DAY 1 SHOW DAILY OFFICIAL SHOW DAILY of the 70TH INTERNATIONAL ASTRONAUTICAL CONGRESS International Partners Seek to Keep up with NASA’S Lunar Ambitions

Oct. 21, 2019 • Visit us at DAY 1 SHOW DAILY OFFICIAL SHOW DAILY OF THE 70TH INTERNATIONAL ASTRONAUTICAL CONGRESS International partners seek to keep up with NASA’s lunar ambitions

year after NASA used the International Astronautical Congress (IAC) to encour- Aage other nations to join its plans to return astronauts to the moon, an accelerated schedule has created both new opportunities and new challenges for those partnerships. At 2018 IAC in Bremen, Germany, NASA Administrator Jim Bridenstine talked up NASA’s plans to establish a Gateway in orbit around the moon, with international partners contributing various modules. That facility would support human missions to the lunar surface starting in 2028. At the time, Bridenstine said the process for incorporating partners was still being worked on, although the decadelong timeframe for assembling the Gateway gave NASA and its potential partners breathing room to figure out how to do so. By March, Canada became the first nation to sign up for the Gateway, announcing its intent to spend $1.5 billion over more than two decades to build the Canadarm3 robotic arm for the facility. NASA Administrator Jim Bridenstine speaking at the 69th International Astronautical Congress in Bremen, The Multilateral Coordination Board (MCB), Germany, last year. the interagency group that handles issues involving the International Space Station, backed Symposium in Colorado Springs. What’s changed, Grumman for the HALO, based on its work on the Gateway in a March 5 statement. “Following he said, is that the Gateway will now be built an earlier NASA program. several years of extensive study among the in two phases, first to support that initial 2024 There will be a few opportunities for inter- agencies culminating in a successful technical landing and then expanded, primarily with national partners. The European Space Agency assessment, the MCB endorsed plans to con- international partner contributions. will be involved in the early Artemis missions tinue the Gateway development,” it said, also “The first phase is speed. We want to get through its existing agreement to provide releasing an illustration of the Gateway with those boots on the moon as soon as possible,” the service module for the Orion spacecraft. potential contributions by Canada, Europe, Ja- he said then. That later second phase, he added, Northrop’s decision to base the HALO module pan and Russia, along with NASA, highlighted. would emphasize sustainability. on its Cygnus cargo spacecraft means that Those plans changed later that month, though, What that means is that international Thales Alenia Space, which manufactures the when Vice President Mike Pence announced at partners are largely shut out of major roles in pressurized module for Cygnus, will also be a National Space Council meeting that he was the initial phase of what NASA now calls the involved in the early Gateway. directing NASA to land people on the moon by Artemis program. The lunar Gateway will, for The lack of early opportunities for other 2024, four years earlier than previously planned. that 2024 landing, feature only two modules: nations has not, for now, led to any defec- That necessitated a change in plans for the a Power and Propulsion Element (PPE) and a tions. In late August, the MCB issued another Gateway, at least in its initial stages. “mini-hab” module called the Habitation and statement endorsing the Gateway. “The MCB “The plan is still the same,” Bridenstine Logistics Outpost (HALO). Maxar Technologies members shared the view that the Gateway will argued a few weeks later that the 35th Space won a $375 million contract in May to build the become a sustainable exploration infrastructure IAF VIA FLICKR PPE while NASA announced its intent in July supporting further lunar and Mars exploration JEFF FOUST to issue a sole-source contract to Northrop objectives when additional capabilities are

DAY 1 | SPACENEWS SHOW DAILY | 1

001-012_IAC ShowDaily-DAY ONE 2019.indd 1 10/14/19 2:22 PM Space News Cover - Lunar Habitats.indd 1 001-012_IAC ShowDaily-DAY ONE 2019.indd 2 sncorp.com space transport crew compartment. surfacesupport operations, andas aMars deep crewed missions, ahabitat onthe moonto full-size habitat for the Lunar Gateway to support including as alow-Earth orbit(LEO) destination, a architecture supports multiple applications autonomous operations. Thereconfigurable Habitat program that supports both crewed and for Exploration Partnerships 2(NextSTEP-2) habitat under NASA’s Next Space Technologies SNC has developed aflexible, inflatable space (LIFE Large Inflatable Fabric Environment TM ) Habitat Key LIFEHabitat Design Features: Complete with SNC’s Astro Garden storage, environmental monitoring &life systems support sleeping quarters, hygiene station, galley, payload &cargo Includes crew workstations, medical research &sick bay, Supports four crew members living&performing space missions Systems orfive-meter fairing commercial launch vehicles Flexible launch options; compatible with Space Launch Provides significant volume for long-duration humanactivity ® plantgrowth system © 2019 Sierra Nevada Corporation 10/14/2019 2:05:57 PM 10/14/19 2:24 PM

NASA DAY 1 SHOW DAILY

provided through the Gateway partner- Since then, though, there’s been little sign ship,” it stated, outlining the continued interest of concrete progress regarding bringing China A NASA artist’s concept of the 2024 lunar Gateway by the ISS partners to provide modules for the into Artemis, or even if China, with its own lunar in orbit. Gateway in the future. exploration ambitions, wants to join. Bridenstine While the ISS partners will play the biggest frequently notes that language sharply restricting role in any international cooperation, other bilateral cooperation between NASA and China funding nations will contribute. JAXA, mean- nations may also participate. NASA and the in appropriations bills — including in both the while, is working with the Japanese government Australian Space Agency signed a “joint state- House and Senate versions of fiscal year 2020 to identify funding for its contributions. ment of intent” Sept. 21 for cooperation on the legislation — makes any comprehensive co- Bringing together all those potential part- Artemis program, which may include Australia operation difficult. “If that were to change, it ners will be an organizational challenge. That providing technologies in areas like robotics would be above my pay grade,” he said during complexity, though, could also be an advantage, and teleoperation to support human mission a news conference in Japan Sept. 25. one NASA official believes. on or around the moon. Difficulties for international cooperation “I’m starting to love complicated,” said Ken Bridenstine has been open to bringing in a aren’t limited to the United States. Canada’s Bowersox, NASA acting associate administrator larger number of “nontraditional” partners for commitment to the lunar Gateway could be for human exploration and operations, during an the Artemis program. He’s publicly talked about tested after the Oct. 21 federal election there, Oct. 10 speech at the International Symposium including countries ranging from India, whose where the government of current Prime Minis- for Personal and Commercial Spaceflight in New Chandrayaan-2 spacecraft is currently orbiting ter Justin Trudeau is facing a strong challenge Mexico. “I realize that complicated sometimes the moon, to the United Arab Emirates, which from the Conservative Party. Space policy has means that you increase resilience.” flew its first astronaut on a brief mission to the not come up during the campaign, although “It is a lot more complicated than we did with ISS less than a month ago. one Conservative member of parliament, Erin Apollo, but it’s on purpose,” he added. The only country that appears to be off-limits O’Toole, told the publication SpaceQ that he At this year’s IAC, Bridenstine will likely spend to participation in the Artemis program is China. expected a government led by his party would a lot of time with leaders of other space agencies At last year’s IAC in Bremen, both Bridenstine continue with Canadarm3. to formalize proposed partnerships for Artemis and his Chinese counterpart, Zhang Kejian, ad- The European Space Agency will soon decide or work to bring in new partners. His message ministrator of the China National Space Admin- its role in Artemis. The Space19+ meeting of may be the same as last year in Germany, where istration, showed interest in finding new ways ministers of its 22 members states, Nov. 27–28 he emphasized the importance of international to cooperate. “We can share data and collaborate in Seville, Spain, will debate whether and how cooperation to NASA: “I am telling you that we that way so that each country can learn more ESA should participate in the lunar Gateway or cannot do what we do without the support of about science,” Bridenstine suggested. other aspects of Artemis, including how much our international partners.” SN NASA

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001-012_IAC ShowDaily-DAY ONE 2019.indd 3 10/14/19 2:26 PM SHOW DAILY DAY 1

IACFor the complete rundown of ATIAC events, consult the officialA program GLANCE or go to www.iafastro.org/events/iac/iac-2019/

MONDAY WEDNESDAY

09:00-11:00 | Opening Ceremony. IAC promises a “multi- 08:30 – 09:30 | UAE Space Agency Director General layered theatrical production” combined with welcome Mohammed Nasser Al Ahbabi and top space officials from addresses from IAF President Jean-Yves Le Gall, NASA Brazil, Nigeria, South Africa and Thailand discuss issues Administrator Jim Bridenstine, U.S. Vice President Mike Pence confronting emerging space agencies. (Grand Ballroom B) and others (Grand Ballroom ABC) 09:40-10:40 | Planet co-founder Robbie Schingler and Arianespace CEO Stephane 13:15-14:45 | NASA Administrator Jim Bridenstine and the heads of ESA, JAXA, Israel are among five senior executives scheduled to discuss the public sector ‘s ISRO, CSA, CNSA and Roscosmos speak during the Heads of Space Agencies role as anchor tenant for private sector services (Grand Ballroom A) plenary session (Grand Ballroom ABC) 9:45-11:15 | A space traffic management group discussion featuring former 15:00-16:30 | Planetary defense panel discussion with NASA Planetary Defense FAA-AST AA George Nield, AIAA Executive Director Emeritus Sandy Magnus and Officer Lindley Johnson, Bill Nye and more (146A) astrodynamacist Moriba Jah (146A)

15:10-16:10 | Josef Aschbacher, director of ESA’s Earth observation programs, will 09:45-12:45 | Northrop Grumman’s Kent Romminger opens the IAF Space be joined by industry and government officials to discuss public investment in Propulsion Symposium with a keynote on the OmegA rocket. Earth observation systems (Grand Ballroom ABC) 13:30-14:30 | The Planetary Society CEO Bill Nye and Europa Clipper project 16:45-18:15 | An ISS-Moon-Mars special session will explore how the space station managers from NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory and Johns Hopkins University and the moon can be used to simulate future Mars mission operations. NASA’s Applied Physics Laboratory discuss NASA’s $4 billion mission to send a probe to ISS division director Sam Scimemi facilitates an international gathering of space Jupiter’s icy moon Europa.(Grand Ballroom B) medicine and astronaut training officials (146A)

17:40-18:10 | Kevin O’Connell, the director of the U.S. Office of Space Commerce, and Moon Express CEO Bob Richards are joined by NASA and National Space THURSDAY Council official for a panel discussion on returning to the moon in the NewSpace 08:30-09:30 | Plenary. Harnessing Citizen Science for the Future of Earth age (Grand Ballroom A) Observation (Grand Ballroom B) 18:15-19:30 | Plenary session on the next 50 years in human spaceflight (Grand 11:45-12:00 | Mars Society President Robert Zubrin presents a “new concept in Ballroom). Featuring ESA Director General Johann-Dietrich Woerner, NanoRacks propellantless propulsion” as part of a joint session on advanced and nuclear CEO Jeffrey Manber and former FAA-AST AA George Nield (Grand Ballroom ABC) power and propulsion systems.

13:25-14:25 | Simonetta Di Pippo, director of the United Nations TUESDAY Office for Outer Space Affairs, leads a discussion about the establishment of a voluntary Space Sustainability Rating to guide 08:00-08:25 | Fireside chat with Jeff Bezos to mark his good space stewardship (Grand Ballroom A) acceptance of the 2019 IAF Excellence in Industry Award on behalf of Blue Origin (Grand Ballroom ABC) 14:45-17:30 | The Access to Space for Small Satellites session will include presentations from NASA, ESA, Northrop Grumman, Aerospace Corp., Astrocast, 08:30-09:30 | SNC Corp. CEO Fatih Ozmen moderates a plenary session on D-Orbit and others (151B) sustainability and space security with National Space Council Executive Director Scott Pace, Luxembourg Deputy Prime Minister Etienne Schneider, Thales Alenia Space CEO Jean-Loïc Galle, Telesat CEO Daniel Goldberg and Lockheed Martin VP FRIDAY and GM Kay Sears (Grand Ballroom ABC) 09:45-12:45 | The Space Operations Symposium continues with a ground 09:40-10:50 | Industry storytelling sessions kick off with Virgin Galactic CEO operations systems and solutions session including presentations from Leaf Space George Whitesides followed by more 10-minute talks from Arianespace CEO and others (140B) Stéphane Israël, SpaceX COO Gwynne Shotwell, Made In Space CEO Andrew Rush and more 11:20-12:20 | Three engineers from Aerojet Rocketdyne, Boeing and Lockheed Martin provide a broad overview of deep exploration during this “talk show” 09:45-11:15 | Stephen Volz of NOAA NESDIS, Alain Ratier of Eumetsat, and ESA’s Joseph session geared to general audiences (Grand Ballroom ABC) Aschbacher discuss the role of Earth observation in studying our planet (146A) 11:30-12:30 | Virgin Orbit organizes a responsive launch panel that includes 09:45-12:45 | Wayne Monteith, FAA associate administrator for commercial U.S. Air Force Maj. Gen. Nina Armagno, Mojave Air & Space Port’s Karina Dress, space transportation, helps kick off the two-day IAF Symposium on Commercial Spaceport Cornwall’s Miles Carden and FAA-AST’s Wayne Monteith (146A) Spaceflight Safety Issues. 13:30-16:30 | The Cooperative and Robotic Space Systems session will include 13:30-14:30 | Blue Origin CEO Bob Smith is joined by U.S. Air Force Maj. Gen. presentations from NASA, DLR, Surrey Space Centre, Thales Alenia Space, Pamela Lincoln and Australian Space Agency deputy head Anthony Murfett to Effective Space and more (145B) discuss building and sustaining a global space workforce (Grand Ballroom B) 16:45 – 17:45 | Closing ceremony. The IAC flag is handed over to the next host GLAVKOSMOS PHOTO 14:45-16:15 | The EO+AI special session includes Planet CEO Will Marshall, Google country — the United Arab Emirates (Grand Ballroom ABC) Earth Director Rebecca Moore, Spire Global CEO Peter Platzer and more. (146)

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001-012_IAC ShowDaily-DAY ONE 2019.indd 4 10/14/19 3:18 PM China, Russia to cooperate on lunar orbiter, landing missions

ussia and China agreed last “China has the month to joint exploration political will to Rof the moon following at meeting of heads of government follow through… in St. Petersburg. and Russia is The agreements will see cooperation in Russia’s Luna-26 orbiter motivated to spacecraft and Chang’e-7 polar landing cooperate with mission, according to Roscosmos, which could involve contributions them through of science payloads to the respective its sole strategic spacecraft. Both missions are currently scheduled for the early-to-mid-2020s. purpose — make The two sides also committed things difficult to previously announced plans to create a joint lunar and deep space for democracies data center, which will consist of hubs in general and in both Russia and China. CNSA Administrator Zhang Kejian (left) and Rocosmos Director General Dmitry Ro- gozin shake hands during a July 18 meeting at Glavkosmos headquarters in Moscow. the U.S. in The documents were signed Sept. 17 by Dmitry Rogozin, director particular.” general of Roscosmos, and Zhang 18 hearing of the House Science space exploration conference July 22 Joan Johnson-Freese Keqiang, head of the China National Committee’s space subcommittee in Zhuhai, China, state news agency Space Administration. in which members expressed skep- Xinhua reported that China, Russia Russia assisted China’s Chang’e-4 ticism toward NASA’s approach to and Europe had agreed to explore a lunar far side landing mission with returning humans to the moon by plan to jointly establish a scientific the provision of a radioisotope 2024. A House draft of a continuing research station on the moon. return around 2023. It is likely to target thermoelectric generator. Prelimi- resolution released the same day did An official with the European the lunar south pole or the far side nary research on ultrasonic drilling not include any special provisions for Space Agency told SpaceNews that of the moon. techniques for detecting water within NASA, thereby threatening to delay while discussions regarding future China will then proceed to an extraterrestrial surfaces is also being work on lunar landers needed for lunar exploration has begun among extended phase of lunar exploration carried out by Russian and Chinese the Artemis program. experts, no decisions have been involving Chang’e-7 and further lu- universities. Roscosmos has been studying finalized and nothing has yet been nar landing missions. The aim will Joan Johnson-Freese, a professor a series of lunar orbiter and lander endorsed by ESA and its member states. be to establish a robotic “research of national security affairs at the Naval missions since the 2000s. A lander China had stated it would launch base” and carry out lunar resource War College in Newport, Rhode Island, named Luna-25 is, after postpone- the Chang’e-5 lunar sample return in situ utilization tests, “bio-scien- told SpaceNews that the agreement ments, scheduled for the 2020s. mission late this year. However further tific experiments,” and test rare-gas was “another indicator that other Following on will be the Luna-26 delays to the return-to-flight of the extraction from the lunar regolith countries see the Chinese program orbiter, as well as a lander and sam- Long March 5 heavy lift rocket have and 3D-printing. as the lunar program to watch.” ple return missions for studying the seen that mission pushed into 2020. The missions will include an “China has the political will to lunar south polar regions. The Long March 5 could still orbiter, relay satellite, as well as follow through with space plans, NASA held discussions in 2017 launch late this year, carrying the landing and test craft, a rover and a regardless of timetables, and Russia regarding potential involvement in experimental Shijian-20 communi- flying vehicle, according to officials is motivated to cooperate with them Russia’s lunar exploration missions. cations satellite. If successful, priority from the China Aerospace Science through its sole strategic purpose — Roscosmos is meanwhile involved will then be given to a test launch for and Technology Corporation, the make things difficult for democracies in the plans for the Gateway, a NA- the planned Chinese Space Station, state-owned main contractor for in general and the U.S. in particular,” SA-led lunar orbit space station de- followed by the country’s 2020 Mars the Chinese space program. Johnson-Freese, expressing her signed to assist human exploration mission, which will have a short launch The expanded lunar project has personal views, said. of the moon. window in late July to early August. not yet received official approval The cooperation announce- NASA is effectively prohibited from Chang’e-6, which will involve from the government. Approval ment came a day ahead of a Sept. bilateral cooperation with Chinese France and also has 10 kilograms could follow with the formulation of state entities by U.S. law. available for further international China’s next five-year plan, covering GLAVKOSMOS PHOTO ANDREW JONES At the opening of a lunar and deep payloads, will be second lunar sample 2021-2025. SN

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001-012_IAC ShowDaily-DAY ONE 2019.indd 5 10/14/19 2:26 PM AMERICA’S SPACEPLANE TM Known as America’s Spaceplane, Sierra Nevada Corporation’s (SNC) Dream Chaser® spacecraft is a multi-mission vehicle designed to transport crew and cargo to low-Earth orbit (LEO) destinations such as the International Space Station. Inspired by the legacy of the space shuttle and the 135 missions that came before us, SNC’s Dream Chaser is truly a state-of-art vehicle employing cutting-edge technology.

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Space News - Double Truck.indd 1 10/14/2019 2:07:26 PM 001-012_IAC ShowDaily-DAY ONE 2019.indd 6 10/14/19 2:33 PM AMERICA’S SPACEPLANE TM Known as America’s Spaceplane, Sierra Nevada Corporation’s (SNC) Dream Chaser® spacecraft is a multi-mission vehicle designed to transport crew and cargo to low-Earth orbit (LEO) destinations such as the International Space Station. Inspired by the legacy of the space shuttle and the 135 missions that came before us, SNC’s Dream Chaser is truly a state-of-art vehicle employing cutting-edge technology.

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Space News - Double Truck.indd 1 10/14/2019 2:07:26 PM 001-012_IAC ShowDaily-DAY ONE 2019.indd 7 10/14/19 2:34 PM SHOW DAILY DAY 1 NASA and JAXA reaffirm intent to cooperate in lunar exploration

ASA and its Japanese counterpart confirmed late last month their intent Nto cooperate on lunar exploration, including Japanese roles in the lunar Gateway and human lunar landings. NASA Administrator Jim Bridenstine, on a visit to Japan, met with Japanese officials including Hiroshi Yamakawa, president of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) to discuss cooperation in space exploration, specifically NASA’s Artemis program to land humans on the moon in 2024. The statement included no formal, binding agreements regarding roles JAXA would play in the Gateway or lunar landings, but instead outlined previous discussions about contributions to those programs. “The agency leaders shared their intention to seek support and commitment from their stakeholders in the United States and Japan to document proposals and to conclude the necessary arrangements between their respective agencies and governments,” the joint statement noted. Those contributions may include a Jap- JAXA President Hiroshi Yamakawa and NASA Administrator Jim Bridenstine signed a joint statement Sept. 24 reaffirming plans to cooperate on lunar exploration, including Japanese contributions to the Gateway and lunar anese habitation module for the Gateway as surface exploration. well as logistics using the HTV-X vehicle, an advanced version of the H-2 Transfer Vehicle currently used to deliver cargo to the Interna- The two countries are also considering Jap- contributions, such as modules and airlocks. tional Space Station. anese roles for lunar surface systems. Briden- “We also believe there is room for more “JAXA’s capabilities, and the nation of Ja- stine said he and Yamakawa have discussed countries to join us,” he added. He cited as pan’s capabilities, are significant,” Bridenstine the Japanese development of a pressurized an example the agreement NASA and the said in a joint news conference with Yamakawa rover that could be used by astronauts on the Australian Space Agency signed Sept. 21 to Sept. 25. “The United States and NASA would lunar surface. JAXA is already studying the study potential Australian contributions to the love to see Japan and JAXA working with us development of such a rover in cooperation Artemis program, as well as potential roles for on building that space station in orbit around with automaker Toyota. India and the United Arab Emirates. the moon.” In the near term, the two countries will col- He hedged, though, when asked if China “A habitation module is just the beginning. It laborate on Japanese robotic missions to the could participate. Existing law prohibits bi- will need to be served by a logistics capability,” moon. Yamakawa said at the news conference lateral cooperation between NASA and China he continued. “The H3 rocket and the HTV-X that NASA and JAXA will cooperate on pay- without congressional approval, he noted. “If cargo capsule could very well provide logistics loads and data sharing for the Smart Lander that were to change, it would be above my pay to the Gateway.” for Investigating the Moon (SLIM) scheduled grade,” he said. The announcement didn’t provide a time- for launch in 2021. NASA will also cooperate Bridenstine’s visit, which included meetings table for providing either the habitation mod- on a joint lunar mission between JAXA and with other Japanese officials, coincided with the ule or logistics services, although they would the Indian space agency ISRO in 2023 to study Sept. 24 launch of an H-2B rocket carrying the likely come only later in the 2020s, after the the lunar poles. HTV-8 cargo spacecraft to the ISS. That launch, first landing in 2024. Those would also have Bridenstine said at the news conference previously scheduled for earlier in the month, to be coordinated with other potential con- that NASA hopes to have all the current ISS was postponed by a pad fire during pre-launch tributions from international partners as well partners involved in the Gateway and overall preparations. as commercial capabilities, such as NASA’s Artemis program. Besides JAXA’s proposed “I would like to congratulate Hiroshi, JAXA ongoing solicitation for commercial cargo contributions, Canada has already committed and the nation of Japan on a great launch while services for the Gateway. to providing the Canadarm3 robotic arm for we were sleeping last night,” Bridenstine said. the Gateway, while both the European Space “Thank you very much, Jim,” Yamakawa JEFF FOUST Agency and Roscosmos are weighing their own responded in English.

SN NASA/MATT RYDIN NASA/AIRSTREAM

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001-012_IAC ShowDaily-DAY ONE 2019.indd 8 10/14/19 2:27 PM NASA/MATT RYDIN 001-012_IAC ShowDaily-DAY ONE 2019.indd 9 NASA/AIRSTREAM going tobegin.” we’re where just that’s expect “I grow. could related activities,” he said, hinting that funding and mission “the of support in years five next the over million) ($102 dollars Australian lion the Australian government will spend 150 mil- systems or capabilities for thelunarGateway. surface lunar include could added, he work, mission.”its That of part significant a support can it how on NASA with work will Agency at the signing ceremony. “The Australian Space space supply chains,” Morrison said in remarks to compete for a place in growing international building on its capabilities inmining. management,”asset remote and automation robotics, as such interest mutual of areas “in contributing Australiaenvisioned agreement, to be determined. NASA, in a statement about the program or other exploration initiatives remain son andSecretary of Commerce Wilbur Ross. Morri - Scott Minister Prime Australian as well as agencies two the of leadership by attended to return humans to the moon. The event was intent” regarding cooperation on NASA’s plans two space agencies signed a “joint statement of Australia seeks to further boost its space industry. N on lunarexploration Australia to cooperate withNASA Morrison also used the speech to announce “It will give Australian businesses a chance What roles Australia will plan in the Artemis the Headquarters, NASA at ceremony a In operate on NASA’s Artemis program as Australian counterpart Sept. 21 to co- its with agreement an signed ASA JEFF FOUST turn could support cooperation with NASA and in which activities, space support could that technologies Australian “investment-ready” of demonstrations and projects pilot support part, investmentin would,the statement,said paign to return to the moon and travel to Mars.” that will support NASA on its inspirational cam “into our local businesses and new technologies ernment said the additional funding would go gov- Australian the from statement A certain. Morrison looked on. WilburRoss (standing,left)andAustralianPrimeMinisterScott agreement Sept.21whileCommerceSecretary NASA DeputyAdministrator JimMorhard(left)andMeganClark,headoftheAustralianSpaceAgency, signedthe The Australian Space Agency, in its own its in Agency, Space Australian The Exactly how that money will be spent is un next totheSpace Shuttle Atlantis. at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center Visitor’s Complex as the Astrovan. That vehicle is currently on display modified Airstream Excella commonly referred to a aboard pad the to driven been have astronauts AirstreamAtlas Touring NASASince1984, Coach. in Jackson Center, Ohio, and is based on a modified Canaveral, Florida, launchpad. Astrovan II was built Cape CST-100Starliner’s the to astronauts crew commercial transport to use will Boeing vehicle trailer, unveiled Astrovan II, an eight-seat transport Airstream, In Brief - - the country. it easier for companies to perform launches in make to intended regulations of set new a on other activities, the agency recently finished work agency. Among an establish to country the in after years of efforts by space industry advocates Agency formally started operations in July 2018 Space Australian The industry. space tralia’s are the latest signs of growing support for Aus companies winbusiness. other space agencies and aid Australian space The agreement and funding announcements maker of the iconic “silver bullet” travel S N DAY 1|SPACENEWS SHOW DAILY |9 S N

10/14/19 2:27 PM - SHOW DAILY DAY 1

ANALYSIS | Stéphanie Willekens The next space race: new rules, more players, further ambitions

n 2018, global government space budgets totaled $70.8 billion, posting a five-year Icompound annual growth rate of 5.75% and continuing the last few years of recovery of space public spending. Representing the second-largest space expenditure, human spaceflight accounts for 16% of the total, with nine countries plus the European Space Agency spending on average more than $1.25 billion each, the highest across all applications. Science and exploration budgets have emerged as the third-highest application spending area, a budget entirely funded by civil agencies. According to Euroconsult’s latest research, global space budgets for the future mission roadmaps. of most players moving forward. The a high degree of uncertainty exists for space exploration are expected The largest expenditure area in budget allocated to lunar programs in the business models and success to surpass $20 billion in the next space exploration is transportation, is expected to experience sustained potential of such private initiatives, decade with nearly 80 planetary forecast to reach nearly $9 billion in growth, reaching $2.8 billion by 2027 with challenges and obstacles such exploration missions expected to the next decade. The application is to support ambitious government as the political changes in strategic be launched, 63% of which will be supported by significant investments missions and commercial partnership priorities, governments’ indecision government-led missions. Since the from multiple countries and particu- programs. Finally, with four Mars with regards to an anchor customer beginnings of space exploration, larly in the U.S. and China to support missions set for launch in 2020—NA- position, but also risks associated the number of countries involved the development of next-generation SA’s Mars2020, ESA and Roscosmos’ to the technological developments has expanded considerably, in- crew and/or cargo vehicles for low ExoMars2020, China’s Mars Global and the very low maturity of the cluding historical space players (the Earth obit and beyond-LEO activi- and the UAE’s Hope mission—ex- targeted market. United States and Russia), European ties. Orbital infrastructure—orbital penditures in Mars exploration are In a domain that has histori- countries (primarily through ESA), stations or outposts and their asso- expected to peak in the near term. A cally been fully institutional, space China, Japan, Canada and India, ciated human spaceflight programs funding boost in Mars programs is agencies are increasingly seeking and relatively newer players such both in LEO and beyond LEO—is the expected to occur as a second step to leverage partnerships with both as the United Arab Emirates and second-largest application. While once agencies shift focus from the public partners and the private South Korea. the budget has been stable over moon to Mars. sector to achieve their goals more Fifteen leading space programs the past years, funding is expected The next decade will also see cost effectively while fostering worldwide are estimated to contrib- to increase driven by investments the rise of commercial exploration a sustainable space exploration. ute to the global space exploration in the ISS program and growing initiatives, with close to 30 com- The next decade will be marked by investment, with the U.S. accounting budget for both the development mercial missions forecast by 2027, the emergence and consolidation for almost 75% of the total. Global of the lunar Gateway by the Inter- primarily driven by lunar initiatives. of new government and private expenditures have grown in the national Space Stations partners Both startups and established com- players and programs, opening past five years driven by programs in as well as China’s investment in its panies seek to exploit the commer- new opportunities and challenges, leading countries and new nations space station. cial potential of space exploration, and leading toward an era of both investing in space exploration. Yet, As highlighted in the 2018 Global including through commercial space collaboration and competition in national investments remain con- Exploration Roadmap, the moon is stations, crew and cargo transporta- space exploration. SN EUROCONSULT INFOGRAPHIC strained by their public finances’ attracting converging interest from tion, payload services on the moon, environment, leading to realistic space agencies and has become a lunar resources utilization and as- STÉPHANIE WILLEKENS IS A SENIOR and pragmatic strategic planning central item in the exploration strategy teroid mining (among others). Yet, CONSULTANT AT EUROCONSULT.

10 | SPACENEWS

001-012_IAC ShowDaily-DAY ONE 2019.indd 10 10/14/19 2:28 PM EUROCONSULT INFOGRAPHIC Space News Cover - Spaceplane-Rocket.indd 1 001-012_IAC ShowDaily-DAY ONE 2019.indd 11 © 2019 Sierra Nevada Corporation #SNCDreamChaser #VulcanCentaur 10/14/2019 2:01:07 PM 10/14/19 2:29 PM AMERICA’S SPACEPLANETM MAKING SPACE AFFORDABLE & ACCESSIBLE WORLDWIDE Known as “America’s Spaceplane,” the Dream SNC has entered into agreements with multiple Chaser® spacecraft, owned and operated by Sierra international space agencies and is developing Nevada Corporation (SNC), is a multi-mission space technologies, applications and missions for Dream utility vehicle designed for transporting crew and Chaser-based space systems, making space cargo to low-Earth orbit (LEO) destinations. In 2016, affordable and accessible around the globe. NASA selected the Dream Chaser to provide cargo “At SNC our goal is to pay it forward,” said Eren delivery, return and disposal service for the Space Ozmen, SNC’s owner and president. “This is about Station under the Commercial Resupply Service 2 scientific discovery, and about opening space to (CRS-2) contract starting in late 2021. organizations that may not otherwise have access Dream Chaser can be customized for both to it, benefiting future generations of innovators like domestic and international customers through us all around the world. We’re thrilled to provide the vehicle configuration, launch site, orbit, landing site, vehicle that will make this happen.” duration and a host of other variables. “Space is a bridge to bring “Space is a bridge to bring the world and cultures the world and cultures together,” said Fatih Ozmen, SNC’s owner and CEO, together.” emphasizing the need for critical infrastructures that will enable and sustain a vibrant, U.S.-led space - Fatih Ozmen, SNC Owner & CEO economy.

The Long-Term Sustainability of Outerspace sncorp.com Tuesday, October 22, 8:30 - 9:30 A.M. EDT

Space001-012_IAC News Cover ShowDaily-DAY - Ozmen-DC.indd ONE 1 2019.indd 12 10/14/201910/14/19 2:08:44 2:29 PM PM