip to Alaska's Brooks Range Is the Trip of a Lifetime. You’Ll See Herds of Caribou Migrating Like They Have for Thousands of Years
    Hunt ID: AK-GBearMooseCaribou-Rifle-Kotzebue-AKO-Wayne A trip to Alaska's Brooks Range is the trip of a lifetime. You’ll see herds of caribou migrating like they have for thousands of years. If you feel comfortable you can take an outfitted semi-guided Caribou Hunt for the largest member of the caribou family, the barren ground caribou. Grizzly bear are often seen splashing after salmon in the river or foraging for berries on the tundra. Moose and other wildlife, including black bears, wolverine, and wolves are seen not far from camp often. He has been hunting in this area for over 40 years and guiding for over 20 years. His son’s adult sons assist with running the camp and guiding. They have both grown up hunting in the area and pride themselves with providing you a hunt of a life time. The enormous size of the big game animals has much to do with their location so far north they must have hung bulk to withstand the long cold winter. The camp is located above the Arctic Circle, in the Squirrel River Valley of the western Brooks Range. Clients fly into the Inupiaq village of Kotzebue where they board small bush planes for the 80 mile trip to the hunting area. Base camps consist of comfortable free standing Hansen Weatherport tents with cots and heaters, including a shower tent. The main tent is a cooking area and gathering point for discussing the days hunt. Cooking is provided by the staff using a modern 4 burner gas stove with oven.
    [Show full text]
  • Constraints on the Timescale of Animal Evolutionary History
    Palaeontologia Electronica palaeo-electronica.org Constraints on the timescale of animal evolutionary history Michael J. Benton, Philip C.J. Donoghue, Robert J. Asher, Matt Friedman, Thomas J. Near, and Jakob Vinther ABSTRACT Dating the tree of life is a core endeavor in evolutionary biology. Rates of evolution are fundamental to nearly every evolutionary model and process. Rates need dates. There is much debate on the most appropriate and reasonable ways in which to date the tree of life, and recent work has highlighted some confusions and complexities that can be avoided. Whether phylogenetic trees are dated after they have been estab- lished, or as part of the process of tree finding, practitioners need to know which cali- brations to use. We emphasize the importance of identifying crown (not stem) fossils, levels of confidence in their attribution to the crown, current chronostratigraphic preci- sion, the primacy of the host geological formation and asymmetric confidence intervals. Here we present calibrations for 88 key nodes across the phylogeny of animals, rang- ing from the root of Metazoa to the last common ancestor of Homo sapiens. Close attention to detail is constantly required: for example, the classic bird-mammal date (base of crown Amniota) has often been given as 310-315 Ma; the 2014 international time scale indicates a minimum age of 318 Ma. Michael J. Benton. School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1RJ, U.K. [email protected] Philip C.J. Donoghue. School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1RJ, U.K. [email protected] Robert J.
    [Show full text]
  • Ichthyosauria, Parvipelvia) from the Lower Jurassic of the Atacama Desert, Northern Chile T
    Journal of South American Earth Sciences 98 (2020) 102459 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of South American Earth Sciences journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jsames First temnodontosaurid (Ichthyosauria, Parvipelvia) from the Lower Jurassic of the Atacama Desert, northern Chile T ∗ Rodrigo A. Oteroa,b,c, , Patricio Sepúlvedad a Red Paleontológica U-Chile, Laboratorio de Ontogenia y Filogenia, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Av. Las Palmeras, 3425, Santiago, Chile b Consultora Paleosuchus Ltda, Huelén 165 Oficina C, Providencia, Santiago, Chile c Museo de Historia Natural y Cultural del Desierto de Atacama, Parque El Loa S/n, Calama, Chile d GeoBlast S.A, Antonio Bellet 444, Oficina 120, Providencia, Santiago, Chile ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: We describe fragmentary ichthyosaur skull remains of a single individual recovered from Lower Jurassic marine Ichthyosauria strata in northern Chile. The preserved teeth display distinctive features such as a very long, robust and coarsely Lower jurassic infolded roots; as well as low, labio-lingually compressed, large triangular crowns with carinae. Dental features south Pangea are consistent with those of the genus Temnodontosaurus, previously known in the Lower Jurassic of Europe. This Paleobiogeography find represent the first record of a temnodontosaurid ichthyosaur in the southern hemisphere, reinforcing a pattern of faunal interchange between the northern Tethys and southern Panthalassa, prior to the separation of Palabras clave: Laurasia and Gondwana, and before the full establishment of the Caribbean Seway. Ichthyosauria Jurásico Inferior Pangea sur RESUMEN Paleobiogeografía Describimos restos craneales fragmentarios de ictiosaurio pertenecientes a un único individuo, recuperado desde estratos marinos del Jurásico Inferior del norte de Chile.
    [Show full text]
  • New Late Carboniferous Heritschioidinae (Rugosa) from the Kuiu Island Area and Brooks Range, Alaska
    Geologica Acta, Vol.12, Nº 1, March 2014, 29-52 DOI: 10.1344/105.000002074 New Late Carboniferous Heritschioidinae (Rugosa) from the Kuiu Island area and Brooks Range, Alaska J. FEDOROWSKI1 C.H. STEVENS2 E. KATVALA3 1Institute of Geology, Adam Mickiewicz University Makow Polnych 16, PL-61-606, Poznan, Poland. E-mail: [email protected] 2Department of Geology, San Jose Unversity San Jose, California 95192, USA. E-mail: [email protected] 3Department of Geology, University of Calgary Calgary, Canada. E-mail: [email protected] ABS TRACT Three new species of the genus Heritschioides, i.e., H. alaskensis sp. nov., H. kuiuensis sp. nov., and H. splendidus sp. nov., and Kekuphyllum sandoense gen. et sp. nov. from the northeastern Kuiu Island area and nearby islets, part of Alexander terrane in southeastern Alaska, and Heritschioides separatus sp. nov. from the Brooks Range, Alaska, are described and illustrated. The three new fasciculate colonial coral species from the Kuiu Island area, collected from the Moscovian Saginaw Bay Formation, are phylogenetically related to those of probable Bashkirian age in the Brooks Range in northern Alaska as shown by the presence of morphologically similar species of Heritschioides. These corals from both areas also are related to one species in the Quesnel terrane in western Canada. Kekuphyllum sandoense from the Saginaw Bay Formation of the Kuiu Island area is the only cerioid-aphroid species within the Subfamily Heritschioidinae described so far. The complete early ontogeny of a protocorallite is for the first time described here on a basis of H. kuiuensis sp. nov. and compared to the hystero-ontogeny in order to show similarities and differences in those processes.
    [Show full text]
  • Early Ontogeny of Jurassic Bakevelliids and Their Bearing on Bivalve Evolution
    Early ontogeny of Jurassic bakevelliids and their bearing on bivalve evolution NIKOLAUS MALCHUS Malchus, N. 2004. Early ontogeny of Jurassic bakevelliids and their bearing on bivalve evolution. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 49 (1): 85–110. Larval and earliest postlarval shells of Jurassic Bakevelliidae are described for the first time and some complementary data are given concerning larval shells of oysters and pinnids. Two new larval shell characters, a posterodorsal outlet and shell septum are described. The outlet is homologous to the posterodorsal notch of oysters and posterodorsal ridge of arcoids. It probably reflects the presence of the soft anatomical character post−anal tuft, which, among Pteriomorphia, was only known from oysters. A shell septum was so far only known from Cassianellidae, Lithiotidae, and the bakevelliid Kobayashites. A review of early ontogenetic shell characters strongly suggests a basal dichotomy within the Pterio− morphia separating taxa with opisthogyrate larval shells, such as most (or all?) Praecardioida, Pinnoida, Pterioida (Bakevelliidae, Cassianellidae, all living Pterioidea), and Ostreoida from all other groups. The Pinnidae appear to be closely related to the Pterioida, and the Bakevelliidae belong to the stem line of the Cassianellidae, Lithiotidae, Pterioidea, and Ostreoidea. The latter two superfamilies comprise a well constrained clade. These interpretations are con− sistent with recent phylogenetic hypotheses based on palaeontological and genetic (18S and 28S mtDNA) data. A more detailed phylogeny is hampered by the fact that many larval shell characters are rather ancient plesiomorphies. Key words: Bivalvia, Pteriomorphia, Bakevelliidae, larval shell, ontogeny, phylogeny. Nikolaus Malchus [[email protected]], Departamento de Geologia/Unitat Paleontologia, Universitat Autòno− ma Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain.
    [Show full text]
  • Geological Survey Canada
    BULLETIN 119 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA DEPARTMENT OF MINES AND TECHNICAL SURVEYS THE JURASSIC FAUNAS OF THE CANADIAN ARCTIC CADOCERATINAE Hans Frebold Price $2.50 1964 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA BULLE TIN 119 THE JURASSIC FAUNAS OF THE CANADIAN ARCTIC CADOCERATINAE By Hans Frebold DEPARTMENT OF MINES AND TECHNICAL SURVEYS CANADA © Crown Copyrights reserved Available by mail from the Queen's Printer, Ottawa, from Geological Survey of Canada, 601 Booth St., Ottawa, and at the following Canadian Government bookshops: OTTAWA Daly Building, corner Mackenzie and Rideau TORONTO Mackenzie Building, 36 Adelaide St. East MONTREAL JEterna-Vie Building, 1182 St. Catherine St. West or through your bookseller A deposit copy of this publication is also available for reference in public libraries across Canada Price $2.50 Catalogue No. 42-119 Price subject to change without notice ROGER DUHAMEL, F.R.S.C. Queen's Printer and Controller of Stationery Ottawa, Canada 1964 PREFACE This report is based on fossil collections made over a vast area of the Canadian Arctic extending from Axel Heiberg Island in the north to the Aklavik region of the mainland and is a further contribution by the author on the Jurassic faunas of the Canadian Arctic. Detailed study of these ammonite faunas permits correlation of the associated Jurassic rocks and shows their faunal and stratigraphic relation­ ships with Alaska, East Greenland, and the Arctic areas of Europe and Asia. J. M. HARRISON, Director, Geological Survey of Canada OTTAWA, December 2, 1963 BULLETIN 119 — Die Jurafaunen der kanadischen Acktis CADOCERATINAE. Von Hans Frebold BiojiJieTeHt, 119 — r. <3>pe6ojib,,zT.
    [Show full text]
  • Letter to the Editor
    GeoArabia, Vol. 10, No. 3, 2005 Gulf PetroLink, Bahrain LETTER TO THE EDITOR from Ghaida Al-Sahlan ([email protected]), Kuwait Oil Company, Ahmadi, Kuwait n the recent GeoArabia, Haq and Al-Qahtani (2005) updated the chronostratigraphic Arabian Plate Iframework of Sharland et al. (2001). These studies cite the paper by Yousif and Nouman (1997) to represent the Jurassic type section of Kuwait. Yousif and Nouman published the composite log for the Minagish-27 well (see Figure on page 194) and depicted the Jurassic formations and stages, side-by- side, but only in a generalized manner. In order to refine the ages for this section, I would like to share some preliminary unpublished biostratigraphic and Sr isotope data (see Table and Notes) from analyses by Varol Research (1997 unpublished report), ExxonMobil (1998 unpublished report) and Fugro-Robertson (2004 unpublished report). To convert Sr ages (Ma) to biostages, or biostages to ages, I have used the Geological Time Scale (GTS) 2004 (Gradstein et al., 2004). I thank G.W. Hughes, A. Lomando, M. Miller and O. Varol for their comments. Unit or Boundary Age and Stage Gradstein et al. (2004) Makhul (Offshore) Tithonian-Berriasian (Bio) Base Makhul (N. Kuwait) No younger than Tithonian (Bio) greater than 145.5 + 4.0 Top Hith (W. Kuwait) 150.0 (Sr) = c. Tithonian/Kimmeridgian ? 150.8 + 4.0 Upper Najmah (S. Kuwait) 155.0 (Sr) = c. Kimmeridgian/Oxfordian 155.7 + 4.0 Najmah (N. Kuwait) No older than Oxfordian (Bio) less than 161.2 + 4.0 Lower Najmah Shale (N. Kuwait) middle and late Bathonian (Bio) 166.7 to 164.7 + 4.0 Top Sargelu (S.
    [Show full text]