SOUTH ERN Nafri a a Monthly Survey of News an O N
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SOUTH ERN nAFRI A A Monthly Survey of News an o n Published by the Southern fr ca Co e-L 637 West 125th Street - ew York, N. Y. UbUra ry Vol. III, No. 6 July-August IR7% CONTENTS PA 1. Editorial: "One S 11 Step Forward: Two G nt Steps Bac 2 2. Feature Article: S 0QWINE 3 3. INSIDE SOUTH AFRICA The Case of the Twenty-Two 6 Protest Around the Trial 7 Zulu Territorial Authority Established 7 Transkei Demands More Land 8 Nuclear Know-How 9 South African Films 9 Urban Bantu Council Powerless 9 U.S. Official Kidnapped 9 4. INSIDE RHODESIA: A Summary of New§ and Events 10 5. NAMIBIA 11 More U.N. Deliberations 11 Sam Nujoma's Testimony at the U.N. 12 Hosea Kutako Dead 13 6. SOUTH AFRICA'S NEIGHBORS 13 Lesotho: British Recognition and Resumed Aid 13 Botswana: Entangled by world capitalism 14 Botswana: Relations with South Africa 14 Malawi: A policy of political realism? 15 7. PORTUGAL AND THE PORTUGUESE COLONIES 16 South African Troops in Angola 16 Benguela Railway Dispute 16 PAIGC Advances in Guinea-Bissau 17 U.S. Link With Cabora Bassa??? 17 CONTENTS PAGE (Portugal and Portuguese Colonies, Continued) Rogers Visits Madrid, Lisbon, for Bases Talks 19 Interview with Marcelino dos Santos 19 More Attacks in Angola 19 Portugal's Gratitude 20 Portugues6 Upset: Pope Gives Audience to Liberation Leaders 20 More Withdrawals from Cabora Bassa 20 Portuguese Losses Admitted 20 Schools Bombed in Guinea-Bissau 20 Atomic Energy in Southern Africa 21 Liberation Movements Supported at World Food Congress 21 Bombs Discovered at Portuguese, South African Offices 22 Other Guerrilla §uccesses 22 8. British Resumption of Arms Sales to South Africa: Background and Implications 22 9. International Conference in Support of the Peoples of the Portuguese Colonies: A Report 25 10. Book Review: "Africa: This New Dialogue" (U.S. Department of State) Student Protests 12. Sport 13, Percy Sledge Sells "Soul" to South Africa 14. Major'Papers Run Series on Southern Africa: Liberation Struggle Often Ignored 15. Anti-Corporate Actions: A British Assessment 16. U. S. Ambassador's Appointment Decried EDITORIAL "One Small Step Forward: Two Giant Steps Backward" For the first time, the United Nations has held a World Youth Confer Ience and has invited for participation some representatives from the liberatory movements of Southern Africa. These-delegates were asked on several occasions to interpret the implications of two recent events in iope: the reception and blessing of representatives from the liberatory movements of the Portuguese colonies by the Pope in Rome recently, and the news that the new conservative government in Britain will-soon cancel the Labor government's ban on arms sales to South'Africa. The former was heralded as an important event, representing as it did a rather revolutionary stance for the Roman church leader. Mr. Antonio Condesse of the MPILA (Angolan Popular -Movement for Liberation) stated that it is not expected that the Pope will take any further steps in this matter, but-that his reception and blessing themselves were quite impor tant in their implications to all the Catholic world--especially the Portuguese part. One small step forward, -3- But comments regarding Britain's move towards selling arms to South Youth Africa are not so positive. Many young Africans at the U.N. Africa a, Assembly have interpreted it as both a direct insult to black a whole, and as a tremendous demoralizing effect on the United Nations on ai itself. Britain's seeming lack of concern about the U.N. embargo sales to South Africa represents a lack of respect for that body which becoming increasingly great on the part of many of its members. To many Africans, Britain's move is interpreted as forming a strong the alliance with the white racist regimes of Southern Africa against and desires for freedom and self-determination, but people's movements Nation. it also represents a major erosion of their faith in the United move The lip service given to maintenance of peace and security by the being is undone by the inevitability it places on a violent revolution the only way out of the situation for the Africans. Two giant steps backward. t] What the Western world cannot see is that it is WE who are taking a: giant steps backward, and the movements for liberation in Africa who taking the small steps forward. WE HAVE MOVED t. Readers: Please note our new address on the masthead. In the future, please address all correspon change dence (and donations!) to our new address. Also, if you have a of address, BE SURE TO INDICATE BOTH YOUR OLD AND YOUR NEW ZIP CODE!! economic preferences brought feature article : about the realization by the SOUTH AFRICA'S South African government that it would have to do some intensive PROPAGANDA face-lifting if it were to counter act its image as the world's pole MACHINE cat and again attract foreign in country. Ten years ago, South Africa's foreign vestment capital into the the years, a skill policy and image-building attempts over Slowly, over seas were crude and unsophisticated. ful, well-planned and massively has then External Affairs Minis financed propaganda program Eric Louw, must be ter, was a dogmatic white supremacist been developed which, it who hurled racist epithets from the admitted, has performed wonders. platforms of the United Nations, to the South Africa has never been strote delight of his fellow Nationalists at economically and militarily, power home. ful friends speak for her in all Then came Sharpeville--a diplomatic parts of the western world, despit disaster of massive proportions for the her continued and intensified re South African government--followed, a pression of the majority of her year later, by South Africa's virtual people. expulsion from the British Commonwealth. Dr. Louw's boorish foreign polic, The economic crisis created by the flood has given way to the quiet and soph. of money out of the country following isticated approach of Hildgard Sharpeville and the loss of Commonwealth Muller, an Oxford-educated, modern -4- day diplomat. Exhaustive and de increasingly tailed memoranda flow from Dr. Mul sophisticated films depicting 'the truth about South ler's office as attempted rebuffs to Africa.' Many of these local pro attacks on apartheid. Muller travels minents are seduced into making constantly through all the capitals of expense paid, brainwashing the Western trips to world, building bridges, South Africa. Occasionally, avoiding confrontations they with demon are accompanied by strators, right-wingers of stressing South Africa's national prominence supposedly such as Senators strategic role in the In Ellender and Eastland. Naturally, dian Ocean, apparent contribution to almost without exception, the these fight against communism, and un visitors return as ardent defenders limited opportunities for foreign in of the apartheid faith. vestment. In its diplomatic offensive, the Since Dr. Louw's demise, South Af South African government has powerful rica has launched a propaganda on allies of which two must be mentioned: slaught using many different approach the South African Foundation and the es. In the mid-60's, Radio South Af Africa Institute. rica began broadcasting in many dif The Foundation exists ferent languages to promote to all corners of South Africa's good name overseas, the globe. Nightly on the 25 meter counteract band, so-called unjust attacks, it preaches its low-key racism and as to an avenue for the attraction North America, interspersed with of foreign investments. music and chatty South African Headed by anec an overt and aging racist, Sir Francis dotes. de Guingand, it is supported Over the years, too, South Africa's by South Africa's top businessmen, Nationalists propaganda publications have become and more non-Nationalists alike. Anton elaborate in format and, more Rupert, skillful in content. Tom Muller and Harry Oppen Three such maga heimer are only three zines circulate in of the tycoons the U.S.: South who donate liberally to African Panorama (published the Founda by the tion's coffers. With this enormous Government Department of Information, budget, the Foundation Pretoria); zealously Report from South Africa defends apartheid. With offices in (published by the Department of In many different parts formation of the world, the in the South African Embassy head of the American office in London); and is a 'real South African Scope catch' for the Nationalists. .He is (published by the Informtion section John Chettle, one of the of South Africa's rapidly pro embassy in Washing liferating breed of well-educated, ton.) All employ the same approach: English-speaking pragmatic'intellec glossy photographs of South Africa's tuals who believe apartheid offers scenic and wild-life attractions, the possibility of a'liberal solution happy, smiling black faces enjoying to South Africa's racial problems. *the physical comforts provided by Educated at one of South Africa's their ever-loving white benefactors, elite high schools, Hilton College, and page after page devoted to the Chettle has a B.A. wonders from Natal Univer of the South African economy. sity where he was President of the In this country, South Africa's Student Body, diplomatic a law degree from Wit apologists slink from town watersrand University to town, and an M.A. from avoiding publicity and col Oxford, where he was a Rhodes lege campuses, scholar. seeking out newspaper Returning to SouthAfrica, he editors, local radio and TV bosses, joined Kiwanis, Harry Oppenheimer's Anglo-American Rotary and other such clubs, Company, one lugging