L'italia Dei Rosselli
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Chapter One: Introduction
CHANGING PERCEPTIONS OF IL DUCE TRACING POLITICAL TRENDS IN THE ITALIAN-AMERICAN MEDIA DURING THE EARLY YEARS OF FASCISM by Ryan J. Antonucci Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts in the History Program YOUNGSTOWN STATE UNIVERSITY August, 2013 Changing Perceptions of il Duce Tracing Political Trends in the Italian-American Media during the Early Years of Fascism Ryan J. Antonucci I hereby release this thesis to the public. I understand that this thesis will be made available from the OhioLINK ETD Center and the Maag Library Circulation Desk for public access. I also authorize the University or other individuals to make copies of this thesis as needed for scholarly research. Signature: Ryan J. Antonucci, Student Date Approvals: Dr. David Simonelli, Thesis Advisor Date Dr. Brian Bonhomme, Committee Member Date Dr. Martha Pallante, Committee Member Date Dr. Carla Simonini, Committee Member Date Dr. Salvatore A. Sanders, Associate Dean of Graduate Studies Date Ryan J. Antonucci © 2013 iii ABSTRACT Scholars of Italian-American history have traditionally asserted that the ethnic community’s media during the 1920s and 1930s was pro-Fascist leaning. This thesis challenges that narrative by proving that moderate, and often ambivalent, opinions existed at one time, and the shift to a philo-Fascist position was an active process. Using a survey of six Italian-language sources from diverse cities during the inauguration of Benito Mussolini’s regime, research shows that interpretations varied significantly. One of the newspapers, Il Cittadino Italo-Americano (Youngstown, Ohio) is then used as a case study to better understand why events in Italy were interpreted in certain ways. -
The Corporatism of Fascist Italy Between Words and Reality
CORPORATIVISMO HISTÓRICO NO BRASIL E NA EUROPA http://dx.doi.org/10.15448/1980-864X.2016.2.22336 The corporatism of Fascist Italy between words and reality O corporativismo da Itália fascista entre palavras e realidade El corporativismo de la Italia fascista entre las palabras y la realidad Alessio Gagliardi* Translated by Sergio Knipe Abstract: It is common knowledge that State intervention in Italy in the Twenties and the Thirties developed outside of corporative institutions. The history of Fascist corporatism, however, is not only an unsuccessful story. Despite the failure of the “corporatist revolution” and “Fascist third way”, Fascist corporatism since the mid- Twenties helped the progressive development of a new political system to regulate relationship between State and private interests. The paper examines not only the institutional framework (the systems of formal laws, regulations, and procedures, and informal norms) but also their acts and real activities. It dwells upon internal debates, political and institutional importance acquired by corporative institutions in Fascist regime and behaviours of entrepreneurial organizations and labour unions. In this way, the paper aims to point out the “real” consequences of Fascist corporatism, different from the ideological ones. Keywords: corporatism; Fascism; Italy Resumo: É de conhecimento geral que intervenções estatais na Itália nas décadas de 1920 e 1930 se desenvolveram fora de instituições corporativas. A história do corporativismo fascista, no entanto, não é totalmente sem sucessos. Apesar da falha da “revolução corporativista” e da “terceira via fascista”, o corporativismo fascista, desde meados dos anos 1920, ajudou no desenvolvimento progressivo de um novo sistema político para regular a relação entre o Estado e interesses privados. -
Refractory Migrants. Fascist Surveillance on Italians in Australia 1922-1943
Refractory Migrants. Fascist Surveillance on Italians in Australia 1922-1943 by Gianfranco Cresciani Gianfranco Cresciani emigrated University of New South Wales in from Trieste to Sydney in 1962. He 2005, in recognition of worked for EPT, the Ethnic Affairs “distinguished eminence in the field Commission and the Ministry for of history”. In 2004 the Italian the Arts of the NSW Government Government awarded him the on cultural and migration issues. In honour of Cavaliere Ufficiale 1989 and 1994 he was member of dell‟Ordine al Merito for facilitating the Australian Delegation re- cultural exchanges between Italy negotiating with the Italian and Australia. He has produced Government the Italo-Australian books, articles, exhibitions and Cultural Agreement. Master of Arts radio and television programs in (First Class Honours) from Sydney Australia and Italy on the history of University in 1978. Doctor of Italian migration to Australia. Letters, honoris causa, from the There are exiles that gnaw and others that are like consuming fire. There is a heartache for the murdered country… - Pablo Neruda We can never forget what happened to our country and we must always remind those responsible that we know who they are. - Elizabeth Rivera One of the more salient and frightening aspects of European dictatorships during the Twentieth Century, in their effort to achieve totalitarian control of 8 their societies, was the grassroots surveillance carried out by their state security organisations, of the plots and machinations of their opponents. Nobody described better this process of capillary penetration in the minds and conditioning of the lives of people living under Communist or Fascist regimes than George Orwell in his book Nineteen Eighty-Four (1), published in 1949 and warning us on the danger of Newspeak, Doublethink, Big Brother and the Thought Police. -
Il 'Marchese Di Caporetto'
Il ‘marchese di Caporetto’ Claudio Treves e l'interventismo di sinistra di Antonio Casali Figura centrale del movimento socialista e tra i A prominent leader of the socialist movement protagonisti, per oltre trent’anni, della vita po and outstanding figure of the Italian political litica italiana, Claudio Treves ha conosciuto un scenery for over thirty years, Claudio Treves singolare destino. L’ostracismo decretatogli du has experienced a remarkable destiny. The rante il ventennio fascista è sembrato infatti ostracism he suffered during the fascist era has trasmettersi, quasi senza soluzione di continui seemed to continue, almost unchanged, tà, all’Italia repubblicana e postresistenziale. through the post-resistance and republican Ignorato dalla cultura liberalsocialista; oggetto years. Disdained by the liberal-socialist culture, di una imbarazzata oleografia d’occasione da awkwardly commemorated every now and then parte della socialdemocrazia saragattiana; tenu by the right-wing socialdemocrats, kept aside to ai margini financo dal recente riaccendersi di even in the recent revival of the social-reformist interesse sull’esperienza del socialismo riformi tradition, Treves has so far met with a curious sta: Treves ha attirato su di sé, fino ai nostri political and historical ‘misfortune’. giorni, una insistita ‘sfortuna’ politica e storio This essay unearths the roots of that ‘misfor grafica. tune’, scrupulously revisiting the origins and Il presente articolo va alle radici di questa motives of the myth of the ‘marchese di Capo- -
Il Fuoruscitismo Italiano Dal 1922 Al 1943 (*)
IL FUORUSCITISMO ITALIANO DAL 1922 AL 1943 (*) Possiamo organicamente dividere l’emigrazione politica, uno de gli aspetti più rilevanti della storia italiana durante i primi anni del regime fascista, in tre grandi periodi (1). Durante il primo, che va dal 1922 al 1924, tale esodo può apparire motivato da considerazioni economiche, proprio come era avvenuto per molti decenni; tuttavia, anche in questo periodo iniziale, in cui il fascismo non aveva ancora assunto il suo carattere dittatoriale, vi erano motivi politici che face vano capolino nella emigrazione. A migliaia di italiani che, senza un particolare interesse politico, avevano cercato lavoro sui mercati di Francia, Svizzera e Belgio, presto si aggiunsero numerosi altri la voratori, di idee socialiste od anarchiche, che avevano preso parte (1) Le seguenti statistiche possono dare un’idea delle variazioni nell’emigra zione. E’ impossibile, naturalmente, stabilire quanti emigrati fossero spinti prin cipalmente da motivi politici e quanti da considerazioni economiche. Le cifre sono prese dall’« Annuario Statistico italiano », Istituto centrale di Statistica, 1944-48, Serie V (Roma, 1949), I, 49. Anno Emigrazione verso Emigrazione verso Emigraz. ve la Francia l’Europa (Francia compr.) Paesi non Euro 1921 44.782 84.328 116.963 1922 99.464 155.554 125.716 1923 167.982 205.273 184.684 1924 201.715 239.088 125.282 1925 145.529 177.558 101.873 1926 111.252 139.900 122.496 1927 52.784 86.247 132.687 1928 49.351 79.173 70.794 1929 51.001 88.054 61.777 1930 167.209 220.985 59.112 1931 74.115 125.079 40.781 1932 33.516 58.545 24.803 1933 35.745 60.736 22.328 1934 20.725 42.296 26.165 1935 11.666 30.579 26.829 1936 9.614 21.682 19.828 1937 14.717 29.670 30.275 1938 10.551 71.848 27.99-* 1939 2.015 56.625 16.198 L’articolo è qui pubblicato per cortese concessione del « Journal of Central European Affairs » (University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado) che l’ha pubbli cato il 1 aprile 1952 (voi. -
Machiavelli the Revolutionary: a Modern Reinterpretation
MACHIAVELLI THE REVOLUTIONARY: A MODERN REINTERPRETATION Susan A. Ashley Four hundred years and the space between the far ends of the political spectrum separate the advocate of princely power from the most prominent Italian Communist, Antonio Gramsci. Other than their reputations as in uential Italian political thinkers, little connects Machiavelli, the Renaissance Humanist, to Gramsci, a Marxist-Leninist proponent of proletarian revolution. And yet, Machiavelli gures pro- minently in Gramsci’s work. Gramsci provided a clear, confident reading of The Prince and its relationship to Machiavelli’s other writings, and he drew on Machiavelli’s ideas both to shape and to explain his own distinctive views of power and of revolution. This founder of the Italian Communist Party and Italian delegate to the Comintern used Machiavelli to reinvent Marx. In doing so, Gramsci also turned Machiavelli into a Marxist, his particular type of Marxist. Despite the evident differences between Italy in the Renaissance and in the twentieth century, Machiavelli and Gramsci shared some common ground. They lived in chaotic times, and both enjoyed political in u- ence, then experienced exclusion when power changed hands. In 1494, the citizens of Florence drove Piero de Medici out for collaborating too closely with the French who had invaded Italy. Machiavelli stepped in and played a prominent role in the new government. He served on a committee which advised the newly-established Grand Council on war and foreign affairs, and he participated in a commission charged with studying the creation of a civilian militia. Four years later, the Florentines established another government under the leadership of Pier Soderini. -
Structural Reforms and Macro-Economic Policy
Structural reforms and macro-economic policy European Trade Union Confederation Structural reforms and macro-economic policy avec le soutien de la Commission Européenne with the support of the European Commission European Trade Union Confederation overview Introduction – Reiner Hoffmann 5 Part I : Structural reforms: What has been done so far? 9 ■ Lack of structural reform and low growth performance in the euro area – Ronald Janssen 11 ■ Labour markets in transition: Combining flexibility and security 15 in Central and Eastern Europe - Sandrine Cazes and Nesprovova Alena. ■ The trade union’s view on labour market policies: 21 the case of the Czech Republic – Pavel Janicko ■ Labour market reforms in Italy – Claudio Treves 23 Part II : Structural reforms : The way ahead 25 ■ A trade union agenda for structural reform – Ronald Janssen 27 ■ The Open Method of Coordination six years on: 37 From flamboyant promises to unrealistic expectations – Niklas Noaksson ■ Labour market reform: A perspective from Sweden – Åke Zettermark 48 ■ Getting trapped in low wage jobs: The experience from France – Emmanuel Mermet 51 Part III : Structural reforms and the European macro-economic 53 policy regime ■ Monetary policy and structural reforms in the euro area –Ad Van Riet 55 ■ Potential output: A questionable concept – Gustav Horn 62 ■ The Stability and Growth Pact: 69 Stability without growth? – Cathérine Mahieu and Henri Sterdyniak ■ The euro area drifting apart – Jörg Bibow 76 ■ Labour market re-regulation in the UK – Richard Exell 87 Order form 93 / 3 PART I: introduction Reiner Hoffmann ‘Reforms, reforms, reforms’, that is the conven- tion of the different interventions that were made at tional wisdom of many European policy makers this conference. -
Consensus for Mussolini? Popular Opinion in the Province of Venice (1922-1943)
UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM SCHOOL OF HISTORY AND CULTURES Department of History PhD in Modern History Consensus for Mussolini? Popular opinion in the Province of Venice (1922-1943) Supervisor: Prof. Sabine Lee Student: Marco Tiozzo Fasiolo ACADEMIC YEAR 2016-2017 2 University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. Declaration I certify that the thesis I have presented for examination for the PhD degree of the University of Birmingham is solely my own work other than where I have clearly indicated that it is the work of others (in which case the extent of any work carried out jointly by me and any other person is clearly identified in it). The copyright of this thesis rests with the author. Quotation from it is permitted, provided that full acknowledgement is made. This thesis may not be reproduced without my prior written consent. I warrant that this authorisation does not, to the best of my belief, infringe the rights of any third party. I declare that my thesis consists of my words. 3 Abstract The thesis focuses on the response of Venice province population to the rise of Fascism and to the regime’s attempts to fascistise Italian society. -
Democrats and Dictators in Spain and Italy
University of Wisconsin-Madison HISTORY 201: Historian’s Craft Democrats and Dictators in Spain and Italy Van Vleck B223 Monday and Wednesdays, 2:30-3:45 pm Professor Giuliana Chamedes Spring 2020 Office Hours: Wednesdays, 4:15-6pm, and by appointment* Office: Humanities Building, Room 4124 Email: [email protected] Course Description This course introduces students to the exciting work historians do and it encourages them to don the historian’s hat and superhero cape. It does so through an in-depth investigation of a complex and timely topic: the rise and fall of democracy and dictatorship in Italy and Spain. Why did dictatorships in these southern European countries live long lives, and die sudden deaths? How did Italian and Spanish dictators and democrats exercise influence and build popular consent? What does everyday life look like for citizens in dictatorships and democracies? How, troublingly enough, can democracies sometimes morph into dictatorships? Finally, can we, as informed citizens, prevent democracy’s undoing? This course will investigate these and other questions through a range of sources, including literature and film. * Office hours by appointment only on 1/29; 2/5; 2/12; 3/4; 3/25; 4/1; and 5/6. 1 Course Objectives This course fulfills your General Education Communication B Requirement. Throughout this course, we will practice skills like critical thinking, evaluating evidence, constructing arguments, and engaging with opposing viewpoints in writing and in speech. By the end of the course, you will become proficient in asking scholarly questions, analyzing primary and secondary sources, and situating sources within their proper context. -
The London School of Economics and Political Science
The London School of Economics and Political Science «Les Belles Années du Plan»? Hendrik de Man and the Reinvention of Western European Socialism, 1914-36 ca. Tommaso Milani A thesis submitted to the Department of International History of the London School of Economics for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, London, September 2017. 1 DECLARATION I certify that the thesis I have presented for examination for the MPhil/PhD degree of the London School of Economics and Political Science is solely my own work other than where I have clearly indicated that it is the work of others (in which case the extent of any work carried out jointly by me and any other person is clearly identified in it). The copyright of this thesis rests with the author. Quotation from it is permitted, provided that full acknowledgment is made. This thesis may not be reproduced without my prior written consent. I warrant that this authorisation does not, to the best of my belief, infringe the rights of any third party. I declare that my thesis consists of 99,843 words. 2 ABSTRACT The thesis discusses the trajectory of the Belgian socialist thinker and activist Hendrik de Man (1885-1953) between 1914 and 1936 ca, with particular attention to his endeavours to renew Western European social democracy after the Great War. The first half of the thesis deals with de Man’s theoretical evolution. Having become convinced of the inadequacy of orthodox Marxism as a conceptual framework for the Left while serving as soldier and diplomat during WWI, de Man sought to overcome the split between reformism and revolutionary socialism by developing an ethical conception of socialism outlined in the book Zur Psychologie des Sozialismus (1926) and, subsequently, by elaborating planism, a democratic socialist ideology supposedly more in tune with the socio-economic conditions of the 1930s. -
1 Angelo G. Sabatini Saragat E L'idea Del Socialismo Democratico
Angelo G. Sabatini Saragat e l’idea del socialismo democratico riformista ( Commemorazione tenuta a Venezia-Mestre il 13 febbraio 2010 in occasione della dedica di una strada a Giuseppe Saragat a Mestre ) Nessun uomo politico al pari di Saragat può riassumere nella sua lunga milizia la storia, spesso controversa, del socialismo italiano. Strettamente intrecciata alle vicen- de del socialismo italiano ed ai momenti più rilevanti della storia nazionale, la vita e l'opera di Giuseppe Saragat segnano in modo indelebile le vicende fondamentali della storia contemporanea, dalla sua prima militanza democratica durante il primo conflitto mondiale sino alla sua elezione a Presidente della Repubblica avvenuta il 28 dicembre 1964, per poi consegnare all'intera sinistra italiana un patrimonio di esperienze e di valori che oggi come ieri rappresentano un punto di riferimento essenziale nella nostra vita civile. Il lungo itinerario politico ed ideale del più autorevole esponente della socialdemocrazia italiana prende avvio durante la Grande Guerra allorché Saragat si arruola volontario all'età di 18 anni — era nato il 19 settembre 1898 — ed ha modo di conoscere Bruno Buozzi e Claudio Treves. È a quest'ultimo che Saragat attribuisce la paternità della sua visione socialista, che lo porterà ben presto a collaborare al settimanale "La Libertà" e ad aderire, nell'ottobre del 1922, al Partito Socialista Uni- tario. Da poco fondato da Matteotti, Turati, Treves, Buozzi, il PSU nasceva dall'intento di portare al governo una forza socialista riformista che fosse in grado di bloccare la resistibile ascesa del fascismo. Quel tentativo, volto com'è noto a sbloccare la paralisi delle forze socialiste causata dal massimalismo del PSI, accentuatosi dopo la scissione comunista di Livorno del 1921, ebbe risultati modesti come adesioni, così come in occasione della successiva prova elettorale del 1924. -
Transnational Anarchism Against Fascisms: Subaltern Geopolitics and Spaces of Exile in Camillo Berneri’S Work Federico Ferretti
Transnational Anarchism Against Fascisms: subaltern geopolitics and spaces of exile in Camillo Berneri’s work Federico Ferretti To cite this version: Federico Ferretti. Transnational Anarchism Against Fascisms: subaltern geopolitics and spaces of exile in Camillo Berneri’s work. eds. D. Featherstone, N. Copsey and K. Brasken. Anti-Fascism in a Global Perspective, Routledge, pp.176-196, 2020, 10.4324/9780429058356-9. hal-03030097 HAL Id: hal-03030097 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03030097 Submitted on 29 Nov 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Transnational anarchism against fascisms: Subaltern geopolitics and spaces of exile in Camillo Berneri’s work Federico Ferretti UCD School of Geography [email protected] This paper addresses the life and works of transnational anarchist and antifascist Camillo Berneri (1897–1937) drawing upon Berneri’s writings, never translated into English with few exceptions, and on the abundant documentation available in his archives, especially the Archivio Berneri-Chessa in Reggio Emilia (mostly published in Italy now). Berneri is an author relatively well-known in Italian scholarship, and these archives were explored by many Italian historians: in this paper, I extend this literature by discussing for the first time Berneri’s works and trajectories through spatial lenses, together with their possible contributions to international scholarship in the fields of critical, radical and subaltern geopolitics.