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SPQR Scenario Book 3 the BATTLE of BENEVENTUM Pyrrhus of Epirus Vs

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SPQRSPQR Scenario Scenario Book Book 11 SPQR Great Battles of the Roman Republic 3rd Edition SCENARIO BOOK BENEVENTUM, 275 BC Pyrrhus of Epirus vs. Roman Consul M. Curius Dentatus—p. 3 SPQR BAGRADAS PLAINS, 255 BC SCENARIOS Xanthippus vs. Roman Consul M. Atilius Regulus—p. 8 scenario design CANNAE, 216 BC mark herman Hannibal Barca vs. Consul G. Terentius Varro—p. 10 richard h. berg ZAMA, 202 BC game development Hannibal Barca vs. Proconsul P. Cornelius Scipio—p. 16 alan ray CYNOSCEPHALAE, 197 BC art director rodger macgowan King Phillip V of Macedon vs. Consul T. Quinctius Flamininus—p. 20 GMT Games, LLC P.O. Box 1308, Hanford, CA 93232–1308 www.GMTGames.com ©© 2008 2008 GMT GMT Games Games LLC LLC 2 SPQRSPQR ScenarioScenario BookBook 2 RULES FOR COMPETITIVE PLAY We have designed the following battles/scenarios to be as historically CREDITS accurate (within the limits of available research materials) as possible. While this allows them to be excellent tools for study and solitaire play, Original System Designed By: Mark Herman some of the battles, because they were not balanced historically, will fall short of that gamer’s paradise of “perfect” game balance. Game System Designed By: Mark Herman/ Richard Berg We understand that many of you prefer an “I Want to Win” approach to wargaming, as opposed to, say, a “What’s Happening Here” view. Well, Beneventum and Cynoscephalae Designed by: Mark we like to be All Things to All People, here at GMT, and we are aware, Herman as noted above, that “history” often fails to cooperate with our desire to produce balanced “games”. To ameliorate, if not entirely remedy, Bagradas, Cannae, and Zama Designed by: Richard H. this situation, we offer two suggestions for Competitive Play. These Berg methods will provide a more even balance; however, the “end result” may often not reflect “historical” objectives or realities. Game Developed By: Richard H. Berg #1: The Rout Point Bid Method. This method works best for those 3rd Edition Development: Alan Ray players who are familiar with both the game AND the battle. In essence, each player bids Rout Points to play a specific side … usually the favored Box Cover and Counter Art: Rodger B. MacGowan one. The winning bid then subtracts the number of Rout Points he has bid from the total required to rout his chosen side. Map Art: Leland Myrick Example: Two gamers want to play Zama; they both want to play Rules Layout: Neil Randall Scipio. Player #1 bids 25 RP’s, but player #2 offers 35 as his bid. #2 gets to play Scipio, but his army now routs when it reaches 195 points Art Director: Rodger B. MacGowan … not the 230 listed. Rules Editing / Index: Gene Billingsley #2: The Game Rule Fix Method. In this method we simply suggest certain rules to play— or ignore—that should balance the game. Historical Commentary: Richard H. Berg and Mark Herman SIZE AND TROOP QUALITY CHARTS The Size and Troop Quality charts included in the Victory section of Latin Consultant: Caesar (Sid) each battle show the number of units involved, the army’s total Size, the total Rout Points and the average per unit TQ. For the average TQ Playtesters: Mike Reed, Dick Vohlers, James Stormes, calculation, the unit TQ (not Rout Points) is used for Skirmishers, Keith Schlesinger, Boyd Schorzman, David Fox, Joseph Elephants, and double-size units. Holt ©© 20082008 GMTGMT GamesGames LLCLLC SPQR Scenario Book 3 THE BATTLE OF BENEVENTUM Pyrrhus of Epirus vs. Roman Consul M. Curius Dentatus—Southern Italy, 275 BC Historical Background Dentatus now decided to offer battle and fight Pyrrhus on the plain After an unsuccessful four year campaign in Sicily, Pyrrhus returned, adjoining his camp. The initial Roman attack failed, due in part to Pyr- again, to aid Tarentum. Pyrrhus’s reputation—which, even a hundred rhus’s skillful use of his remaining elephants plus some stiff Epirote/ years later, was quite impressive—brought thousands of Samnites, mercenary resistance. However, a second Roman assault managed to Bruttians, Lucanians, Sabines, and other Italians back into his by-now stampede the elephants into their own positions. The shaken Macedo- depleted mercenary force. Led by his somewhat short-handed corps nian phalanx retreated from the field in disorder, and the Romans had of war elephants, Pyrrhus, once again, marched on Rome. Consul M. a victory—albeit just barely. Curius Dentatus (the last name coming from a particularly noticeable Dentatus’ victory convinced Pyrrhus to give up his dreams of western set of buck teeth) quickly gathered his consular army and moved south conquest and he departed for Greece. Casualties are unknown, but Pyr- to intercept him. He camped about 130 miles southeast of Rome near rhus returned to Greece with approximately 8,000 foot and 500 cavalry. the town of Beneventum (at that time named Maleventum; obviously He was killed in a minor engagement three years later, leaving the as things got “better” the name changed) and waited for Pyrrhus. Southern Greeks on the Italian peninsula without strong leadership. In Pyrrhus approached Beneventum with an army consisting of 20,000 272 BC Rome conquered Tarentum, and two years later she completed foot, 3,000 cavalry and some 15 elephants. The cavalry were mostly her subjugation of all Southern Italy with the capture of Rhegium. his Thessalian units whereas, in addition to his Macedonian-style Beneventum was the pivotal battle in the Roman Republic’s bid for phalanxes, most of the 20,000 foot were sword-armed, Italian-colonial Italian peninsular hegemony. It is the first of three battles (Cynoscep- Greeks. The Roman army under the Consul Dentatus consisted of a halae and Pydna are the other two) where the Roman Manipular Legion fairly typical Consular army (17,000 foot and 1,200 cavalry), who’s met—and defeated—a purely Alexander/Macedonian style army in contingent of alae sociorum was a bit reduced by sizeable defections a stand-up fight. It is also an interesting study in the Roman use of a of Sabines and other Italians to the Tarentine/Pyrrhic cause. fortified camp in support of its battle plan. Pyrrhus’s patrols detected the Roman defensive positions and he de- cided on a surprise night attack. His approach march took longer than Pre-Game Notes planned (Lex Murphus, no doubt), and the Romans, upon detecting This is an unusual scenario, mainly because of the very palpable pres- the Epirote army, sprang to arms and repulsed the initial assault with ence of the Roman Camp, as well as the fact that Beneventum was a Pyrrhus losing eight elephants. somewhat unusual Meeting Engagement. There is a host of special rules © 2008 GMT Games LLC 4 SPQR Scenario Book and some interesting “artillery”. The scenario does have a relatively Alae Sociorum (III and V) small number of units, and, with no set deployment, players are free The Player may designate either ala as left or right wing. The alae to explore their own strategies and tactics. are grouped by standard cohorts/triarii, standard cavalry, and then the It should also be noted that there is not that much “hard” information on extraordinaires of both the cohorts and V cavalry. IMPORTANT: The this battle, and the classical descriptions of it are often quite conflicting. alae are short on cavalry (only one non-extraordinaires cavalry unit No one is even quite sure exactly where it took place! We have tried to from each ala is used) and foot (do not use the alae Triarii and reduce provide the best “game” given the available information. the number of cohorts by one—i.e., there should be 8 cohorts and one cohort extraordinaires from each ala). Map Alae Cohorts (Number in [#] is number of units that start in hex) Use the Beneventum map. Left Wing 2907, 2908, 2910, 2911 Difficulty And Balance (two per hex; all units face South vertex) The Set-Piece battle is a good scenario for those not overly familiar Right Wing 3707, 3708, 3710, 3711 with the system. The Meeting Engagement is more formidable and (two per hex; all units face North vertex) requires that players know a lot about what their units can do—aside Alae Cavalry 3105, 3505 (units face NW or from adding a bunch of extra rules. (one from each ala) SW vertex) The Romans are slightly favored, more so in the Set-Piece battle. Results AS/III CE, AS/V CE[c] 3204, 3404 (units face NW or in the Meeting Engagement depend much on what the Epirote player SW vertex) does at night. The Rout Point Bid method is the best one to use here, as AS/V RC EX [c] 3304 (units face NW or SW vertex) this is a difficult scenario for which to supply rules adjustments. c = The Cohorts and Ala Extraordinaires Playing time is about two hours for the Set-Piece battle; another hour for the Meeting Engagement Camp Guard (Face units either toward a gate or toward outside of camp if in a tower) [d] INITIAL DEPLOYMENT III VE (b, c), V VE (b, c) 2806, 3303, 3312, 3806 AS/III VE (a, b), THE NIGHT ATTACK/MEETING AS/V VE (a, b), ENGAGEMENT III Scorpion (a, b), 2803, 2813, 3803, 3813 (one VE and The Roman Army under Curius Dentatus V Scorpion (a, b) one Scorpion in each hex) The Romans use the III and V Legions and Alae. Roman units are d = At the instant of Roman Alert, these gate guards are immediately deployed inside the Camp according to the following setup. placed in a vacant Velites tent hex, facing any direction.
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