A Study of Reversing Valve Performance in Split Type Air Conditioner

Home , Reversing valve

International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology (IJMET) Volume 9, Issue 1, January 2018, pp. 415–422, Article ID: IJMET_09_01_045 Available online at http://iaeme.com/Home/issue/IJMET?Volume=9&Issue=1 ISSN Print: 0976-6340 and ISSN Online: 0976-6359

A STUDY OF REVERSING VALVE PERFORMANCE IN SPLIT TYPE AIR CONDITIONER

G.Saravanan Research scholar, Vinayaka Missions Research Foundation, Salem, Tamilnadu, India

KG.Muthurajan Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, VMKV Engineering College, Vinayaka Missions University Salem, Tamil Nadu, India

G.Murali Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India

M.Arunkumar Assiatant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jayalakshmi Institute of Technology, Thoppur, Dharmapuri Dt, Tamilnadu, India

ABSTRACT This paper studies an experimental performance study of room air conditioner had a rated capacity of 3.51 kW by using the reversing valve. An under split type air conditioning for heating domestic water in many private homes. The recovered energy, and the performance was replaced electricity completely for heating domestic water use because of increasing the Energy recovery. An extra charge of refrigerant in the air-conditioner could prevent its compressor from overheating during energy recovery. This experiment was conducted on varies storage tank with the capacity of the range from 22.5 liters to 120 liters. The result shows that the water temperature increased from45ºC to 55ºC. It was found that the water temperature reached 55ºC in 100 minutes from the initial water temperature of 27ºC in the 22.5 liters storage tank. In 120 liters water storage tank, the temperature increased up to 60ºC from 25ºC in 220 minutes. Keywords: Air-Conditioning, Heat Recovery, Water Heating, Energy recovery, reversing valve. Cite this Article: G.Saravanan, KG.Muthurajan, G.Murali and M.Arunkumar, A Study of Reversing Valve Performance in Split Type Air Conditioner, International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology 9(1), 2018. pp. 415–422. http://iaeme.com/Home/issue/IJMET?Volume=9&Issue=1

http://iaeme.com/Home/journal/IJMET 415 [email protected] G.Saravanan, KG.Muthurajan, G.Murali and M.Arunkumar

1. INTRODUCTION: By using the wastes heat from an air conditioner, domestic hot water can be produced in many countries. Unless the heat is recovered by using a heat exchanger, the heat rejected in the condenser is waste in the places with a year round air conditioning requirement so energy conservation and to be economically viable this can contributed. For heating water the use of a desuperheater deserves more attention in the ASEAN countries then in places where there is winter, but rather uses the energy instead of heating ,a desuperheater does not recover waste heat in winter in comfort air conditioner and industrial application ,heating and cooling systems are widely used, normally however ,In the total energy consumption ,the share of energy for heating and cooling purposes increases mechanical hat pump systems become convention devices for heating and cooling purposes, due to the economic benefits resulting from high co efficient of performance (oop)values [1],[2]. At a lower temperature to the heat sink at a higher temperature by means of mechanical work or a higher temperature heat source ,heat pump is on apparatus or machine heat moves it from the heat source [3].To provide heating or cooling ,the difference between a conventional air conditioner and a heat pump is that a heat pump can be used however for working ,The some basic refrigeration cycle is still used by heat pump by using a reversing valve ,which coil is the condenser and which the evaporator ,It can be easier to say that heat pump can change . Heat pumps that are designed only to provide heating, is required commonly in cooling condition. To save energy and improve overall energy efficiency. The energy continuous to rise and it becomes an imperative nowadays. To recover every possible sources of waste heat and convert this energy useful output is a key ide for improving the energy efficiency of many industries [4]. To increase the heat pump performance, many efforts tried moreover. By using the waste heat that released from condenser of the air conditioner to investigate the hot water making potential. This study is aimed. The advantages of this system are as follows: 1. To produce hot water due to use of the waste heat save energy. 2. without electric short circuit. 3. To produce hot water fast. 4. Reduction of greenhouse gases. 5. summarizing some recent researchers focused on this area are as follows. By using of the waste heat that released from the air conditioner, the warm water making from air conditioning system is studied by Roonguti etal [6]. To active both of the condensers. Which are automatically controlled, a pressure switch was to activate. The highest temperature of the water in the reservoir is 49ºC. This is indicated by their result. Using waste heat released from a common air conditioner system, the prototype of hot water making machine is designed and constructed by Saisanit etal[7]. There are two type of hot water system in their study. Such as namely. “Submerged coil” and flow through”. To control the flow direction of the refrigerant, solenoid valves were used .In this study ,the conditioner with cooling capacity of 3.51kw and working with R 22 was used .The hot water working machine with submerged coil type is more appropriate to use than the now. Through the type is indicated by the result[8]. To investigate the potential of hotwater working by using a conventional air conditioner as an air –water heat pump and then to compare the cop of the system between conventional air conditioner cycle and heat pump cycle are the purposes of this study as mentioned before .For making of 120 L hot water, The energy saving potential is also presented[9].

http://iaeme.com/Home/journal/IJMET 416 [email protected] A Study of Reversing Valve Performance in Split Type Air Conditioner

However, characterize of a solar photovoltaic loop heat –pipe heat pump water heating system is interested by them. For residential heating, The performance analysis of hybrid solar – geothermal CO2 heat pump system tested by wonsoak Rim [10]. For household space conditioning ,water heating and food refrigeration ,Pradeep bansal etal as of note –in-kind refrigeration technologies on the performance of a solar –biomass hybrid air conditioning System ,a study of the experimental study is investigated by Boonrit prasatkasw[11].The performance analysis of a solar hybrid air conditioner with waste heat recovery and using evaluated tube collector, is studied by Anjali potential use of heat energy wasted in the condenser central for water heating to save energy is studied[12]. In this study, the bourdon pressure gases were calibrated using standard precision glass thermometer in a controlled temperature measuring temperature devices are well calibrate ,similarly. After considering the data acquisition, the uncertainty of all temperature measurement is 0.10 . under the steady state operating condition, power consumption at the compressor were recorded during the test on pressure and temperature at the inlet and exit of evaporator and condensers.

2. EXPERIMENTAL SETUP

Figure 1 photographic view of Experimental set up

Figure 2 Schematic line diagram of experimental setup The experimental campaign was carried out in a large-scale climate control psychometric chamber. The Psychometric facility is shown in Figure 1 and it consisted of two adjacent air conditioned rooms were that were over a wide range of conditions with and without a live load in it: one room artificially created the outdoor climate conditions while the other room was employed to stimulate the indoor environments and replicated indoor comfort conditions with the thermal loads up to 20 tons of refrigeration. The facility was fairly large with respect to equipment tested in order maintain uniform temperatures and humidity around the equipment and to minimize thermal and fluid dynamic interferences between the air streams to / from the unit with the walls and ceiling of the rooms. Figure 2 shows the layout of the

http://iaeme.com/Home/journal/IJMET 417 [email protected] G.Saravanan, KG.Muthurajan, G.Murali and M.Arunkumar heat pump ducted inside the psychometric facility during the laboratory measurements. Ambient room can create the Temperature from 20ºC to 50 ºC centigrade. Conditioning room connected with Ducts and two sets dry and wet bulb probes were installed. The Low pressure transducer is installed in suction pipe of Compressor and High pressure transducer installed at delivery pipe of compressor.

3. ENERGY CONSIDERATIONS: Coefficient of performance (COP) COP = Energy output (heating) Energy input Or Heating capacity in Btu/hour Energy input in watts×3.413 Btu/watt−hour  Where energy output and energy input refer to the heat pump unit only.  The higher its COP value, the more efficient the unit.  As outdoor temperatures decrease, COP values also decrease (during heating cycle), due to the extra work involved to absorb the same amount of heat from a cooler heat source Energy efficiency ratio (EER) EER = Energy output in Btu/hour Energy input in watts Or Cooling capacity in Btu/hour Energy input in watts Very similar to COP, except that EER is a measure of cooling capacity.  Higher EER values indicate greater efficiencies.  Cooling COP can be calculated by dividing EER by 3.413 Btu/watt-hour Note: water-source heat pump COP and EER do not include all fan or pump energy, but rather only that portion to overcome internal resistance of heat pump. Heating seasonal performance factor (HSPF) HSPF= Total heat provided during season in Btu Total energy used by system in watt - hours A measure of efficiency over an entire heating season. This takes into account the energy losses from cycling, frost build-up, and also the supplemental resistant heating used during defrost. Seasonal energy efficiency ratio (SEER) SEER = Total cooling provided during season in Btu Total energy used by system in watt - hours

http://iaeme.com/Home/journal/IJMET 418 [email protected] A Study of Reversing Valve Performance in Split Type Air Conditioner

4. RESULT AND DISCUSSIONS The results obtained in the heat recovery from air - conditioning for water heating test are presented here. Figure. 3 shows that the water temperature in the tank and outlet air temperature Vs various capacity of the tank with respect to the time. The capacity of water storage tank is 22,5 liters, and was located next to the air-conditioner.

Figure 3 Heating of different volumes of water Vs Time The System was tested in a 27.5 ºC room. At the time of test, there is no hot water was consumed, and the water temperature in the storage tank increased from 27ºC to 70 ºC in 240 minutes. For the capacity of storage 45 liters, the water temperature in the storage tank increased from 27 ºC to 53 ºC in 240 minutes. It was found that, when the water storage tank had a capacity of 180 liters, the water temperature reached 26 ºC in 240 minutes. The energy\ recovered was equivalent to 43, 7 % of the energy used by the room air conditioner. Results also indicate that the temperature air outlet decreased when the water heating system is introduced than in the case when it functions normal.

Figure 4 Cooling Capacity, Power Consumption and Rate of Heat Recovery versus Time Figure 4 shows the cooling capacity, power consumption and energy recovery versus time. It can be seen in regard to the air-conditioner’s performance, cooling capacity no changes. The initial energy consumption slightly increased, but afterwards the decrease in energy consumption by compressor. The energy recovery changes were found to be minimal.

http://iaeme.com/Home/journal/IJMET 419 [email protected] G.Saravanan, KG.Muthurajan, G.Murali and M.Arunkumar

Figure 5 Variation Temperature Vs Time Figure 5 shows that the Temperature of Compressor outlet increases to 80 ºC in 30 minute. While storage temperature 65 ºC in 240 minute

Figure 6 Rate of heat recovery Vs Energy rate Cooling Capacity, Power Consumption and Coefficient of Performance, COP Figure 6 shows that the power consumption of the air- conditioner was slightly increased with increasing energy recovery, while the cooling capacity to be constant. The coefficient of performance increased with energy recovery.

Figure 7 Heating Water Temperature and Time Figure 7 shows that the water temperature varies on capacity of the storage in 120 mins

http://iaeme.com/Home/journal/IJMET 420 [email protected] A Study of Reversing Valve Performance in Split Type Air Conditioner

Figure 8 Time Vs WT,H,V,A Figure 8 shows the water temperature, humidity, voltage, and ampere. Voltage and ampere to be constant, room temperature and humidity decreased and water temperature increase.

5. CONCLUSIONS Significantly the energy can be recovered from the unnecessary waste of energy from traditional air-conditioner system with reversing valve. Virtually the energy was recovered from the rejected heat on cooling cycle as well as Energy received from the air-conditioning. The reverse valve heat recovery equipment appears to be in those installations where requirements for heating and cooling are paralleled by requirements for substantial amounts of hot water. Restaurants, dormitory, hotels, motels, apartment houses, hospitals, nursing homes and residences are examples of such cases.

REFERENCES

[1] Ulku, S(1986)., Adsorption heat pumps. Heat Recovery System, 277-284. [2] Ulku, S(1987)., Solar adsorption heat pumps, solar energy utilization: Fundamentals and applications. The Netherlands: Martinus Nijkoff Publishers. [3] Systems and Equipment volume of the ASHRAE Handbook(2004), ASHRAE, Inc., Atlanta, GA. [4] Chua, K.J., Chou, S.K. and Yang, W.M(2010)., Advances In heat pump system: A review, Applied Energy, vol. 87 3611-3624. [5] Roongutai, P., Sangsuwan, S., Channaen, S. and Lakchan, A(1999)., Warm water simulator from air- Conditioning system, A senior project in power Technology department, King Mongkut’s University of Technology. [6] Saisanit, P., PattanaIm, N., Hachanont, P., and Chanpueng, W(2008)., Hot shower from air conditioning Unit, Research report at Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi. [7] Saisanit, P., PattanaIm, N., Hachanont, P., and Chanpueng, W(2008)., Hot shower from air Conditioning Unit, Research report at Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi.

http://iaeme.com/Home/journal/IJMET 421 [email protected] G.Saravanan, KG.Muthurajan, G.Murali and M.Arunkumar

[8] Zhang.X., Zhao.X .,Xu.J., and Yu.X(2013), Characterization On of a solar photovoltaic/loop-heat- pipe heat Pump water heating system, Applied Energy 102, pp.1229– 1245. [9] Kim.W, Choi.J, and Cho.H(2013), Performance analysis of hybrid solar-geothermal CO2 heat pump System for residential heating, Renewable Energy 50, 596-604. [10] Bansal.P, Vineyard.E, and Abdelaziz.O(2012), Status Off not-in-kind refrigeration technologies for household space conditioning, water heating and food refrigeration, International Journal of Sustainable Built Environment 1, 85–101. [11] Prasartkaewa.B, S. Kumar b(2013). Experimental study on the performance of a solar- biomass hybrid Air-conditioning system, Renewable Energy 57, 86-93. [12] S. Nithya, Lalitha Shree, Kiruthika and Krishnaveni(2017), Solar Based Smart Garbage Monitoring System Using IOT, International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering and Technology, 8(2), 75–80. [13] Aruna. S. Ningade and Rudranna Nandihalli(2014), Wide Input Range Regulated Boost Converter For Solar Based Drive Applications, International Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology (IJEET) Volume 5, Issue 8,191-198. [14] Anjali., D. Buddhi., Nitish Kumar, and Hari Kumar Singh(2016), Performance Analysis of a Solar Hybrid Air Conditioner with Waste Heat Recovery and Re-Use Using Evacuated Tube Collector, International Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology, Volume 4 Issue2,2395-4752. [15] Azridjal Aziz, A., Harianto,J., Mainil,AK(2015), studied the potential use of heat energy wasted in condenser ac central fo water heating to save energy, Jurnal Mekanikal, Vol. 6 No. 2,69-576.

http://iaeme.com/Home/journal/IJMET 422 [email protected]